SIST EN 62109-2:2011

Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems - Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters (IEC 62109-2:2011)

This Part 2 of IEC 62109 covers the particular safety requirements relevant to d.c. to a.c. inverter products as well as products that have or perform inverter functions in addition to other functions, where the inverter is intended for use in photovoltaic power systems. Inverters covered by this standard may be grid-interactive, stand-alone, or multiple mode inverters, may be supplied by single or multiple photovoltaic modules grouped in various array configurations, and may be intended for use in conjunction with batteries or other forms of energy storage. Inverters with multiple functions or modes shall be judged against all applicable requirements for each of those functions and modes. This standard does not address grid interconnection requirements for grid-interactive inverters.

Sicherheit von Leistungsumrichtern zur Anwendung in photovoltaischen Energiesystemen - Teil 2: Besondere Anforderungen an Wechselrichter (IEC 62109-2:2011)

Sécurité des convertisseurs de puissance utilisés dans les systèmes photovoltaïques - Partie 2: Exigences particulières pour les onduleurs (CEI 62109-2:2011)

La CEI 62109-2:2011 couvre les exigences de sécurité particulières concernant les onduleurs transformant un courant continu en courant alternatif, ainsi que les produits possédant ou exécutant des fonctions d'onduleur en plus d'autres fonctions, lorsque l'onduleur est destiné à être utilisé dans des systèmes photovoltaïques. Les onduleurs couverts par la présente norme peuvent être des onduleurs couplés au réseau, autonomes ou multimodes, ils peuvent être alimentés par des modules photovoltaïques simples ou multiples regroupés en diverses configurations de générateurs et ils peuvent être destinés à être utilisés conjointement avec des batteries ou avec d'autres formes de stockage d'énergie. Cette norme doit être lue conjointement avec la CEI 62109-1.

Varnost močnostnih pretvornikov, ki se uporabljajo v fotonapetostnih sistemih - 2. del: Posebne zahteve za razsmernike (IEC 62109-2:2011)

Ta 2. del IEC 62109 zajema posebne varnostne zahteve, pomembne za razsmernike med enosmernim in izmeničnim tokom, ter proizvode, ki imajo ali izvajajo poleg drugih funkcij tudi razsmerniško funkcijo, pri katerih je razsmernik namenjen uporabi v fotonapetostnih sistemih. Razsmerniki, ki jih zajema ta standard, so lahko omrežno interaktivni, samostojni ali večnačinovni razsmerniki, lahko so dobavljeni v enojnih ali večkratnih fotonapetostnih modulih, združenih v različne konfiguracije nizov, in se lahko uporabljajo v povezavi z baterijami ali drugimi oblikami shranjevanja energije. Razsmerniki z več funkcijami ali načini se presojajo glede na vse ustrezne zahteve za vsako funkcijo oziroma vsak način. Ta standard ne obravnava zahtev za omrežno povezovanje pri omrežno interaktivnih razsmernikih.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Oct-2011
• ICS: 27.160 - Solar energy engineering
• ICS: 29.200 - Rectifiers. Convertors. Stabilized power supply
• Technical Committee: PVS - Solar photovoltaic energy systems
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 10-Oct-2011
• Due Date: 15-Dec-2011
• Completion Date: 18-Oct-2011
• Directive: 2006/95/EC - Directive 2006/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the harmonisation of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits (codified version)
• Directive: 2014/35/EU - Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits
• Directive: TP256 - Pravilnik o tehničnih zahtevah za priključitev in obratovanje vtične proizvodne naprave na obnovljive vire energije
• Ref Project: EN 62109-2:2011 - Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems - Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 62109-2:2011
01-november-2011
9DUQRVWPRþQRVWQLKSUHWYRUQLNRYNLVHXSRUDEOMDMRYIRWRQDSHWRVWQLKVLVWHPLK
GHO3RVHEQH]DKWHYH]DUD]VPHUQLNH,(&
Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems - Part 2: Particular
requirements for inverters (IEC 62109-2:2011)
Sicherheit von Leistungsumrichtern zur Anwendung in photovoltaischen
Energiesystemen - Teil 2: Besondere Anforderungen an Wechselrichter (IEC 62109-
2:2011)
Sécurité des convertisseurs de puissance utilisés dans les systèmes photovoltaïques -
Partie 2: Exigences particulières pour les onduleurs (CEI 62109-2:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62109-2:2011
ICS:
27.160 6RQþQDHQHUJLMD Solar energy engineering
29.200 8VPHUQLNL3UHWYRUQLNL Rectifiers. Convertors.
6WDELOL]LUDQRHOHNWULþQR Stabilized power supply
QDSDMDQMH
SIST EN 62109-2:2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST EN 62109-2:2011

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST EN 62109-2:2011

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62109-2

NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

ICS 27.160


English version


Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems -
Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters
(IEC 62109-2:2011)


Sécurité des convertisseurs de puissance Sicherheit von Leistungsumrichtern zur
utilisés dans les systèmes Anwendung in photovoltaischen
photovoltaïques - Energiesystemen -
Partie 2: Exigences particulières pour les Teil 2: Besondere Anforderungen an
onduleurs Wechselrichter
(CEI 62109-2:2011) (IEC 62109-2:2011)





This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-07-28. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels


© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62109-2:2011 E

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
EN 62109-2:2011 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 82/636/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62109-2, prepared by IEC TC 82, "Solar
photovoltaic energy systems", was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by
CENELEC as EN 62109-2 on 2011-07-28.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
(dop) 2012-04-28
national standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
(dow) 2014-07-28
with the EN have to be withdrawn
The requirements in this Part 2 are to be used with the requirements in Part 1, and supplement or modify
clauses in Part 1. When a particular clause or subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this Part 2, that
clause of Part 1 applies. When this Part 2 contains clauses that add to, modify, or replace clauses in
Part 1, the relevant text of Part 1 is to be applied with the required changes.
Subclauses, figures and tables additional to those in Part 1 are numbered in continuation of the sequence
existing in Part 1.
All references to “Part 1” in this Part 2 shall be taken as dated references to EN 62109-1:2010.
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62109-2:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60364-7-712 NOTE  Harmonized as HD 60364-7-712.
IEC 61008-1 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61008-1.
IEC 61727 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61727.
IEC 61730-1 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61730-1.
IEC 62116 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 62116.
__________

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
- 3 - EN 62109-2:2011
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.

Addition to EN 62109-1:2010:

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 62109-1 2010 Safety of power converters for use in EN 62109-1 2010
photovoltaic power systems -
Part 1: General requirements

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
IEC 62109-2
®

Edition 1.0 2011-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems –
Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters

Sécurité des convertisseurs de puissance utilisés dans les systèmes
photovoltaïques –
Partie 2: Exigences particulières pour les onduleurs

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX V
ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-88912-491-6

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
– 2 – 62109-2  IEC:2011
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope and object . 7
1.1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 General testing requirements. 9
4.4 Testing in single fault condition . 9
4.4.4 Single fault conditions to be applied . 9
4.4.4.15 Fault-tolerance of protection for grid-interactive inverters . 9
4.4.4.16 Stand-alone inverters – Load transfer test . 12
4.4.4.17 Cooling system failure – Blanketing test . 12
4.7 Electrical ratings tests . 12
4.7.3 Measurement requirements for AC output ports for stand-alone
inverters . 13
4.7.4 Stand-alone Inverter AC output voltage and frequency . 13
4.7.4.1 General . 13
4.7.4.2 Steady state output voltage at nominal DC input . 13
4.7.4.3 Steady state output voltage across the DC input range . 13
4.7.4.4 Load step response of the output voltage at nominal DC
input . 13
4.7.4.5 Steady state output frequency . 13
4.7.5 Stand-alone inverter output voltage waveform . 14
4.7.5.1 General . 14
4.7.5.2 Sinusoidal output voltage waveform requirements . 14
4.7.5.3 Non-sinusoidal output waveform requirements . 14
4.7.5.4 Information requirements for non-sinusoidal waveforms . 14
4.7.5.5 Output voltage waveform requirements for inverters for
dedicated loads . 15
4.8 Additional tests for grid-interactive inverters . 15
4.8.1 General requirements regarding inverter isolation and array
grounding . 15
4.8.2 Array insulation resistance detection for inverters for ungrounded and
functionally grounded arrays . 17
4.8.2.1 Array insulation resistance detection for inverters for
ungrounded arrays . 17
4.8.2.2 Array insulation resistance detection for inverters for
functionally grounded arrays . 17
4.8.3 Array residual current detection . 18
4.8.3.1 General . 18
4.8.3.2 30 mA touch current type test for isolated inverters . 19
4.8.3.3 Fire hazard residual current type test for isolated inverters . 19
4.8.3.4 Protection by application of RCD’s . 19
4.8.3.5 Protection by residual current monitoring . 19
4.8.3.6 Systems located in closed electrical operating areas . 22
5 Marking and documentation . 22
5.1 Marking . 23

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
62109-2  IEC:2011 – 3 –
5.1.4 Equipment ratings. 23
5.2 Warning markings . 23
5.2.2 Content for warning markings . 23
5.2.2.6 Inverters for closed electrical operating areas . 24
5.3 Documentation . 24
5.3.2 Information related to installation . 24
5.3.2.1 Ratings . 24
5.3.2.2 Grid-interactive inverter setpoints . 25
5.3.2.3 Transformers and isolation . 25
5.3.2.4 Transformers required but not provided. 25
5.3.2.5 PV modules for non-isolated inverters . 25
5.3.2.6 Non-sinusoidal output waveform information . 25
5.3.2.7 Systems located in closed electrical operating areas . 26
5.3.2.8 Stand-alone inverter output circuit bonding . 26
5.3.2.9 Protection by application of RCD’s . 26
5.3.2.10 Remote indication of faults . 26
5.3.2.11 External array insulation resistance measurement and
response . 26
5.3.2.12 Array functional grounding information . 26
5.3.2.13 Stand-alone inverters for dedicated loads . 27
5.3.2.14 Identification of firmware version(s) . 27
6 Environmental requirements and conditions. 27
7 Protection against electric shock and energy hazards . 27
7.3 Protection against electric shock . 27
7.3.10 Additional requirements for stand-alone inverters . 27
7.3.11 Functionally grounded arrays . 28
8 Protection against mechanical hazards . 28
9 Protection against fire hazards . 28
9.3 Short-circuit and overcurrent protection . 28
9.3.4 Inverter backfeed current onto the array . 28
10 Protection against sonic pressure hazards. 28
11 Protection against liquid hazards . 28
12 Protection against chemical hazards . 28
13 Physical requirements . 29
13.9 Fault indication . 29
14 Components . 29
Bibliography . 30

Figure 20 – Example system discussed in Note 2 above . 11
Figure 21 – Example test circuit for residual current detection testing . 21

Table 30 – Requirements based on inverter isolation and array grounding . 16
Table 31 – Response time limits for sudden changes in residual current . 20
Table 32 – Inverter ratings – Marking requirements . 23
Table 33 – Inverter ratings – Documentation requirements . 24

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
– 4 – 62109-2  IEC:2011
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

SAFETY OF POWER CONVERTERS FOR USE
IN PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS –

Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62109-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar
photovoltaic energy systems.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
82/636/FDIS 82/648A/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
62109-2  IEC:2011 – 5 –
The requirements in this Part 2 are to be used with the requirements in Part 1, and
supplement or modify clauses in Part 1. When a particular clause or subclause of Part 1 is not
mentioned in this Part 2, that clause of Part 1 applies. When this Part 2 contains clauses that
add to, modify, or replace clauses in Part 1, the relevant text of Part 1 is to be applied with
the required changes.
Subclauses, figures and tables additional to those in Part 1 are numbered in continuation of
the sequence existing in Part 1.
All references to “Part 1” in this Part 2 shall be taken as dated references to
IEC 62109-1:2010.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
– 6 – 62109-2  IEC:2011
INTRODUCTION
This Part 2 of IEC 62109 gives requirements for grid-interactive and stand-alone inverters.
This equipment has potentially hazardous input sources and output circuits, internal
components, and features and functions, which demand different requirements for safety than
those given in Part 1 (IEC 62109-1:2010).

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
62109-2  IEC:2011 – 7 –
SAFETY OF POWER CONVERTERS FOR USE
IN PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS –

Part 2: Particular requirements for inverters



1 Scope and object
This clause of Part 1 is applicable with the following exception:
1.1 Scope
Addition:
This Part 2 of IEC 62109 covers the particular safety requirements relevant to d.c. to a.c.
inverter products as well as products that have or perform inverter functions in addition to
other functions, where the inverter is intended for use in photovoltaic power systems.
Inverters covered by this standard may be grid-interactive, stand-alone, or multiple mode
inverters, may be supplied by single or multiple photovoltaic modules grouped in various
array configurations, and may be intended for use in conjunction with batteries or other forms
of energy storage.
Inverters with multiple functions or modes shall be judged against all applicable requirements
for each of those functions and modes.
NOTE Throughout this standard where terms such as “grid-interactive inverter” are used, the meaning is either a
grid-interactive inverter or a grid-interactive operating mode of a multi-mode inverter
This standard does not address grid interconnection requirements for grid-interactive
inverters.
NOTE The authors of this Part 2 did not think it would be appropriate or successful to attempt to put grid
interconnection requirements into this standard, for the following reasons:
a) Grid interconnection standards typically contain both protection and power quality requirements, dealing with
aspects such as disconnection under abnormal voltage or frequency conditions on the grid, protection against
islanding, limitation of harmonic currents and d.c. injection, power factor, etc. Many of these aspects are
power quality requirements that are beyond the scope of a product safety standard such as this.
b) At the time of writing there is inadequate consensus amongst regulators of grid-interactive inverters to lead to
acceptance of harmonized interconnect requirements. For example, IEC 61727 gives grid interconnection
requirements, but has not gained significant acceptance, and publication of EN 50438 required inclusion of
country-specific deviations for a large number of countries.
c) The recently published IEC 62116 contains test methods for islanding protection.
This standard does contain safety requirements specific to grid-interactive inverters that are similar to the safety
aspects of some existing national grid interconnection standards.
Users of this standard should be aware that in most jurisdictions allowing grid interconnection of inverters there are
national or local requirements that must be met. Examples include EN 50438, IEEE 1547, DIN VDE 0126-1-1, and
AS 4777.3
2 Normative references
This clause of Part 1 is applicable, with the following exception:
Addition

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
– 8 – 62109-2  IEC:2011
IEC 62109-1:2010, Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems – Part 1:
General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable, with the following exceptions:
Additional definitions
3.100
functionally grounded array
a PV array that has one conductor intentionally connected to earth for purposes other than
safety, by means not complying with the requirements for protective bonding
NOTE 1 Such a system is not considered to be a grounded array – see 3.102.
NOTE 2 Examples of functional array grounding include grounding one conductor through an impedance, or only
temporarily grounding the array for functional or performance reasons
NOTE 3 In an inverter intended for an un-grounded array, that uses a resistive measurement network to measure
the array impedance to ground, that measurement network is not considered a form of functional grounding.
3.101
grid-interactive inverter
an inverter or inverter function intended to export power to the grid
NOTE Also commonly referred to as “grid-connected”, “grid-tied”, “utility-interactive”. Power exported may or may
not be in excess of the local load.
3.102
grounded array
a PV array that has one conductor intentionally connected to earth by means complying with
the requirements for protective bonding
NOTE 1 The connection to earth of the mains circuit in a non-isolated inverter with an otherwise ungrounded
array, does not create a grounded array. In this standard such a system is an ungrounded array because the
inverter electronics are in the fault current path from the array to the mains grounding point, and are not
considered to provide reliable grounding of the array
NOTE 2 This is not to be confused with protective earthing (equipment grounding) of the array frame
NOTE 3 In some local installation codes, grounded arrays are allowed or required to open the array connection to
earth under ground-fault conditions on the array, to interrupt the fault current, temporarily ungrounding the array
under fault conditions. This arrangement is still considered a grounded array in this standard.
3.103
indicate a fault
annunciate that a fault has occurred, in accordance with 13.9
3.104
inverter
electric energy converter that changes direct electric current to single-phase or polyphase
alternating current
3.105
inverter backfeed current
the maximum current that can be impressed onto the PV array and its wiring from the inverter,
under normal or single fault conditions
3.106
isolated inverter
an inverter with at least simple separation between the mains and PV circuits

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SIST EN 62109-2:2011
62109-2  IEC:2011 – 9 –
NOTE 1 In an inverter with more than one external circuit, there may be isolation between some pairs of circuits
and no isolation between others. For example, an inverter with PV, battery, and mains circuits may provide
isolation between the mains circuit and the PV circuit, but no isolation between the PV and battery circuits. In this
standard, the term isolated inverter is used as defined above in general – referring to isolation between the mains
and PV circuits. If two circuits other than the mains and PV circuits are being discussed, additional wording is used
to clarify the meaning.
NOTE 2 For an inverter that does not have internal isolation between the mains and PV circuits, but is required to
be used with a dedicated isolation transformer, with no other equipment connected to the inverter side of that
isolation transformer, the combination may be treated as an isolated inverter. Other configurations require analysis
at the system level, and are beyond the scope of this standard, however the principles in this standard may be
used in the analysis.
3.107
multiple mode inverter
an inverter that operates in more than one mode, for example having grid-interactive
functionality when mains voltage is present, and stand-alone functionality when the mains is
de-energized or disconnected
3.108
non-isolated inverter
an inverter without at least simple separation between the mains and PV circuits
NOTE See the notes under 3.106 above.
3.109
stand-alone inverter
an inverter or inverter function intended to supply AC power to a load that is not connected to
the mains.
NOTE Stand-alone inverters may be designed to be paralleled with other non-mains sources (other inverters,
rotating generators, etc.). Such a system does not constitute a grid-interactive system.
4 General testing requirements
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows:
NOTE In IEC 62109-1 and therefore in this Part 2, test requirements that relate only to a single type of hazard
(shock, fire, etc.) are located in the clause specific to that hazard type. Test requirements that relate to more than
one type of hazard (for example testing under fault cond
...