SIST EN 12693:2008
(Main)Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Positive displacement refrigerant compressors
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Positive displacement refrigerant compressors
This standard applies to positive displacement refrigerant compressors for stationary and mobile refrigerating systems and heat pumps defined in 3.1, hereafter called compressors.
It applies for compressors used in commercial and industrial appliances and with electrical energy supply including integral motors, up to 1 000 VAC and 1 500 VDC.
It applies to open drive, semi hermetic and hermetic motor compressors, which contain a positive compression function
This standard is not applicable to:
- compressors used in household appliance for which EN 60335-2-34 applies;
- compressors using water or air as refrigerant.
This standard does not deal with requirements for vibration and noise.
NOTE Noise emission depends on the complete installation of the built-in compressors and the corresponding operating conditions.
For semi-hermetic and open drive compressors which include moving parts and for which the external envelope is primarily designed for mechanical loads, thermal loads (to limit the possible deformation due to temperature), stiffness of the structure (external mechanical loads and weight of the equipment), taking into account established safe industrial practice, it is considered that pressure is not a significant design factor.
Attached parts covering other functions e.g. oil separators, oil coolers, suction accumulators shall comply to EN 14276-1 or EN 13445-6 (cast iron) or prEN 13445-8:2003 (aluminium) or showing compliance to the relevant European requirements. This applies also to shells for hermetic compressors either welded or with any kind of permanent joint.
Requirements for compressors used in explosive atmospheres are not covered by this standard.
NOTE For further guidance see EN 13463-1.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compressors, when they are used as indented and under conditions for misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This standard
Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Verdrängerverdichter für Kältemittel
Diese Norm gilt für Verdrängerverdichter für Kältemittel nach der Definition in 3.1, die für ortsfeste und ortsveränderliche
Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen verwendet und im Folgenden als Verdichter bezeichnet werden.
Sie gilt für Verdichter, die in gewerblichen und industriellen Anlagen eingesetzt werden und zu deren Energieversorgung
Integralmotoren mit bis zu 1 000 V Wechselstrom oder 1 500 V Gleichstrom verwendet werden.
Sie gilt für Verdichter mit offenem Antrieb sowie für halbhermetische und hermetische Motorverdichter mit
positiver Verdrängungsfunktion.
Diese Norm gilt nicht für:
- Verdichter, die für Geräte für den Hausgebrauch vorgesehen sind, für die EN 60335-2-34 gilt;
- Verdichter, bei denen Wasser oder Luft als Kältemittel dient.
Diese Norm enthält keine Anforderungen im Hinblick auf Schwingungen und Geräuschemission.
ANMERKUNG 1 Verdichter für die Fahrzeugklimatisierung können z. B. nach SAE J 639 entwickelt werden.
ANMERKUNG 2 Die Geräuschemission ist von der Gesamtanlage des eingebauten Verdichters und den entsprechenden
Betriebsbedingungen abhängig.
Bei Verdichtern mit halbhermetischem oder offenem Antrieb, die bewegliche Teile enthalten und bei denen die
äußere Hülle unter Berücksichtigung bewährter und sicherer industrieller Verfahrensweisen vor allem im
Hinblick auf die Aufnahme mechanischer Lasten, den Widerstand gegen thermische Beanspruchungen (zur
Begrenzung der möglichen Verformung durch Temperatureinwirkung) und auf Steifigkeit der Konstruktion
(äußere mechanische Lasten und Gewicht der Ausrüstung) ausgelegt ist, wird davon ausgegangen, dass der
Druck keinen wesentlichen Faktor für die Auslegung darstellt.
Anbauteile mit anderen Funktionen, wie z. B. Ölabscheider, Ölkühler und Ausgleichsbehälter, müssen
EN 14276-1 oder EN 13445-6 (Gusseisen) bzw. EN 13445-8: (Aluminium) entsprechen, oder es muss
nachgewiesen werden, dass sie die einschlägigen europäischen Anforderungen erfüllen.
Systèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Compresseurs volumétriques pour fluides frigorigènes
La présente norme s’applique aux compresseurs volumétriques pour fluides frigorigènes pour les systèmes
de réfrigération mobiles et fixes et les pompes à chaleur définis en 3.1, ci-après désignés par compresseurs.
Elle s’applique aux compresseurs utilisés dans les applications commerciales et industrielles ainsi qu’aux
compresseurs ayant une alimentation électrique y compris moteurs intégrés, jusqu’à 1 000VAC et 1 500 VDC.
Elle s’applique aux motocompresseurs ouverts, semi-hermétiques et hermétiques ayant une fonction de
compression volumétrique.
La présente norme ne s’applique pas :
- aux compresseurs utilisés dans les appareils domestiques pour lesquels l’EN 60335-2-34 s’applique ;
- aux compresseurs utilisant l’eau ou l’air comme fluide frigorigène.
La présente norme ne traite pas les exigences relatives aux vibrations et au bruit.
NOTE 1 Les compresseurs pour systèmes de conditionnement d’air de confort automobile peuvent selon par exemple
être développés selon SAE J 639.
NOTE 2 L’émission acoustique dépend de l’installation complète des compresseurs intégrés et des conditions
d’utilisation correspondantes.
Pour les compresseurs semi-hermétiques et ouverts incluant des parties mobiles et pour lesquels l’enveloppe
externe est principalement conçue pour les charges mécaniques, thermiques (pour limiter la possible
déformation due à la température), la rigidité de la structure (charges mécaniques externes et poids de
l’équipement), prenant en compte la pratique industrielle de sécurité établie, la pression n’est pas considérée
comme un critère de conception significatif.
Hladilni sistemi in toplotne črpalke - Varnostnotehnične in okoljevarstvene zahteve - Kompresorji za hladilne tekočine z iztiskavanjem
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnische und umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Verdrängerverdichter für KältemittelSystèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigences de sécurité et d'environnement - Compresseurs volumétriques pour fluides frigorigènesRefrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Positive displacement refrigerant compressors27.200Hladilna tehnologijaRefrigerating technology27.080Heat pumps23.140VWURMLCompressors and pneumatic machinesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12693:2008SIST EN 12693:2008en,fr,de01-september-2008SIST EN 12693:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 12693:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12693May 2008ICS 23.140; 27.080 English VersionRefrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety andenvironmental requirements - Positive displacement refrigerantcompressorsSystèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Exigencesde sécurité et d'environnement - Compresseursvolumétriques pour fluides frigorigènesKälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnischeund umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Verdrängerverdichterfür KältemittelThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12693:2008: ESIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.7 3.6 Symbols.8 4 List of significant hazards.10 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures.12 5.1 General.12 5.2 Protection of moving parts.12 5.3 Safety to prevent loss of stability.12 5.4 Safety during handling.12 5.5 Safety to prevent rupture or bursting.12 5.6 Electrical safety.14 5.7 Measures to reduce emissions of substances.16 6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures.16 6.1 General.16 6.2 Type test.17 6.3 Individual test.19 7 Marking, graphical symbols, written warnings.20 7.1 General.20 7.2 Marking.21 7.3 Graphical symbols, written warnings and information.22 8 Documentation and information for the user.22 8.1 General.22 8.2 Instruction handbook.22 Annex A (informative)
Basic design criteria for refrigerant compressors.24 Annex B (normative)
Procedure for the design of a refrigerant compressor.25 Annex C (normative)
Materials.28 Annex D (normative)
Determination of the allowable pressure at the maximum
operating temperature.30 Annex E (normative)
Determination of the allowable pressure at minimum operating temperature (requirements to avoid brittle fracture).31 Annex F (informative)
Compilation of material characteristics of often used materials.37 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC.61 Annex ZB (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements
of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.62 Bibliography.63
SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12693:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 182 "Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental requirements", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives 98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC. For relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are an integral part of this document. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. 1 Scope This standard applies to positive displacement refrigerant compressors for stationary and mobile refrigerating systems and heat pumps defined in 3.1, hereafter called compressors. It applies for compressors used in commercial and industrial appliances and with electrical energy supply including integral motors, up to 1 000 VAC and 1 500 VDC. It applies to open drive, semi hermetic and hermetic motor compressors, which contain a positive compression function.
This standard is not applicable to: compressors used in household appliance for which EN 60335-2-34 applies; compressors using water or air as refrigerant. This standard does not deal with requirements for vibration and noise. NOTE 1
Compressors for automotive comfort air conditioning systems can be developed according e.g. SAE J 639. NOTE 2 Noise emission depends on the complete installation of the built-in compressors and the corresponding operating conditions. For semi-hermetic and open drive compressors which include moving parts and for which the external envelope is primarily designed for mechanical loads, thermal loads (to limit the possible deformation due to temperature), stiffness of the structure (external mechanical loads and weight of the equipment), taking into account established safe industrial practice, it is considered that pressure is not a significant design factor. Attached parts covering other functions e.g. oil separators, oil coolers, suction accumulators shall comply to EN 14276-1 or EN 13445-6 (cast iron) or EN 13445-8 (aluminium) or showing compliance to the relevant European requirements. This applies also to shells for hermetic compressors either welded or with any kind of permanent joint. Requirements for compressors used in explosive atmospheres are not covered by this standard. NOTE 3 For further guidance see EN 13463-1. This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compressors, when they are used as intended and under conditions for misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 5 This standard specifies safety requirements for the design, construction, manufacture and testing, documentation and marking of compressors, including integral accessories, e.g. shut-off valve, if necessary. The requirements in this standard take account of the intended use, as defined in 3.12 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003. This standard relates to the compressor itself which is to be incorporated in a refrigerating system. This standard is not applicable to compressors as defined in the scope which are manufactured before the date of publication as EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 287-1, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 1: Steels EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 378-1:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria EN 378-2:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation EN 378-3, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 3: Installation site and personal protection EN 378-4, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery EN 837-1, Pressure gauges — Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges — Dimensions, metrology, require-ments and testing EN 837-3, Pressure gauges — Part 3: Diaphragm and capsule pressure gauges — Dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing
EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1050, Safety of Machinery — Principles for risk assessment EN 1515 (all parts), Flanges and their joints — Bolting EN 1561, Founding — Grey cast irons EN 1563, Founding — Spheroidal graphite cast irons EN 1779, Non-destructive testing — Leak testing — Criteria for method and technique selection EN 10045-1, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method
SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 6 EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents EN 12178, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Liquid level indicating devices — Requirements, testing and marking EN 12516-2, Industrial valves — Shell design strength — Part 2: Calculation method for steel valve shells EN 13136:2001, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Pressure relief devices and their associated piping — Methods for calculation EN 13445-2:2002, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 2: Materials EN 13445-3, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design EN 20898 (all parts), Mechanical properties of fasteners EN 60034-1:2004, Electrical rotating machinery — Part 1: Rating and performance (IEC 60034-1:2004) EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60335-2-34, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-34: Particular requirements for motor-compressors (IEC 60335-2-34:2002) EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN 60947-4-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters — Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1:2000) EN 60999 (all parts), Connecting Devices — Electrical copper conductors — Safety requirements for srew-type and screwless-type clamping units EN 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61010-1:2001) EN ISO 898 (all parts), Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel EN ISO 4126-2, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure — Part 2: Bursting disc safety devices (ISO 4126-2:2003) EN ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys (ISO 9606-2:2004) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — General rules (ISO 15607:2003) EN ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure test — Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys
(ISO 15614-1:2004) EN ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure test — Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys (ISO 15614-2:2005) SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 7 CR ISO 15608:2000, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system (ISO/TR 15608:2000) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 378-1:2008, EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. NOTE All pressures are gauge pressures unless otherwise specified. 3.1 positive displacement compressor compressor in which compression is obtained by changing the internal volume of the compression chamber 3.2 specified maximum allowable pressure, PS maximum allowable pressure as stated by the compressor manufacturer 3.3 specified maximum allowable standstill pressure, PSs maximum allowable value for the equalisation pressure in the compressor as stated by the compressor manufacturer NOTE 1 This pressure corresponds to different maximum permissible ambient temperatures for different refrigerants
(see 6.5.2). NOTE 2 PSS ≤ PS 3.4 compressor overflow device device specifically intended to protect the compressor against bursting caused by abnormal conditions, e.g. the discharge valve shut. The device relieves from the high pressure/intermediate side of the compressor to a lower pressure side NOTE The device may be a bursting disc or may be a spring loaded overflow valve. Spring loaded overflow valves can be either back pressure compensating or back pressure dependent type. 3.5 Temperature load cases
3.5.1 min t0 100 lowest temperature at which component material can be used at a load of up to 100 % of the allowable design stress at 20 °C, taking the safety factors according to Table B.2 into account 3.5.2 min t0 75 lowest temperature at which component material can be used, at a load of up to 75 % maximum of the allowable design stress at 20 °C, taking the safety factors according to Table B.2 into account 3.5.3 min t0 25 lowest temperature at which component material can be used, at a load of up to 25 % maximum of the allowable design stress at 20 °C, taking the safety factors according to Table B.2 into account 3.5.4 fasteners screws, double end studs, reduced shank bolts, studs and nuts with designation system according to
EN ISO 898 and EN 20898 or EN 1515 (property classes) SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 8 3.6 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply. Table 1 — Symbols Symbol Term Unit A Elongation after fracture % KV Impact rupture energy J KV0 Threshold value of impact rupture energy, where the impact rupture energy is defined as independent of the temperature J KV0t Standard value of impact rupture energy at standard temperature of the material J KVTS min. Impact rupture energy at minimum operating temperature TSmin. J Pburst Burst pressure MPa min t0 100 The lowest temperature according to the European Standards of the respective materials at which the compressor can be used at a load of up to 100 % of the allowable design stress at 20 °C, taking into account the safety factors
min t0 75 The lowest temperature at which the compressor can be used, if its load amounts to 75 % maximum of the allowable design stress at 20 °C, taking into account the safety factors
min t0 25 The lowest temperature at which pressure parts can be used, if their load amounts to 25 % maximum of the allowable design stress at 20 °C, taking into account the safety factors
PF Maximum allowable design test pressure MPa PS
Maximum allowable pressure in common sense, without regarding any influence of temperature MPa or bar a PSS Maximum allowable standstill pressure MPa or bar a PS0 Maximum allowable pressure at ambient temperature (− 10 °C to + 50 °C) according to strength design (without temperature correction) MPa or bar a PSTS max. Maximum allowable pressure at maximum operating temperature
MPa or bar a PSTS min. Maximum allowable pressure at minimum operating temperature MPa or bar a Rp 0,2 Proof strength, 0,2 % offset at room temperature MPa, N/mm2 Rp 1,0 Proof strength, 1,0 % offset at room temperature MPa, N/mm2 Rp 0,2 TS max. Proof strength, 0,2 % offset at highest operating temperature MPa, N/mm2 Rp 1,0 TS max. Proof strength, 1,0 % offset at highest operating temperature MPa, N/mm2 ReH Upper yield strength MPa, N/mm2 ReH TS max. Upper yield strength at highest operating temperature MPa, N/mm2
SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 9 Table 1 (continued) Symbol Term Unit Rm Tensile strength MPa, N/mm2 Rm TS max. Tensile strength at highest operating temperature MPa, N/mm2 Scon Safety factor — STS min. Factor taking into consideration the impact strength reduction due to the minimum operating temperature — STS max. Factor to allow for the reduction in strength due to the highest operating temperature — σ con Initial design stress MPa, N/mm2 TS Operating temperature °C TSmin. Lowest operating temperature °C TSmax. Highest operating temperature °C
a 1 MPa = 10 bar.
NOTE 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 100 kPA = 100 000 PA = 14,5 PSI.
SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 10 4 List of significant hazards See Table 2. This clause contains all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for type of compressors and which requires action to eliminate or reduce the risk. The risk assessment shall be made according to EN 1050. The compressors shall be manufactured in accordance with the principle listed in EN ISO 12100-2 to eliminate or reduce the foreseeable risk. Table 2 — List of significant hazards, hazardous situations, safety requirements and/or measures Significant hazard according to EN 1050 Hazardous situation Safety requirements and/or measures Reference Verification Mechanical
Moving parts Possible injuries to human body Guards 5.2 V Loss of stability Possible injuries at transport and operation Fixing points Lifting points Lifting points 5.3 5.4, 7.3.1 6.2.5 V D / V T Rupture or bursting Possible injuries from ejected parts or fluid Design criteria Strength test Tightness test 5.5 6.2.2, 6.2.3, 6.3.2 6.3.3
D T T V Electrical
Contact live parts Possible injuries from electrocution Design criteria
Earthing Internal wiring High potential test Protection devices 5.6.1, 5.6.2, 5.6.3, 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.6.9 5.6.6 5.6.7 5.6.8,6.2.4, 6.3.4 5.6.10 D
D D T V Electrostatic phenomena Possible injuries from electric shock Earthing
5.6.6 D Thermal
Contact with hot or cold objects Possible injuries to the skin Warning 8.2
SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 11 Table 2 (continued) Significant hazard according to EN 12100-1 Hazardous situation Safety requirements and/or measures Reference Verification Materials and substances
Contact or inhaling gasses Possible injuries from aggressive media at draining Means and instructions Warning 5.7 7.3.2 V V
NOTE Verification methods: V
Visual inspection, verifies the required features of the components T
A test or check verifies that the features provided perform their function in such a way that the requirement is met M
Measurement verifies that requirements are met to the specified limits D
Drawing and / or calculations verify that the design characteristics meet the requirements
SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 12 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Compressors shall comply with the safety requirements and/or measures of this clause. In addition, the compressors shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazard, which are not dealt with by this standard. Furthermore, the refrigerating system which the compressor is part of, shall be in accordance with the requirements of the EN 378 series. As surface temperatures on a refrigerant compressor and the attached parts and piping depend on operating conditions and properties of specific refrigerants, protection shall be provided considering the requirements in EN ISO 13732-1. 5.2 Protection of moving parts Protection shall be provided for moving parts such as automatic drives, fans or indicators of capacity controls by fixed guards according to EN 953. Openings such as slots, holes, etc. shall comply with EN 294. 5.3 Safety to prevent loss of stability Compressors shall be equipped with fixing points to ensure that they shall not tip or fall over during transport and operation. 5.4 Safety during handling Compressors above 25 kg weight shall be equipped with lifting points or arrangement to enable safe lifting, installation and maintenance. Lifting points or arrangements shall be designed for to carry 1,25 times the weight of the compressor allocated to the individual lifting point. NOTE For design it is sufficient to use a factor 2 against deformation and a factor 3 against fracture correlated to vertical lifting. 5.5 Safety to prevent rupture or bursting 5.5.1 General Compressors and associated components shall be designed and manufactured to withstand the pressure and temperatures which can occur during operation, standstill and transportation taking into account the thermal, chemical and mechanical stresses to be expected. The materials shall be selected based upon suitability for the application. The choice of materials and selection of dimensions shall be based on the need for sufficient strength, rigidity and stability to cope with dynamic effects. The ability of the compressor to withstand internal pressure shall be demonstrated by type test (see 6.2) or by individual test (see 6.3). 5.5.2 Pressure requirements The compressor design pressure for standard applications shall be in accordance with the refrigerant saturation pressures corresponding to the temperatures given in EN 378-2 or as specified by the compressor manufacturer. SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 13 For refrigerants and applications not covered by EN 378-2, the maximum allowable pressure PS and the specified maximum allowable standstill pressure PSS shall be specified by the manufacturer in the Instructions for use under consideration of the required application ranges. For further requirements, see 6.2 and 6.3. 5.5.3 Materials 5.5.3.1 General The materials shall be selected to allow for the thermal, chemical and mechanical stresses expected during operation, standstill and transportation throughout the foreseeable life of the compressor parts. Compressor and compressor parts shall comply with the requirements of Annexes B, C, D and E. NOTE Basic design criteria for refrigerant compressors are described in Annex A. 5.5.3.2 Requirements to avoid brittle fracture For compressor and compressor parts with reduced ductility at low temperatures below – 10 °C, the allowable temperature should be reduced according Annex F. Examples are given in Annex E. 5.5.4 Sight glasses If sight glasses are used, safety requirements according to EN 12178 shall apply. 5.5.5 Application of pressure relief devices 5.5.5.1 Protection against discharge shut off valve closed The manufacturer shall protect compressor stages fitted with a shut-off valve between stages and compressors with a nominal swept volume > 90 m3/h (25 l/s) against rupture by incorporating either a compressor overflow device or an external relief device or safety valve. In case of multiple stage compressors, the swept volume of the high pressure stage shall be considered as the ‘nominal swept volume’ for the purposes of this clause. NOTE Internal damage of the compressor from overloading and overheating may result if the overflow device operates. The compressor overflow device shall be sized to relieve the refrigerant flow produced by the compressor at a suction pressure corresponding to 10 °C saturated. If the maximum allowable evaporation temperature differs from the value of 10 °C by more than 5 K then the overflow device shall be sized to the pressure corresponding to that temperature. The compressor overflow device shall relieve to a lower pressure part of the compressor/system or to a special container. Relief devices discharging to atmosphere or external safety valves discharging to the compressor/system shall be in accordance to EN 13136. Bursting discs shall be in accordance with EN 13136:2003, 7.3 and EN ISO 4126-2. The dimensions of the compressor overflow device shall be verified by testing according to 6.2.3. It shall not be possible to isolate compressor overflow devices, relief devices or safety valves. The compressor overflow device shall not be used for system pressure protection. SIST EN 12693:2008
EN 12693:2008 (E) 14 5.5.5.2 Protection against standstill pressure higher than operating pressure In case of CO2, a relief device discharging to the atmosphere shall be used in order to protect the compressor against pressure hig
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