SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024
(Main)Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Part 5-1: Safety considerations for grid-integrated EES systems - General specification (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Part 5-1: Safety considerations for grid-integrated EES systems - General specification (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
IEC 62933-5-1:2024 specifies safety considerations (e.g. hazards identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation) applicable to EES systems integrated with the electrical grid. This document provides criteria to enable the safe application and use of electrical energy storage systems of any type or size intended for grid-integrated applications. This document can be applied to all EESS technologies, but for requirements specific to electrochemical EES systems, reference is also made to IEC 62933-5-2. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 62933-5-1 published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 62933‑5‑1:2017:
a) Revising “should” statements to “shall” statements for all requirements and move some “should” statements clauses to Annex B for informative purposes.
b) Update standard references (normative).
c) Update definitions and add or remove definitions where necessary.
d) Revise criteria in Clause 6 and Clause 7 to be actionable and add standard references where necessary.
e) Revise Clause 8 for more thorough test method and criteria, add tests where necessary.
f) Add markings and instruction criteria.
g) Revise Annex A to add technology safety information on gravitational and thermal EESS.
h) Add Annex B and Annex C for safety considerations for EESS and test method for mechanical EESS.
i) Add informative list of standards and update bibliography.
Elektrische Energiespeichersysteme (EES-Systeme) - Teil 5-1: Sicherheitserwägungen für netzintegrierte EES-Systeme - Allgemeine Spezifikation (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie électrique (EES) - Partie 5-1: Considérations de sécurité pour les systèmes EES intégrés au réseau - Spécifications générales (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
L’IEC 62933-5-1:2024 spécifie les considérations de sécurité (par exemple, l'identification des phénomènes dangereux, l'appréciation du risque, l'atténuation des risques) applicables aux systèmes EES intégrés au réseau électrique. Le présent document fournit des critères qui permettent l'application et l'utilisation sûres des systèmes de stockage de l'énergie électrique de tout type ou de toute taille destinés à des applications intégrées au réseau. Il peut s'appliquer à toutes les technologies EESS. Toutefois, pour les exigences spécifiques aux systèmes EES électrochimiques, se référer également à l’IEC 62933-5-2. Cette première édition annule et remplace la première édition de l’IEC TS 62933-5-1.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'IEC TS 62933‑5‑1:2017:
a) révision des énoncés "il convient" en "doit" pour toutes les exigences et déplacement de certains articles à énoncés "il convient" vers l‘Annexe B à des fins informatives;
b) mise à jour des références (normatives);
c) mise à jour des définitions et ajout ou suppression des définitions si nécessaire;
d) révision des critères de l’Article 6 et de l’Article 7 pour qu’ils soient exploitables et ajout de références normatives si nécessaire;
e) révision de l’Article 8 pour approfondir et compléter la méthode d’essai et les critères, ajout d’essais si nécessaire;
f) ajout de marquages et de critères d’instructions;
g) révision de l’Annexe A en ajoutant des informations sur la sécurité des technologies concernant l’EESS gravitationnel et thermique;
h) ajout de l’Annexe B et de l’Annexe C pour des considérations de sécurité pour les EESS et la méthode d’essai pour les EESS mécaniques;
i) ajout d’une liste informative de normes et mise à jour de la bibliographie.
Električne naprave za shranjevanje energije (EES) - 5-1. del: Varnostni vidiki za sisteme EES, vključene v omrežje - Splošna specifikacija (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
Standard IEC 62933-5-1:2024 določa varnostne vidike (npr. prepoznavanje nevarnosti, ocenjevanje in ublažitev tveganj) za električne naprave za shranjevanje energije (EES), vključene v omrežje. Ta dokument določa merila za omogočanje varne uporabe električnih naprav za shranjevanje energije katere koli vrste ali velikosti, ki so namenjene za vključitev v omrežje. Standard je mogoče uporabiti za vse tehnologije električnih naprav za shranjevanje energije, vendar se v zvezi z zahtevami, ki so specifične za elektrokemične naprave za shranjevanje energije, sklicuje tudi na standard IEC 62933-5-2. Ta prva izdaja razveljavlja in nadomešča prvo izdajo standarda IEC TS 62933-5-1, objavljeno leta 2017. Ta izdaja je tehnično popravljena izdaja.
Ta izdaja v primerjavi s standardom IEC TS 62933-5-1:2017 vključuje naslednje pomembne tehnične spremembe:
a) izjave »bi bilo treba« so bile spremenjene v izjave »je treba« in nekatere izjave »je treba« so bile premaknjene v dodatek B v informativne namene;
b) sklici na standarde (zveze s standardi) so bili posodobljeni;
c) definicije so bile posodobljene in po potrebi dodane oziroma odstranjene;
d) merila v točkah 6 in 7 so bila prenovljena tako, da so izvršljiva, in po potrebi so bili dodani sklici na standarde;
e) točka 8 je bila prenovljena tako, da vključuje natančnejšo preskusno metodo in merila, ter po potrebi je bilo dodanih več preskusov;
f) dodana so bila merila za označevanje in navodila;
g) dodatek A je bil prenovljen tako, da vsebuje informacije o varnosti tehnologije v zvezi z gravitacijskimi in toplotnimi električnimi napravami za shranjevanje energije;
h) dodana sta bila dodatka B in C, ki vsebujeta varnostne vidike električnih naprav za shranjevanje energije in preskusno metodo za mehanske električne naprave za shranjevanje energije;
i) dodan je bil informativni seznam standardov in literatura je bila posodobljena.
General Information
Overview
EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 - Electrical energy storage (EES) systems, Part 5-1 - is the European adoption of IEC 62933-5-1:2024. It provides a general specification of safety considerations for grid‑integrated EES systems, defining hazard identification, risk assessment and required risk‑mitigation measures for EES installations of any size or technology. This first edition replaces the 2017 TS and contains technical revisions to make requirements actionable, add test methods, update normative references, and include marking and instruction criteria.
Key topics and requirements
- Hazard identification and classification
- Electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire, chemical, explosion and electromagnetic hazards.
- Risk assessment and risk reduction
- Structured approach to evaluate system architecture, storage conditions, grid type, vulnerable elements, unattended operation and unintentional islanding.
- Technical requirements
- Actionable ("shall") requirements for design, protection, control and safety functions.
- Updated test methods and pass/fail criteria for safety verification.
- Testing and verification
- Revised Clause 8 with more thorough test methods; new tests added where necessary.
- Annexes include test methods for mechanical EES (informative) and other technology‑specific guidance.
- Marking, instructions and documentation
- Mandatory marking and user/operator instruction criteria to support safe operation and maintenance.
- Technology coverage
- Applicable to all EESS technologies (electrochemical, mechanical, thermal, gravitational). For electrochemical‑specific requirements see IEC 62933‑5‑2.
- Standards integration
- Incorporates updated normative references to many IEC/ISO standards (listed in Annex ZA) to ensure compatibility with EMC, fire testing, insulation coordination, functional safety and installation practices.
Applications and who uses it
EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 is intended for stakeholders involved in the lifecycle of grid‑integrated energy storage:
- System designers and integrators - to design safe EES architectures and protection schemes.
- Manufacturers and component suppliers - for product safety requirements, markings and test evidence.
- Test laboratories and certification bodies - to apply the standard test methods and criteria.
- Project developers, installers and operators - to perform risk assessments, commissioning and maintenance planning.
- Regulators, utilities and asset owners - to assess compliance, siting and safe grid interconnection.
Practical uses include safety case development, commissioning protocols, maintenance procedures, vendor selection, and conformity assessment for grid‑connected storage projects.
Related standards
Relevant companion standards referenced by EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 include:
- IEC 62933-1 (vocabulary)
- IEC 62933-5-2 (electrochemical EES systems)
- EMC, fire, insulation and functional safety standards (see Annex ZA for IEC/EN references such as IEC 60664‑1, IEC 61000 series, ISO 12100).
Keywords: EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024, electrical energy storage, EES systems, grid‑integrated, safety considerations, risk assessment, test methods, electrochemical EES.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Part 5-1: Safety considerations for grid-integrated EES systems - General specification (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)". This standard covers: IEC 62933-5-1:2024 specifies safety considerations (e.g. hazards identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation) applicable to EES systems integrated with the electrical grid. This document provides criteria to enable the safe application and use of electrical energy storage systems of any type or size intended for grid-integrated applications. This document can be applied to all EESS technologies, but for requirements specific to electrochemical EES systems, reference is also made to IEC 62933-5-2. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 62933-5-1 published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 62933‑5‑1:2017: a) Revising “should” statements to “shall” statements for all requirements and move some “should” statements clauses to Annex B for informative purposes. b) Update standard references (normative). c) Update definitions and add or remove definitions where necessary. d) Revise criteria in Clause 6 and Clause 7 to be actionable and add standard references where necessary. e) Revise Clause 8 for more thorough test method and criteria, add tests where necessary. f) Add markings and instruction criteria. g) Revise Annex A to add technology safety information on gravitational and thermal EESS. h) Add Annex B and Annex C for safety considerations for EESS and test method for mechanical EESS. i) Add informative list of standards and update bibliography.
IEC 62933-5-1:2024 specifies safety considerations (e.g. hazards identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation) applicable to EES systems integrated with the electrical grid. This document provides criteria to enable the safe application and use of electrical energy storage systems of any type or size intended for grid-integrated applications. This document can be applied to all EESS technologies, but for requirements specific to electrochemical EES systems, reference is also made to IEC 62933-5-2. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 62933-5-1 published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 62933‑5‑1:2017: a) Revising “should” statements to “shall” statements for all requirements and move some “should” statements clauses to Annex B for informative purposes. b) Update standard references (normative). c) Update definitions and add or remove definitions where necessary. d) Revise criteria in Clause 6 and Clause 7 to be actionable and add standard references where necessary. e) Revise Clause 8 for more thorough test method and criteria, add tests where necessary. f) Add markings and instruction criteria. g) Revise Annex A to add technology safety information on gravitational and thermal EESS. h) Add Annex B and Annex C for safety considerations for EESS and test method for mechanical EESS. i) Add informative list of standards and update bibliography.
SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.020.30 - Environmental impact assessment; 27.010 - Energy and heat transfer engineering in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2024
Električne naprave za shranjevanje energije (EES) - 5-1. del: Varnostni vidiki za
sisteme EES, vključene v omrežje - Splošna specifikacija (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Part 5-1: Safety considerations for grid-
integrated EES systems - General specification (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
Elektrische Energiespeichersysteme (EES-Systeme) - Teil 5-1: Sicherheitserwägungen
für netzintegrierte EES-Systeme - Allgemeine Spezifikation (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie électrique (EES) - Partie 5-1: Considérations de
sécurité pour les systèmes EES intégrés au réseau - Spécifications générales (IEC
62933-5-1:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024
ICS:
27.010 Prenos energije in toplote na Energy and heat transfer
splošno engineering in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62933-5-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2024
ICS 13.020.30
English Version
Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Part 5-1: Safety
considerations for grid-integrated EES systems - General
specification
(IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie électrique (EES) - Partie Elektrische Energiespeichersysteme (EES-Systeme) - Teil
5-1: Considérations de sécurité pour les systèmes EES 5-1: Sicherheitserwägungen für netzintegrierte EES-
intégrés au réseau - Spécifications générales Systeme - Allgemeine Spezifikation
(IEC 62933-5-1:2024) (IEC 62933-5-1:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2024-09-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 E
European foreword
The text of document 120/368/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62933-5-1, prepared by TC 120 "Electrical
Energy Storage (EES) systems" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2025-06-03
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2027-09-03
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62933-5-1:2024 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 60079-0 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60079-0
IEC 60079-10-1 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60079-10-1
IEC 60079-10-2 NOTE Approved as EN 60079-10-2
IEC 60085 NOTE Approved as EN 60085
IEC 60127-1 NOTE Approved as EN 60127-1
IEC 60309 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60309 series
IEC 60317 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60317 series
IEC 60335-2-40 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60335-2-40
IEC 60691 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60691
IEC 60730-1 NOTE Approved as EN 60730-1
IEC 60730-2-8 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60730-2-8
IEC 60738-1 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60738-1
IEC 60812:2018 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60812:2018 (not modified)
IEC 60896-11 NOTE Approved as EN 60896-11
IEC 60896-21 NOTE Approved as EN 60896-21
IEC 60896-22 NOTE Approved as EN 60896-22
IEC 60947-1 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60947-1
IEC 60947-7 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60947-7 series
IEC 60999-1 NOTE Approved as EN 60999-1
IEC 60999-2 NOTE Approved as EN 60999-2
IEC 61000 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61000 series
IEC 61025:2006 NOTE Approved as EN 61025:2007 (not modified)
IEC 61058-1 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61058-1
IEC 61140 NOTE Approved as EN 61140
IEC 61204-7 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61204-7
IEC 61508-1 NOTE Approved as EN 61508-1
IEC 61508-4:2010 NOTE Approved as EN 61508-4:2010 (not modified)
IEC 61558-1 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61558-1
IEC 61558-2-16 NOTE Approved as EN 61558-2-16
IEC 61643-11 NOTE Approved as EN 61643-11
IEC 61643-331 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61643-331
IEC 61810-1 NOTE Approved as EN 61810-1
IEC 61882:2016 NOTE Approved as EN 61882:2016 (not modified)
IEC 61984 NOTE Approved as EN 61984
IEC 62271 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62271 series
IEC 62282-3-100 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62282-3-100
IEC 62351 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62351 series
IEC 62368-1:2018 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62368-1:2020 (not modified) +A11:2020
IEC 62485-1:2015 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62485-1:2018 (not modified)
IEC 62619 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62619
IEC 62932-2-2 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62932-2-2
IEC 62984-2 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62984-2
IEC 62990-2 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62990-2
IEC 63056 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 63056
IEC 63115-2 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 63115-2
ISO 12944 series NOTE Approved as EN ISO 12944 series
ISO 13732-1:2006 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 13732-1:2008 (not modified)
ISO 13850:2015 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 13850:2015 (not modified)
ISO 13857:2019 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 13857:2019 (not modified)
ISO 19353:2019 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 19353:2019 (not modified)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60068-2-52 - Environmental testing - Part 2-52: Tests - EN IEC 60068-2-52 -
Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride
solution)
IEC 60079-2 2014 Explosive atmospheres - Part 2: EN 60079-2 2014
Equipment protection by pressurized
enclosure "p"
IEC 60204-1 - Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment EN 60204-1 -
of machines - Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60204-11 - Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment EN IEC 60204-11 -
of machines - Part 11: Requirements for
equipment for voltages above 1 000 V AC
or 1 500 V DC and not exceeding 36 kV
IEC 60364 series Low-voltage electrical installations HD 60364 series
IEC 60364-4-41 2005 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4- HD 60364-4-41 2017
41: Protection for safety - Protection
against electric shock
+ A1 2017 - -
- - + A11 2017
- - + A12 2019
IEC 60364-4-43 - Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4- HD 60364-4-43 -
43: Protection for safety - Protection
against overcurrent
IEC 60364-4-44 - Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4- HD 60364-4-442 -
44: Protection for safety - Protection
against voltage disturbances and
electromagnetic disturbances
IEC 60364-6 2016 Low voltage electrical installations - Part 6: HD 60364-6 2016
Verification
- - + A11 2017
- - + A12 2017
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
- - + AC 2017-11
IEC 60529 - Degrees of protection provided by EN 60529 -
enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60664-1 2020 Insulation coordination for equipment EN IEC 60664-1 2020
within low-voltage supply systems - Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695-11-10 - Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test EN 60695-11-10 -
flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame
test methods
IEC 60730-1 2022 Automatic electrical controls - Part 1: EN IEC 60730-1 2024
General requirements
IEC 60730-2-9 - Automatic electrical controls - Part 2-9: EN IEC 60730-2-9 -
Particular requirements for temperature
sensing control
IEC 60947-5-1 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN 60947-5-1 -
Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and
switching elements - Electromechanical
control circuit devices
IEC 61000-1-2 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-1-2 -
1-2: General - Methodology for the
achievement of functional safety of
electrical and electronic systems including
equipment with regard to electromagnetic
phenomena
IEC 61000-6-1 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN IEC 61000-6-1 -
6-1: Generic standards - Immunity
standard for residential, commercial and
light-industrial environments
IEC 61000-6-2 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN IEC 61000-6-2 -
6-2: Generic standards - Immunity
standard for industrial environments
IEC 61000-6-3 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN IEC 61000-6-3 -
6-3: Generic standards - Emission
standard for equipment in residential
environments
IEC 61000-6-4 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN IEC 61000-6-4 -
6-4: Generic standards - Emission
standard for industrial environments
IEC 61000-6-5 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-6-5 -
6-5: Generic standards - Immunity for
equipment used in power station and
substation environment
IEC 61000-6-7 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part EN 61000-6-7 -
6-7: Generic standards - Immunity
requirements for equipment intended to
perform functions in a safety-related
system (functional safety) in industrial
locations
IEC/TR 61340-1 - Electrostatics - Part 1: Electrostatic - -
phenomena - Principles and
measurements
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 61439-1 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear EN IEC 61439-1 -
assemblies - Part 1: General rules
IEC 61508 series Functional safety of EN 61508 series
electrical/electronic/programmable
electronic safety-related systems
IEC 61511 series Functional safety - Safety instrumented EN 61511 series
systems for the process industry sector
IEC 61936-1 - Power installations exceeding 1 kV AC and EN IEC 61936-1 -
1,5 kV DC - Part 1: AC
IEC/TS 61936-2 - Power installations exceeding 1 kV a.c. - -
and 1,5 kV d.c. - Part 2: d.c.
IEC 62061 - Safety of machinery - Functional safety of EN IEC 62061 -
safety-related control systems
IEC 62109-1 - Safety of power converters for use in EN 62109-1 -
photovoltaic power systems - Part 1:
General requirements
IEC 62109-2 - Safety of power converters for use in EN 62109-2 -
photovoltaic power systems - Part 2:
Particular requirements for inverters
IEC 62116 2014 Utility-interconnected photovoltaic inverters EN 62116 2014
- Test procedure of islanding prevention
measures
IEC 62305-2 - Protection against lightning - Part 2: Risk EN 62305-2 -
management
IEC 62443-3-3 - Industrial communication networks - EN IEC 62443-3-3 -
Network and system security - Part 3-3:
System security requirements and security
levels
IEC 62477-1 2022 Safety requirements for power electronic EN IEC 62477-1 2023
converter systems and equipment - Part 1:
General
IEC 62477-2 - Safety requirements for power electronic EN IEC 62477-2 -
converter systems and equipment - Part 2:
Power electronic converters from 1 000 V
AC or 1 500 V DC up to 36 kV AC or 54 kV
DC
IEC 62689-2 - Current and voltage sensors or detectors, EN 62689-2 -
to be used for fault passage indication
purposes - Part 2: System aspects
IEC 62909-1 - Bi-directional grid connected power EN IEC 62909-1 -
converters - Part 1: General requirements
IEC 62909-2 - Bi-directional grid-connected power EN IEC 62909-2 -
converters - Part 2: Interface of GCPC and
distributed energy resources
IEC 62933-1 - Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - EN IEC 62933-1 -
Part 1: Vocabulary
IEC 62933-5-2 - Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - EN IEC 62933-5-2 -
Part 5-2: Safety requirements for grid-
integrated EES systems - Electrochemical-
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
based systems
ISO 1182 - Reaction to fire tests for products - Non- EN ISO 1182 -
combustibility test
ISO 7010 - Graphical symbols_- Safety colours and - -
safety signs - Registered safety signs
ISO 12100 2010 Safety of machinery - General principles EN ISO 12100 2010
for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction
ISO 13849 series Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts EN ISO 13849 series
of control systems
ISO 15649 - Petroleum and natural gas industries - - -
Piping
ASME B31.1 - Code for Pressure Piping, Section 1: - -
Power Piping
ASME B31.3 - Code for Pressure Piping, Section 3: - -
Process piping
IEEE Std 1547.1 2020 Standard Conformance Test Procedures - -
for Equipment Interconnecting Distributed
Energy Resources with Electric Power
Systems and Associated Interfaces
IEC 62933-5-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2024-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
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inside
Electrical energy storage (EES) systems –
Part 5-1: Safety considerations for grid-integrated EES systems – General
specification
Systèmes de stockage de l'énergie électrique (EES) –
Partie 5-1: Considérations de sécurité pour les systèmes EES intégrés au
réseau – Spécifications générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.020.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-9374-4
– 2 – IEC 62933-5-1:2024 © IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 Basic approach for safety considerations of EES systems . 16
5 Hazard considerations for EES systems . 17
5.1 Electrical hazards . 17
5.2 Mechanical hazards . 17
5.3 Energy hazards . 17
5.3.1 Explosion hazards . 17
5.3.2 Hazards arising from electrical, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields . 18
5.4 Fire hazards. 18
5.5 Temperature hazards . 18
5.6 Chemical hazards . 18
5.7 Unsuitable working conditions . 18
6 EESS risk assessment. 19
6.1 EESS structure . 19
6.1.1 General characteristics . 19
6.1.2 Specific characteristics . 19
6.2 Description of storage conditions . 20
6.2.1 Types of grids, applications and locations . 20
6.2.2 Vulnerable elements . 20
6.2.3 Special provisions for EES systems in generally accessible locations . 21
6.2.4 Sources of external aggression . 21
6.2.5 Unattended operation . 21
6.2.6 Unintentional islanding . 21
6.3 Risk analysis . 21
6.3.1 General . 21
6.3.2 Components . 22
6.3.3 Risk considerations . 22
6.3.4 System level risk analysis . 23
7 Requirements necessary to reduce risks . 24
7.1 General measures to reduce risks . 24
7.2 Preventive measures against damage to neighbouring inhabitants . 26
7.3 Safety-related design review . 26
7.3.1 General . 26
7.3.2 Initial safety design review . 27
7.3.3 Subsequent design revisions . 27
7.4 Preventive measures against damage to workers and other persons at risk . 27
7.4.1 Protection from electrical hazards . 27
7.4.2 Protection from mechanical hazards . 30
7.4.3 Protection from high pressure hazards. 30
7.4.4 Protection from explosive atmosphere hazards . 31
7.4.5 Protection from hazards arising from electric, magnetic, and
electromagnetic fields . 32
IEC 62933-5-1:2024 © IEC 2024 – 3 –
7.4.6 Protection from fire hazards . 32
7.4.7 Protection from thermal hazards . 33
7.4.8 Protection from chemical hazards . 34
7.4.9 Protection from workplace hazards . 35
7.4.10 Staff training . 36
7.5 EESS disconnection and shutdown . 36
7.5.1 General . 36
7.5.2 Grid-disconnected state . 37
7.5.3 Stopped state . 38
7.5.4 EESS shutdown . 38
7.5.5 Partial disconnection . 38
7.5.6 Equipment guidelines for emergency shutdown . 38
7.6 Cyber security . 39
7.7 Remote monitoring and unattended operation . 39
8 System testing . 40
8.1 General . 40
8.2 Validation and testing of EESS – Electrical hazards . 42
8.2.1 General . 42
8.2.2 Accessibility to hazardous live parts . 42
8.2.3 Protection from exposure to moisture and pollution . 42
8.2.4 Electrical insulation and protection against electrical shock tests . 43
8.2.5 Protection against out of normal operation range tests . 45
8.2.6 Anti-islanding . 47
8.3 Validation and testing of EESS – Mechanical hazards . 47
8.3.1 Enclosure strength against impact . 47
8.3.2 Enclosure strength against static force . 48
8.3.3 Containment of hazardous moving parts . 48
8.3.4 Mounting means and handle robust test . 48
8.3.5 Impact and vibration during transportation and seismic events . 49
8.4 Validation and testing of EESS – Fluid hazards (high or low temperature,
high pressure, flammable, corrosive, caustic, or toxic) . 49
8.4.1 General . 49
8.4.2 Hazardous fluid containing parts strength test . 49
8.4.3 Hazardous fluid containing parts leakage test . 50
8.4.4 Start-to-discharge pressure test . 51
8.5 Validation and testing of EESS – Explosion and combustible concentrations
hazards . 52
8.5.1 Gas detection and off-gas detection . 52
8.5.2 Mechanical ventilation evaluation . 52
8.6 Validation and testing of EESS – Hazards arising from electric, magnetic
and electromagnetic fields . 52
8.7 Validation and testing of EESS – Fire propagation hazards . 53
8.8 Validation and testing of EESS – Temperature hazards . 53
8.8.1 General . 53
8.8.2 Containment of hazardous temperature (low or high) fluids . 53
8.8.3 Temperature under normal operation tests . 53
8.9 Validation and testing of EESS – Chemical effects . 53
8.9.1 Strength tests . 53
8.9.2 Leakage tests . 53
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8.10 Validation and testing of EESS – Hazards arising from the environment . 54
8.10.1 General . 54
8.10.2 Ingress of moisture . 54
8.10.3 Exposure to marine environments . 54
8.11 Validation and testing of EESS – Hazards arising from auxiliary, control and
communication subsystem malfunctions . 54
8.11.1 General . 54
8.11.2 Auxiliary system malfunction . 55
8.11.3 EES control subsystem malfunction . 57
8.11.4 EESS internal communication malfunction . 58
8.11.5 EESS external communication malfunction . 59
9 Instruction manuals and guidelines . 59
9.1 General . 59
9.2 Installation manual . 60
9.3 Maintenance manual . 61
9.3.1 General . 61
9.3.2 Personal protective equipment (PPE) guidelines . 61
9.4 Operator manual . 61
9.5 Emergency procedure manual . 62
9.6 First response manual . 62
10 Markings and signage . 63
10.1 General . 63
10.2 Nameplate . 63
10.3 Cautionary markings and signage . 63
Annex A (informative) Main risks of different storage technologies . 64
A.1 General . 64
A.2 Pumped hydro storage . 64
A.3 Flywheel . 65
A.4 Gravitational EESS . 65
A.5 Battery energy storage systems . 66
A.6 Hydrogen and synthetic natural gas . 66
A.7 Thermal EESS technologies . 67
A.8 Other EESS technologies . 68
Annex B (informative) Safety considerations . 69
B.1 General . 69
B.2 Electrical hazards . 69
B.3 Mechanical hazards . 70
B.4 Energy hazards . 70
B.4.1 Explosion hazards . 70
B.4.2 Hazards arising from electrical, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields . 71
B.5 Fire hazards. 71
B.6 Temperature hazards . 72
B.7 Chemical hazards . 73
B.8 Unsuitable working conditions . 73
Annex C (normative) Test methods for mechanical EESS using a flywheel
accumulation subsystem . 74
C.1 General . 74
C.2 Purpose . 74
C.3 Requirement . 74
IEC 62933-5-1:2024 © IEC 2024 – 5 –
C.4 Method . 74
Annex D (informative) Component safety standards . 75
Bibliography . 78
Figure 1 – General description of the approach to address hazards in EES systems . 17
Figure 2 – Iterative checking sequence in general risk assessment procedures . 24
Figure 3 – General risk reduction measures to minimize hazards . 25
Figure 4 – Damage propagation from a contained incident to a major incident, and
layered measures to minimize damage . 25
Figure 5 – Initial safety design review and design revision . 27
Figure 6 – Examples of different EESS architectures . 37
Figure 7 – EESS architecture in the two main EESS configurations . 41
Figure B.1 – Islanding of the EESS . 70
Table 1 – EESS characteristics for risk assessment consideration . 20
Table 2 – Test parameters for the strength test . 50
Table 3 – Test parameters for the leakage test . 51
Table A.1 – Main risk scenarios for pumped hydro storage . 64
Table A.2 – Main risk scenarios for flywheel . 65
Table A.3 – Main risk scenarios for gravitational EESS . 66
Table A.4 – Main risk scenarios for hydrogen storage . 67
Table A.5 – Main risk scenarios for thermal EESS storage . 68
Table D.1 – Examples of component safety standards for use in EESS. 75
– 6 – IEC 62933-5-1:2024 © IEC 2024
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE (EES) SYSTEMS –
Part 5-1: Safety considerations for grid-integrated EES systems –
General specification
FOREWORD
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62933-5-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee TC 120: Electrical Energy
Storage (EES) systems. It is an International Standard.
This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 62933-5-1 published in 2017.
This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
IEC TS 62933-5-1:2017:
a) Revising “should” statements to “shall” statements for all requirements and move some
“should” statements clauses to Annex B for informative purposes.
b) Update standard references (normative).
c) Update definitions and add or remove definitions where necessary.
IEC 62933-5-1:2024 © IEC 2024 – 7 –
d) Revise criteria in Clause 6 and Clause 7 to be actionable and add standard references
where necessary.
e) Revise Clause 8 for more thorough test method and criteria, add tests where necessary.
f) Add markings and instruction criteria.
g) Revise Annex A to add technology safety information on gravitational and thermal EESS.
h) Add Annex B and Annex C for safety considerations for EESS and test method for
mechanical EESS.
i) Add informative list of standards and update bibliography.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
120/368/FDIS 120/377/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62933 series, published under the general title Electrical energy
storage (EES) systems, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
– 8 – IEC 62933-5-1:2024 © IEC 2024
INTRODUCTION
Many governments' plans for how electricity will be generated and managed in the future have
been determined. Such current plans cannot be implemented without long-term storage with
capacities in the large scale range.
There are a number of types of storage technologies that have emerged. Examples of these
technologies are pumped hydro storage (PHS), electrochemical batteries, flywheel storage
systems and hydrogen and synthetic natural gas (SNG). Pumped hydro storage has been widely
used in terms of the total amount of stored energy. A flywheel is a model of kinetic energy
storage with a high power density, excellent cycle stability and long life. While some flywheels
are intended for short term operation, others can operate over longer periods of time of up to a
few hours. Batteries require development primarily to decrease cost, and for some technologies
to increase energy density as well. Hydrogen and synthetic natural gas (SNG) added to natural
gas are likely to be essential elements of future electric grids because of their energy storage
duration and capacity. Hydrogen and SNG should be further researched and developed across
a broad front, including physical facilities, interactions with existing uses of gas for supply and
distribution network, optimal chemical processes, safety, reliability and efficiency. The IEC
White Paper on electrical energy storage can provide further background information
concerning EES systems.
For mature EES systems, various IEC standards exist, covering technical features, testing and
system integration. For other technologies, there are only a few standards, covering special
topics.
Up to now no general standard addressing safety for EESS integration into an electrical grid
has been developed.
The rapid growth and the new technologies involved in electrical energy storage in the near
future, as well as their installation by consumers will impose particular requirements for safety.
At the same time, society and governments will need assurance of safety before the much-
needed systems can be deployed.
This document stands as a decisive step towards the gradual alignment with specific
technologies and applications concerning the safety of packaged or site-assembled grid-
integrated EESS.
Additional criteria specific to electrochemical type electrical energy storage (EES) systems are
given in IEC 6293
...
La norme SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 aborde des considérations de sécurité essentielles pour les systèmes de stockage d'énergie électrique (EES) intégrés au réseau électrique. Son champ d'application vise à garantir la sécurité de l'application et de l'utilisation de systèmes de stockage d'énergie électrique de toutes tailles, adaptés aux applications intégrées au réseau. Grâce à des critères détaillés relatifs à l'identification des dangers, à l'évaluation des risques et à leur atténuation, cette norme se positionne comme un document fondamental pour le secteur. Parmi les forces de cette norme, on trouve la révision des recommandations, où les déclarations "devraient" ont été renforcées en "doivent", rendant les exigences plus contraignantes et claires pour les acteurs du secteur. Cette précision est essentielle pour garantir la conformité et la sécurité des systèmes EES dans des contextes variés. De plus, l'actualisation des références normatives et la mise à jour des définitions renforcent la pertinence de la norme face aux évolutions technologiques récentes. Les critères d'actionnalité révisés dans les clauses 6 et 7 offrent une meilleure direction pour l'implémentation des normes de sécurité, tandis que les améliorations apportées à la méthode d'essai et aux critères de la clause 8 assurent des évaluations plus rigoureuses des systèmes EES. L'ajout de critères de marquage et d'instructions ainsi que les informations de sécurité supplémentaires sur les systèmes EESS gravitationnels et thermiques dans l'Annexe A étoffent davantage le contenu de la norme. Enfin, l'inclusion d'annexes B et C relatives aux considérations de sécurité et aux méthodes d'essai pour les EESS mécaniques témoigne de l'engagement de cette norme à couvrir une gamme variée de technologies EES. L'ajout d'une liste informative de normes et la mise à jour de la bibliographie contribuent également à la complétude et à l'utilité de ce document pour les professionnels du secteur. Dans l'ensemble, la norme SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 se révèle être une ressource précieuse pour soutenir le développement de systèmes de stockage d'énergie électrique sûrs et efficaces, intégrés au réseau électrique.
SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024は、電力網に統合された電気エネルギー貯蔵（EES）システムの安全性を考慮した重要な基準を提供しています。この文書は、EESシステムの安全な適用と使用を実現するための基準を確立し、様々なタイプやサイズのEESシステムに適用可能であることが明記されています。特に、リスク評価やリスク軽減に関するハザードの特定の方法を詳細に記述しており、電力網に接続されるすべてのEES技術に対して包括的な安全ガイドラインを提供します。 この標準の強みは、「should」から「shall」への要件の書き換えにより、法的拘束力のある要件の明確化を図っている点です。これにより、安全基準を遵守することがより重要視され、EESシステムの設計や導入において高い安全性が確保されます。また、第6条と第7条の基準の見直しによって、実行可能な基準が設定され、基準を適用する際のクリアなガイドラインが提供されています。 さらに、安定したテスト手法と基準の更新や、必要に応じて新たなテスト方法の追加も行われており、これにより性能の一貫性が保証されます。特に、力学EESのテスト方法についての新たな基準が示されており、これにより異なるEES技術間の比較が容易になります。 また、附属書Aでは、重力や熱に関連するEESの技術的安全情報が追加され、附属書BおよびCでは、EESの安全性に関する考慮事項とメカニカルEESのテスト方法が示されています。これにより、各技術の特性に応じた安全性の確保が可能となります。 全体として、SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024は、電力網統合型EESシステムの安全性を確保するための非常に重要な基準であり、業界全体での適用においてその重要性が増しています。この標準は、EESシステムの進化に伴う新たな課題に対処するための強固な基礎を提供しており、継続的な技術革新に対する信頼性のあるフレームワークを形成します。
SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024는 전력망 통합 전기 에너지 저장 시스템(EES 시스템)의 안전 고려 사항을 규명하는 중요한 문서입니다. 이 표준은 전기 그리드와 통합된 EES 시스템에 적용할 수 있는 위험 식별, 위험 평가 및 위험 완화와 같은 여러 안전 고려 사항을 세부적으로 설명하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 주요 강점 중 하나는 다양한 유형과 크기의 전기 에너지 저장 시스템이 안전하게 적용되고 사용할 수 있도록 하는 기준을 제공한다는 점입니다. 이를 통해 전력망과 통합된 EES 시스템의 안전성을 높일 수 있으며, 기술이 진화함에 따라 발생할 수 있는 새로운 위험 요소들을 체계적으로 관리할 수 있습니다. 주요 기술 변경 사항으로는 'should' 문장을 'shall' 문장으로 수정하여 요구 사항의 의무성을 강화한 점과 부록 B에서 정보 제공을 위한 일부 'should' 문장 조항을 이동한 점이 있습니다. 또한, 조항 6 및 조항 7의 기준을 실행 가능하도록 수정하고, 필요한 경우 표준 참고자료를 추가하여 문서의 활용성을 높였습니다. 이 표준은 전기 화학적 EES 시스템에 대한 특정 요구 사항을 다루기 위해 IEC 62933-5-2을 참조하고 있으며, 이는 EES 기술의 포괄적인 적용을 가능하게 합니다. 또한, 구조적인 안전 정보를 포함한 부록 A와 기계적 EES 테스트 방법을 위한 부록 C도 추가되어 전반적인 안전성 기준이 한층 강화되었습니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024는 EES 시스템의 안전을 위한 필수 기준을 명확히 규명함으로써, 안전한 에너지 저장 솔루션의 개발 및 배치를 지원하는 중추적인 역할을 하고 있습니다. 전기 그리드와 통합된 EES 시스템의 안전성 확보는 지속 가능한 에너지 전환을 위한 중요한 요소이며, 이 표준의 활용은 앞으로의 에너지 저장 기술 발전에 큰 기여를 할 것입니다.
Die Norm SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 behandelt äußerst relevante Sicherheitsaspekte für netzintegrierte Systeme zur elektrischen Energiespeicherung (EES). Der Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm ist klar definiert. Sie legt Sicherheitsüberlegungen fest, die für EES-Systeme gelten, die mit dem elektrischen Netz verbunden sind. Dazu gehört die Identifizierung von Gefahren, Risikobewertungen und Maßnahmen zur Risikominderung. Die Standardisierung ermöglicht eine sichere Anwendung und Nutzung von elektrischen Energiespeichersystemen jeglicher Art und Größe, die für netzintegrierte Anwendungen bestimmt sind. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Norm ist die Aktualisierung und Revision spezifischer Anforderungen: Durch die Überarbeitung der Formulierungen von "should" zu "shall" wird die Verbindlichkeit von Anforderungen deutlich gestärkt. Dies fördert ein höheres Maß an Sicherheit und Verlässlichkeit der Systeme. Des Weiteren werden in den überarbeiteten Kriterien in den Paragraphen 6 und 7 Maßnahmen eingefügt, die umsetzbar sind, was die praktische Anwendung der Norm erleichtert. Die Norm enthält umfassende technische Änderungen, die eine differenziertere Herangehensweise an Testmethoden (Paragraph 8) und spezifische Sicherheitsinformationen für verschiedene Technologien (Anhang A) anbieten. Die Hinzufügung von Anhängen B und C, die Sicherheitsüberlegungen für EES sowie Testmethoden für mechanische EES umfassen, verbessert die Informationslage und Orientierung für die Anwender erheblich. Darüber hinaus sorgt die Aktualisierung von Definitionen und Referenzen für ein konsistentes Verständnis der Inhalte. Die normativen Verweise sind angepasster und auf den neuesten Stand gebracht worden, was zu einer verbesserten Integration von internationalen Standards beiträgt. Insgesamt stellt die SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 eine bedeutende Richtlinie für die Sicherheit von elektrischen Energiespeicherungssystemen dar und trägt entscheidend zur Förderung von sicherheitsbewussten Praktiken innerhalb der Branche bei. Die Relevanz dieser Norm wird durch die fortschreitende Integration von EES in das elektrische Netz unterstrichen, was erhöhte Anforderungen an die Sicherheit und den Betrieb dieser Systeme mit sich bringt.
The SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 standard provides a comprehensive framework addressing safety considerations for grid-integrated electrical energy storage (EES) systems. The scope of the standard is well-defined, focusing on hazards identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation specifically for EES systems that interact with the electrical grid. This ensures that safety protocols are established regardless of the type or size of the system, enabling the safe application and usage of EES technologies across the board. One of the strengths of this standard is its proactive approach to safety, effectively revising previous "should" requirements to "shall" mandates. This change enhances the clarity and enforceability of safety requirements, ensuring that all stakeholders are held to a higher standard for risk management. Furthermore, the technical revisions made from the previous edition demonstrate a commitment to continuous improvement, including actionable criteria in Clauses 6 and 7 and more rigorous test methods outlined in Clause 8. Additionally, the inclusion of comprehensive markings and instruction criteria emphasizes the importance of operator awareness and education, which are critical components in promoting safety for grid-integrated EES systems. The addition of new annexes, specifically for technology safety regarding gravitational and thermal EES as well as mechanical EES, significantly broadens the standard's applicability. This ensures that stakeholders have access to a wealth of knowledge regarding best practices for safety considerations across various EES technologies. Lastly, the updated definitions and references reflect current industry standards, making the document not only relevant but also essential for compliance in the rapidly evolving field of electrical energy storage. The standard's informative list of standards and updated bibliography further supports its utility as a reliable resource for practitioners seeking in-depth guidance on safety protocols for grid-integrated EES systems. Overall, SIST EN IEC 62933-5-1:2024 is a vital standard that addresses critical safety challenges in the implementation and operation of electrical energy storage systems within the electrical grid context.
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