CEN/TC 191 - Fixed firefighting systems

This document specifies fire testing requirements for water mist systems used for fire protection of machinery in enclosures with volumes exceeding 260 m³.

This document specifies requirements for the construction and performance of residential sprinklers as well as test methods for their type approval, which are operated by a change of state of an element or bursting of a glass bulb under the influence of heat, for use only in automatic sprinkler systems for domestic and residential applications as defined in EN 16925:− .
This standard does not cover representative fire and other tests for special sprinklers that are intended to provide for specific fire hazards, nor does it cover fire and other tests for sprinklers for commercial and industrial sprinkler systems as in EN 12845. Those test requirements are covered by EN 12259-1.
NOTE 1   All pressure data in this European Standard are given as gauge pressures in bar.
NOTE 2    Sprinklers according to EN12259-1 can also be used in residential and domestic applications if the system is designed according to EN 12845.

This document specifies fire testing requirements for water mist systems used for fire protection of machinery in enclosures with volumes not exceeding 260 m³.

This European Standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation and maintenance of fixed fire sprinkler systems in buildings and industrial plants, and particular requirements for sprinkler systems that are integral to measures for the protection of life.
This European Standard covers only the types of sprinkler specified in EN 12259 1 (see Annex L).
The requirements and recommendations of this European Standard are also applicable to any addition, extension, repair or other modification to a sprinkler system. They are not applicable to water spray or deluge systems.
It covers the classification of hazards, provision of water supplies, components to be used, installation and testing of the system, maintenance, and the extension of existing systems, and identifies construction details of buildings which are the minimum necessary for satisfactory performance of sprinkler systems complying with this European Standard.
This European Standard does not cover water supplies to systems other than sprinklers. Its requirements can be used as guidance for other fixed firefighting extinguishing systems, provided that any specific requirements for other firefighting extinguishing supplies are taken into account.
This European Standard is intended for use by those concerned with purchasing, designing, installing, testing, inspecting, approving, operating and maintaining automatic sprinkler systems, in order that such equipment will function as intended throughout its life.
This European Standard is intended only for fixed fire sprinkler systems in buildings and other premises on land. Although the general principles might well apply to other uses (e.g. maritime use). For these other uses additional considerations should be taken into account.
The requirements are not valid for automatic sprinkler systems on ships, in aircraft, on vehicles and mobile fire appliances or for below ground systems in the mining industry.
Sprinkler system design deviations might be allowed when such deviations have been shown to provide a level of protection at least equivalent to this European Standard, for example by means of full-scale fire testing where appropriate, and where the design criteria have been fully documented.

This document specifies fire testing requirements for water mist systems used for fire protection of industrial oil cookers. This does not include requirements for systems used for protection of other equipment such as exhaust air ducts, heaters, heat exchangers, and food processing and food preparation areas.

The requirements of this document set out the materials, construction, and performance of components intended for use in fixed foam fire fighting systems, and using foam concentrates conforming to EN 1568-1 to EN 1568-4. The components covered are: proportioners, sprayers, semi-subsurface hose units, branchpipes, low/medium expansion foam generators, high expansion foam generators, foam chambers, tanks and pressure vessels. Methods of test are given in Annex A to Annex K.
Requirements are also given for the provision of the characteristic data needed for correct application of components.
NOTE 1   Unless otherwise stated pressures are gauge pressures expressed in bar.
The requirements of this document do not cover, except where stated, the use of combinations of components to form part, or the whole, of a fire fighting system.
NOTE 2   Components conforming to this document are not necessarily compatible one with another.
Requirements for pumps, motors and the functioning of mechanical components (i.e. remote control turrets) are outside the scope of this document.

This part of EN 12259 specifies requirements, test methods, evaluation of conformity and marking of deluge
alarm valves with a nominal size range DN40 to DN250 intended to be used in fire protection water spray
systems.
This European Standard does not cover elastomeric sleeve type valves and does not include rules for design,
installation and maintenance of fire protection water spray systems.
Auxiliary components and attachments to deluge alarm valves are not covered by this part of EN 12259 with the
exception of automatic drain valves.

This document specifies the requirements and describes the methods for design, installation, testing and maintenance of low, medium, and high expansion foam fire extinguishing systems.
Foam systems may be used to suppress the release of toxic vapours but this application is outside the scope of this document.
This document provides guidance for the design of various foam systems available to persons with knowledge and experience in determining the selection of foam fire extinguishing systems which will be effective in protecting specific hazard configurations. For the application of this standard, a risk assessment by a qualified and experienced person should be performed for both new and existing systems, however the risk assessment is outside the scope of this document.
This document does not cover a risk analysis carried out by a competent person.
Nothing in this document is intended to restrict new technologies or alternative arrangements, provided that the level of foam system performance prescribed in this standard is not lowered, and supported by documented evidence/test reports.
All foam systems are generally unsuitable for the following:
-   chemicals, such as cellulose nitrate, that release sufficient oxygen or other oxidizing agents which can sustain combustion;
-   energized unenclosed electrical equipment;
-   metals such as sodium, potassium and sodium-potassium alloys which are reactive to water;
-   hazardous, water-reactive materials such as triethyl-aluminium and phosphorous pentoxide;
-   combustible metals such as aluminium and magnesium.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for condensed aerosol extinguishing system components.
This document covers the use of condensed aerosol extinguishing systems for total flooding applications.
This document in not applicable to explosion suppression applications.
This document does not cover all legislative requirements. In certain countries specific national regulations apply and take precedence over this document. Users of this document are advised to inform themselves of the applicability or non-applicability for this document by their national responsible authorities.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation, testing, maintenance and safety of gas extinguishing systems in buildings, plants or other structures, and the characteristics of the various extinguishants and types of fire for which they are a suitable extinguishing medium.
This document describes total flooding systems primarily related to buildings, plants and other specific applications, utilizing electrically non-conducting gaseous fire extinguishants that do not leave a residue after discharge and for which there are sufficient data currently available to enable validation of performance and safety characteristics by an appropriate independent authority. This document is not applicable to explosion suppression.
This part of EN 15004 is not intended to indicate approval of the extinguishants listed therein by the appropriate authorities, as other extinguishants may be equally acceptable. CO2 is not included as it is covered by other International Standards.
This part of EN 15004 is applicable to the extinguishants listed in Table 1. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with the given parts of EN 15004 for fire extinguishing agents in Table 1.

This document specifies requirements and methods for the design, installation and maintenance of condensed aerosol extinguishing systems and the characteristics of the extinguishing media and types of fire for which it is a suitable extinguishing medium.
This document covers the use of condensed aerosol extinguishing systems for total flooding applications.
This document is not applicable to explosion suppression applications.
This document does not cover all legislative requirements. In certain countries specific national regulations apply and take precedence over this document. Users of this document are advised to inform themselves of the applicability or non-applicability for this document by their national responsible authorities.

This document provides guidance on fulfilling the requirements contained in ISO 6183:2009, 6.4.1 and 7.4.1 and ISO 14520-1:2015, 5.2.1 h and 5.3 h, in respect to over and under pressurisation venting and post discharge extract.
It considers the design, selection and installation of vents to safeguard the structural integrity of enclosures protected by fixed gaseous extinguishing systems and the post discharge venting provisions where used.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation, water supplies and backflow prevention, commissioning, maintenance and testing of fixed residential fire sprinkler systems in buildings for residential occupancies.
This document is intended for use by those concerned with purchasing, designing, installing, testing, inspecting, approving, operating and maintaining automatic residential sprinkler systems, in order that such equipment will function as intended throughout its life.
This document identifies construction details of buildings which are the minimum necessary for satisfactory performance of residential sprinkler systems complying with this standard.
This document applies to any addition, extension, repair or other modification to the residential sprinkler system.
This document does not cover situations such as arson where fires of a malicious intent may be started in multiple locations simultaneously.

This European Standard specifies requirements for chemical and physical properties, and minimum performance requirements of low expansion foams suitable for surface application to water-immiscible liquids. Requirements are also given for marking.
WARNING - Any type approval according to this standard is invalidated by any change in composition of the approved product.
Some concentrates conforming to this part of EN 1568 can also conform to other parts and therefore can also be suitable for application as medium and/or high expansion foams, and for application at low expansion to water-miscible liquids.

This European Standard specifies requirements for chemical and physical properties, and minimum performance requirements of low expansion foams suitable for surface application to water-miscible liquids. Requirements are also specified for marking.
IMPORTANT - The fire performance is tested using acetone and isopropanol as the fuel, which also forms the basis for the performance classification. However, there are a large number of water-miscible liquids which have more or less different properties to acetone and isopropanol. It has been shown by tests using other fuels that the performance of various foams can differ considerably. Examples of such fuel is Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK). It is therefore essential that the user checks for any unfavourable or unacceptable loss of efficiency when the foam is used against fires in any other water-miscible fuels than acetone and isopropanol respectively. The fire test conditions and procedure given in H.2 can be used in order to achieve results comparative with acetone and isopropanol respectively and related requirements.
It is also essential for the user to note that other fuel depths and methods of application than those specified in H.2 can cause considerable loss of efficiency and these matters should be carefully considered by the user when assessing the suitability for particular applications.
WARNING - Any type approval according to this standard is invalidated by any change in composition of the approved product.
NOTE   Some concentrates conforming to this part of the EN 1568 series can also conform to other parts and therefore can also be suitable for application as medium and/or high expansion foams.

This European Standard specifies requirements for chemical and physical properties, and minimum performance requirements of high expansion foams suitable for surface application to water-immiscible liquids. Requirements are also given for marking.
WARNING - Any type approval according to this standard is invalidated by any change in composition of the approved product.
Some concentrates conforming to this part of EN 1568 can also conform to other parts and therefore can also be suitable for application as low and/or medium expansion foams.

This European Standard specifies requirements for chemical and physical properties, and minimum performance requirements of medium expansion foams suitable for surface application to water-immiscible liquids. Requirements are also given for marking.
WARNING - Any type approval according to this standard is invalidated by any change in composition of the approved product.
Some concentrates conforming to this part of EN 1568 can also conform to other parts and therefore can also be suitable for application as low and/or high expansion foams.

1.1   This part of EN 15004 contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the IG-01 extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specification, usage and safety aspects.
1.2   This part of EN 15004 covers systems operating at nominal pressures of 160 bar, 200 bar and 300 bar at 15 °C. This does not preclude the use of other systems, although design data for other pressures are not available at this time.

1.1   This part of EN 15004 contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the IG-541 extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specification, usage and safety aspects.
1.2   This part of EN 15004 covers systems operating at nominal pressures of 150 bar, 200 bar and 300 bar at 15 °C. This does not preclude the use of other systems, although design data for other pressures are not available at this time.

1.1   This part of EN 15004 contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the IG-100 extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specification, usage and safety aspects.
1.2   This part of EN 15004 covers systems operating at nominal pressures of 200 bar at 15 °C and 300 bar at 15 °C. This does not preclude the use of other systems, although design data for other pressures are not available at this time.

1.1   This part of EN 15004 contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the IG-55 extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specification, usage and safety aspects.
1.2   This part of EN 15004 covers systems operating at nominal pressures of 150 bar at 15 °C, 200 bar at 15 °C and 300 bar at 15 °C. This does not preclude the use of other systems, although design data for other pressures are not available at this time.

This European Standard applies to natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators (NSHEV) operating as part of smoke and heat exhaust systems (NSHEVS), placed on the market. This standard specifies requirements and gives test methods for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators which are intended to be installed in smoke and heat control systems in buildings.

TC origin - miscelleneous wording changes

This European Standard specifies the products characteristics of powered smoke and heat control ventilators (fans) intended to be used as part of a powered smoke and heat control ventilation system in construction works.
It provides test and assessment methods of the characteristics and the compliance criteria of the test assessment results.
This European Standard applies to the following:
a)   fans for smoke and heat control ventilation;
b)   impulse/jet fans for smoke and heat control ventilation;

This European Standard specifies requirements and methods of test for the construction and performance of fire hose reel systems with lay-flat hose for installation in buildings, permanently connected to a water supply, for use by the occupants.
Furthermore, it provides also for requirements on evaluation of conformity and marking of these products.
Its requirements may apply in general for other applications, for example in marine applications or in aggressive environments, but additional requirements may be necessary in such cases.

This European Standard specifies requirements and methods of test for the construction and performance of fire hose reel systems with semi-rigid hose for installation in buildings, permanently connected to a water supply, for use by the occupants.
It also provides requirements on evaluation of conformity and marking of these products.
Its requirements may apply in general for other applications, for example in marine applications or in aggressive environments, but additional requirements can be necessary in such cases.
This European Standard is applicable to both manual and automatic fire hose reels for installation with and without cabinets.

This European Standard applies to smoke control duct sections, placed on the market and intended to operate as part of a pressure differential system or smoke and heat exhaust system. This standard specifies requirements and gives reference to the test methods defined for smoke control duct sections and their associated components (for example, hangers and other items proven at the time of testing), which are intended to be installed in such systems in buildings. It also provides for the evaluation of conformity of the products to the requirements of this standard. Furthermore, marking and information on installation and maintenance of these products are also given in this European Standard.
To avoid duplication, reference is made to a variety of other standards. To this end, this standard is to be read in conjunction with EN 1366-8, EN 1366-9 and EN 1366-1, for details of the fire resistance testing and EN 13501-4 for corresponding classification.
This standard has not considered in detail the detrimental and/or corrosive effects that may be caused by process chemicals present in the atmosphere, which are drawn through the system intentionally or inadvertently.
This European Standard also governs associated components used together with smoke control duct sections such as turning vanes and silencers, with the exception of natural and powered smoke ventilators and smoke control dampers, which are covered by separate standards.
Ducts for use other than in smoke and heat exhaust/control systems are not covered by this standard.

This European Standard applies to smoke control dampers, placed on the market and intended to operate as part of a pressure differential system or smoke and heat control system. This standard specifies requirements and gives reference to the test methods defined for smoke control dampers and their associated components, such as actuators which are intended to be installed in such systems in buildings. It also provides for the evaluation of conformity of these products to the requirements of this standard. Furthermore, provision on marking and information on installation and maintenance of these products are also given.
This European Standard distinguish between two categories of smoke control dampers, i.e. single compartment smoke control dampers and multi-compartment fire resisting smoke control dampers.
Smoke control dampers covered by this European Standard can be installed into smoke control system ducts or onto the ducts´ surface. They can be installed also into a wall, floor or ceiling/roof elements or onto the surface of these elements.
To avoid duplication, reference is made to a variety of other standards. To this end, this standard is to be read in conjunction with EN 13501-4, prEN 1366-10 and EN 1366-2, for details of the furnace testing.
This standard does not consider in detail the detrimental and/or corrosive effects that may be caused by process chemicals present in the atmosphere, which are drawn through the system intentionally or inadvertently.

This European Standard is applicable to fire extinguishing powders for fire classes A, B and C. It specifies, by means of defined test methods, minimum requirements for the chemical and physical properties and minimum extinguishing capabilities. Requirements are also specified for the information and data to be given by the supplier.
This European Standard is not applicable to powders for class D fires.
NOTE 1   The classification of fires is given in EN 2 [1].
NOTE 2   Some countries have national standards for class D powders.

This European Standard specifies requirements for inspection and maintenance of hose reels and hose systems such that they continue to provide the service for which they were manufactured, supplied or installed i.e. to ensure a first emergency intervention to fight a fire before more powerful means can be implemented.
This European Standard is applicable to hose reel and hose system installations in all types of buildings irrespective of the nature of use of the buildings.

This Technical Report applies to SHEVS when installed in a building. This Technical Report specifies the ability of the system to meet the required performances of the SHEVS as specified by the design of the system. This Technical Report is to help to translate the detailed engineering plan into an installed system, but it does not state how the design is made. This Technical Report also covers requirements for components and compatibility between components to ensure that the requirements on the installed system will be met. This Technical report includes requirements for the assembly, installation, commissioning, function testing, maintenance, periodic servicing and routine testing of SHEVS.

This standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation and maintenance of fixed deluge water spray systems internal and external to buildings and industrial plant and other premises on land. This standard covers only the use of the types of sprinklers and sprayers specified in EN 12259-1. The requirements and recommendations of this standard are also applicable to any addition, extension, repair or other modification to a water spray system. This standard does not deal with sprinkler systems.
It covers the hazards, provision of water supplies, components to be used, installation and testing of the system, maintenance, and the extension of existing systems, and identifies construction details of buildings which are necessary for the satisfactory performance of water spray systems complying with this standard.
The general principles may well apply to other uses (e.g. maritime use), for these other uses additional considerations will almost certainly have to be taken into account.
For water spray systems covered by this standard the authority shall be consulted.

This European Standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, construction and maintenance of kits covering components of powder fire extinguishing systems which discharge powder from a container, or centrally grouped containers, through nozzles by means of expellant gas in accordance with EN 12416-1:2001 and the relevant part of EN 54 where required.
This European standard covers systems which are suitable for general use in buildings and other construction works as well as outdoor hazards.
This standard does not cover stored pressure systems or pre-engineered systems up to 150 kg of the extinguishing media quantity, powder hose lines and monitor systems, nor areas with a risk of explosion, earthquake zones or extreme environmental conditions e.g. marine, offshore, mining or aircraft.
This European standard does not apply to systems where there is a risk of class "D" fires according to EN 2.

This European standard specifies requirements for materials, construction and performance of components intended for use in powder firefighting systems complying with EN 12416-2, which covers gas container systems with a maximum working pressure not exceeding 25 bar at 20°C. It does not cover stored pressure systems, pre-engineerd systems, powder hose lines and monitor systems. Methods of test are also given.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation, inspection and maintenance of all types of fixed land based water mist systems.
This document is intended to apply to water mist automatic nozzle systems and water mist deluge systems supplied by stand alone or pumped systems.
The document covers only applications and occupancies which are covered by the fire test protocols of the EN 14972 series.
Aspects of water mist associated with explosion protection and/or use within vehicles are not covered by this document.
This document does not cover all legislative requirements. In certain countries specific national regulations apply and take precedence over this document. Users of this document are advised to inform themselves of the applicability or non-applicability for this document by their national responsible authorities.

This document contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the HFC 23 extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specifications, usage and safety aspects. It is applicable to systems operating at a nominal pressure of 41 bar without nitrogen superpressurization and 70 bar superpressurized with nitrogen.

This document establishes the detailed test procedures for conducting the test on the plenum and air extract ducts.

This document contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the HFC 227ea extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specification, usage and safety aspects.
This document covers systems operating at nominal pressures of 25 bar, 42 bar and 50 bar with nitrogen propellant. This does not preclude the use of other systems.

This document gives calculation methods, guidance and requirements for the design, installation, acceptance testing, routine testing and maintenance for pressure differential systems (PDS).
PDSs are designed to hold back smoke at a leaky physical barrier in a building, such as a door (either open or closed) or other similarly restricted openings and to keep tenable conditions in escape and access routes depending on the application.
It covers systems intended to protect means of escape e.g. staircases, corridors, lobbies, as well as systems intended to provide a protected firefighting space (bridgehead) for the fire services.
It provides details on the critical features and relevant procedures for the installation.
It describes the commissioning procedures and acceptance testing criteria required to confirm that the calculated design is achieved in the building.
This document gives rules, requirements and procedures to design PDS for buildings up to 60 m.
For buildings taller than 60 m the same requirements are given (e.g. Table 1), but additional methods of calculation and verification are necessary. Requirements for such methods and verification are given in Annex D, but the methods fall outside the scope of this document [e.g. Additional mathematical analysis and/or Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)].
Routine testing and maintenance requirements are also defined in this document.
In the absence of national requirements and under expected ambient and outside conditions, the requirements in Table 1 are fulfilled by the PDS.

This document establishes the minimum requirements applicable to the design, installation, functioning, test and maintenance of fixed automatic fire extinguishing systems for kitchen protection that covers the cooking appliances, the hood, the plenum and the air extract ducts. This document also provides requirements for the construction and components performance as applicable to specific types, designs, sizes and arrangements of pre-engineered kitchen fire-extinguishing systems.
This document does not cover household kitchens or industrial food production equipment.
The detailed test procedures for the plenum and air extract ducts are contained in CEN/TS 17749.
Closed plenum type ventilated ceilings designed similar to standard hoods are included in this document. Open plenum type ventilated ceilings are excluded and require an engineered solution for the plenum protection. Protection for appliances below open or closed plenum ventilated ceilings are included.

This document specifies requirements for earthquake protection of automatic sprinkler systems in accordance with EN 12845. This document applies only to locations in earthquake zones in accordance to EN 1998-1:2004, 3.2.11 and for area subject to peak ground acceleration above 9 % of g.
This document does not cover all legislative requirements. In certain countries specific national regulations apply and take precedence over this document. Users of this document are advised to inform themselves of the applicability or non-applicability for this document by their national responsible authorities.

This document applies to pressure differential system kits and components, positioned on the market and intended to operate as part of a pressure differential system. The purpose of a pressure differential system is to prevent protected spaces from smoke spread by using pressure difference and airflow. This document specifies characteristics and test methods for components and kits for pressure differential systems to produce and control the required pressure differential and airflow between protected and unprotected space.

2021-03-31 - TC - Correction of expression in Formula (3) in 4.5.4

This document contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the HFC 125 extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specifications, usage and safety aspects.
This document is applicable to systems operating at nominal pressures of 25 bar and 42 bar, superpressurized with nitrogen. This does not preclude the use of other systems.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation, water supplies and backflow prevention, commissioning, maintenance and testing of fixed residential fire sprinkler systems in buildings for residential occupancies.
This document is intended for use by those concerned with purchasing, designing, installing, testing, inspecting, approving, operating and maintaining automatic residential sprinkler systems, in order that such equipment will function as intended throughout its life.
This document identifies construction details of buildings which are the minimum necessary for satisfactory performance of residential sprinkler systems complying with this standard.
This document applies to any addition, extension, repair or other modification to the residential sprinkler system.
This document does not cover situations such as arson where fires of a malicious intent may be started in multiple locations simultaneously.

This document specifies fire testing requirements for water mist systems used for fire protection of combustion turbines in enclosures with volumes not exceeding 260 m³.

This document specifies the evaluation of the fire performance of water mist systems for fire protection of interior atriums, with low or medium fire load where the fire load or any obstructions do not extend above 1,5 m height.

This document specifies product characteristics and test methods for strainer and filter components for water supply connections and pipe work in water mist systems. This document is applicable to strainers and filters with filtration grades up to 6 mm.

This document contains specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to FK-5-1-12 extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specifications, usage and safety aspects.
This document is applicable only to systems operating at nominal pressures of 25 bar, 34,5 bar, 42 bar and 50 bar with nitrogen propellant. This does not preclude the use of other systems.

This European standard specifies oxygen reduction systems that are used as fire prevention systems by creating an atmosphere in an area which is having a lower permanent oxygen concentration as in ambient conditions. The level of oxygen reduction is defined by the individual risks of these areas (see Annex A). Oxygen reduction is achieved by technical systems which are providing a flux of air containing a reduced concentration of oxygen.
This European standard specifies minimum requirements and defines the specifications governing the design, installation and maintenance of fixed oxygen reduction systems with oxygen reduced air in buildings and industrial production plants. The standard also applies to the extension and modification of existing systems.
This European standard applies to oxygen reduction systems using nitrogen which are designed for continual oxygen reduction in enclosed spaces.
NOTE   Nitrogen is today the most suitable gas to be used for oxygen reduction. For other gases this European standard can be used as basis.
This European standard does not apply to oxygen reduction systems that use water mist or combustion gases.
The European standard does not apply to:
-   explosion suppression systems;
-   explosion prevention systems;
-   fire extinguishing systems using gaseous extinguishing agents;
-   inertization of portable containers;
-   systems in which oxygen levels are reduced for reasons other than fire prevention (e.g. steel processing in the presence of inert gas to avoid the formation of oxide film);
-   inerting required during repair work on systems or equipment (e.g. welding) in order to eliminate the risk of fire or explosion.
In addition to the conditions for the actual oxygen reduction system and its individual components this European standard also covers certain structural specifications for the protected area.
The space protected by an oxygen reduction system is a controlled and continuously monitored indoor climate for extended occupation. This standard does not cover unventilated confined spaces that may contain hazardous gases.