ASTM A493-16

Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and Cold Forging

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cold-finished and hot-finished stainless steel wire and wire rods for cold heading or cold forging for applications, such as fasteners, where corrosion resistance is a factor. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition requirements. The material shall also conform to the requirements as to mechanical properties. All austenitic grades in the annealed condition or annealed and lightly drafted condition shall be capable of passing the criteria set by this specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold-finished and hot-finished stainless steel wire and wire rods for cold heading or cold forging for applications, such as fasteners, where corrosion resistance is a factor.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2016
• ICS: 77.140.20 - Stainless steels
• ICS: 77.140.65 - Steel wire, wire ropes and link chains
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.17 - Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A493-09(2013) - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and Cold Forging
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2016
• Replaced By: ASTM A493-23 - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and Cold Forging
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM A555/A555M-16 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM A751-14 - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2014
• Refers: ASTM A555/A555M-05(2014) - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2014
• Refers: ASTM A262-13 - Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM A262-10 - Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Refers: ASTM A555/A555M-05(2009) - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Refers: ASTM A751-08 - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Refers: ASTM A262-02a(2008) - Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2008
• Refers: ASTM A751-07a - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2007
• Refers: ASTM A751-07 - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2007
• Refers: ASTM A751-01(2006) - Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-May-2006
• Refers: ASTM A555/A555M-05 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Refers: ASTM A262-02ae3 - Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A493 −16
Standard Specification for
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and
1
Cold Forging
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.8 Coil size (inside and outside diameter),
3.1.9 Special requirements, and
1.1 This specification covers cold-finished and hot-finished
3.1.10 Supplementary requirements.
stainless steel wire and wire rods for cold heading or cold
forging for applications, such as fasteners, where corrosion
4. General Requirements for Delivery
resistance is a factor.
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
requirements of the current editions of Specification A555/
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
A555M shall apply. Failure to comply with the general
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
requirements of Specification A555/A555M constitutes non-
and are not considered standard.
conformance with this specification.
2. Referenced Documents NOTE1—Atypicalorderingdescriptionisasfollows:5000lb(2268kg)
0.225 in. (5.72 mm) round Type 305 cold heading wire, lightly drafted,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
copper coated, 32 in. (813 mm) max OD—22 in. (559 mm) min ID, coils,
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
ASTM Specification A493 – XX. End use: hex head machine bolts.
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
5. Manufacture
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
5.1 Heat Treatment:
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
5.1.1 Austenitic grades shall be annealed at 1800°F (980°C)
cal Analysis of Steel Products
minimum, so that grain boundary carbides enter into solution,
and rapidly quenched to prevent grain boundary precipitation
3. Ordering Information
of carbides that would cause susceptibility to intergranular
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all corrosion. See Supplementary Requirements.
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this 5.1.2 Ferritic and martensitic grades shall be annealed to
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not meet the requirements for mechanical properties.
limited to the following:
5.2 Condition:
3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
5.2.1 Wire shall be furnished in one of the following
3.1.2 Size (diameter),
conditions:
3.1.3 Type or UNS number (see Table 1),
5.2.1.1 Lightly drafted (normal condition and need not be
3.1.4 Name (wire or wire rods),
specified if this is condition desired),
3.1.5 ASTM designation and issue date,
5.2.1.2 Annealed, or
3.1.6 Condition (see 5.2),
5.2.1.3 Drafted to a specified tensile strength range (as
3.1.7 Coating (see 5.3),
agreed upon between purchaser and producer).
5.2.2 Rods shall be furnished in the annealed condition,
scale removed.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.3 Coatings and Lubricants:
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
5.3.1 Coatings are necessary for most cold-heading or
Current edition approved March 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originally
forming operations. An electroplated copper coating is often
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A493 – 09 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/A0493-16.
used.Thefollowingcoatingsmaybespecified:copper,lime,or
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
special (as agreed upon between purchaser and producer).
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3.2 Lubricants are applied over the coating during the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. final drafting operation performed by the producer. Soap is
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A493−16
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
A
Grade Composition, %
UNS AISI Carbon Manga- Phos- Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molyb- Nitrogen Other
Designation Type nese phorus denum Elem
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A493 − 09 (Reapproved 2013) A493 − 16
Standard Specification for
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and
1
Cold Forging
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers cold-finished and hot-finished stainless steel wire and wire rods for cold heading or cold forging
for applications, such as fasteners, where corrosion resistance is a factor.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
3. Ordering Information
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to the following:
3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
3.1.2 Size (diameter),
3.1.3 Type or UNS number (see Table 1),
3.1.4 Name (wire or wire rods),
3.1.5 ASTM designation and issue date,
3.1.6 Condition (see 5.2),
3.1.7 Coating (see 5.3),
3.1.8 Coil size (inside and outside diameter),
3.1.9 Special requirements, and
3.1.10 Supplementary requirements.
4. General Requirements for Delivery
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all requirements of the current editions of Specification A555/A555M
shall apply. Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A555/A555M constitutes nonconformance with this
specification.
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb (2268 kg) 0.225 in. (5.72 mm) round Type 305 cold heading wire, lightly drafted, copper
coated, 32 in. (813 mm) max OD—22 in. (559 mm) min ID, coils, ASTM Specification A493 – XX. End use: hex head machine bolts.
5. Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17
on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013March 1, 2016. Published October 2013March 2016. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 as
A493 – 09.A493 – 09 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/A0493-09R13.10.1520/A0493-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A493 − 16
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
A
Grade Composition, %
UNS AISI Carbon, Manga- Phos- Sulfur,SulfurSilicon,Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molyb- Nitrogen, Other
A A
Designation Type Carbonmax nese,nesephorus,phorus max max denum maxNitrogen Elements
max max
Austenitic Grades
S 30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 1.00 max 0.10
S 30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 1.00 0.10
S 30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–10.5 1.00 max 0.10
S 30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–10.5 1.00 0.10
S 30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 1.00 max 0.10
S 30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 1.00 0.10
S 30430 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 3.0–4.0
S 30430 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 3.0–4.0
S 30433 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 3.0–4.0
S 30500 305 0.04 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 10.5–13.0 1.00 max
S 30500 305 0.04 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 10.5–13.0 1.00
S 31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 0.10
S 31603 316L 0
...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A493 − 16
Standard Specification for
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and
1
Cold Forging
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.8 Coil size (inside and outside diameter),
3.1.9 Special requirements, and
1.1 This specification covers cold-finished and hot-finished
3.1.10 Supplementary requirements.
stainless steel wire and wire rods for cold heading or cold
forging for applications, such as fasteners, where corrosion
4. General Requirements for Delivery
resistance is a factor.
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
requirements of the current editions of Specification A555/
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
A555M shall apply. Failure to comply with the general
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
requirements of Specification A555/A555M constitutes non-
and are not considered standard.
conformance with this specification.
2. Referenced Documents NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb (2268 kg)
0.225 in. (5.72 mm) round Type 305 cold heading wire, lightly drafted,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
copper coated, 32 in. (813 mm) max OD—22 in. (559 mm) min ID, coils,
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
ASTM Specification A493 – XX. End use: hex head machine bolts.
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
5. Manufacture
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
5.1 Heat Treatment:
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
5.1.1 Austenitic grades shall be annealed at 1800°F (980°C)
cal Analysis of Steel Products
minimum, so that grain boundary carbides enter into solution,
and rapidly quenched to prevent grain boundary precipitation
3. Ordering Information
of carbides that would cause susceptibility to intergranular
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all corrosion. See Supplementary Requirements.
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this 5.1.2 Ferritic and martensitic grades shall be annealed to
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not meet the requirements for mechanical properties.
limited to the following:
5.2 Condition:
3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
5.2.1 Wire shall be furnished in one of the following
3.1.2 Size (diameter),
conditions:
3.1.3 Type or UNS number (see Table 1),
5.2.1.1 Lightly drafted (normal condition and need not be
3.1.4 Name (wire or wire rods),
specified if this is condition desired),
3.1.5 ASTM designation and issue date,
5.2.1.2 Annealed, or
3.1.6 Condition (see 5.2),
5.2.1.3 Drafted to a specified tensile strength range (as
3.1.7 Coating (see 5.3),
agreed upon between purchaser and producer).
5.2.2 Rods shall be furnished in the annealed condition,
scale removed.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.3 Coatings and Lubricants:
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
5.3.1 Coatings are necessary for most cold-heading or
Current edition approved March 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originally
forming operations. An electroplated copper coating is often
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A493 – 09 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/A0493-16.
used. The following coatings may be specified: copper, lime, or
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
special (as agreed upon between purchaser and producer).
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3.2 Lubricants are applied over the coating during the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. final drafting operation performed by the producer. Soap is
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A493 − 16
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
A
Grade Composition, %
UNS AISI Carbon Manga- Phos- Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molyb- Nitrogen Other
Designation Type nese phorus denum Elements
Austenitic Grades
S 30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 1.00 0.10
S 30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.0
...