CEN/TS 14383-4:2006
(Main)Prevention of crime - Urban planning and design - Part 4: Shops and offices
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and design - Part 4: Shops and offices
This document provides guidance and a recommended strategy for combating burglary, theft, arson and other crimes committed against retailers and other businesses. It applies to both new and existing shops and offices.
Recommended levels of security for commodities stocked in retail outlets are given in Annex A.
Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und Gebäudeplanung - Teil 4: Laden und Bürogebäude
Dieses Dokument dient als Orientierungshilfe und empfiehlt eine Strategie zur Bekämpfung von Einbruchdiebstahl, Diebstahl, Brandstiftung und anderen Verbrechen gegen Läden und Bürogebäude. Es ist sowohl auf neue als auch auf bestehende Läden und Büros anwendbar.
Empfohlene Sicherheitsniveaus für Laden- und Bürogebäude befinden sich in Anhang A.
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception des bâtiments - Partie 4: Commerces et bureaux
Le présent document donne des lignes directrices et recommande une stratégie visant à combattre le cambriolage, le vol, l’incendie volontaire et autres crimes pouvant être commis contre les détaillants et autres commerces. Elle s’applique à la fois aux commerces et bureaux neufs et anciens.
Les niveaux de sécurité recommandés pour les marchandises stockées dans les magasins de détail sont donnés en Annexe A.
Preprečevanje kriminala - Urbanistično planiranje in projektiranje - 4. del: Trgovine in pisarne
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2006
3UHSUHþHYDQMHNULPLQDOD8UEDQLVWLþQRSODQLUDQMHLQSURMHNWLUDQMHGHO 7UJRYLQH
LQSLVDUQH
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and design - Part 4: Shops and offices
Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und Gebäudeplanung - Teil 4: Laden und
Bürogebäude
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception des bâtiments - Partie 4:
Commerces et bureaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 14383-4:2006
ICS:
13.310 Varstvo pred kriminalom Protection against crime
91.020 Prostorsko planiranje. Physical planning. Town
Urbanizem planning
91.040.20 Trgovske in industrijske Buildings for commerce and
stavbe industry
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 14383-4
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
May 2006
ICS 13.310; 91.040.20
English Version
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and design - Part 4: Shops
and offices
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und
des bâtiments - Partie 4: Commerces et bureaux Gebäudeplanung - Teil 4: Laden und Bürogebäude
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 14 April 2006 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 14383-4:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Planning and design.5
5 Opportunities for crime.7
6 Security management .9
7 Security recommendations for shops and offices .11
8 Approach, access and perimeter protection .13
9 Protection of the building envelope.15
10 Protecting internal spaces.18
11 Security of the building outside normal working hours.21
Annex A (normative) Recommended levels of security .24
Bibliography .33
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 14383-4:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 325 “Prevention
of crime by urban planning and building design”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV.
The status of Technical Specification was proposed to give all countries the opportunity to compare
experiences and to harmonize procedures.
This Technical Specification is one of a series for « Prevention of crime - Urban planning and design », that
consists of the following parts:
Part 1 – Definition of specific terms
Part 2 – Urban planning
Part 3 – Dwellings
Part 4 – Shops and offices
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Introduction
The nature, cost and scale of crime against retailers and other businesses can be hard to quantify and many
factors can influence whether or not an offence is committed. For the purpose of this document three basic
criminological approaches are adopted:
Rational Choice
This approach assumes that potential offenders undertake their own risk assessment before deciding to
commit a crime. They consider the chances of being seen, the ease of entry and the chance of escape without
detection.
Routine Activities
This theory assumes that for an offence to take place there needs to be three factors present; a motivated
offender, a suitable target or victim and a lack of capable guardian. To affect the potential for crime, it is
necessary to consider each of these factors. An offender can be deterred by increasing surveillance or making
access more difficult. A target can be made less attractive by increasing the security or removing escape
routes. The presence or influence of a capable guardian, either real or implied, can be improved by office and
shop design and the location of staff.
Defensible space
This approach applies to the different levels of acceptance that exist for people to be legitimately in different
types of space. Anyone has a right to be in a public space, for example a street, but not in a private space
such as the rear yard of a shop or office storeroom.
Understanding these three principles can affect the desire and ability to commit a crime. The majority of
property crimes are committed because offenders have been given opportunities. Easy access to a shop or
office, concealed areas, no demarcation between public and private space, poor lighting or landscaping
features can all assist the potential offender. All of these features can be designed to benefit legitimate users
and not potential offenders.
By helping to understand the thinking of the offender and balancing this against both symbolic and real design
features, combined with specific physical security measures, the document aims to assist designers, planners,
shop and office owners or managers and crime prevention practitioners. In the most simple of terms, the more
vulnerable and at risk a potential offender feels, the less inclined they are to commit a crime.
1 Scope
This document provides guidance and a recommended strategy for combating burglary, theft, arson and other
crimes committed against retailers and other businesses. It applies to both new and existing shops and offices.
Recommended levels of security for commodities stocked in retail outlets are given in Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14383-1:2006, Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 1: Definition of specific
terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the terms and definitions given in EN 14383-1:2006 and the
following apply.
3.1
Burglar resistance
Property of door, window or shutter assembly that enables it to resist attempts at forced entry into a protected
room or area.
4 Planning and design
4.1 General
Building security can broadly be defined as the use of the site layout, fabric and form of a building to protect
the occupants and their possessions from harm. Key design factors include physical layout, location of doors
and windows, control of access and movement, formal and informal human surveillance. Manipulating these
elements of architectural design with an awareness of their impact on security at the design stage, can
achieve significant gains in controlling crime and nuisance behaviour.
Professionals with appropriate crime prevention expertise should be included in the design team (see 4.2) and
should be involved to ensure that crime prevention factors are included in the design.
4.2 Designing to include safety and security
The design team should consider the various factors that can influence the opportunity to commit crime.
Amongst the most important of these are:
a) ownership;
b) human presence;
c) conflict minimisation.
It is essential that the design of public space be such that people begin to regard it as their own and take
responsibility for it. If this can be achieved, crime and antisocial behaviour are less likely to occur, or continue
without the public reacting to it.
One of the strongest crime prevention factors is the risk of being seen and identified. Therefore, human
presence and natural surveillance are very important. Where possible, mixed usage of units should be
encouraged as it prolongs life and movement throughout an extended period of the day. Street furniture
should be designed to enable clear sight lines and provide wide natural surveillance. For the same reasons,
buildings should front onto public space.
Fear of crime, whether real or perceived needs to be considered and the design of the environment should
reflect this. Any design feature that could possibly give rise to a potential conflict situation should be avoided.
Safe and integrated environmental design will encourage the use of spaces by engendering a feeling of
security.
4.3 Risk analysis
4.3.1 General
Any crime prevention strategy is essentially one of risk management. Consequently, before an effective
strategy can be developed, it is important to identify and understand the risk factors involved.
4.3.2 Local factors
When assessing the level of risk it is essential to give high priority to local factors by carrying out a diagnosis.
This may involve carrying out an analysis survey of crime in the immediate neighbourhood, to identify the type
of crime reported, where and when incidents occurred and who the victims were. This may be achieved by
spatial mapping to identify crime clustering or hot spots.
It is also important to be aware that factors which may influence the opportunity for crime may not necessarily
be in the immediate locality. For example, a convenient route linking two features attractive to young people
may pass through a commercial area. Although the features themselves may be some distance away from the
shops or offices, the presence of relatively large numbers of people using the route may influence the
possibility of crime.
Where the development is on a new site, it may be that there has been no previous crime problem or records
do not exist. In these cases it is important to consider the proposed development in terms of potential crime
generation, i.e. what crime or antisocial behaviour could reasonably be anticipated after completion?
Guidance on methods for assessing the risk of crime and methods aimed at reducing these risks in
neighbourhoods, town centres and industrial estates, is given in ENV 14383-2 (see also Clause 5).
4.4 Image of the neighbourhood
The first impressions gained by a potential offender have the greatest influence on their decision to offend or
not. Although a shopping or commercial centre that appears well maintained may give an impression of
affluence it is also true that it can give an equally strong impression that the people who work there take pride
in the area and are more likely to be vigilant and protective.
A commercial development that encourages the occupants to work together as a community, to take
combined action to improve the environment against potential offenders, is likely to result in less crime and an
improvement in the quality of life for the users. There are two good ways to achieve this:
a) By defining the development to give it a clear identity;
b) By ensuring the maximum permissible surveillance from property to property. Potential offenders do not
like to be seen. Wherever possible it is also advisable to try and obtain a mix of types of usage and occupant.
This may result in a variation in occupancy patterns that allow more people to be in any particular area,
exercising informal surveillance.
4.5 Security
Security provisions should be considered in the building design stage. It is important to take account of
present and planned future developments in the area when deciding the specific location of a shop or office.
A clear and uncluttered design for both the exterior and interior of the building can assist sec
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