EN 1540:2021
(Main)Workplace exposure - Terminology
Workplace exposure - Terminology
This document specifies terms and definitions that are related to the assessment of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents. These are either general terms or terms which are specific to physical and chemical processes of air sampling, the analytical method or method performance.
The terms included are those that have been identified as being fundamental because their definition is necessary to avoid ambiguity and ensure consistency of use.
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Terminologie
Dieses Dokument legt Begriffe fest, die im Zusammenhang mit der Bewertung der chemischen und biologischen Stoffbelastung am Arbeitsplatz stehen. Dabei handelt es sich entweder um allgemeine Begriffe oder um Begriffe, die für die physikalischen und chemischen Vorgänge bei der Luftprobenahme, das Analyseverfahren oder die Leistungsfähigkeit des Verfahrens spezifisch sind.
Das Dokument enthält Begriffe von grundsätzlicher Bedeutung, deren Definition erforderlich ist, um Mehrdeutigkeiten zu vermeiden und um einen widerspruchsfreien Gebrauch dieser Begriffe sicher zu stellen.
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Terminologie
Le présent document spécifie les termes et définitions liés à l'évaluation de l'exposition aux agents chimiques et biologiques sur les lieux de travail. Il s'agit soit de termes généraux, soit de termes spécifiques aux processus physiques et chimiques de prélèvement de l'air, à la méthode d'analyse ou aux performances de la méthode.
Les termes inclus sont ceux qui sont apparus fondamentaux parce que leur définition est nécessaire pour éviter toute ambiguïté et assurer un usage cohérent.
Izpostavljenost na delovnem mestu - Terminologija
Ta dokument določa izraze in definicije, ki so povezane z ocenjevanjem izpostavljenosti kemičnim in biološkim dejavnikom na delovnem mestu. To so splošni izrazi ali posebni izrazi za fizične in kemične procese vzorčenja zraka, analitično metodo ali delovanje metode.
Vključeni izrazi so tisti, ki so bili prepoznani kot ključni, ker je njihova definicija potrebna pri izogibanju dvoumnostim in zagotavljanju doslednosti uporabe.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1540:2012
Izpostavljenost na delovnem mestu - Terminologija
Workplace exposure - Terminology
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Terminologie
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Terminologie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1540:2021
ICS:
01.040.13 Okolje. Varovanje zdravja. Environment. Health
Varnost (Slovarji) protection. Safety
(Vocabularies)
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 1540
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.13; 13.040.30 Supersedes EN 1540:2011
English Version
Workplace exposure - Terminology
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Terminologie Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Terminologie
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 December 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1540:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
3.1 General terms . 5
3.1.1 Agents and air pollutants . 5
3.1.2 Particles . 6
3.1.3 Exposure assessment . 11
3.2 Terms related to the physical and chemical processes of workplace air sampling . 13
3.3 Terms related to the analytical method. 19
3.4 Terms related to method performance . 20
3.4.1 Efficiencies . 20
3.4.2 Uncertainties . 21
3.4.3 General statistical terms . 24
3.4.4 Other statistical terms . 26
Annex A (informative) Trilingual alphabetical index of terms defined . 27
Bibliography . 35
European foreword
This document (EN 1540:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 137 “Assessment of
workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1540:2011.
The major technical changes between this document and the previous edition are as follows:
a) The given terminology has been re-adjusted, where appropriate, to ISO 18158:2016, which
represents a modified ISO-adoption of EN 1540:2011.
b) The subdivision and order of the terms and definitions has partly been changed and simplified by
deleting some subheadings.
c) The following terms and definitions (admitted terms given in italic) have been added:
1) General terms:
aerodynamic diameter, aerodynamic equivalent diameter, agglomerate, aggregate, air sampling
device, appraiser, coagulation, diffusive diameter, diffusive equivalent diameter, dustiness mass
fraction, effective density, equivalent density, exposure by inhalation, exposure profile, inhalation
exposure, material density, median diameter, median particle diameter, microbial compound,
mobility diameter, mobility equivalent diameter, nanomaterial, nano-object, nanoparticle,
nanoscale, particle aerodynamic equivalent diameter, particle diffusive diameter, particle diffusive
equivalent diameter, particle material density, particle mobility diameter, particle mobility
equivalent diameter, particle number concentration, particle size, particle size distribution,
particle surface area, similar exposure group, source domain, surface area, ultrafine particle,
volume diameter, volume equivalent diameter
2) Terms related to the physical and chemical processes of workplace air sampling:
area sampling, back pressure, blank, blank sample, direct-reading instrument, flow-controlled
pump, method blank, pressure drop, real-time monitor, stationary sampler, sampling cassette,
vapour sampler
3) Terms related to the analytical method:
test gas
4) Terms related to method performance:
collection efficiency, measurement bias, measurement precision, repeatability condition of
measurement, reproducibility condition of measurement, sampler bias, sampling bias
d) The term "thermodynamic diameter" is no longer used (see 3.1.2.12).
e) The term "efficiency curve" has been deleted as synonymous term for "sampling efficiency".
f) In Annex A, an additional column has been introduced for symbols commonly used.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies terms and definitions that are related to the assessment of workplace exposure
to chemical and biological agents. These are either general terms or terms which are specific to physical
and chemical processes of air sampling, the analytical method or method performance.
The terms included are those that have been identified as being fundamental because their definition is
necessary to avoid ambiguity and ensure consistency of use.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 General terms
3.1.1 Agents and air pollutants
3.1.1.1
biological agent
bacteria, viruses, fungi and other micro-organisms or microbial compounds, including those which have
been genetically modified, cell cultures and human endoparasites which can provoke hazardous effects
Note 1 to entry: Examples for hazardous effects are infections, allergies, poisoning and inflammations.
Note 2 to entry: Dusts of organic origin, for example pollen, flour dust and wood dust, are not considered to be
biological agents and are therefore not covered by this definition.
3.1.1.2
chemical agent
chemical element or compound on its own or admixed as it occurs in the natural state or as produced,
used, or released, including release as waste, by any work activity, whether or not produced intentionally
and whether or not placed on the market
[SOURCE: Council Directive 98/24/EC Art. 2(a)]
3.1.1.3
air pollutant
chemical or biological agent emitted into the atmosphere either by human activity or natural processes
and adversely affecting humans or the environment
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.2.1, modified – "material" has been replaced with "chemical or biological
agent".]
3.1.1.4
airborne dust
chemical and/or biological agent(s) in solid form, dispersed in air
3.1.1.5
airborne particle
chemical or biological agent in solid or liquid form, dispersed in air
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.2.3, modified – Singular form of term has been used and "fine matter" has
been replaced with "chemical or biological agent".]
3.1.1.6
total airborne particles
all airborne particles present in a given volume of air
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.2.4, modified – "all" has been added.]
3.1.1.7
aerosol
airborne particles and the gas (and vapour) mixture in which they are suspended
Note 1 to entry: The airborne particles can be in or out of equilibrium with their own vapours.
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.4.1]
3.1.1.8
bioaerosol
biological agent(s) suspended in air
Note 1 to entry: Airborne dusts of organic origin, for example cotton dust, flour dust and wood dust, are not
considered being bioaerosols and are therefore not covered by this definition.
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.4.2, modified – "aerosol consisting of (a)" has been deleted from the
beginning of the definition and "suspended in air" has been added at the end of the definition.]
3.1.1.9
microbial compound
cell or cell wall component or metabolite of microbial origin
Note 1 to entry: Microbial compounds also include the chemical agents which are produced by microorganisms.
Note 2 to entry: Endotoxins, glucans, mycotoxins and enzymes are examples of microbial compounds. Microbial
DNA is also included in this definition.
[SOURCE: EN 13098:2019, 3.17 modified – New Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.1.1.10
vapour
gas phase of a substance in a state of equilibrium or disturbed equilibrium with the same substance in a
liquid or solid state below its boiling or sublimation point
3.1.2 Particles
3.1.2.1
health-related fractions
fractions of airborne particles penetrating to different regions of the respiratory tract
Note 1 to entry: The health-related fractions are the inhalable fraction, the thoracic fraction and the respirable
fraction.
3.1.2.2
inhalable fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles which is inhaled through the nose and mouth
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.3.1.1, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.]
3.1.2.3
thoracic fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles which penetrate beyond the larynx
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.3.1.3]
3.1.2.4
respirable fraction
mass fraction of total airborne particles which penetrate to the unciliated airways
[SOURCE: ISO 18158:2016, 2.1.3.1.4]
3.1.2.5
nanoparticle
ultrafine particle
particle with an equivalent diameter less than 0,1 µm
Note 1 to entry: The term ultrafine particle is often used in the context of particles produced as a by-product of a
process (incidental particles), such as welding fume and combustion fume.
Note 2 to entry: An equivalent diameter can be aerodynamic, diffusive, mobility, volume, geometric, projected-
area or otherwise equivalent.
[SOURCE: CEN ISO/TS 80004-2:2017, A.2.2, modified – "nanoparticle" has been introduced as preferred
term and the original Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been replaced by new Notes to entry.]
3.1.2.6
particle size
linear dimension of a particle determined by a specified measuring procedure and under specified
measurement conditions
[SOURCE: ISO 26824:2013, modified – "measurement method" has been replaced with "measuring
procedure".]
3.1.2.7
particle size distribution
distribution of particles a
...
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