CEN/TS 14383-3:2005
(Main)Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 3: Dwellings
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 3: Dwellings
This Technical Specification gives guidance and recommendations for reducing the risk of crimes against people and property in dwellings and their immediate surroundings through planning and design. It covers new and existing dwellings, in single or multiple units.
Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und Gebäudeplanung - Teil 3: Wohnungen
Diese Technische Spezifikation bietet Hinweise und Empfehlungen, um der Kriminalität an Personen und Sachen in Wohngebieten durch Planung und Gestaltung vorzubeugen. Sie deckt neue und bestehende Wohngebäuden mit einer oder mehreren Wohneinheiten ab.
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception des bâtiments - Partie 3 : Logements
Cette Spécification technique donne des recommandations pour réduire les risques de malveillance visant les
personnes et les biens dans les zones d�habitations et leur environnement immédiat grâce à l�urbanisme et à
la conception. Elle couvre l�habitat neuf et ancien, qu�il s�agisse de logements individuels ou collectifs.
Preprečevanje kriminala – Urbanistično planiranje in projektiranje – 3. del: Stanovanja
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2005
3UHSUHþHYDQMHNULPLQDOD±8UEDQLVWLþQRSODQLUDQMHLQSURMHNWLUDQMH±GHO
6WDQRYDQMD
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 3: Dwellings
Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und Gebäudeplanung - Teil 3:
Wohnungen
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception des bâtiments - Partie 3 :
Logements
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 14383-3:2005
ICS:
13.310 Varstvo pred kriminalom Protection against crime
91.020 Prostorsko planiranje. Physical planning. Town
Urbanizem planning
91.040.30 Stanovanjske stavbe Residential buildings
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 14383-3
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
October 2005
ICS 91.040.30; 13.310
English Version
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part
3: Dwellings
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und
des bâtiments - Partie 3 : Logements Gebäudeplanung - Teil 3: Wohnungen
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 24 April 2005 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 14383-3:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction.4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Objectives and methodology .5
5 Risk analysis and assessment of related protection levels.7
6 Level of protection.8
7 Individual dwellings.9
8 The building envelope .12
9 Residential blocks.14
10 Enhancing security in residential blocks.15
11 Apartments.19
12 Management and maintenance of residential blocks.19
Annex A (informative) Resistance classes for windows, doors and shutters and requirements
for related hardware conforming to ENV 1627.21
Annex B (informative) Risk analysis of the vulnerability of dwellings to burglary.23
Annex C (informative) Quick reference guide to the vulnerability of dwellings to burglary.46
Annex D (informative) Security grades of intrusion alarm systems as EN 50131-1 .49
Annex E (informative) Indicators of security problems in residential areas.50
Annex F (informative) Cost/benefit checklist of methods to enhance security in residential blocks.51
Bibliography.54
Foreword
This CEN Technical Specification (CEN/TS 14383-3:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 325 “Prevention of crime by urban planing design”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV.
The status of Technical Specification was proposed to give all countries the opportunity to compare
experiences and to harmonise procedures. In particular, the guidance given in the Annexes needs to be
tested in use to establish realistic security levels.
This Technical Specification is one of a series for “The prevention of crime by urban planning and building
design”, that consists of the following parts:
Part 1 – Definitions of specific terms
Part 2 – Urban planning
Part 3 – Dwellings
Part 4 – Shops and offices
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
Introduction
In considering security measures aimed at preventing crime and antisocial behaviour and the fear of crime in
residential areas, one of the most difficult tasks is determining the type and level of the threat (e.g. vandalism,
burglary, aggression) and the scope of measures to be taken in order to reduce it.
The causes of crime have been researched for many years. There are many factors that can influence the
possibility of an offence being committed or not. Certain factors, for example socio-economic conditions are
beyond the remit of this standard. Other factors such as neighbourhood layout and building design can be
considered along with more specific reference to target-hardening measures.
Three basic criminological approaches have been adopted: Rational Choice, Routine Activities and Defensible
Space.
a) Rational Choice states that potential offenders will normally undertake their own risk assessment before
deciding to commit a crime. They will consider the chances of being seen, the ease of entry and the
chance of escape without detection.
b) The Routine Activities theory assumes that for an offence to take place there need to be three factors
present: a motivated offender, a suitable target or victim and a lack of capable guardian. To prevent a
crime it is necessary to alter the influence of one of these factors. For example, an offender can be de-
motivated by increasing the level of surveillance or by making access more difficult. A target can also be
made less attractive by increasing security or removing escape routes. Similarly, the presence or
influence of a capable guardian, either real or implied, can assist in creating a sense of neighbourliness.
c) The Defensible Space theory applies to the different levels of acceptance that exist for people to
legitimately be in different types of space. Everyone has a right to be in a public space, such as a street,
but they do not have the right to be in the garden of another person’s dwelling, which is a private space. It
is equally important to differentiate and distinguish public space from semi-public and semi-private space,
to make it possible to use either formal or informal social control over those spaces in ways that prevent
crime and antisocial behaviour developing or progressing unhindered.
Most offences are committed because perpetrators enjoy opportunities: easy access, hiding places, absence
of demarcation between public and private space, poor lighting and/or favourable landscaping. By
understanding the motivation of potential offenders and counterbalancing it by specific physical security
measures combined with real or symbolic design elements, this Technical Specification aims to assist
designers, planners, estate managers and stakeholders in the area of crime prevention to:
a) Define the protection measures most appropriate to the site.
b) Influence decisions relating to building design, the layout of the site, landscaping, and other related details
in order to make dwellings attractive and safe for inhabitants and unattractive targets for potential
offenders.
In residential areas with either individual dwellings and/or residential blocks, the purpose is not only to protect
properties against burglary but also to prevent access by unwanted visitors, the illegal appropriation of space,
degradation of the environment and to fight fear of crime.
The design of the built environment can also influence individual perceptions of fear of crime (e.g. in dark
footpaths), as perceptions of crime often exceed the reality.
Recommendations relating to the planning of new and existing urban areas, ranging from a few streets to a
city centre, an industrial estate, or a large open space for public use, are given in ENV 14383-2.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification gives guidance and recommendations for reducing the risk of crimes against
people and property in dwellings and their immediate surroundings through planning and design. It covers
new and existing dwellings, in single or multiple units.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 14383-1, Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 1: Definitions of specific terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the terms and definitions given in prEN 14383-1 apply.
4 Objectives and methodology
4.1 General
While it is important to consider individual buildings in detail, it is also essential to be aware of the influence
exerted by the design and layout of the neighbourhood. This is sometimes referred to as the ‘Meso’ level and
includes road layout, infrastructure and location of facilities. Town planners, designers, developers and
professionals with crime prevention expertise should be involved as a design team, to ensure that designing
out crime factors are taken into account in the early stages of the planning process.
The joint approach should consider the various factors that can reduce the opportunity to commit crime. Some
of the most important factors are ownership, human presence and conflict minimisation.
The design and layout of public space in the neighbourhood should encourage local residents to regard it as
their own and take responsibility for it. If this can be achieved, crime and antisocial behaviour are less likely to
occur, or continue without local people reacting to it.
NOTE One of the strongest prevention factors for potential offenders is the risk of being seen and identified, which is
why human presence and natural surveillance are so important. These factors are easier to achieve with
mixed usage as this can prolong liveliness and movement throughout an extended period of the day. Street furniture
should be designed to enable good sight lines and provide wide natural surveillance. Equally access to buildings should
front onto public space for the same reason.
Fear of crime, whether justified or perceived, should be considered and the design of the environment should
take this into account. Any design feature that could possibly give rise to a potential conflict situation should
be avoided. Safe and integrated options for pedestrians and/or cyclists should be included and give a feeling
of safety that will encourage their use.
Buildings meant for residential purposes can be split into two categories:
a) Individual dwellings, detached or in groups;
b) Residential blocks with apartments.
In the area of crime prevention, three objective criteria have been taken into account:
a) Risk to body and life;
b) The nature and value of the property to be protected;
c) The degree of accessibility of this property.
The history of crime in Europe demonstrates that property theft is often linked with crimes against people
(subjected to physical assault at home or close to their residence).
Technical protection measures will assist in preventing crime against persons and property and unauthorised
access to buildings.
Recommendations are also given for the protection of vehicles and other property kept in common areas.
The methodology will consist of describing the behaviour patterns of potential offenders, providing a risk
analysis tool for the site under cons
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2005
Preprečevanje kriminala – Urbanistično planiranje in projektiranje – 3. del:
Stanovanja
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 3: Dwellings
Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und Gebäudeplanung - Teil 3:
Wohnungen
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception des bâtiments - Partie 3 :
Logements
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 14383-3:2005
ICS:
13.310 Varstvo pred kriminalom Protection against crime
91.020 Prostorsko planiranje. Physical planning. Town
Urbanizem planning
91.040.30 Stanovanjske stavbe Residential buildings
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 14383-3
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
October 2005
ICS 91.040.30; 13.310
English Version
Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part
3: Dwellings
Prévention de la malveillance - Urbanisme et conception Vorbeugende Kriminalitätsbekämpfung - Stadt- und
des bâtiments - Partie 3 : Logements Gebäudeplanung - Teil 3: Wohnungen
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 24 April 2005 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 14383-3:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction.4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Objectives and methodology .5
5 Risk analysis and assessment of related protection levels.7
6 Level of protection.8
7 Individual dwellings.9
8 The building envelope .12
9 Residential blocks.14
10 Enhancing security in residential blocks.15
11 Apartments.19
12 Management and maintenance of residential blocks.19
Annex A (informative) Resistance classes for windows, doors and shutters and requirements
for related hardware conforming to ENV 1627.21
Annex B (informative) Risk analysis of the vulnerability of dwellings to burglary.23
Annex C (informative) Quick reference guide to the vulnerability of dwellings to burglary.46
Annex D (informative) Security grades of intrusion alarm systems as EN 50131-1 .49
Annex E (informative) Indicators of security problems in residential areas.50
Annex F (informative) Cost/benefit checklist of methods to enhance security in residential blocks.51
Bibliography.54
Foreword
This CEN Technical Specification (CEN/TS 14383-3:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 325 “Prevention of crime by urban planing design”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV.
The status of Technical Specification was proposed to give all countries the opportunity to compare
experiences and to harmonise procedures. In particular, the guidance given in the Annexes needs to be
tested in use to establish realistic security levels.
This Technical Specification is one of a series for “The prevention of crime by urban planning and building
design”, that consists of the following parts:
Part 1 – Definitions of specific terms
Part 2 – Urban planning
Part 3 – Dwellings
Part 4 – Shops and offices
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
Introduction
In considering security measures aimed at preventing crime and antisocial behaviour and the fear of crime in
residential areas, one of the most difficult tasks is determining the type and level of the threat (e.g. vandalism,
burglary, aggression) and the scope of measures to be taken in order to reduce it.
The causes of crime have been researched for many years. There are many factors that can influence the
possibility of an offence being committed or not. Certain factors, for example socio-economic conditions are
beyond the remit of this standard. Other factors such as neighbourhood layout and building design can be
considered along with more specific reference to target-hardening measures.
Three basic criminological approaches have been adopted: Rational Choice, Routine Activities and Defensible
Space.
a) Rational Choice states that potential offenders will normally undertake their own risk assessment before
deciding to commit a crime. They will consider the chances of being seen, the ease of entry and the
chance of escape without detection.
b) The Routine Activities theory assumes that for an offence to take place there need to be three factors
present: a motivated offender, a suitable target or victim and a lack of capable guardian. To prevent a
crime it is necessary to alter the influence of one of these factors. For example, an offender can be de-
motivated by increasing the level of surveillance or by making access more difficult. A target can also be
made less attractive by increasing security or removing escape routes. Similarly, the presence or
influence of a capable guardian, either real or implied, can assist in creating a sense of neighbourliness.
c) The Defensible Space theory applies to the different levels of acceptance that exist for people to
legitimately be in different types of space. Everyone has a right to be in a public space, such as a street,
but they do not have the right to be in the garden of another person’s dwelling, which is a private space. It
is equally important to differentiate and distinguish public space from semi-public and semi-private space,
to make it possible to use either formal or informal social control over those spaces in ways that prevent
crime and antisocial behaviour developing or progressing unhindered.
Most offences are committed because perpetrators enjoy opportunities: easy access, hiding places, absence
of demarcation between public and private space, poor lighting and/or favourable landscaping. By
understanding the motivation of potential offenders and counterbalancing it by specific physical security
measures combined with real or symbolic design elements, this Technical Specification aims to assist
designers, planners, estate managers and stakeholders in the area of crime prevention to:
a) Define the protection measures most appropriate to the site.
b) Influence decisions relating to building design, the layout of the site, landscaping, and other related details
in order to make dwellings attractive and safe for inhabitants and unattractive targets for potential
offenders.
In residential areas with either individual dwellings and/or residential blocks, the purpose is not only to protect
properties against burglary but also to prevent access by unwanted visitors, the illegal appropriation of space,
degradation of the environment and to fight fear of crime.
The design of the built environment can also influence individual perceptions of fear of crime (e.g. in dark
footpaths), as perceptions of crime often exceed the reality.
Recommendations relating to the planning of new and existing urban areas, ranging from a few streets to a
city centre, an industrial estate, or a large open space for public use, are given in ENV 14383-2.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification gives guidance and recommendations for reducing the risk of crimes against
people and property in dwellings and their immediate surroundings through planning and design. It covers
new and existing dwellings, in single or multiple units.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 14383-1, Prevention of crime - Urban planning and building design - Part 1: Definitions of specific terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the terms and definitions given in prEN 14383-1 apply.
4 Objectives and methodology
4.1 General
While it is important to consider individual buildings in detail, it is also essential to be aware of the influence
exerted by the design and layout of the neighbourhood. This is sometimes referred to as the ‘Meso’ level and
includes road layout, infrastructure and location of facilities. Town planners, designers, developers and
professionals with crime prevention expertise should be involved as a design team, to ensure that designing
out crime factors are taken into account in the early stages of the planning process.
The joint approach should consider the various factors that can reduce the opportunity to commit crime. Some
of the most important factors are ownership, human presence and conflict minimisation.
The design and layout of public space in the neighbourhood should encourage local residents to regard it as
their own and take responsibility for it. If this can be achieved, crime and antisocial behaviour are less likely to
occur, or continue without local people reacting to it.
NOTE One of the strongest prevention factors for potential offenders is the risk of being seen and identified, which is
why human presence and natural surveillance are so important. These factors are easier to achieve with
mixed usage as this can prolong liveliness and movement throughout an extended period of the day. Street furniture
should be designed to enable good sight lines and provide wide natural surveillance. Equally access to buildings should
front onto public space for the same reason.
Fear of crime, whether justified or perceived, should be considered and the design of the environment should
take this into account. Any design feature that could possibly give rise to a potential conflict situation should
be avoided. Safe and integrated options for pedestrians and/or cyclists should be included and give a feeling
of safety that will encourage their use.
Buildings meant for residential purposes can be split into two categories:
a) Individual dwellings, detached or in groups;
b) Residential blocks with apartments.
In the area of crime prevention, three objective criteria have been taken into account:
a) Risk to body and life;
b) The nature and value of the property to be protected;
c) The degree of accessibility of this property.
The history of crime in Europe demonstrates that property theft is often linked with crimes against people
(subjected to physical assault at home or close to their residence).
Technical protection measures will assist in preventing crime against persons and property and unauthorised
access to buildings.
Recommendations are also given for the protection of vehicles and other property kept in common areas.
The methodology will consist of describing the behaviour patterns of potential offenders, providing a risk
analysis tool for the site under consideration, w
...
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