kSIST FprEN ISO 18541-1:2021

Road vehicles - Standardized access to automotive repair and maintenance information (RMI) - Part 1: General information and use case definition (ISO/FDIS 18541-1:2021)

Straßenfahrzeuge - Standardisierter Zugang zu Reparatur- und Wartungsinformationen (RMI) - Teil 1: Allgemeine Informationen und Beschreibung der Anwendungsfälle (ISO/FDIS 18541-1:2021)

Dieses Dokument enthält allgemeine Informationen und Strukturen der einzelnen Teile der ISO 18541. Außerdem werden Anwendungsfälle in Bezug auf RMI der Automobilindustrie in diesem Dokument festgelegt. Die Anwendungsfälle spiegeln reale Szenarien wider (z. B. Instandhaltung von Fahrzeugen), die für den Zugang zu Informationen erforderlich sind, um Pannenhilfe, Untersuchungen, Diagnose, Reparaturen und Wartungen, sowie die Neuprogrammierung und Ersatz elektronischer Steuergeräte (ECUs), durchzuführen.
Zusätzlich legt dieses Dokument Anforderungen zur Gewährung von Zugriffsrechten für sicherheitsrelevante RMI in Anhang A fest, welche dem SERMI Schema folgen.
RMI-Systeme, die vom Personal für die Durchführung von Instandhaltungsleistungen verwendet werden, bestehen aus:
- einem webbasierten System, das Zugang zu RMI gewährt, die für die Durchführung von Instandhaltungsleistung(en) erforderlich ist (sind);
- liefert spezifische RMI Kontaktinformationen;
- einem Sicherheitsrahmen, mit dem der Zugang zu sicherheitsrelevanten RMI geschützt wird.
Dieses Dokument gilt für leichte Personenkraftwagen und Nutzfahrzeuge.

Véhicules routiers - Normalisation de l'accès aux informations relatives à la réparation et à la maintenance pour l'automobile (RMI) - Partie 1: Informations générales et définitions de cas d'utilisation (ISO/FDIS 18541-1:2021)

Le présent document donne un aperçu général et la structure de chaque partie de la norme ISO 18541. Il décrit également des « cas d’utilisation » relatifs à l’accès normalisé aux informations de réparation et de maintenance (RMI) pour l’automobile. Les cas d’utilisation portent sur des scénarios réalistes (par exemple dans le cadre de la maintenance de véhicules) en ce qui concerne l’accès aux informations nécessaire pour l’assistance routière, le contrôle, le diagnostic, la réparation et la maintenance, y compris la mise à jour et le remplacement des Unités de Contrôle Électronique (UCE).
De plus, le présent document définit dans l’Annexe A les exigences afin d’accorder l’accès aux RMI relatives à la sécurité selon le système SERMI.
Les systèmes RMI utilisés par le personnel pour réaliser les opérations d’entretien comprennent :
- un système accessible par Internet, qui donne accès aux RMI nécessaires pour réaliser la ou les opérations d’entretien ;
- la fourniture de coordonnées pour des RMI spécifiques ;
- un cadre de mesures destiné à sécuriser l'accès aux informations RMI relatives à la sécurité du véhicule.
Le présent document s'applique aux véhicules particuliers et utilitaires légers.

Cestna vozila - Standardiziran dostop do informacij o popravilih in vzdrževanju avtomobilov (RMI) - 1. del: Splošne informacije in definicija primerov uporabe (ISO/FDIS 18541-1:2021)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 27-Sep-2020
• ICS: 43.040.15 - Car informatics. On board computer systems
• ICS: 43.180 - Diagnostic, maintenance and test equipment
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 5020 - Formal vote (FV) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 11-Mar-2021
• Due Date: 29-Apr-2021
• Completion Date: 19-Mar-2021
• Mandate: M/421 - Mandate to the european standardisation organisations for standardisation in the field of vehicle OBD, repair and Maintenance information
• Ref Project: EN ISO 18541-1:2021 - Road vehicles - Standardized access to automotive repair and maintenance information (RMI) - Part 1: General information and use case definition (ISO 18541-1:2021)

RELATIONS

• Revised: SIST EN ISO 18541-1:2014 - Road vehicles - Standardized access to automotive repair and maintenance information (RMI) - Part 1: General information and use case definition (ISO 18541-1:2014)
• Effective Date: 20-Feb-2019
• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 18541-1:2014 - Road vehicles - Standardized access to automotive repair and maintenance information (RMI) - Part 1: General information and use case definition (ISO 18541-1:2014)
• Effective Date: 07-Jul-2021

Standards Content (sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
01-september-2020
Cestna vozila - Standardiziran dostop do informacij o popravilih in vzdrževanju
avtomobilov (RMI) - 1. del: Splošne informacije in definicija primerov uporabe
(ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020)

Road vehicles - Standardized access to automotive repair and maintenance information

(RMI) - Part 1: General information and use case definition (ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020)

Straßenfahrzeuge - Standardisierter Zugang zu Reparatur- und Wartungsinformationen

(RMI) - Teil 1: Allgemeine Informationen und Beschreibung der Anwendungsfälle
(ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020)

Véhicules routiers - Normalisation de l'accès aux informations relatives à la réparation et

à la maintenance pour l'automobile (RMI) - Partie 1: Informations générales et définitions

de cas d'utilisation (ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 18541-1
ICS:
43.040.15 Avtomobilska informatika. Car informatics. On board
Vgrajeni računalniški sistemi computer systems
43.180 Diagnostična, vdrževalna in Diagnostic, maintenance and
preskusna oprema test equipment
oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 18541-1
ISO/TC 22/SC 31 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2020-07-06 2020-09-28
Road vehicles — Standardized access to automotive repair
and maintenance information (RMI) —
Part 1:
General information and use case definition

Véhicules routiers — Normalisation de l'accès aux informations relatives à la réparation et à la

maintenance pour l'automobile (RMI) —
Partie 1: Informations générales et définitions de cas d'usage
ICS: 43.040.15; 43.180
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2020
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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting

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ISO copyright office
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vi

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Abbreviated terms .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7

5 Document overview and structure .................................................................................................................................................... 7

6 General information ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

6.1 Access to vehicle RMI ........................................................................................................................................................................ 9

6.2 Standardized access to RMI benefit examples ..........................................................................................................10

6.2.1 Independent operators ...........................................................................................................................................10

6.2.2 Vehicle manufacturers .............................................................................................................................................11

7 RMI use case overview and principles ........................................................................................................................................11

7.1 Overview of basic principles ....................................................................................................................................................11

7.2 Overview of use case clusters .................................................................................................................................................11

7.3 Access to security-related RMI ...............................................................................................................................................14

8 RMI use cases ........................................................................................................................................................................................................14

8.1 UC 1 User authentication, authorization and administration .....................................................................14

8.1.1 UC 1.1 Register IO for use of the VM RMI system .............................................................................14

8.1.2 UC 1.2 Register IO employee for use of the VM RMI system ...................................................16

8.1.3 UC 1.3 Maintain IO status ......................................................................................................................................16

8.1.4 UC 1.4 Maintain user status .................................................................................................................................16

8.1.5 UC 1.5 Request to delete the registration of an IO employee .................................................17

8.1.6 UC 1.6 Login to VM RMI system .......................................................................................................................17

8.1.7 UC 1.7 Grant access to security-related RMI .........................................................................................18

8.2 UC 2 Payment for RMI ....................................................................................................................................................................18

8.3 UC 3 Vehicle identification .........................................................................................................................................................19

8.3.1 UC 3.1 Vehicle identification through use of the VIN .....................................................................19

8.3.2 UC 3.2 Vehicle type identification via product features ..............................................................19

8.4 UC 4 Provide selection methods for RMI .......................................................................................................................21

8.4.1 UC 4.1 Select information type .........................................................................................................................21

8.4.2 UC 4.2 Search by standardized terms .........................................................................................................22

8.4.3 UC 4.3 Navigate using product structure .................................................................................................22

8.4.4 UC 4.4 Select by document identifier ..........................................................................................................23

8.5 UC 5 Retrieve information packages .................................................................................................................................23

8.5.1 UC 5.1 Workshop procedures ............................................................................................................................23

8.5.2 UC 5.2 Wiring diagrams ..........................................................................................................................................24

8.5.3 UC 5.3 Technical service bulletin ....................................................................................................................25

8.5.4 UC 5.4 Recall information ......................................................................................................................................25

8.5.5 UC 5.5 Maintenance schedule ............................................................................................................................25

8.5.6 UC 5.6 Spare parts .......................................................................................................................................................26

8.5.7 UC 5.7 Accessories .......................................................................................................................................................26

8.5.8 UC 5.8 Labour times ...................................................................................................................................................27

8.5.9 UC 5.9 Converted vehicles .....................................................................................................................................27

8.5.10 UC 5.10 Special tools .................................................................................................................................................28

8.6 UC 6 Vehicle diagnostics ..............................................................................................................................................................28

8.6.1 UC 6.1 DTC resolution ..............................................................................................................................................28

8.6.2 UC 6.2 VM symptom resolution .......................................................................................................................28

8.6.3 UC 6.3 Integrated diagnostics ............................................................................................................................29

8.7 UC 7 Updating, replacing and tuning of modules (ECUs) ................................................................................29

8.7.1 UC 7.1 Updating and replacing modules ..................................................................................................29

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8.7.2 UC 7.2 Tuning kit ..........................................................................................................................................................30

8.8 UC 8 Electronic maintenance history ...............................................................................................................................30

8.9 UC 9 Repair assistance technical support .....................................................................................................................31

8.10 UC 10 Request contact for specific RMI ..........................................................................................................................31

8.10.1 UC 10.1 Electronic tool information (Diagnostic, Reprogramming, VCI) .....................31

8.10.2 UC 10.2 Test equipment and diagnostic tool manufacturers..................................................32

8.10.3 UC 10.3 Training material (delegate information) ..........................................................................32

8.10.4 UC 10.4 Redistributors ............................................................................................................................................32

8.10.5 UC 10.5 Republishers ................................................................................................................................................33

8.10.6 UC 10.6 Inspection and testing services ...................................................................................................33

8.10.7 UC 10.7 Alternative fuels retrofit systems ..............................................................................................34

8.10.8 UC 10.8 Engine and components remanufacturing ........................................................................34

8.10.9 UC 10.9 Component and parts manufacturers ....................................................................................34

8.10.10 UC 10.10 Validation of independently developed non-proprietary VCIs .....................35

8.11 UC 11 Courses and training information .......................................................................................................................35

Annex A (normative) Access to Security Related RMI in Europe ..........................................................................................37

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................39

iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 31,

data communication.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 18541-1:2014), which has been technically

revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Security-related RMI according to SERMI scheme moved to normative Annex A;
— Correction of errors and improvement of formulations in the entire document.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18541 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
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Introduction

The series of standards ISO 18541 includes the requirements to be fulfilled by Repair and Maintenance

Information (RMI) systems as applied by the European Commission — Enterprise and Industry

[4]

Directorate-General, Consumer goods — Automotive industry EC mandate M/421 , dated Brussels, 21

January 2008.

This mandate relates to the EC type-approval system for vehicles falling into the scopes of Directives

[7] [5]

70/156/EEC (replaced by 2007/46/EC ), 2002/24/EC (replaced by (EU) 168/2013 ) and 2003/37/

[6]

EC (replaced by (EU) 167/2013 ) and, in particular, to requirements for access to vehicle repair and

maintenance information by independent operators.

The purpose of the EC Mandate M/421 is to develop a standard or set of standards which specify the

requirements to provide standardized access to automotive repair and maintenance information (RMI)

for independent operators.

The series of standards ISO 18541 only covers access to automotive repair and maintenance information

for light passenger and commercial vehicles (see NOTE 1) and heavy-duty vehicles (see NOTE 2) based

[7]

on Directive 2007/46/EC and for two-or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles based on regulation

[5]
(EU) 168/2013 .

The information included in the series of standards ISO 18541 derives from the legislative requirements

on European level in the field of RMI and related security requirements and can be referenced by

legislation in other countries.

NOTE 1 Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on

type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles

(Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information and Commission Regulation

(EC) No 692/2008 of 18 July 2008 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European

Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger

and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information and

amending Commission Regulation (EU) No 566/2011 of 8 June 2011 amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of

the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 as regards access to

vehicle repair and maintenance information.

NOTE 2 Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on type-

approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and on access to vehicle

repair and maintenance information, Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 of 25 May 2011 implementing

and amending Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with respect to

emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI), and Commission Regulation (EU) No 64/2012 of 23 January 2012

amending Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 2011 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the

European Parliament and of the Council with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI).

vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 18541-1:2020(E)
Road vehicles — Standardized access to automotive repair
and maintenance information (RMI) —
Part 1:
General information and use case definition
1 Scope

This document provides a general overview and structure of each part of ISO 18541. This document also

describes the use cases applicable to the standardized access to automotive RMI. The use cases address

real world scenarios (e.g. servicing vehicles) regarding the information access necessary to perform

vehicle roadside assistance, inspection, diagnosis, repair and maintenance, including the updating and

replacement of Electronic Control Units (ECU).

Furthermore, this document defines requirements for granting access to security-related RMI in

Annex A following the SERMI scheme.
The RMI systems used by personnel to perform the services consist of:

— a web-based system, which provides access to RMI needed to perform the service(s);

— contact information for specific RMI;

— a security framework to protect access to security-related RMI (vehicle theft protection measures).

This document is applicable to light passenger vehicle and light commercial vehicles.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO/DIS 18541-2, Road vehicles — Standardized access to automotive repair and maintenance information

(RMI) — Part 2: Technical requirements

ISO 9594-8:2017, Information technology — Open Systems Interconnection — Part 8: The Directory: Public

key and attribute certificate frameworks

SERMI scheme — Scheme for accreditation, approval and authorization to access security-related

repair and maintenance information (created by the SERMI de-facto association); source: http:// www

.vehiclesermi .eu/
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
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oSIST prEN ISO 18541-1:2020
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3.1
access level

level of access to RMI (3.37) which is either related to security or not related to security

EXAMPLE One might consider an access to RMI related to security and another one to RMI not related to

security. They represent two different access levels.
3.2
accessories

supplementary features and components selected by a vehicle owner to enhance safety, performance,

comfort, etc. and whose fitting does not impact on the vehicle approval
3.3
alternate fuel

type of fuel that is either gaseous at atmospheric temperature and pressure or substantially non-

mineral oil derived
[14]
Note 1 to entry: Adopted from Regulation (EC) 715/2007 .
3.4
alternate fuels retrofit systems

engine systems mounted on an already registered vehicle for the purpose of operation with alternative

fuels (3.3)
3.5
alternative fuels system manufacturer
manufacturer of an engine system operating with an alternative fuel (3.3)
3.6
appropriate software level
applicable software version for the individual vehicle
3.7
authorized repairer

provider of repair and maintenance services for motor vehicles operating within the distribution

system set up by a supplier of motor vehicles
[9]
Note 1 to entry: See Regulation (EC) 461/2010 Article 1 (1)(c) .
3.8
certificate

electronic document which uses a digital signature to bind a public key with an identity

3.9
converted vehicle

factory-produced vehicle which has been altered by the addition, deletion, substitution or modification

of the body, chassis or essential parts that resembles, but is no longer identical to, the original vehicle

for a special purpose e.g. to act as rescue vehicle or taxicab
3.10
detailed diagnosis
diagnostic process that identifies, with precision, potential malfunction causes

Note 1 to entry: A precise diagnosis can be achieved in several steps, whereby the user might be requested to

perform test actions on the vehicle or to enter symptoms.
3.11
diagnostic information

description of an error or symptom and a list of potential causes or hints for further investigation to the

same level and content as provided to the AR (3.7)
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3.12
diagnostic trouble code
DTC
numeric or alphanumeric identifier which identifies or labels a malfunction
[15]

Note 1 to entry: Adopted from United Nations Global Technical Regulation (3.14) No.°5 .

3.13
electronic maintenance history

digital information package with virtual stamps that confirms the execution of the prescribed

maintenance actions according to the VM's schedule
3.14
global technical regulation
GTR
World-Wide Harmonized On-Board Diagnostics Global Technical Regulation No.°5
[15]
Note 1 to entry: See reference .
3.15
independent operator

company or legal entity other than authorized dealers and repairers who is directly or indirectly

involved in the repair and maintenance of motor vehicles

EXAMPLE Repairers, manufacturers or distributors of repair equipment, tools or spare parts, publishers of

technical information, automobile clubs, roadside assistance operators, operators offering inspection and testing

services, operators offering training for installers, manufacturers and repairers of equipment for alternative fuel

vehicles.
3.16
IO approval

process by which, upon payment of a reasonable and proportionate fee, the CAB sanctions or approves

a legitimate commercial enterprise to engage in security-related RMI (3.40) activities

3.17
IO authorization

process by which, upon payment of a reasonable and proportionate fee, the CAB assesses that an

individual employee of an approved IO (3.15) complies with the requirements specified in this document

and is entitled to be given access to security-related RMI (3.40)

Note 1 to entry: As part of this authorization, the individual employee will be allocated, upon payment of a

reasonable and proportionate fee, a secure hardware token containing a personal digital certificate and a PIN

that will be supplied by the trust centre
3.18
IO commercial re-user
entity that is acting as a redistributor (3.35) or a republisher (3.38)
3.19
IO legal representative

natural person empowered to legally represent the IO (3.15) in all aspects of the access to vehicle

RMI (3.37)
3.20
information package

collection of information provided by the VM's RMI system (3.48) in response to a specific request

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3.21
information type
category, group or set of information

EXAMPLE Workshop procedures (for body repair, temporary repair, periodic technical inspection), wiring

diagrams, technical service bulletins, recall information and maintenance information.

3.22
integrated diagnostics

process which interprets via an integrated application the memory content of ECUs and provides a

diagnostic and repair recommendation

Note 1 to entry: Diagnostic application and VM RMI systems (3.48) cooperate online, so technical information is

provided during the diagnostics process and used for the diagnostic steps.
3.23
IO employee
natural person employed by the IO (3.15)
3.24
light commercial vehicle

motor vehicle intended for the transport of goods or passengers with a maximum mass not exceeding

3,5 tonnes
3.25
light passenger vehicle

vehicle according to category M1 (≦8 passenger seats except driver seat) in the United Nations

Economic and Social Council World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) TRANS/

WP.29/78/Rev.2.
3.26
maintenance history
history of the performed, prescribed actions for maintaining a vehicle
EXAMPLE Oil changes and other periodic maintenance.
3.27
maintenance schedule

prescribed sequence of maintenance actions for a vehicle following the requirements of the

manufacturer
3.28
on-board diagnostics
OBD

system on board a vehicle or engine which can detect malfunctions and, if applicable, of indicating their

occurrence by means of an alert system, identifying the likely area of the malfunctions by means of

information s
...