SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
(Main)Management of terminology resources -- Terminology databases -- Part 2: Software
Management of terminology resources -- Terminology databases -- Part 2: Software
This document specifies essential features of terminology management systems, regardless of specific software engineering paradigms, user interface and user assistance design principles, and specific data models. These features enable maximum efficiency and quality in terminology work and, thus, support creating, processing, and using high quality terminology. The intended audiences of this document are software engineers/developers as well as terminologists, technical communicators, translators, interpreters, language planners, and subject field experts.
This document describes all features needed for recording, editing, maintaining, exchanging, and presenting terminological data. Term extraction features used to identify new terms are out of the scope of this document.
Systèmes de gestion de la terminologie, de la connaissance et du contenu -- Bases de données terminologiques -- Partie 2: Logiciels
Upravljanje terminoloških virov - Terminološke baze podatkov - 2. del: Programska oprema
General Information
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Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
01-marec-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST ISO 26162:2013
Upravljanje terminoloških virov - Terminološke baze podatkov - 2. del: Programska
oprema
Management of terminology resources -- Terminology databases -- Part 2: Software
Systèmes de gestion de la terminologie, de la connaissance et du contenu -- Bases de
données terminologiques -- Partie 2: Logiciels
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 26162-2:2019
ICS:
01.020 Terminologija (načela in Terminology (principles and
koordinacija) coordination)
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
35.080 Programska oprema Software
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26162-2
First edition
2019-11
Management of terminology
resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
Gestion des resources terminologiques — Bases de données
terminologiques —
Partie 2: Logiciels
Reference number
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Terminology management systems . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Terminological metamodel . 3
4.3 Creating terminology databases . 3
4.3.1 Terminology database definition . 3
4.3.2 Data categories . 3
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities . 4
4.3.4 Roles and rights . 4
4.4 Data input and editing . 4
4.5 Searching and filtering . 5
4.6 Sorting . 7
4.7 Data validation . 7
4.8 Data representation . 8
4.9 Data exchange . 8
4.10 Analysis and statistics . 9
4.11 Workflow and object management . 9
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Language and terminology,
Subcommittee SC 3, Management of terminology resources.
This first edition of ISO 26162-2, together with ISO 26162-1, cancels and replaces ISO 26162:2012, which
has been technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the document has been split into parts. The first part is focusing on the design of terminology
database design, the second part on the development of terminology management systems;
— all references to generic software design principles and specific use cases have been removed.
A list of all parts of the ISO 26162 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Introduction
Terminologies are the totality of concepts in given subject fields represented by terms and other
designations and described by using additional terminological data. In general, these data are organized
in structured terminology databases and are usually manipulated in specific software applications
called terminology management systems. Terminology databases usually vary with regard to their
underlying data model and consist of different sets of data categories, while terminology management
systems generally differ depending on their functionality and the platform they are designed for.
The ISO 26162 series gives guidance on designing terminology databases and on essential terminology
management system features. The series can also be used to evaluate the conformance and suitability
of terminology databases and terminology management systems.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Management of terminology resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
1 Scope
This document specifies essential features of terminology management systems, regardless of specific
software engineering paradigms, user interface and user assistance design principles, and specific data
models. These features enable maximum efficiency and quality in terminology work and, thus, support
creating, processing, and using high quality terminology. The intended audiences of this document
are software engineers/developers as well as terminologists, technical communicators, translators,
interpreters, language planners, and subject field experts.
This document describes all features needed for recording, editing, maintaining, exchanging, and
presenting terminological data. Term extraction features used to identify new terms are out of the
scope of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 704, Terminology work — Principles and methods
ISO 1087, Terminology work — Vocabulary
ISO 8601 (all parts), Date and time — Representations for information interchange
ISO 12620, Management of terminology resources — Data category specifications
ISO 16642, Computer applications in terminology — Terminological markup framework
ISO 23185, Assessment and benchmarking of terminological resources — General concepts, principles and
requirements
ISO 26162-1:2019, Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 1: Design
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1087, ISO 26162-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
3.1
terminology management system
TMS
software tool specifically designed with a metadata structure for collecting, maintaining, and accessing
terminological data
[SOURCE: ISO 1087:2019, 3.6.13]
3.2
concept entry structure
part of a terminology database that defines the structure for concept entries
3.3
input template
template that is created based on a concept entry structure (3.2) (or a subset of it) for the purpose of
data input
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one input template can be
necessary.
3.4
layout template
template that defines how concept entries are displayed in the user interface
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one layout template can be
necessary.
3.5
terminology database definition
database information that defines the data categories and the concept entry structure (3.2) of a
terminology database
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of management requirements, more than one terminology database
definition can be necessary.
4 Terminology management systems
4.1 General
The design of terminology management systems requires a deep understanding of terminology theory
and terminology work. In this sense, and in order to achieve high quality results, the following shall
be used:
— established terms and definitions as defined in ISO 1087;
— principles and methods as defined in ISO 704;
— data modeling criteria as defined in ISO 16642 and ISO 12620;
— usability metrics as defined in ISO 23185.
Terminology databases are used for collecting terminologies. Terminologies can achieve a high level of
structural complexity and can be created and used by different user groups, each of them with their own
specific needs. Consequently, terminology management systems shall be designed to respond to a wide
range of potential use cases that can differ from those of conventional database management systems,
particularly with regards to human-machine interaction and the interaction with other terminology-
processing systems, such as translation memory systems, localization tools or authoring tools.
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
4.2 Terminological metamodel
Every terminology database shall comply with the terminological metamodel defined in ISO 16642 (for
more information see also ISO 26162-1). Thus, terminology management systems shall allow for the
instantiation of every level of the terminological metamodel, from high-level containers (global and
complementary information) down to the term component section.
4.3 Creating terminology databases
4.3.1 Terminology database definition
When creating terminology databases, the terminology management system shall support the following
essential features to allow users to perform the following actions:
— assign a name to a terminology database;
— describe a terminology database (content, rights, copyright, etc.);
— provide a core concept entry structure based on the terminological metamodel (see 4.2) including
the option to add/remove the term component section;
— use predefined concept entry structures;
— set up customizable concept entry structures;
— aggregate data categories at the core concept entry structure and further nest these data categories;
1)
— explicitly aggregate data categories , such as /definition/, /source/ or /note/ at the language level;
— replicate part of the concept entry structure when setting up a terminology database (for example,
copy a set of data categories from the French language section for creating an identical data category
set for the Spanish language section);
— repeat data categories (see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.4.3);
— define the use (e.g. mandatory, see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3) and the cardinality of data categories
(see 4.3.3);
— preview terminology database definitions;
— extend, condense and/or otherwise change terminology database definitions.
4.3.2 Data categories
Terminological data in specific data fields are instances of terminological data categories that have
been previously defined during the terminology database setup and then have been associated with
the corresponding levels of the terminological metamodel (for data categories see ISO 26162-1:2019,
4.3). The terminology management system shall also allow parent-child relationships between data
categories, such as the relationship between /definition/ and /source/ illustrated in the following
example:
EXAMPLE
Concept entry identifier: 3 (for concept circuit-breaker)
Concept position: 1.2
1) In this document, data category names used in running text are indicated between forward slashes (for example,
/definition/).
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Definition: mechanical switching device, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal
circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specified duration and breaking currents under specified
2)
abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit
Source (of definition): Electropedia
During terminology database setup, terminology management systems shall provide a predefined set
of data categories and picklist values from established repositories and standards in order to support a
high grade of interoperability between terminology databases (and other applications and resources).
For example, common terminological data categories are specified in DatCatInfo (see Reference [10]),
language codes are defined in ISO 639 (all parts), country codes are defined in ISO 3166 (all parts),
and subject field codes can be taken from universal classification systems, such as the Universal
Decimal Classification. However, terminology management systems shall also allow for the creation of
customizable data categories and picklist values if appropriate data categories or picklist values are
not available. If predefined data categories and picklist values are implemented for use in multilingual
environments, these data categories and picklist values shall be made available in the desired user
interface language.
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities
In terminology, free text strings (such as terms, definitions or contexts), picklists, binaries (such
as figures, audio or video), cross-references (such as between concept entries or links to external
resources), and Boolean values are the most common data types. However, in order to cover any
potential use case, terminology management systems should support other data types like those
defined for XML Schema, for example, or other schema or programming languages.
Furthermore, terminology management systems shall allow users to configure cardinalities, i.e. to set
a specific number of occurrences for any data category, for instance, to allow for only one definition at
the concept entry level.
4.3.4 Roles and rights
Distributed terminology work usually requires the assignment of different roles and rights (see also
ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3.2.3 and 4.5). Specific terminology database objects (such as terminology database
definitions, input templates, export/import profiles, filters) or instances (such as concept entries,
certain language and/or certain term sections) require specific roles and rights. Thus, appropriate
roles and rights can be granted depending on:
— authorization types, such as supervisor, creator, proposer, end user;
— work profiles, such as author, translator, service
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
01-marec-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST ISO 26162:2013
Upravljanje terminoloških virov - Terminološke baze podatkov - 2. del: Programska
oprema
Management of terminology resources -- Terminology databases -- Part 2: Software
Systèmes de gestion de la terminologie, de la connaissance et du contenu -- Bases de
données terminologiques -- Partie 2: Logiciels
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 26162-2:2019
ICS:
01.020 Terminologija (načela in Terminology (principles and
koordinacija) coordination)
35.080 Programska oprema Software
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26162-2
First edition
2019-11
Management of terminology
resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
Gestion des resources terminologiques — Bases de données
terminologiques —
Partie 2: Logiciels
Reference number
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Terminology management systems . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Terminological metamodel . 3
4.3 Creating terminology databases . 3
4.3.1 Terminology database definition . 3
4.3.2 Data categories . 3
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities . 4
4.3.4 Roles and rights . 4
4.4 Data input and editing . 4
4.5 Searching and filtering . 5
4.6 Sorting . 7
4.7 Data validation . 7
4.8 Data representation . 8
4.9 Data exchange . 8
4.10 Analysis and statistics . 9
4.11 Workflow and object management . 9
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Language and terminology,
Subcommittee SC 3, Management of terminology resources.
This first edition of ISO 26162-2, together with ISO 26162-1, cancels and replaces ISO 26162:2012, which
has been technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the document has been split into parts. The first part is focusing on the design of terminology
database design, the second part on the development of terminology management systems;
— all references to generic software design principles and specific use cases have been removed.
A list of all parts of the ISO 26162 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Introduction
Terminologies are the totality of concepts in given subject fields represented by terms and other
designations and described by using additional terminological data. In general, these data are organized
in structured terminology databases and are usually manipulated in specific software applications
called terminology management systems. Terminology databases usually vary with regard to their
underlying data model and consist of different sets of data categories, while terminology management
systems generally differ depending on their functionality and the platform they are designed for.
The ISO 26162 series gives guidance on designing terminology databases and on essential terminology
management system features. The series can also be used to evaluate the conformance and suitability
of terminology databases and terminology management systems.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Management of terminology resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
1 Scope
This document specifies essential features of terminology management systems, regardless of specific
software engineering paradigms, user interface and user assistance design principles, and specific data
models. These features enable maximum efficiency and quality in terminology work and, thus, support
creating, processing, and using high quality terminology. The intended audiences of this document
are software engineers/developers as well as terminologists, technical communicators, translators,
interpreters, language planners, and subject field experts.
This document describes all features needed for recording, editing, maintaining, exchanging, and
presenting terminological data. Term extraction features used to identify new terms are out of the
scope of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 704, Terminology work — Principles and methods
ISO 1087, Terminology work — Vocabulary
ISO 8601 (all parts), Date and time — Representations for information interchange
ISO 12620, Management of terminology resources — Data category specifications
ISO 16642, Computer applications in terminology — Terminological markup framework
ISO 23185, Assessment and benchmarking of terminological resources — General concepts, principles and
requirements
ISO 26162-1:2019, Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 1: Design
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1087, ISO 26162-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
3.1
terminology management system
TMS
software tool specifically designed with a metadata structure for collecting, maintaining, and accessing
terminological data
[SOURCE: ISO 1087:2019, 3.6.13]
3.2
concept entry structure
part of a terminology database that defines the structure for concept entries
3.3
input template
template that is created based on a concept entry structure (3.2) (or a subset of it) for the purpose of
data input
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one input template can be
necessary.
3.4
layout template
template that defines how concept entries are displayed in the user interface
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one layout template can be
necessary.
3.5
terminology database definition
database information that defines the data categories and the concept entry structure (3.2) of a
terminology database
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of management requirements, more than one terminology database
definition can be necessary.
4 Terminology management systems
4.1 General
The design of terminology management systems requires a deep understanding of terminology theory
and terminology work. In this sense, and in order to achieve high quality results, the following shall
be used:
— established terms and definitions as defined in ISO 1087;
— principles and methods as defined in ISO 704;
— data modeling criteria as defined in ISO 16642 and ISO 12620;
— usability metrics as defined in ISO 23185.
Terminology databases are used for collecting terminologies. Terminologies can achieve a high level of
structural complexity and can be created and used by different user groups, each of them with their own
specific needs. Consequently, terminology management systems shall be designed to respond to a wide
range of potential use cases that can differ from those of conventional database management systems,
particularly with regards to human-machine interaction and the interaction with other terminology-
processing systems, such as translation memory systems, localization tools or authoring tools.
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
4.2 Terminological metamodel
Every terminology database shall comply with the terminological metamodel defined in ISO 16642 (for
more information see also ISO 26162-1). Thus, terminology management systems shall allow for the
instantiation of every level of the terminological metamodel, from high-level containers (global and
complementary information) down to the term component section.
4.3 Creating terminology databases
4.3.1 Terminology database definition
When creating terminology databases, the terminology management system shall support the following
essential features to allow users to perform the following actions:
— assign a name to a terminology database;
— describe a terminology database (content, rights, copyright, etc.);
— provide a core concept entry structure based on the terminological metamodel (see 4.2) including
the option to add/remove the term component section;
— use predefined concept entry structures;
— set up customizable concept entry structures;
— aggregate data categories at the core concept entry structure and further nest these data categories;
1)
— explicitly aggregate data categories , such as /definition/, /source/ or /note/ at the language level;
— replicate part of the concept entry structure when setting up a terminology database (for example,
copy a set of data categories from the French language section for creating an identical data category
set for the Spanish language section);
— repeat data categories (see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.4.3);
— define the use (e.g. mandatory, see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3) and the cardinality of data categories
(see 4.3.3);
— preview terminology database definitions;
— extend, condense and/or otherwise change terminology database definitions.
4.3.2 Data categories
Terminological data in specific data fields are instances of terminological data categories that have
been previously defined during the terminology database setup and then have been associated with
the corresponding levels of the terminological metamodel (for data categories see ISO 26162-1:2019,
4.3). The terminology management system shall also allow parent-child relationships between data
categories, such as the relationship between /definition/ and /source/ illustrated in the following
example:
EXAMPLE
Concept entry identifier: 3 (for concept circuit-breaker)
Concept position: 1.2
1) In this document, data category names used in running text are indicated between forward slashes (for example,
/definition/).
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST ISO 26162-2:2021
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Definition: mechanical switching device, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal
circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specified duration and breaking currents under specified
2)
abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit
Source (of definition): Electropedia
During terminology database setup, terminology management systems shall provide a predefined set
of data categories and picklist values from established repositories and standards in order to support a
high grade of interoperability between terminology databases (and other applications and resources).
For example, common terminological data categories are specified in DatCatInfo (see Reference [10]),
language codes are defined in ISO 639 (all parts), country codes are defined in ISO 3166 (all parts),
and subject field codes can be taken from universal classification systems, such as the Universal
Decimal Classification. However, terminology management systems shall also allow for the creation of
customizable data categories and picklist values if appropriate data categories or picklist values are
not available. If predefined data categories and picklist values are implemented for use in multilingual
environments, these data categories and picklist values shall be made available in the desired user
interface language.
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities
In terminology, free text strings (such as terms, definitions or contexts), picklists, binaries (such
as figures, audio or video), cross-references (such as between concept entries or links to external
resources), and Boolean values are the most common data types. However, in order to cover any
potential use case, terminology management systems should support other data types like those
defined for XML Schema, for example, or other schema or programming languages.
Furthermore, terminology management systems shall allow users to configure cardinalities, i.e. to set
a specific number of occurrences for any data category, for instance, to allow for only one definition at
the concept entry level.
4.3.4 Roles and rights
Distributed terminology work usually requires the assignment of different roles and rights (see also
ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3.2.3 and 4.5). Specific terminology database objects (such as terminology database
definitions, input templates, export/import profiles, filters) or instances (such as concept entries,
certain language and/or certain term sections) require specific roles and rights. Thus, appropriate
roles and rights can be granted depending on:
— authorization types, such as supervisor, creator, proposer, end user;
— work profiles, such as author, translator, service and marketing staff.
4.4
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26162-2
First edition
2019-11
Management of terminology
resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
Gestion des resources terminologiques — Bases de données
terminologiques —
Partie 2: Logiciels
Reference number
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Terminology management systems . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Terminological metamodel . 3
4.3 Creating terminology databases . 3
4.3.1 Terminology database definition . 3
4.3.2 Data categories . 3
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities . 4
4.3.4 Roles and rights . 4
4.4 Data input and editing . 4
4.5 Searching and filtering . 5
4.6 Sorting . 7
4.7 Data validation . 7
4.8 Data representation . 8
4.9 Data exchange . 8
4.10 Analysis and statistics . 9
4.11 Workflow and object management . 9
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Language and terminology,
Subcommittee SC 3, Management of terminology resources.
This first edition of ISO 26162-2, together with ISO 26162-1, cancels and replaces ISO 26162:2012, which
has been technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the document has been split into parts. The first part is focusing on the design of terminology
database design, the second part on the development of terminology management systems;
— all references to generic software design principles and specific use cases have been removed.
A list of all parts of the ISO 26162 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Introduction
Terminologies are the totality of concepts in given subject fields represented by terms and other
designations and described by using additional terminological data. In general, these data are organized
in structured terminology databases and are usually manipulated in specific software applications
called terminology management systems. Terminology databases usually vary with regard to their
underlying data model and consist of different sets of data categories, while terminology management
systems generally differ depending on their functionality and the platform they are designed for.
The ISO 26162 series gives guidance on designing terminology databases and on essential terminology
management system features. The series can also be used to evaluate the conformance and suitability
of terminology databases and terminology management systems.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Management of terminology resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
1 Scope
This document specifies essential features of terminology management systems, regardless of specific
software engineering paradigms, user interface and user assistance design principles, and specific data
models. These features enable maximum efficiency and quality in terminology work and, thus, support
creating, processing, and using high quality terminology. The intended audiences of this document
are software engineers/developers as well as terminologists, technical communicators, translators,
interpreters, language planners, and subject field experts.
This document describes all features needed for recording, editing, maintaining, exchanging, and
presenting terminological data. Term extraction features used to identify new terms are out of the
scope of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 704, Terminology work — Principles and methods
ISO 1087, Terminology work — Vocabulary
ISO 8601 (all parts), Date and time — Representations for information interchange
ISO 12620, Management of terminology resources — Data category specifications
ISO 16642, Computer applications in terminology — Terminological markup framework
ISO 23185, Assessment and benchmarking of terminological resources — General concepts, principles and
requirements
ISO 26162-1:2019, Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 1: Design
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1087, ISO 26162-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
3.1
terminology management system
TMS
software tool specifically designed with a metadata structure for collecting, maintaining, and accessing
terminological data
[SOURCE: ISO 1087:2019, 3.6.13]
3.2
concept entry structure
part of a terminology database that defines the structure for concept entries
3.3
input template
template that is created based on a concept entry structure (3.2) (or a subset of it) for the purpose of
data input
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one input template can be
necessary.
3.4
layout template
template that defines how concept entries are displayed in the user interface
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one layout template can be
necessary.
3.5
terminology database definition
database information that defines the data categories and the concept entry structure (3.2) of a
terminology database
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of management requirements, more than one terminology database
definition can be necessary.
4 Terminology management systems
4.1 General
The design of terminology management systems requires a deep understanding of terminology theory
and terminology work. In this sense, and in order to achieve high quality results, the following shall
be used:
— established terms and definitions as defined in ISO 1087;
— principles and methods as defined in ISO 704;
— data modeling criteria as defined in ISO 16642 and ISO 12620;
— usability metrics as defined in ISO 23185.
Terminology databases are used for collecting terminologies. Terminologies can achieve a high level of
structural complexity and can be created and used by different user groups, each of them with their own
specific needs. Consequently, terminology management systems shall be designed to respond to a wide
range of potential use cases that can differ from those of conventional database management systems,
particularly with regards to human-machine interaction and the interaction with other terminology-
processing systems, such as translation memory systems, localization tools or authoring tools.
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
4.2 Terminological metamodel
Every terminology database shall comply with the terminological metamodel defined in ISO 16642 (for
more information see also ISO 26162-1). Thus, terminology management systems shall allow for the
instantiation of every level of the terminological metamodel, from high-level containers (global and
complementary information) down to the term component section.
4.3 Creating terminology databases
4.3.1 Terminology database definition
When creating terminology databases, the terminology management system shall support the following
essential features to allow users to perform the following actions:
— assign a name to a terminology database;
— describe a terminology database (content, rights, copyright, etc.);
— provide a core concept entry structure based on the terminological metamodel (see 4.2) including
the option to add/remove the term component section;
— use predefined concept entry structures;
— set up customizable concept entry structures;
— aggregate data categories at the core concept entry structure and further nest these data categories;
1)
— explicitly aggregate data categories , such as /definition/, /source/ or /note/ at the language level;
— replicate part of the concept entry structure when setting up a terminology database (for example,
copy a set of data categories from the French language section for creating an identical data category
set for the Spanish language section);
— repeat data categories (see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.4.3);
— define the use (e.g. mandatory, see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3) and the cardinality of data categories
(see 4.3.3);
— preview terminology database definitions;
— extend, condense and/or otherwise change terminology database definitions.
4.3.2 Data categories
Terminological data in specific data fields are instances of terminological data categories that have
been previously defined during the terminology database setup and then have been associated with
the corresponding levels of the terminological metamodel (for data categories see ISO 26162-1:2019,
4.3). The terminology management system shall also allow parent-child relationships between data
categories, such as the relationship between /definition/ and /source/ illustrated in the following
example:
EXAMPLE
Concept entry identifier: 3 (for concept circuit-breaker)
Concept position: 1.2
1) In this document, data category names used in running text are indicated between forward slashes (for example,
/definition/).
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Definition: mechanical switching device, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal
circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specified duration and breaking currents under specified
2)
abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit
Source (of definition): Electropedia
During terminology database setup, terminology management systems shall provide a predefined set
of data categories and picklist values from established repositories and standards in order to support a
high grade of interoperability between terminology databases (and other applications and resources).
For example, common terminological data categories are specified in DatCatInfo (see Reference [10]),
language codes are defined in ISO 639 (all parts), country codes are defined in ISO 3166 (all parts),
and subject field codes can be taken from universal classification systems, such as the Universal
Decimal Classification. However, terminology management systems shall also allow for the creation of
customizable data categories and picklist values if appropriate data categories or picklist values are
not available. If predefined data categories and picklist values are implemented for use in multilingual
environments, these data categories and picklist values shall be made available in the desired user
interface language.
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities
In terminology, free text strings (such as terms, definitions or contexts), picklists, binaries (such
as figures, audio or video), cross-references (such as between concept entries or links to external
resources), and Boolean values are the most common data types. However, in order to cover any
potential use case, terminology management systems should support other data types like those
defined for XML Schema, for example, or other schema or programming languages.
Furthermore, terminology management systems shall allow users to configure cardinalities, i.e. to set
a specific number of occurrences for any data category, for instance, to allow for only one definition at
the concept entry level.
4.3.4 Roles and rights
Distributed terminology work usually requires the assignment of different roles and rights (see also
ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3.2.3 and 4.5). Specific terminology database objects (such as terminology database
definitions, input templates, export/import profiles, filters) or instances (such as concept entries,
certain language and/or certain term sections) require specific roles and rights. Thus, appropriate
roles and rights can be granted depending on:
— authorization types, such as supervisor, creator, proposer, end user;
— work profiles, such as author, translator, service and marketing staff.
4.4 Data input and editing
In the context of data input and editing, terminology management systems shall support fundamental
features to allow users to perfom the following actions:
— use predefined input templates;
— set up customizable input templates;
— copy parts of input templates for reuse;
— preview input templates during setup;
— copy concept entries (or parts of concept entries) to be used as a basis for the creation of new concept
entries (or for the modification of concept entries, for example, by inserting a new language section
copied from an adjacent concept entry);
2) Definition taken from Electroped
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
01-oktober-2019
Upravljanje terminoloških virov - Terminološke baze podatkov - 2. del: Programska
oprema
Management of terminology resources -- Terminology databases -- Part 2: Software
Systèmes de gestion de la terminologie, de la connaissance et du contenu -- Bases de
données terminologiques -- Partie 2: Logiciels
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ICS:
01.020 Terminologija (načela in Terminology (principles and
koordinacija) coordination)
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26162-2
First edition
Management of terminology
resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
Gestion des resources terminologiques — Bases de données
terminologiques —
Partie 2: Logiciels
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Terminology management systems . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Terminological metamodel . 3
4.3 Creating terminology databases . 3
4.3.1 Terminology database definition . 3
4.3.2 Data categories . 3
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities . 4
4.3.4 Roles and rights . 4
4.4 Data input and editing . 4
4.5 Searching and filtering . 5
4.6 Sorting . 7
4.7 Data validation . 7
4.8 Data representation . 8
4.9 Data exchange . 8
4.10 Analysis and statistics . 9
4.11 Workflow and object management . 9
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Language and terminology,
Subcommittee SC 3, Management of terminology resources.
This first edition of ISO 26162-2, together with ISO 26162-1, cancels and replaces ISO 26162:2012, which
has been technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the document has been split into parts. The first part is focusing on the design of terminology
database design, the second part on the development of terminology management systems;
— all references to generic software design principles and specific use cases have been removed.
A list of all parts of the ISO 26162 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Introduction
Terminologies are the totality of concepts in given subject fields represented by terms and other
designations and described by using additional terminological data. In general, these data are organized
in structured terminology databases and are usually manipulated in specific software applications
called terminology management systems. Terminology databases usually vary with regard to their
underlying data model and consist of different sets of data categories, while terminology management
systems generally differ depending on their functionality and the platform they are designed for.
The ISO 26162 series gives guidance on designing terminology databases and on essential terminology
management system features. The series can also be used to evaluate the conformance and suitability
of terminology databases and terminology management systems.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE v
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Management of terminology resources — Terminology
databases —
Part 2:
Software
1 Scope
This document specifies essential features of terminology management systems, regardless of specific
software engineering paradigms, user interface and user assistance design principles, and specific data
models. These features enable maximum efficiency and quality in terminology work and, thus, support
creating, processing, and using high quality terminology. The intended audiences of this document
are software engineers/developers as well as terminologists, technical communicators, translators,
interpreters, language planners, and subject field experts.
This document describes all features needed for recording, editing, maintaining, exchanging, and
presenting terminological data. Term extraction features used to identify new terms are out of the
scope of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 704, Terminology work — Principles and methods
ISO 1087, Terminology work — Vocabulary
ISO 8601 (all parts), Date and time -- Representations for information interchange
ISO 12620, Management of terminology resources — Data category specifications
ISO 16642, Computer applications in terminology — Terminological markup framework
ISO 23185, Assessment and benchmarking of terminological resources — General concepts, principles and
requirements
ISO 26162-1:2019, Management of terminology resources — Terminology databases — Part 1: Design
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1087, ISO 26162-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
3.1
terminology management system
TMS
software tool specifically designed with a metadata structure for collecting, maintaining, and accessing
terminological data
1)
[SOURCE: ISO 1087:— , 3.6.13]
3.2
concept entry structure
part of a terminology database that defines the structure for concept entries
3.3
input template
template that is created based on a concept entry structure (3.2) (or a subset of it) for the purpose of
data input
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one input template can be
necessary.
3.4
layout template
template that defines how concept entries are displayed in the user interface
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of differentiation of user roles, more than one layout template can be
necessary.
3.5
terminology database definition
database information that defines the data categories and the concept entry structure (3.2) of a
terminology database
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the degree of management requirements, more than one terminology database
definition can be necessary.
4 Terminology management systems
4.1 General
The design of terminology management systems requires a deep understanding of terminology theory
and terminology work. In this sense, and in order to achieve high quality results, the following shall
be used:
— established terms and definitions as defined in ISO 1087;
— principles and methods as defined in ISO 704;
— data modeling criteria as defined in ISO 16642 and ISO 12620;
— usability metrics as defined in ISO 23185.
Terminology databases are used for collecting terminologies. Terminologies can achieve a high level of
structural complexity and can be created and used by different user groups, each of them with their own
specific needs. Consequently, terminology management systems shall be designed to respond to a wide
range of potential use cases that can differ from those of conventional database management systems,
particularly with regards to human-machine interaction and the interaction with other terminology-
processing systems, such as translation memory systems, localization tools or authoring tools.
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/FDIS 1087:2019.
2 PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
4.2 Terminological metamodel
Every terminology database shall comply with the terminological metamodel defined in ISO 16642 (for
more information see also ISO 26162-1). Thus, terminology management systems shall allow for the
instantiation of every level of the terminological metamodel, from high-level containers (global and
complementary information) down to the term component section.
4.3 Creating terminology databases
4.3.1 Terminology database definition
When creating terminology databases, the terminology management system shall support the following
essential features to allow users to perform the following actions:
— assign a name to a terminology database;
— describe a terminology database (content, rights, copyright, etc.);
— provide a core concept entry structure based on the terminological metamodel (see 4.2) including
the option to add/remove the term component section;
— use predefined concept entry structures;
— set up customizable concept entry structures;
— aggregate data categories at the core concept entry structure and further nest these data categories;
2)
— explicitly aggregate data categories , such as /definition/, /source/ or /note/ at the language level;
— replicate part of the concept entry structure when setting up a terminology database (for example,
copy a set of data categories from the French language section for creating an identical data category
set for the Spanish language section);
— repeat data categories (see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.4.3);
— define the use (e.g. mandatory, see ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3) and the cardinality of data categories
(see 4.3.3);
— preview terminology database definitions;
— extend, condense and/or otherwise change terminology database definitions.
4.3.2 Data categories
Terminological data in specific data fields are instances of terminological data categories that have
been previously defined during the terminology database setup and then have been associated with
the corresponding levels of the terminological metamodel (for data categories see ISO 26162-1:2019,
4.3). The terminology management system shall also allow parent-child relationships between data
categories, such as the relationship between /definition/ and /source/ illustrated in the following
example:
EXAMPLE
Concept entry identifier: 3 (for concept circuit-breaker)
Concept position: 1.2
2) In this document, data category names used in running text are indicated between forward slashes (for example,
/definition/).
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST ISO/PRF 26162-2:2019
ISO 26162-2:2019(E)
Definition: mechanical switching device, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal
circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specified duration and breaking currents under specified
abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit
Source (of definition): Electropedia
During terminology database setup, terminology management systems shall provide a predefined set
of data categories and picklist values from established repositories and standards in order to support a
high grade of interoperability between terminology databases (and other applications and resources).
For example, common terminological data categories are specified in DatCatInfo (see Reference [10]),
language codes are defined in ISO 639 (all parts), country codes are defined in ISO 3166 (all parts),
and subject field codes can be taken from universal classification systems, such as the Universal
Decimal Classification. However, terminology management systems shall also allow for the creation of
customizable data categories and picklist values if appropriate data categories or picklist values are
not available. If predefined data categories and picklist values are implemented for use in multilingual
environments, these data categories and picklist values shall be made available in the desired user
interface language.
4.3.3 Data types and cardinalities
In terminology, free text strings (such as terms, definitions or contexts), picklists, binaries (such
as figures, audio or video), cross-references (such as between concept entries or links to external
resources), and Boolean values are the most common data types. However, in order to cover any
potential use case, terminology management systems should support other data types like those
defined for XML Schema, for example, or other schema or programming languages.
Furthermore, terminology management systems shall allow users to configure cardinalities, i.e. to set
a specific number of occurrences for any data category, for instance, to allow for only one definition at
the concept entry level.
4.3.4 Roles and rights
Distributed terminology work usually requires the assignment of different roles and rights (see also
ISO 26162-1:2019, 4.3.2.3 and 4.5.). Specific terminology database objects (such as terminology database
definitions, input templates, export/import profiles, filters) or instances (such as concept entries,
certain language and/or certain term sections) require specific roles and rights. Thus, appropriate
roles and rights can be granted depending on:
— authorization types, such as supervisor, creator, proposer, end user;
— work profiles, such as author, translator, service and marketing
...
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