SIST EN 55016-1-4:2007/A1:2008
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -- Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Ancillary equipment - Radiated disturbances
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -- Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Ancillary equipment - Radiated disturbances
This part of CISPR 16 is designated a basic standard, which specifies the characteristics and performance of equipment for the measurement of radiated disturbances in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz. Specifications for ancillary apparatus are included for: antennas and test sites, TEM cells, and reverberating chambers. The requirements of this publication must be complied with at all frequencies and for all levels of radiated disturbances within the CISPR indicating range of the measuring equipment. Methods of measurement are covered in Part 2-3, and further information on radio disturbance is given in Part 3 of CISPR 16. Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling are covered in Part 4 of CISPR 16.
Anforderungen an Geräte und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung der Verfahren zur Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit -- Teil 1-4: Geräte und Einrichtungen zur Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit - Zusatz-/Hilfseinrichtungen - Gestrahlte Störaussendung
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbationsradioélectriques -- Partie 1-4: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques - Matériels auxiliaires - Perturbations rayonnées
Specifikacija za merilne naprave in metode za merjenje radiofrekvenčnih motenj in odpornosti - 1-4. del: Merilne naprave za merjenje radiofrekvenčnih motenj in odpornosti - Pomožna oprema - Sevane motnje (CISPR 16-1-4:2007/A1:2007)
Ta del CISPR 16 je določen kot osnovni standard, ki opredeljuje značilnosti in zmogljivost opreme za merjenje sevanih motenj v frekvenčnem razponu od 9 kHz do 18 GHz. Vključene so specifikacije za pomožne naprave za: antene in preskusne prostore, TEM celice in odmevne komore. Zahteve te objave morajo biti v skladu z vsemi frekvencami in za vse ravni radijskih motenj v okviru CISPR, ki navajajo razpon merilne opreme. Metode merjenja so zajete v 2. in 3. delu, nadaljnje informacije o radijskih motnjah pa so podane v 3. delu CISPR 16. Nezanesljivost, statistika in modeliranje mejnih vrednosti so zajeti v 4. delu CISPR 16.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 55016-1-4:2007/A1:2008
01-junij-2008
6SHFLILNDFLMD]DPHULOQHQDSUDYHLQPHWRGH]DPHUMHQMHUDGLRIUHNYHQþQLKPRWHQMLQ
RGSRUQRVWLGHO 0HULOQHQDSUDYH]DPHUMHQMHUDGLRIUHNYHQþQLKPRWHQMLQ
RGSRUQRVWL3RPRåQDRSUHPD6HYDQHPRWQMH &,635 $
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Ancillary equipment -
Radiated disturbances
Anforderungen an Geräte und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung der Verfahren zur
Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit - Teil
1-4: Geräte und Einrichtungen zur Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung
(Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit - Zusatz-/Hilfseinrichtungen - Gestrahlte
Störaussendung
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques - Partie 1-4:
Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux
perturbations radioélectriques - Matériels auxiliaires - Perturbations rayonnées
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 55016-1-4:2007/A1:2008
ICS:
17.240 Merjenje sevanja Radiation measurements
33.100.20 Imunost Immunity
SIST EN 55016-1-4:2007/A1:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 55016-1-4/A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2008
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20
English version
Specification for radio disturbance
and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus -
Ancillary equipment -
Radiated disturbances
(CISPR 16-1-4:2007/A1:2007)
Spécifications des méthodes Anforderungen an Geräte
et des appareils de mesure und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung
des perturbations radioélectriques der Verfahren zur Messung
et de l'immunité aux perturbations der hochfrequenten Störaussendung
radioélectriques - (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit -
Partie 1-4: Appareils de mesure Teil 1-4: Geräte und Einrichtungen
des perturbations radioélectriques zur Messung der hochfrequenten
et de l'immunité aux perturbations Störaussendung (Funkstörungen)
radioélectriques - und Störfestigkeit -
Matériels auxiliaires - Zusatz-/Hilfseinrichtungen -
Perturbations rayonnées Gestrahlte Störaussendung
(CISPR 16-1-4:2007/A1:2007) (CISPR 16-1-4:2007/A1:2007)
This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 55016-1-4:2007; it was approved by CENELEC on
2008-02-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this amendment the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 55016-1-4:2007/A1:2008 E
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
EN 55016-1-4:2007/A1:2008 – 2 –
Foreword
The text of document CISPR/A/750/FDIS, future amendment 1 to CISPR 16-1-4:2007, prepared by
CISPR SC A, Radio-interference measurements and statistical methods, was submitted to the
IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as amendment A1 to EN 55016-1-4:2007
on 2008-02-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the amendment has to be
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-11-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the amendment have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-02-01
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of amendment 1:2007 to the International Standard CISPR 16-1-4:2007 was approved by
CENELEC as an amendment to the European Standard without any modification.
__________
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
CISPR 16-1-4
Edition 2.0 2007-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
AMENDMENT 1
AMENDEMENT 1
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Ancillary
equipment – Radiated disturbances
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l’immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 1-4: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de
l’immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques – Matériels auxiliaires –
Perturbations rayonnées
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
S
CODE PRIX
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 2-8318-9312-7
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
– 2 – CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by subcommittee A of CISPR: Radio-interference
measurements and statistical methods.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
CISPR/A/750/FDIS CISPR/A/760/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
_____________
INTRODUCTION
In this amendment, the use of a balanced dipole antenna (the CISPR tuned dipole) as a
physical reference for radiated emission measurements in the frequency range between
30 MHz and 300 MHz is deleted. It is replaced by the requirement that in this frequency range
the quantity to be measured is the electric field strength that can be determined using
different types of antennas, provided that the antenna factor and the associated uncertainty
are known.
This fundamental change of measurand in the frequency range between 30 MHz and 300 MHz
was subject to thorough investigations and discussion within CISPR A, and brings it into line
with the measurand that already applies in the rest of the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 GHz,
and indeed above 1 GHz. The decision for this change has been supported by the results of a
questionnaire. More details on the rationale for the decision to introduce the ‘electric field’
measurand instead of the CISPR reference dipoles can be found in the CISPR Maintenance
Cycle Report CISPR/A/541/MCR.
CISPR/A/541/MCR explains that the need for a CISPR reference dipole no longer exists, due
to improvements in the calibration of antennas used for EMC compliance testing and the
increased implementation of quality systems in test and calibration laboratories in accordance
with ISO 17025. Moreover, Clause 4 of CISPR 16-1-4 covers the frequency range 9 kHz to
1 GHz, yet a reference antenna is only specified in the range 30 MHz to 300 MHz, which
seems to make this frequency range an exception to the general rule.
In other words, most measurements of physical quantities are made with an instrument that is
traceable to national standards. There is no need for measurement of electric field strength in
the frequency range 30 MHz to 300 MHz to deviate from this, especially when application of
such a physical reference antenna may give a greater uncertainty to the intended measurand
than a regular calibrated broadband antenna. Moreover, these days, the CISPR reference
dipole is rarely used in practice because it is impractical from a operational point of view (time
consuming). The new measurand is the field strength as defined by the limit level in dBμV/m
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007 – 3 –
and as required by the method of measurement. If various operators follow the same
measurement method, involving calibrated antennas, a high degree of reproducibility is
ensured.
A consequence of using the tuned dipole antenna as a reference is that the antenna
uncertainties in CISPR 16-4-2 require the field strength measured by a broadband antenna to
be referred to the field strength that would have been measured had a tuned dipole been
used. The ramifications would be dependent on the difference in radiation patterns and
mutual coupling of a dipole compared to a broadband antenna (including height dependence
of antenna factor). This practice can actually result in larger EMC measurement uncertainties
than if the field strength were derived from the traceably calibrated broadband antenna. The
relating of the behaviour of the commonly used broadband antenna to the extremely rarely
used tuned dipole in the notes to the uncertainty budget in CISPR 16-4-2, requires specialist
knowledge to understand.
Page 3
CONTENTS
Add, on page 5, to the list of tables the titles of the new figures as follows:
Figure 20 – Schematic of radiation from EUT reaching an LPDA antenna directly and via
ground reflections on a 3 m site, showing the half beamwidth, ϕ, at the reflected ray
Figure 21 – Definition of the reference planes inside the test jig
Figure 22 – Example of a 50 Ω adaptor construction in the vertical flange of the jig
Figure 23 – Example of a matching adaptor with balun or transformer
Figure 24 – Example of a matching adaptor with resistive matching network
Figure 25 – The four configurations for the TRL calibration
Page 15
3 Terms and definitions
3.5
antenna
Replace the existing Note 2 by the following new note:
NOTE 2 This term covers various devices such as the wire antenna, free-space-resonant dipole and hybrid
antenna.
3.8
site attenuation
Replace, on page 17, the existing text with the following:
Site attenuation is defined as the minimum site insertion loss measured between two
polarization-matched antennas located on a test site when one antenna is moved vertically
over a specified height range and the other is set at a fixed height.
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
– 4 – CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007
3.9
test antenna
Delete the existing definition 3.9, and replace it with the following new definition of site
insertion loss:
3.9
site insertion loss
the loss between a pair of antennas placed at specified positions on a test site, when a direct
electrical connection between the generator output and receiver input is replaced by
transmitting and receiving antennas placed at the specified positions
3.12
quasi-free space test-site
Replace the existing wording of this definition with the following:
facility for radiated emission measurements, or antenna calibration, that is intended to
achieve free-space conditions. Unwanted reflections from the surroundings are kept to a
minimum in order to satisfy the site acceptance criterion applicable to the radiated emission
measurement or antenna calibration procedure being considered
Add, after definition 3.13, the following new definitions:
3.14
cross-polar response
measure of the rejection by the antenna of the cross-polarised field, when the antenna is
rotated in a uniform electromagnetic field
3.15
hybrid antenna
conventional wire-element log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) antenna with boom lengthened at
the open-circuit end to add one broadband dipole (e.g., biconical or bow-tie), such that the
infinite balun (boom) of the LPDA serves as a voltage source for the broadband dipole.
Typically a common-mode choke is used at this end of the boom to minimize parasitic
(unintended) RF currents on the outer conductor of the coaxial cable flowing into the receiver
3.16
low uncertainty antenna
good quality robust biconical or LPDA antenna, whose antenna factor is reproducible to better
than ±0,5 dB, used for the measurement of E-field strength at a defined point in space
NOTE It is further described in A.2.2.
3.17
semi-anechoic chamber
SAC
shielded enclosure, in which five of the six internal surfaces are lined with radio-frequency-
energy absorbing material (i.e., RF absorber), which absorbs electromagnetic energy in the
frequency range of interest, and the bottom horizontal surface is a conducting ground plane
for use with OATS test set-ups
3.18
common mode absorption device
CMAD
a device that may be applied on cables leaving the test volume in radiated emission
measurements to reduce the compliance uncertainty
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007 – 5 –
3.19
insertion loss
the loss arising from the insertion of a device into a transmission line, expressed as the ratio
of voltages immediately before and after the point of insertion of a device under test, before
and after the insertion. It is equal to the inverse of the transmission S-parameter, |1/S |
21
3.20
reflection coefficient
the ratio of a common quantity to both the reflected and incident travelling waves. Hence, the
voltage reflection coefficient is defined as the ratio of the complex voltage of the reflected
wave to the complex voltage of the incident wave. The voltage reflection coefficient is equal to
the scattering parameter S
11
3.21
short-open-load-through (SOLT) or through-open-short-match (TOSM) calibration
method
calibration method for a vector network analyser using three known impedance standards –
short, open, and match/load, and a single transmission standard – through. The SOLT method
is widely used, and the necessary calibration kits with 50 Ω characteristic impedance
components are commonly available. A full two-port error model includes six error terms for
each of the forward and reverse directions, for a total of twelve separate error terms, which
requires twelve reference measurements to perform the calibration
3.22
scattering parameters (S-parameters)
a set of four parameters used to describe the properties of a two-port network inserted into a
transmission line
3.23
through-reflect-line (TRL) calibration
calibration method for a vector network analyser using three known impedance standards
“Through”, “Reflect” and “Line” for the internal or external calibration of the VNA. Four
reference measurements are needed for this calibration
3.24
vector network analyser
VNA
a network analyser capable of measuring complex values of the four S-parameters S , S ,
11 12
S , S
21 22
Page 17
4 Antennas for measurement of radiated radio disturbance
Add the following sentence to the beginning of the first paragraph
Antennas of the type that are used for radiated emissions measurements, having been
calibrated, shall be used to measure the field strength, taking into account their radiation
patterns and mutual coupling with their surroundings.
In the second paragraph, replace the first sentence “The antenna shall be substantially plane
polarised.” by “The antenna shall be linearly polarised.”
In the third sentence of the second paragraph, after “above ground” add “or above the
absorber in a FAR”.
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
– 6 – CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007
4.1 Accuracy of field-strength measurements
Replace the existing title with the following new title.
4.1 Physical parameter for radiated emissions measurements
Add the following paragraph to the beginning of the subclause:
The physical parameter for radiated emission measurements made against an emission limit
expressed in volts per metre is E-field strength measured at a defined point in space relative
to the position of the equipment under test (EUT). More specifically, for measurements in the
frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz on an OATS or in a SAC, the measurand is the
maximum field strength as a function of horizontal and vertical polarization and at heights
between 1 m and 4 m, and at a horizontal distance of 10 m from the EUT, while the EUT is
rotated over all angles in the azimuth plane.
4.2.1 Magnetic antenna
Delete the last sentence of the first paragraph of the Note, i.e.: “This assumption is justified….
H level in dB(μA/m).”
Delete also the second paragraph of the Note: “It should be clearly understood that the above
fixed E and H ratio applies only under far-field conditions”.
4.2.2 Balance of antenna
Replace the existing title and text of this subclause with the following:
4.2.2 Shielding of loop antenna
Inadequate shielding of a loop antenna can result in E-field response. The E-field
discrimination of the antenna shall be evaluated by rotating the antenna in a uniform field,
such that the plane of the loop remains parallel to the E-field vector. When the plane of the
loop antenna is perpendicular to the magnetic flux and then the antenna is rotated so that its
plane is parallel to the magnetic flux the measured response shall decrease by at least 20 dB.
4.3.1 Electric antenna
Delete, in the second paragraph, the words “1 m length” and add the following sentence:
“Annex B states that the antenna factor derived by the Equivalent Capacitor Substitution
Method (ECSM) has greater uncertainties for monopole lengths greater than one-eighth of a
wavelength”.
Delete the third paragraph i.e. “Where the distance….10% of the distance”.
4.3.3 Balance of antenna
Replace the existing title with the following new title.
4.3.3 Cross-polar response of antenna
Modify the text as follows:
If a balanced electric field antenna is used, it shall comply with the requirement of 4.4.3. If a
balanced magnetic field antenna is used, it shall comply with the requirement of 4.2.2.”
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007 – 7 –
4.4 Frequency range 30 MHz to 300 MHz
Replace the existing title with the following new title.
4.4 Frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
After the title of 4.4, add the following text:
In this frequency range the measurements are of the electric field, so magnetic field antennas
are not included. The antenna shall be a dipole-like antenna designed to measure the electric
field. This includes tuned dipole antennas, whose element pairs are either straight rods or
conical in shape, and dipole arrays such as the log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) antenna,
comprising a series of staggered sets of straight rod elements, and hybrid antennas.
4.4.1 Electric antenna
Delete the entire subclause, including 4.4.1, 4.4.1.1, 4.4.1.2 and 4.4.1.3:
Add a new subclause 4.4.1 as follows:
4.4.1 Low-uncertainty antenna for use if there is an alleged non-compliance to the E-
field limit
For lower measurement uncertainty, the value of E-field strength measured by a typical
biconical antenna or LPDA antenna is preferred, in particular over hybrid antennas. Typical
biconical and LPDA antennas are defined in Annex A and only calibrated antennas shall be
used.
NOTE 1 Improved uncertainties are achieved by using the biconical antenna over the frequency range 30 MHz to
250 MHz and the LPDA antenna over the range 250 MHz to 1 GHz. Alternatively, a change-over frequency of
200 MHz can be used, but uncertainties due to phase centre variations of the LPDA will be higher and must be
included in the reported radiated emissions measurement uncertainty budget.
NOTE 2 The measurement uncertainty of radiated emissions from an EUT depends on many different influence
factors such as the quality of the site, antenna factor uncertainty, antenna type, and the measurement receiver
characteristics. The reason for defining low-uncertainty antennas is to limit other antenna influences on the
measurement uncertainty, such as the effect of mutual coupling with a ground plane, the radiation pattern with
respect to height scanning, and the variable phase centre position. Verification of effects of these influences is a
comparison of the readings of the two antennas at the selected change-over frequency, which should give the
same value of E-field strength within a margin of ± 1 dB.
Add the following new subclause 4.4.2:
4.4.2 Antenna characteristics
Since, at the frequencies in the range 300 MHz to 1 000 MHz, the sensitivity of the simple
dipole antenna is low, a more complex antenna may be used. Such antenna shall be as
follows.
a) The antenna shall be linearly polarized, which shall be evaluated by applying the cross-
polarization test procedure of 4.4.4.
b) Balanced dipole antennas, such as tuned-dipole and biconical antennas, shall have
validated balun performance, which shall be evaluated by applying the balance test
procedure of 4.4.3. This also applies to hybrid antennas below 200 MHz.
c) A test site with a conducting ground plane is assumed. The amplitude of the received
signal will be reduced if either or both the direct and ground reflected signals from the
EUT to the antenna are not entering the mainlobe of the radiation pattern of the antenna
at its peak. The peak is usually in the boresight direction of the antenna. This reduction in
amplitude is taken to be an error in the radiated emission: the ensuing uncertainty
tolerance is based on the beamwidth, 2ϕ, see Figure 20.
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
– 8 – CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007
ϕ
h
2
h
1
d
IEC 1772/07
Figure 20 – Schematic of radiation from EUT reaching an LPDA antenna directly and via
ϕ, at the reflected ray
ground reflections on a 3 m site, showing the half beamwidth,
Conditions for ensuring that this error is no larger than +1dB are given below in 1) for a
10 m site and 2) for a 3 m site. Alternatively a condition based on antenna gain is given in
3) in order to bypass the laborious radiation pattern conditions.
Emission measurements are performed with the antenna horizontally and vertically
polarised. If it is chosen to measure the radiation patterns in only one plane, the narrower
patterns shall be used, as follows: the pattern of the antenna shall be verified in the
horizontal plane while orienting it for horizontal polarisation.
1) For a 10 m OATS or SAC the antenna response in the direction of the direct ray differs
negligibly from the boresight amplitude when the antenna is aligned such that its
boresight direction is parallel to the ground plane. The directivity component of the
uncertainty in the emission measurement can be kept to less than + 1 dB if the
antenna response in the direction of the reflected ray is no more than 2 dB lower than
the antenna boresight response. To ensure this condition, the total vertical beamwidth
2ϕ of the measurement antenna, within which the antenna gain is within 2 dB of its
maximum, shall be such that:
–1
ϕ > tan [(h + h )/d]
1 2
2) For sites with less than 10 m separation, typically 3 m, the total vertical beamwidth 2ϕ
of the measurement antenna, within which the antenna gain is within 1 dB of its
maximum, shall be such that:
–1 –1
2ϕ > tan [(h + h )/d] – tan [(h – h )/d]
1 2 1 2
where:
h is the height of the equipment under test;
1
h is the measurement antenna height;
2
d is the horizontal distance between the phase centre of the measurement antenna
and the device under test.
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007 – 9 –
If antenna down tilting that would reduce the associated uncertainties is not employed,
the reduction in received signal shall be calculated, see Note, from the radiation
patterns and applied as corrections or as directivity uncertainties. Example
uncertainties budgets are given in CISPR 16-4-2.
NOTE 1 Assuming an E-field radiation pattern normalised to unity on boresight (= peak of mainlobe)
read the E-field at the angles of declination from the antenna for the direct, E , and reflected rays, E .
D R
The error, compared to an E-field of unity magnitude for each of the direct and reflected rays, is given
in decibels by: 20log (2/(E + E )).
D R
NOTE 2 The reduction in signal strength caused by reduced directivity at angles off antenna
boresight is a systematic error and therefore can be corrected. If a correction is applied, from
knowledge of the radiation patterns at each frequency and polarisation, the uncertainty in emitted
signal strength can be reduced accordingly.
3) For broad beamwidth antenna types used for radiated emission testing, such as
biconical, LPDA and hybrid antennas, the beamwidth is inversely related to
antenna directivity. An alternative to the criterion based on beamwidths in 1) and 2)
above, is to specify the maximum gain of an antenna and to refer to generic
uncertainty tolerances for the directivity component in the uncertainty budget for an
emission test. The generic uncertainties, based on the narrowest beamwidths in
the frequency range used for a given antenna, are given in CISPR 16-4-2. The
maximum isotropic antenna gain for biconical antennas shall be 2 dB, and shall be
8 dB for log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) and hybrid antennas. For V-type LPDA
antennas, whose H-plane beamwidth is equalised to the E-plane beamwidth, the
maximum permissible isotropic gain shall be 9 dB.
NOTE 3 The directivity uncertainties given in CISPR 16-4-2 (2004) can be used for a 10 m separation,
but revised uncertainties are needed for a 3 m separation.
d) The return loss of the antenna with the antenna feeder connected shall not be less than
10 dB. A matching attenuator may be part of the feeder cable for antennas if needed to
meet this requirement.
e) A calibration factor shall be given making it possible to fulfil the requirements of 4.1.
Renumber existing subclause 4.4.2 as subclause 4.4.3 and all of its subclauses accordingly.
4.4.2.1 Introduction (renumbered 4.4.3.1))
Delete the third paragraph: “This subclause considers the balun contribution. Contribution a)
is under consideration (see last sentence of Note 1 of 4.4.2.2).”
Renumber existing subclause 4.4.3 as subclause 4.4.4.
In the title of the renumbered subclause 4.4.4, replace the word “performance” with the word
“response”
Delete existing subclause 4.5.
Renumber existing subclause 4.6 as subclause 4.5.
4.6 Frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz (renumbered 4.5)
Replace the second sentence of renumbered subclause 4.5 with: “Examples are LPDA
antennas, double-ridged guide horns and standard gain horns.”
Delete the note.
Renumber subclause 4.7 as subclause 4.6 and subclause 4.7.1 accordingly.
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
– 10 – CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007
Page 47
5.7.1 Normalized site attenuation for alternative test sites
In the first sentence of the fourth paragraph, replace “… less than 1 m …” by “…at least 1
m …”.
Page 51
Replace the existing Figures 6a and 6b with the following:
Receive Transmit
antenna antenna
d
d
d
d
d
Antenna to be relocated
Test
to maintain constant
volume
distance d
IEC 1770/07
Figure 6a – Typical antenna positions for alternative test site –
Vertical polarization NSA measurements
Receive Transmit
antenna
antenna
d
d
d
d
d
Antenna to be relocated
Test
to maintain constant
volume
distance d
IEC 1771/07
Figure 6b – Typical antenna positions for alternative test site –
Horizontal polarization NSA measurements
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CISPR 16-1-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2007 – 11 –
Page 113
Add a new Clause 9 as follows.
9 Common mode absorption devices
9.1 General
Common mode absorption devices (CMADs) are applied on cables leaving the test volume
during a radiated emission measurement. CMADs are used in radiated emission
measurements to reduce variations in the measurement results between different test sites,
due to possible differing values of common mode impedance and symmetry at the point where
cables leave the test site (e.g. turntable centre). The basic characteristics of CMADs can be
expressed in terms of S-parameters. Derived performance quantities such as insertion loss or
reflection coefficient can be determined from these S-parameters. This clause specifies the
measurement method for the verification of the S-parameters of a CMAD.
9.2 CMAD S-parameter measurements
S-parameters measured in a test jig, as described in 9.3, are used to characterise the
properties of a CMAD. The values of the complex S-parameters are evaluated at the
reference planes indicated in Figure 21. The reference method for the measurement of S-
parameters with the highest possible accuracy uses a vector network analyser (VNA) and the
TRL calibrati
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