SIST IEC 60479-1:2020

Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 1: General aspects

IEC 60479-1 provides basic guidance on the effects of shock current on human beings and livestock. For a given current path through the human body, the danger to persons depends mainly on the magnitude and duration of the current flow. However, the time/current zones specified in the following clauses are, in many cases, not directly applicable in practice for designing measures of protection against electrical shock. The necessary criterion is the admissible limit of touch voltage (i.e. the product of the current through the body called touch current and the body impedance) as a function of time. The relationship between current and voltage is not linear because the impedance of the human body varies with the touch voltage, and data on this relationship is therefore required. The different parts of the human body (such as the skin, blood, muscles, other tissues and joints) present to the electric current a certain impedance composed of resistive and capacitive components. The values of body impedance depend on a number of factors and, in particular, on current path, on touch voltage, duration of current flow, frequency, degree of moisture of the skin, surface area of contact, pressure exerted and temperature. The impedance values indicated in this document result from a close examination of the experimental results available from measurements carried out principally on corpses and on some living persons. Knowledge of the effects of alternating current is primarily based on the findings related to the effects of current at frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz which are the most common in electrical installations. The values given are, however, deemed applicable over the frequency range from 15 Hz to 100 Hz, threshold values at the limits of this range being higher than those at 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Principally the risk of ventricular fibrillation is considered to be the main mechanism of death of fatal electrical accidents. Accidents with direct current are much less frequent than would be expected from the number of DC applications, and fatal electrical accidents occur only under very unfavourable conditions, for example, in mines. This is partly due to the fact that with direct current, the letgo of parts gripped is less difficult and that for shock durations longer than the period of the cardiac cycle, the threshold of ventricular fibrillation is considerably higher than for alternating current. This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and lSO/lEC Guide 51. It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies. One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test methods or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.

Vplivi električnega toka na ljudi in živali – 1. del: Splošno

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-May-2020
• ICS: 13.200 - Accident and disaster control
• ICS: 29.020 - Electrical engineering in general
• Technical Committee: ELI - Electrical and communication installations
• Current Stage: 6300 - Translation of adopted SIST international/foreign standards (Local Project)
• Start Date: 12-Jan-2021
• Due Date: 17-Jan-2021
• Completion Date: 12-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST IEC 60479-1:2020
01-junij-2020
Vplivi električnega toka na ljudi in živali – 1. del: Splošno
Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 1: General aspects
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:
ICS:
13.200 Preprečevanje nesreč in Accident and disaster control
katastrof
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
SIST IEC 60479-1:2020 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST IEC 60479-1:2020

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SIST IEC 60479-1:2020



IEC 60479-1

®


Edition 1.0 2018-12




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD














BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION






Effects of current on human beings and livestock –

Part 1: General aspects



























INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL


COMMISSION





ICS 13.200; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-6295-5




  Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.


® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

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SIST IEC 60479-1:2020
– 2 – IEC 60479-1:2018  IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 10
3.1 General definitions . 10
3.2 Effects of sinusoidal alternating current in the range 15 Hz to 100 Hz . 11
3.3 Effects of direct current . 12
4 Electrical impedance of the human body and livestock . 13
4.1 General . 13
4.2 Internal impedance of the human body (Z ) . 13
i
4.3 Impedance of the skin (Z ) . 13
s
4.4 Total impedance of the human body (Z ) . 13
T
4.5 Factors affecting initial resistance of the human body (R ) . 14
0
4.6 Values of the total impedance of the human body (Z ) . 14
T
4.6.1 Total body impedance dependence for large, medium and small surface
areas of contact . 14
4.6.2 Sinusoidal alternating current 50/60 Hz for large surface areas of contact . 14
4.6.3 Sinusoidal alternating current 50/60 Hz for medium and small surface
areas of contact . 17
4.6.4 Sinusoidal alternating current with frequencies up to 20 kHz and above . 20
4.6.5 Direct current . 21
4.7 Value of the initial resistance of the human body (R ) . 22
0
4.8 Characteristics of the impedance of the body of livestock . 22
5 Effects of sinusoidal alternating current in the range of 15 Hz to 150 Hz . 22
5.1 General . 22
5.2 Threshold of perception . 22
5.3 Threshold of reaction . 22
5.4 Immobilization . 22
5.5 Threshold of let-go . 23
5.6 Threshold of ventricular fibrillation . 23
5.7 Other effects related to electric shocks .
...

SL O V EN S K I SIST IEC 60479-1


S T ANDAR D    junij 2020













Vplivi električnega toka na ljudi in živali – 1. del: Splošno

Effects of current on human beings and livestock – Part 1: General aspects
























Referenčna oznaka
ICS 13.200; 29.020 SIST IEC 60479-1:2020 (sl)

Nadaljevanje na straneh od 2 do 70

© 2023-10. Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno.

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SIST IEC 60479-1 : 2020
NACIONALNI UVOD

Standard SIST IEC 60479-1 (sl), Vplivi električnega toka na ljudi in živali – 1. del: Splošno, 2020, ima
status slovenskega standarda in je istoveten mednarodnemu standardu IEC 60479-1 (en), Effects of
current on human beings and livestock – Part 1: General aspects, 2018.

NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR

Mednarodni standard IEC 60479-1:2018 je pripravil tehnični odbor IEC/TC 64 Električne inštalacije in
zaščita pred električnim šokom.

Slovenski standard SIST IEC 60479-1:2020 je prevod mednarodnega standarda IEC 60479-1:2018. V
primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni mednarodni
standard v angleškem jeziku. Slovensko izdajo standarda je potrdil tehnični odbor SIST/TC ELI
Nizkonapetostne in komunikacijske električne inštalacije.

Odločitev za privzem tega standarda je junija 2020 sprejel tehnični odbor SIST/TC ELI Nizkonapetostne
in komunikacijske električne inštalacije.

OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA

– privzem standarda IEC 60479-1:2018

OPOMBI

– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz “mednarodni standard”, v SIST IEC 60479-
1:2020 to pomeni “slovenski standard”.

– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavna dela standarda.
2

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SIST IEC 60479-1 : 2020

VSEBINA Stran

Predgovor . 7
Uvod . 9
1 Področje uporabe .10
2 Zveze s standardi .10
3 Izrazi in definicije .11
3.1 Splošne definicije .11
3.2 Učinki sinusnega izmeničnega toka v območju 15 Hz do 100 Hz .12
3.3 Učinki enosmernega toka .13
4 Električna impedanca telesa človeka in živali .13
4.1 Splošno .13
4.2 Notranja impedanca človeškega telesa (Z ) .13
i
4.3 Impedanca kože (ZS) .14
4.4 Celotna impedanca človeškega telesa (ZT) .14
4.5 Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na začetno upornost človeškega telesa (R ) .14
0
4.6 Vrednosti celotne impedance človeškega telesa (ZT) .14
4.6.1 Odvisnost celotne impedance za velike, srednje in majhne stične površine .14
4.6.2 Sinusni izmenični tok, 50/60 Hz, za velike stične površine .15
4.6.3 Sinusni izmenični tok, 50/60 Hz, za srednje in majhne stične površine .17
4.6.4 Sinusni izmenični tok s frekvencami do 20 kHz in več .20
4.6.5 Enosmerni tok .21
4.7 Vrednost začetne upornosti človeškega telesa (R0) .21
4.8 Karakteristika impedance telesa živali .
...