SIST EN 17281:2021
(Main)Safety requirements - Vehicle cleaning equipment
Safety requirements - Vehicle cleaning equipment
This document contains technical safety requirements for the design, equipment and testing of brushless vehicle washing systems and vehicle washing systems with brushes for, indoor and outdoor operation e.g. roll-over vehicle washing systems, vehicle washing tunnels, manually movable vehicle washing facilities.
This standard does not apply to hand-guided high pressure cleaners which are covered by EN 60335-2-79, to water recycling systems, buildings and doors for entering the traffic zone, for powered ride-on machines and powered walk-behind machines with a traction drive.
NOTE Signals (example doors, lighting systems) may be provided by the vehicle washing system.
This standard contains requirements for the protection of persons and objects from accidents and damages during use and operation of vehicle washing systems.
Persons to be protected are
- operators,
- maintenance and monitoring personnel,
- persons in the vicinity of vehicle washing systems,
- persons sitting in the vehicle during cleaning.
Objects to be protected are
- vehicles.
Significant hazards associated with vehicle washing systems are listed in Clause 4. These hazards have been established by a risk assessment according to EN ISO 12100 and require measures to eliminate the hazard or to reduce the risk. These measures are specified in Clause 5 of this standard.
The safety requirements assume that vehicle washing systems are regularly maintained by trained and competent persons according to the manufacturer's information and that the operators, with the exception of users of self-service washing systems, have been instructed in the handling of vehicle washing systems.
Fahrzeugwaschanlagen - Sicherheitsanforderungen
Diese Norm enthält technische Sicherheitsanforderungen für die Konstruktion, Ausrüstung und Prüfung von bürstenlosen Fahrzeugwaschanlagen und Fahrzeugwaschanlagen mit Bürsten für den Innen- und Außeneinsatz, z. B. Portal-Fahrzeugwaschanlagen, Fahrzeugwaschstraßen, manuell bewegliche Fahrzeugwascheinrichtungen.
Diese Norm gilt nicht für handgeführte Hochdruckreiniger, die von EN 60335 2 79 abgedeckt sind, und nicht für Wasserwiederaufbereitungsanlagen, Gebäude und Türen für den Zugang zum Verkehrsbereich, für kraftgetriebene Maschinen mit aufsitzendem Maschinenführer und kraftgetriebene, handgeführte Maschinen mit Fahrantrieb.
ANMERKUNG Signale (beispielsweise Türen, Beleuchtungssysteme) dürfen von der Fahrzeugwaschanlage bereitgestellt werden.
Diese Norm enthält Anforderungen an den Schutz von Personen und Gegenständen vor Unfällen und Schäden bei der Benutzung und dem Betrieb von Fahrzeugwaschanlagen.
Zu schützende Personen sind
- Bedienpersonal,
- Wartungs- und Überwachungspersonal,
- Personen in der Nähe der Fahrzeugwaschanlagen,
- Personen, die währende der Reinigung im Fahrzeug sitzen.
Zu schützende Gegenstände sind
- Fahrzeuge.
Signifikante Gefährdungen im Zusammenhang mit Fahrzeugwaschanlagen sind in Abschnitt 4 aufgeführt. Diese Gefährdungen wurden durch eine Risikobewertung nach EN ISO 12100 ermittelt und erfordern Maßnahmen zur Beseitigung der Gefährdung bzw. zur Risikominderung. Diese Maßnahmen sind in Abschnitt 5 dieser Norm festgelegt.
Die Sicherheitsanforderungen setzen voraus, dass die Fahrzeugwaschanlagen regelmäßig von geschulten und kompetenten Personen nach Herstellerangaben gewartet werden und dass die Betreiber, mit Ausnahme der Benutzer von Selbstbedienungs-Waschanlagen, in die Handhabung von Fahrzeugwaschanlagen eingewiesen wurden.
Systèmes de lavage de véhicules - Exigences de sécurité
Le présent document contient des exigences techniques de sécurité relatives à la conception, à l'équipement et à l'essai des systèmes de lavage de véhicules sans brosse et des systèmes de lavage de véhicules à brosses destinés à être utilisés à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur, par exemple les portiques de lavage, les tunnels de lavage, les installations de lavage de véhicules déplaçables manuellement.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux dispositifs de nettoyage à haute pression guidés à la main couverts par l'EN 60335-2-79:2012, aux systèmes de recyclage de l'eau, aux bâtiments et aux portes servant d'accès à la zone de circulation, aux machines à conducteur porté motorisées et aux machines à conducteur à pied motorisées pourvues d'une transmission du dispositif de déplacement.
NOTE Les signaux (par exemple les portes, les systèmes d'éclairage) peuvent être fournis par le système de lavage de véhicules.
Le présent document contient des exigences relatives à la protection des personnes et des objets contre les accidents et les dommages pendant l'utilisation et le fonctionnement des systèmes de lavage de véhicules.
Les personnes à protéger sont :
- les opérateurs ;
- le personnel de maintenance et de surveillance ;
- les personnes à proximité des systèmes de lavage de véhicules ;
- les personnes assises dans le véhicule lors du lavage.
Les objets à protéger sont :
- les véhicules.
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs associés aux systèmes de lavage de véhicules sont listés à l'Article 4. Ces phénomènes dangereux ont été établis par une appréciation du risque conformément à l'EN ISO 12100 et nécessitent des mesures pour éliminer le phénomène dangereux ou réduire le risque. Ces mesures sont spécifiées dans l'Article 5 du présent document.
Les exigences de sécurité partent du principe que les systèmes de lavage de véhicules font l'objet d'une maintenance régulière par des personnes formées et compétentes conformément aux consignes du fabricant et que les opérateurs, excepté les utilisateurs des systèmes de lavage libre-service, ont été formés à la manipulation des systèmes de lavage de véhicules.
Varnostne zahteve - Oprema za čiščenje vozil
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 17281:2021
01-oktober-2021
Varnostne zahteve - Oprema za čiščenje vozil
Safety requirements - Vehicle cleaning equipment
Fahrzeugwaschanlagen - Sicherheitsanforderungen
Systèmes de lavage de véhicules - Exigences de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17281:2021
ICS:
43.180 Diagnostična, vdrževalna in Diagnostic, maintenance and
preskusna oprema test equipment
SIST EN 17281:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 17281:2021
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SIST EN 17281:2021
EN 17281
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 43.180; 45.120
English Version
Safety requirements - Vehicle cleaning equipment
Exigences de sécurité - Systèmes de lavage de véhicules Sicherheitsanforderungen - Fahrzeugwaschanlagen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 July 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17281:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 17281:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 List of hazards . 9
5 Safety requirements and safety measures . 9
5.1 General safety requirements . 9
5.2 Additional requirements for systems for the cleaning of rail vehicles . 15
5.3 Additional requirements for roll-over washing systems . 15
5.4 Additional requirements for vehicle washing tunnels and vehicle conveying systems . 16
5.5 Additional requirements for manually movable vehicle washing systems . 17
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 17
6.1 Verification of general safety requirements . 17
6.2 Additional verification of systems for the cleaning of rail vehicles . 20
6.3 Additional verification of roll-over washing systems . 21
6.4 Additional verification of vehicle washing tunnels and vehicles conveying units . 21
6.5 Additional verification of manually movable vehicle washing systems . 22
7 Instructions for use . 22
Annex A (informative) Application examples . 24
Annex B (informative) List of significant hazards . 26
Annex C (normative) Noise test code . 30
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 36
Bibliography . 38
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EN 17281:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 17281:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 197 “Pumps”, the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by February 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
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Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. This document is of relevance, in
particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to
machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises).
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous
situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When
requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
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1 Scope
This document contains technical safety requirements for the design, equipment and testing of brushless
vehicle washing systems and vehicle washing systems with brushes for, indoor and outdoor operation,
i.e. roll-over vehicle washing systems, vehicle washing tunnels, manually movable vehicle washing
facilities.
This document does not apply to hand-guided high pressure cleaners which are covered by
EN 60335-2-79:2012, to water recycling systems, buildings and doors for entering the traffic zone, for
powered ride-on machines and powered walk-behind machines with a traction drive.
NOTE Signals (example doors, lighting systems) can be provided by the vehicle washing system.
This document contains requirements for the protection of persons and objects from accidents and
damages during use and operation of vehicle washing systems.
Persons to be protected are:
— operators,
— maintenance and monitoring personnel,
— persons in the vicinity of vehicle washing systems,
— persons sitting in the vehicle during cleaning.
Objects to be protected are:
— vehicles.
Significant hazards associated with vehicle washing systems are listed in Clause 4. These hazards have
been established by a risk assessment according to EN ISO 12100 and require measures to eliminate the
hazard or to reduce the risk. These measures are specified in Clause 5 of this document.
The safety requirements assume that vehicle washing systems are regularly maintained by trained and
competent persons according to the manufacturer's information and that the operators, with the
exception of users of self-service washing systems, have been instructed in the handling of vehicle
washing systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 81-20:2020, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons
and goods - Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts
EN 81-50:2020, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Examinations and tests - Part 50:
Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components
EN 280:2013+A1:2015, Mobile elevating work platforms - Design calculations - Stability criteria -
Construction - Safety - Examinations and tests
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2005)
EN 60335-2-79:2012, Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-79: Particular
requirements for high pressure cleaners and steam cleaners
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1)
EN 60529:1991 , Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources
using sound pressure - Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO
3744:2010)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 11203:2009, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level (ISO
11203:1995)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems – Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 13854:2019, Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body (ISO
13854:2017)
EN ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019)
EN ISO 14122-1:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery- Part 1: Choice of
fixed means and general requirements of access (ISO 14122-1:2016)
EN ISO 14122-2:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2016)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
work and traffic zone
area which is assigned to one or several persons for the execution of the work task
Note 1 to entry: A definition of work task is given in EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009.
1) As impacted by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000 and EN 60529:1991/A2:2013.
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3.2
traffic zone (of a vehicle washing system)
area used for pedestrian or vehicular traffic from which the vehicle washing system can be entered and
exited
3.3
operating temperature (of the washing liquid)
temperature of the liquid supplied to the spraying device or to another part of the liquid system during
operation
3.4
operating pressure
pressure resulting at the pressure generator from a given volume flow with the corresponding nozzle
3.5
flammable liquid
liquid which can react exothermally with air when ignited
3.6
brushless vehicle washing system
vehicle washing system, where the cleaning is carried out without mechanical contact between washing
system and vehicle
Note 1 to entry: In general, the cleaning is carried out contactless, e.g. with liquid from nozzles.
3.7
pressure generator
device generating an overpressure
3.8
tandem roll-over vehicle washing system
two or more roll-over vehicle washing systems which wash and/or dry the same car, and move
independently
3.9
liquid heater
device for the heating of the liquids to the operating temperature
3.10
vehicle ground conveyor
device for the horizontal movement (trailing) of vehicles on a track or on rails
3.11
vehicle displacement device
platform or access rails on which vehicles are mechanically moved in the washing system so that they
can be cleaned in their entire length even in short washing bays
3.12
vehicle washing system
system for the external cleaning of vehicles or parts of vehicles, where cleaning, drying or special
treatment devices and/or vehicles are mechanically moved and where the vehicle is placed in the system
by the vehicle driver
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3.13
vehicle washing tunnel/street
vehicle washing system where the vehicles to be cleaned are moved through washing, drying or special
treatment points by means of power driven vehicle ground conveyor devices
3.14
liquid jet
device or system where the liquid, also with additives, is ejected in a free jet from devices equipped with
nozzles or from other devices equipped with speed increasing outlets
3.15
high pressure pipework
pipeline or hose pipe in which the liquid is conducted from the pressure generator to the consumption
points with a minimum pressure of 2,5 MPa and not exceeding 35 MPa
3.16
vehicle washing system with brushes
system, where the washing unit consists of rotating or moving bodies equipped with bristles, stripes or
similar elements
3.17
roll-over washing system
mobile, rail mounted vehicle washing system, where a gantry with mounted or integrated washing,
drying and special treatment devices is mechanically moved over the standing vehicle
Note 1 to entry: Also, rigidly coupled machines are considered as roll-over washing systems.
3.18
hose fittings
connecting elements for hoses or hose pipes
3.19
instructed service person driven vehicle washing system
vehicle cleaning facility which is started by an instructed service person
3.20
automatic vehicle washing system
vehicle cleaning facility which is started without an instructed service person
3.21
self-service vehicle washing system
vehicle cleaning facility which is started and operated by the customer
3.22
instructed service person
capable of conducting the tasks as defined in the operator's manual of the manufacturer
3.23
automatic safeguard
automatic guard or protective device provided to protect persons from a hazard
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3.24
protective device
means a device (other than a guard) which reduces the risk, either alone or in conjunction with a guard
Note 1 to entry: This may e.g. be achieved by preventing the surpassing of the maximum recommended operating
parameters as e.g. pressure, temperature, etc.
3.25
takt/batch washing system
mobile, rail mounted vehicle washing system of the roll-over type, where the washing and drying units
are separately mounted on different gantries
Note 1 to entry: Both gantries are consecutively mounted. They move mechanically over the vehicle being either
in washing or drying position.
Note 2 to entry: The vehicle shall be moved from the washing to the drying position. In intermittent washing
systems, no continuous vehicle advance is carried out.
3.26
under chassis wash
device for cleaning the underside of vehicles
3.27
manually movable vehicle washing system
system which is manually moved along or around the standing vehicle
3.28
maximum operating pressure
pressure which is permitted for a component on the basis of the material and the calculation documents
at the permissible temperature
3.29
drive-through washing system
during cleaning, the vehicle is moved by its own power
4 List of hazards
The list of hazards given in Table B.1 is based on harmonized standards to the Machinery
Directive 2006/42/EC. The numbering is taken from the Machinery Directive. The list contains significant
hazards, danger points and hazardous operating conditions related to vehicle washing systems. The
relevant requirements according to Clause 5 are intended to avoid hazards, to protect from dangers or to
reduce the risk.
5 Safety requirements and safety measures
5.1 General safety requirements
5.1.1 Shearing and crushing points at power-operated movable parts
Crushing and shearing points at power operated parts shall be avoided in the work and traffic zones up
to a height of 2 m above the respective floor space for persons or, if this is not possible, they shall be
protected. The hazard points may be avoided or protected by e.g.:
— safety distances according to EN ISO 13854:2019 and EN ISO 13857:2019;
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— guards;
— safety devices;
— impeding device according to EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause 3.29.
NOTE 1 Counterweights could be a point of crushing and shearing.
NOTE 2 The space between two independent moving tandem roll-over vehicle washing systems can be a point
of crushing.
5.1.2 Tripping and twisting points
Tripping and twisting points in the work or traffic zones shall be avoided or protected.
Tripping points caused by ground rails are avoided if the rails are laid evenly with the ground.
Nevertheless, all necessary steps shall be taken to ensure that tripping and twisting points are avoided.
Twisting points are considered to be protected if they are made visible by appropriate surrounding
conditions, e.g. by sufficient lighting and/or coloured design.
Equipment such as e.g. wheel entering devices and on-floor under-chassis washing systems, which cannot
be realised below a certain level for functional reasons, shall be visible by appropriate surrounding
conditions, e.g. by sufficient lighting and/or coloured design.
5.1.3 Gears and sprocket wheels
Enclosures for gears and sprocket wheels in the work and traffic zones shall have openings in compliance
with EN ISO 13857:2019. If they are positioned outside the work and traffic zones, at least the nip points
shall be protected against contact.
5.1.4 Belt and rope drives
The nip points at belt and rope drives within the work and traffic zones shall be protected by guards or
impeding devices.
5.1.5 Supporting means
The supporting means for horizontal system components shall be designed with a safety factor for
breaking load divided by load bearing capacity of at least 6 to ensure the safety of the machine.
NOTE The factor is in conformity with EN 14492-2.
In the event of breaking of a supporting means, roof brushes or roof nozzles shall not fall down
uncontrolled. The drop distance shall only be 0,3 m at maximum within the work and traffic zone.
5.1.6 Horizontal and vertical system components
Horizontal and vertical system components such as roof brushes with horizontal axis or horizontal roof
nozzle carriers shall automatically stop at their final positions. Furthermore, an additional protective
device shall stop the system components at the end of the guide rails.
NOTE This can for example be achieved by means of operational limit switches in connection with a fixed
stopper or an emergency limit switch or a fixed stopper in connection with an overload protection.
5.1.7 Guides/guide pulleys
Nip points between guides and guide pulleys of roof brushes, roof nozzles, side brushes and wheel wash
brushes within the work and traffic zones shall be so protected that it is not possible to introduce a finger
into them.
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5.1.8 Guiding system
Vehicle washing systems shall be equipped with guiding devices for vehicles, leading the driver and
his/her vehicle into a correct centre position.
This is only mandatory for self-service washers.
5.1.9 Positioning system
Roll-over vehicle washing systems shall be equipped with one positioning device (each), leading the user
of the system with his/her vehicle into a correct longitudinal start position for the washing or drying
process.
NOTE To show the customer that he is in the correct position, a signal can be sufficient.
This is only mandatory for self-service washers.
5.1.10 Wall and ceiling rails
Vehicle washing systems or parts of systems which are supported or guided by wall or ceiling rails shall
be so constructed that they cannot derail or crash.
5.1.11 Ground rails
Fixing elements for ground rails in the work and traffic zones, e.g. screws, shall be sunk in the rail base or
designed in a way that no crushing points exist between the front surface of the travelling mechanism
and the ground rails.
NOTE The fixing elements at systems for rail vehicles can be designed in the same way as those for railways.
5.1.12 Protruding components
Protruding components as e.g. retainer keys, screws and lubricating devices at rotating parts shall be
enclosed when there is the risk of entanglement of body parts or clothing, even if they are outside the
work and traffic zones.
5.1.13 Accessible covers
The width of openings in accessible covers on the work and traffic zone floor shall be 4 cm at maximum.
NOTE 1 Accessible covers are e.g. grids, sheets and working platforms.
NOTE 2 Wider openings were experienced to lead to accidents caused by twisting. Openings in accessible covers
can e.g. be necessary for under-chassis washing systems.
Accessible covers provided by the manufacturer shall be of a non-slip type according to evaluation group
R 11 V 4 in leaflet BGR 181, in connection with EN ISO 14122-2:2016.
5.1.14 Treads
Surfaces which are intended to be treads shall be safe when accessed. They shall be protected against
unintended displacement.
Surfaces of treads shall be of a non-slip type according to evaluation group R 11 V 4 in Leaflet BGR 181,
in connection with EN ISO 14122-2:2016.
5.1.15 Vehicle wheel guides
The sides of the rail guides shall be constructed in a way that risks are avoided.
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5.1.16 Vehicle displacement devices
Crushing points between vehicle displacement devices and chassis frame, ground rims, or under chassis
washing systems shall be avoided. If crushing points cannot be avoided, they shall be protected. If an
inclination is used as a measure to avoid a crushing point, then an angle of a maximum of 30° (see for
example Figure A.2, angles α, β) shall be realised.
5.1.17 Liquid jets at vehicle washing systems
Hose pipes of liquid jets used in vehicle washing systems shall be so guided that they cannot be damaged,
squeezed or driven over. Excessive tension or bending loads shall be avoided.
— Hose fittings shall be suitable for environmental conditions, e.g. chemistry, climate, pressure.
— High pressure pipework shall be designed with a maximum operating pressure from at least 1,5
times the nominal pressure referring to EN 60335-2-79:2012.
— Unintended exceeding of pressure and temperature shall be prevented.
— Hazards caused by combustion gases shall be avoided at oil- or gas- fired liquid heaters of liquid jets.
— When using flammable liquids, an explosive atmosphere shall be avoided.
— It shall be ensured that no persons are endangered by a liquid jet when vehicle washing systems are
used as intended.
— Components under internal pressure shall be equipped with devices which are able to depressurise
them.
NOTE Temperatures above 49 °C cause first degree burns in less than one minute exposure.
5.1.18 Monitoring
Vehicle washing systems, where the user of the system may stay inside the vehicle, shall be so equipped
that they can be visually monitored from the outside.
NOTE Vehicle washing systems that need to be monitored are automatic vehicle washing systems (started by
positioning the vehicle), takt/batch washing systems and drive through washing systems.
5.1.19 Electrical equipment
The electrical equipment shall be designed according to EN 60204-1:2018. For normal stop the stop
command shall be of category 0 or 1 and for operational stop the stop command shall be of category 2
according to EN 60204-1:2018. When used in moist and wet spaces electrical equipment shall at least
1)
comply with the degree of protection IP X5 according to EN 60529:1991 .Due to the environment in the
technical room, the protection can be less than IP X5. Safety related parts of control systems shall be
designed according to EN ISO 13849-1:2015.
5.1.20 Fluid hydraulics equipment
The fluid hydraulics equipment shall be designed according to EN ISO 4413:2010. Safety related parts of
control systems shall be designed according to EN ISO 13849-1:2015.
5.1.21 Fluid pneumatics equipment
The fluid pneumatics equipment shall be designed according to EN ISO 4414:2010. Safety related parts
of control systems shall be designed according to EN ISO 13849-1:2015.
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5.1.22 Control devices
Instructed service person driven vehicle washing systems and self-service washing systems shall be
equipped with control devices for starting and stopping. Start and restart after a stoppage, whatever the
cause, shall only be possible by voluntary actuation. This may be achieved by introducing a chip, card
system, code into the intended opening of the control box, or by sensors.
NOTE 1 Starting also includes the initiation of a program-controlled washing process. See also EN 60204-1.
NOTE 2 Voluntary actuation of the machine leading to the start or restart of the machine by sensor can be
achieved by detecting that the vehicle is placed by the driver for a defined amount of time in a specified starting
area.
5.1.23 Actuators of control devices
Actuators of control devices fo
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 17281:2018
01-november-2018
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Safety requirements - Vehicle cleaning equipment
Fahrzeugwaschanlagen - Sicherheitsanforderungen
Systèmes de lavage de véhicules - Exigences de sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 17281
ICS:
43.180 'LDJQRVWLþQDYGUåHYDOQDLQ Diagnostic, maintenance and
SUHVNXVQDRSUHPD test equipment
oSIST prEN 17281:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 17281:2018
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 17281
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2018
ICS 43.180
English Version
Safety requirements - Vehicle cleaning equipment
Fahrzeugwaschanlagen - Sicherheitsanforderungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 197.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 17281:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 17281:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 List of hazards . 10
5 Safety requirements and safety measures . 11
5.1 General safety requirements . 11
5.2 Additional requirements for systems for the cleaning of rail vehicles . 15
5.3 Additional requirements for roll-over washing systems . 15
5.4 Additional requirements for vehicle washing tunnels and vehicle conveying systems . 16
5.5 Additional requirements for manually movable vehicle washing systems . 17
6 Testing . 18
6.1 Testing of general safety requirements . 18
6.2 Additional testing at systems for the cleaning of rail vehicles . 20
6.3 Additional testing for roll-over washing systems . 21
6.4 Additional testing at vehicle washing tunnels and vehicles conveying units . 21
6.5 Additional testing at manually movable vehicle washing systems . 22
7 Information for use . 22
7.1 Instructions for use . 22
7.2 Marking . 23
Annex A (informative) Application examples . 24
A.1 Example for the prevention of crushing points . 24
Figure A.1 — Prevention of crushing points between front and back of the frames of the
travelling mechanisms and end or beginning of the guide rails . 25
A.2 Example for the prevention of crushing points . 26
Figure A.2 — Prevention of crushing points between moving parts and floor fixed element. 26
Annex B (informative) List of significant hazards . 27
Table B.1 — List of significant hazards . 27
Annex C (normative) Emission of sound . 39
C.1 Noise reduction . 39
C.2 Noise test code . 39
C.2.1 Normal operation for acoustical noise measurement . 39
C.2.2 Emission sound pressure level determination . 40
Figure C.1 — Sound pressure measurement set up of roll over washing systems . 40
C.2.3 Operating and mounting conditions . 41
C.2.4 Sound power level determination . 41
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C.2.5 Measurement uncertainties . 41
C.2.6 Information to be recorded . 41
C.2.7 Information to be reported . 41
C.2.8 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 41
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 42
Bibliography . 46
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European foreword
This document (prEN 17281:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 197 “Pumps”,
the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
This standard contains requirements and verifications, on the basis of which vehicle washing systems
can be granted the CE mark.
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Introduction
The scope of this standard describes the hazards dealt with. For hazards, which are not dealt with in this
standard, it is essential that the machines comply with EN ISO 12100, if appropriate.
Where an example is given for the clarification of the text, it should not be considered as the only
authorized solution. Each other solution is admitted provided the same result is achieved and an equal
level of safety for equal function is guaranteed.
It is not the purpose of this standard to exclude new designs of vehicle washing systems from a later
integration. It is essential that a new design at least complies with the safety requirements of this
standard.
If vehicle washing systems are operated under special conditions e.g. under the influence of the weather,
it is essential that the constructive measures, components and materials as well as service lines are
adapted to these conditions.
This standard does not contain requirements for the service life of vehicle washing systems, as it depends
on the site and on special demands of the clients.
When preparing the standard, carelessness of the user has partly been taken into account. The basis,
however, is intended, not unintended use.
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1 Scope
This document contains technical safety requirements for the design, equipment and testing of brushless
vehicle washing systems and vehicle washing systems with brushes for, indoor and outdoor operation
e.g. roll-over vehicle washing systems, vehicle washing tunnels, manually movable vehicle washing
facilities.
This standard does not apply to hand-guided high pressure cleaners which are covered by EN 60335-2-
79, to water recycling systems, buildings and doors for entering the traffic zone, for powered ride-on
machines and powered walk-behind machines with a traction drive.
NOTE Signals (example doors, lighting systems) may be provided by the vehicle washing system.
This standard contains requirements for the protection of persons and objects from accidents and
damages during use and operation of vehicle washing systems.
Persons to be protected are
– operators,
– maintenance and monitoring personnel,
– persons in the vicinity of vehicle washing systems,
– persons sitting in the vehicle during cleaning.
Objects to be protected are
– vehicles.
Significant hazards associated with vehicle washing systems are listed in Clause 4. These hazards have
been established by a risk assessment according to EN ISO 12100 and require measures to eliminate the
hazard or to reduce the risk. These measures are specified in Clause 5 of this standard.
The safety requirements assume that vehicle washing systems are regularly maintained by trained and
competent persons according to the manufacturer's information and that the operators, with the
exception of users of self-service washing systems, have been instructed in the handling of vehicle
washing systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 81-20, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Lifts for the transport of persons and
goods — Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts
EN 81-50, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Examinations and tests — Part 50:
Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components
EN 280, Mobile elevating work platforms — Design calculations — Stability criteria — Construction —
Safety — Examinations and tests
EN 349, Safety of machinery — minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
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EN 614-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general
principles
EN 60204-1, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC
60204-1)
EN 60335-2-79, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 2-79: Particular
requirements for high pressure cleaners and steam cleaners (IEC 60335-2-79)
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)
EN ISO 3744, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources
using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 11200, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Guidelines for the use of basic
standards for the determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified
positions (ISO 11200)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental
corrections (ISO 11202:2010)
EN ISO 11203:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level (ISO
11203:1995)
EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental
corrections (ISO 11204:2010)
EN ISO 11205:2009, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Engineering method for
the determination of emission sound pressure levels in situ at the work station and at other specified
positions using sound intensity (ISO 11205:2003)
EN ISO 13850, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design (ISO 13850)
EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and
lower limbs (ISO 13857)
EN ISO 14122-1, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of fixed
means and general requirements of access (ISO 14122-1)
EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2)
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
work and traffic zone
area which is assigned to one or several persons for the execution of the work task (from EN 614-1)
3.2
traffic zone (of a vehicle washing system)
area used for pedestrian or vehicular traffic from which the vehicle washing system can be entered and
exited
3.3
operating temperature (of the washing liquid)
temperature of the liquid supplied to the spraying device or to another part of the liquid system during
operation
3.4
operating pressure
pressure resulting at the pressure generator from a given volume flow with the corresponding nozzle
3.5
flammable liquid
liquid which can react exothermally with air when ignited
3.6
brushless vehicle washing system
vehicle washing system, where the cleaning is carried out without mechanical contact between washing
system and vehicle
Note 1 to entry: In general, the cleaning is carried out contactless, e.g. with liquid from nozzles.
3.7
pressure generator
device generating an overpressure
3.8
tandem roll-over vehicle washing system
two or more roll-over vehicle washing systems which wash and/or dry the same car, and move
independently
3.9
liquid heater
device for the heating of the liquids to the operating temperature
3.10
vehicle ground conveyor
device for the horizontal movement (trailing) of vehicles on a track or on rails
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3.11
vehicle displacement device
platform or access rails on which vehicles are mechanically moved in the washing system so that they
can be cleaned in their entire length even in short washing bays
3.12
vehicle washing system
system for the external cleaning of vehicles or parts of vehicles, where cleaning, drying or special
treatment devices and/or vehicles are mechanically moved and where the vehicle is placed in the system
by the vehicle driver
3.13
vehicle washing tunnel/street
vehicle washing system where the vehicles to be cleaned are moved through washing, drying or special
treatment points by means of power driven vehicle ground conveyor devices
3.14
liquid jet
device or system where the liquid, also with additives, is ejected in a free jet from devices equipped with
nozzles or from other devices equipped with speed increasing outlets
3.15
high pressure pipework
pipeline or hose pipe in which the liquid is conducted from the pressure generator to the consumption
points with a minimum pressure of 2,5 MPa and not exceeding 35 MPa
3.16
vehicle washing system with brushes
system, where the washing unit consists of rotating or moving bodies equipped with bristles, stripes or
similar elements
3.17
roll-over washing system
mobile, rail mounted vehicle washing system, where a gantry with mounted or integrated washing,
drying and special treatment devices is mechanically moved over the standing vehicle
Note 1 to entry: Also, rigidly coupled machines are considered as roll-over washing systems.
3.18
hose fittings
connecting elements for hoses or hose pipes
3.19
instructed service person driven vehicle washing system
vehicle cleaning facility which is started by an instructed service person
3.20
automatic vehicle washing system
vehicle cleaning facility which is started without an instructed service person
3.21
self-service vehicle washing system
vehicle cleaning facility which is started and operated by the customer
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3.22
instructed service person
capable of conducting the tasks as defined in the operator's manual of the manufacturer
3.23
automatic safeguard
automatic guard or protective device provided to protect persons from a hazard
3.24
protection devices
protection devices which guarantee the safe operation of the system
Note 1 to entry: This may e.g. be achieved by preventing the surpassing of the maximum recommended operating
parameters as e.g. pressure, temperature etc.
3.25
takt/batch washing system
mobile, rail mounted vehicle washing system of the roll over type, where the washing and drying units
are separately mounted on different gantries
Note 1 to entry: Both gantries are consecutively mounted. They move mechanically over the vehicle being either
in washing or drying position.
Note 2 to entry: The vehicle shall be moved from the washing to the drying position. In intermittent washing
systems, no continuous vehicle advance is carried out.
3.26
under chassis wash
device for cleaning the underside of vehicles
3.27
manually movable vehicle washing system
system which is manually moved along or around the standing vehicle
3.28
maximum operating pressure
pressure which is permitted for a component on the basis of the material and the calculation documents
at the permissible temperature
3.29
drive-through washing system
during cleaning, the vehicle is moved by its own power
4 List of hazards
The list of hazards given in Table B.1 is based on harmonised standards to the Machinery Directive
2006/42/EC. The numbering is taken from the Machinery Directive. The list contains significant hazards,
danger points and hazardous operating conditions related to vehicle washing systems. The relevant
requirements according to Clause 5 are intended to avoid hazards, to protect from dangers or to reduce
the risk.
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5 Safety requirements and safety measures
5.1 General safety requirements
5.1.1 Shearing and crushing points at power-operated movable parts
Crushing and shearing points at power operated parts shall be avoided in the work and traffic zones up
to a height of 2 m above the respective floor space for persons or, if this is not possible, they shall be
protected. The hazard points may be avoided or protected by e.g.:
– Safety distances according to EN 349 and EN ISO 13857;
– Guards;
– Safety devices;
– Deterring devices.
NOTE 1 Counterweights could be a point of crushing and shearing.
NOTE 2 The space between two independent moving tandem roll over vehicle washing systems could be a point
of crushing.
5.1.2 Tripping and twisting points
Tripping and twisting points in the work or traffic zones shall be avoided or protected.
Tripping points caused by ground rails are avoided if the rails are laid evenly with the ground.
Nevertheless, all necessary steps shall be taken to ensure that tripping and twisting points are avoided.
Twisting points are considered to be protected if they are made visible by appropriate surrounding
conditions, e.g. by sufficient lighting and/or coloured design.
Equipment such as e.g. wheel entering devices and on-floor under-chassis washing systems, which cannot
be realised below a certain level for functional reasons shall be visible by appropriate surrounding
conditions, e.g. by sufficient lighting and/or coloured design.
5.1.3 Gears and sprocket wheels
Enclosures for gears and sprocket wheels in the work and traffic zones shall not have openings not in
compliance with EN ISO 13857. If they are positioned outside the work and traffic zones, at least the nip
points shall be protected against contact.
5.1.4 Belt and rope drives
The nip points at belt and rope drives within the work and traffic zones shall be protected by guards or
deterring devices.
5.1.5 Supporting means
The supporting means for horizontal system components shall be designed with a safety factor for
breaking load divided by load bearing capacity of at least 6 to ensure the safety of the machine.
NOTE The factor is in conformity with EN 14492-2.
In the event of breaking of a supporting means, roof brushes or roof nozzles shall not fall down
uncontrolled. The drop distance shall only be 0,3 m at maximum within the work and traffic zone.
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5.1.6 Horizontal and vertical system components
Horizontal and vertical system components such as roof brushes with horizontal axis or horizontal roof
nozzle carriers shall automatically stop at their final positions. Furthermore, an additional protection
device shall stop the system components at the end of the guide rails.
NOTE This can for example be achieved by means of operational limit switches in connection with a fixed
stopper or an emergency limit switch or a fixed stopper in connection with an overload protection.
5.1.7 Guides/guide pulleys
Nip points between guides and guide pulleys of roof brushes, roof nozzles, side brushes and wheel wash
brushes within the work and traffic zones shall be so protected that it is not possible to introduce a hand
into them.
5.1.8 Guiding system
Vehicle washing systems shall be equipped with guiding devices for vehicles, leading the driver and
his/her vehicle into a correct centre position.
NOTE This is only mandatory for self-service washers.
5.1.9 Positioning system
Vehicle washing systems shall be equipped with one positioning device (each), leading the user of the
system with his/her vehicle into a correct longitudinal start position for the washing or drying process.
NOTE 1 To show the customer that he is in the correct position, a signal can be sufficient.
NOTE 2 This is only mandatory for self-service washers.
5.1.10 Wall and ceiling rails
Vehicle washing systems or parts of systems which are supported or guided by wall or ceiling rails shall
be so constructed that they cannot derail or crash.
5.1.11 Ground rails
Fixing elements for ground rails in the work and traffic zones, e.g. screws, shall be sunk in the rail base or
so designed that no crushing points with the front surface of the travelling mechanism result.
NOTE The fixing elements at systems for rail vehicles may be designed in the same way as those for railways.
5.1.12 Protruding components
Protruding components as e.g. retainer keys, screws and lubricating devices at rotating parts shall be
enclosed when there is the risk of entanglement of body parts or clothing, even if they are outside the
work and traffic zones.
5.1.13 Accessible covers
The width of openings in accessible covers on the work and traffic zone floor shall be 4 cm at maximum.
NOTE 1 Accessible covers are e.g. grids, sheets and working platforms.
NOTE 2 Wider openings were experienced to lead to accidents caused by twisting. Openings in accessible covers
can e.g. be necessary for under-chassis washing systems.
Accessible covers provided by the manufacturer shall be of a non-slip type with a slope angle between
19° – 27°.
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5.1.14 Treads
Surfaces which are intended to be treads shall be safe when accessed. They shall be protected against
unintended displacement.
Surfaces of treads shall be of a non-slip type with a slop angle between 19° – 27° and a minimum volume
3 2
of 4 cm /dm displacement space below the walking area, in connection with EN ISO 14122-2.
5.1.15 Vehicle wheel guides
The sides of the rail guides shall be constructed in a way that risks are avoided.
5.1.16 Vehicle displacement devices
Crushing points between vehicle displacement devices and chassis frame, ground rims, or under chassis
washing systems shall be avoided. If crushing points cannot be avoided, they shall be protected. If an
inclination is used as a measure to avoid a crushing point, then an angle of maximum 30° (see Figure A.2,
angles α, β) shall be realised.
5.1.17 Liquid jets at vehicle washing systems
Hose pipes of liquid jets used in vehicle washing systems shall be so guided that they cannot be damaged,
squeezed or driven over. Excessive tension or bending loads shall be avoided.
– Hose fittings shall be suitable for environmental conditions e.g. chemistry, climate, pressure.
– High pressure pipework should be designed with a maximum operating pressure from at least 1,5
times the nominal pressure referring to EN 60335-2-79.
– Unintended exceeding of pressure and temperature shall be prevented.
– Hot surfaces of liquid heaters should be designed in accordance with EN ISO 13732-1.
– Hazards caused by combustion gases shall be avoided at oil- or gas- fired liquid heaters of liquid jets.
– When using flammable liquids, an explosive atmosphere shall be avoided.
– It shall be ensured that no persons are endangered by a liquid jet when vehicle washing systems are
used as intended.
–
...
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