SIST EN 13016-1:2007
Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)
Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the total pressure, exerted in vacuo, by volatile, low viscosity petroleum products, components, and feedstocks containing air. A dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE) can be calculated from the air containing vapour pressure (ASVP) measurement.
The conditions used in the test described in this standard are a vapour-to-liquid ratio of 4:1 and a test temperature of 37,8 °C.
For referee testing the requirement to employ 1 l sample containers is mandatory. However, due to sample container size restrictions in taking automatic samples from vapour-locks either onboard a ship or from some land based storage tanks, the precision for 250 ml containers forms part of this standard and shall be used for referee purposes.
NOTE 1 This standard states precision for both 1 l and 250 ml sample containers. Annex A provides information on the precision values when using 50 ml at 37,8 °C or using 1 l samples at a test temperature of 50,0 °C.
The equipment is not wetted with water during the test, and the method described is therefore suitable for testing samples with or without oxygenates; no account is taken of dissolved water in the sample.
This method described is suitable for testing air-saturated samples that exert an air-saturated vapour pressure of between 9,0 kPa and 150,0 kPa at 37,8 °C.
This document is applicable to fuels containing oxygenated compounds up to the limits stated in the relevant EC Directive 85/536/EEC [4].
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term "% (m/m)"and "% (V/V)" are used to represent the mass, respectively the volume fraction.
WARNING - Use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulator
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Dampfdruck - Teil 1: Bestimmung des luftgesättigten Dampfdruckes (ASVP) und Berechnung des trockenen Dampfdruckäquivalentes (DVPE)
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Verfahren fest zur Messung des absoluten Dampfdrucks, gemessen im Vakuum, ausgeübt von luftgesättigten, niedrigviskosen Mineralölerzeugnissen, Komponenten und Einsatz¬produkten, die Luft enthalten. Ein Äquivalent zum „Trockenen Dampfdruck“ (DVPE) kann aus diesem „Luftgesättigten Dampfdruck“ (ASVP) berechnet werden.
Die in dieser Norm bei der Prüfung vorgeschriebenen Prüfbedingungen sind ein Dampf-Flüssigkeitsverhältnis von 4:1 und eine Prüftemperatur von 37,8 °C.
Für die Anwendung des Prüfverfahrens zu Schiedszwecken ist die Verwendung von Probenbehältern mit
1 l Fassungsvermögen zwingend vorgeschrieben. Es gibt jedoch insbesondere bei der automatischen Probenahme auf Schiffen oder auch bei einigen Landtanks Einschränkungen bezüglich der Größe der Probenbehälter. Für diese Fälle sind die in dieser Norm angegebenen Präzisionsangaben für 250 ml Behälter zu verwenden.
ANMERKUNG 1 Diese Norm gibt eine Präzision für 1 l und 250 ml Probenbehälter an. Informationen zu den Präzisionsdaten bei Verwendung eines Probenvolumens von 50 ml bei 37,8 °C oder 1 l bei einer Prüftemperatur von 50,0 °C sind in Anhang A angegeben.
Die Ausrüstung wird während der Prüfung nicht mit Wasser benetzt, daher ist das beschriebene Verfahren auch für Proben geeignet, die sauerstoffhaltige Komponenten enthalten; das in der Probe gelöste Wasser wird nicht berücksichtigt.
Das beschriebene Verfahren ist geeignet zur Messung von luftgesättigten Proben, die einen luftgesättigten Dampfdruck zwischen 9,0 kPa und 150,0 kPa bei 37,8 °C besitzen.
Diese Europäische Norm ist anwendbar auf Kraftstoffe, die sauerstoffhaltige Komponenten bis hin zu der in der relevanten EG-Richtlinie 85/536/EWG [4] angegebenen Grenze enthalten.
ANMERKUNG 2 Für die Anwendung dieser Europäischen Norm werden die Ausdrücke „% (m/m)“ für „Massenanteil in Prozent“ und „% (V/V)“ für „Volumenanteil in %“ verwendet.
Produits pétroliers liquides - Pression de vapeur - Partie 1 : Détermination de la pression de vapeur saturée en air (PVSA) et de la pression de vapeur seche équivalente calculée (PVSE)
La présente Norme européenne prescrit une méthode de détermination de la pression totale exercée dans le vide par des produits pétroliers, des bases pétrolières et des constituants pétroliers, volatils, de faible viscosité et contenant de l'air. Il est possible de calculer une pression de vapeur sèche équivalente (PVSE) à partir de la pression de vapeur saturée en air mesurée (PVSA).
Les conditions mises en oeuvre dans l’essai de la présente norme correspondent à un rapport vapeur sur liquide de 4:1 et une température d’essai de 37,8 °C.
Pour les arbitrages qui contrôlent les exigences, l'utilisation de récipients d'échantillon de 1 l est obligatoire. Cependant, à cause des restrictions sur la taille des récipients d'échantillon pour des échantillonnages automatiques soit à partir de sas à bord d'un bateau, soit à partir de réservoir de stockage situés sur terre, la fidélité pour les récipients de 250 ml est établie dans cette norme et doit être utilisée pour atteindre l'objectif de l'arbitrage.
NOTE 1 Cette norme établit la fidélité pour les récipients d'échantillon de 1 l et 250 ml. L'annexe A fournit des informations sur les valeurs de fidélité que l’on obtient avec des échantillons de 50 ml à 37,8 °C ou avec des échantillons de 1 l à une température d’essai de 50,0 °C.
L'équipement n'étant pas en contact avec de l'eau au cours de l'essai, la méthode est par conséquent applicable aux échantillons contenant ou non des composés oxygénés. Il n'est pas tenu compte de l'eau dissoute dans l'échantillon.
La méthode décrite convient au contrôle d'échantillons saturés en air qui exercent une pression de vapeur saturée en air comprise entre 9,0 kPa et 150,0 kPa à 37,8 °C.
Le présent document s’applique aux carburants contenant des composés oxygénés dans les limites définies par la Directive de la CE 85/536/CEE correspondante [4].
Tekoči naftni proizvodi – Parni tlak – 1. del: Določevanje z zrakom nasičenega parnega tlaka (ASVP) in enakovrednega parnega tlaka suhega zraka (DVPE))
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)'93(Produits pétroliers liquides - Pression de vapeur - Partie 1 : Détermination de la pression de vapeur saturée en air (PVSA) et de la pression de vapeur seche équivalente calculée (PVSE)Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Dampfdruck - Teil 1: Bestimmung des luftgesättigten Dampfdruckes (ASVP) und Berechnung des trockenen Dampfdruckäquivalentes (DVPE)Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13016-1:2007SIST EN 13016-1:2007en,fr,de75.160.20Liquid fuelsICS:SIST EN 13016-1:20001DGRPHãþDSLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13016-1:200701-december-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13016-1September 2007ICS 75.160.20 English VersionLiquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1:Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) andcalculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)Produits pétroliers liquides - Pression de vapeur - Partie 1 :Détermination de la pression de vapeur saturée en air(PVSA) et de la pression de vapeur sèche équivalentecalculée (PVSE)Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Dampfdruck - Teil 1:Bestimmung des luftgesättigten Dampfdruckes (ASVP) undBerechnung des trockenen Dampfdruckäquivalentes(DVPE)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13016-1:2007: E
EN 13016-1:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Principle.6 5 Reagents and materials.6 6 Apparatus.6 7 Sampling.7 8 Sample preparation.8 9 Preparation of apparatus.8 10 Calibration of apparatus.8 10.1 Pressure transducer.8 10.2 Temperature measuring device.9 11 Verification of apparatus.9 12 Procedure.9 13 Calculation.10 14 Expression of results.10 15 Precision.10 15.1 Repeatability, r.11 15.1.1 General.11 15.1.2 One litre sample container,.11 15.1.3 250 ml sample container.11 15.2 Reproducibility, R.11 15.2.1 General.11 15.2.2 One litre sample container.11 15.2.3 250 ml sample container.11 16 Test report.12 Annex A (informative)
Additional precision data.13 Annex B (informative)
Accepted reference values.14 Bibliography.15
EN 13016-1:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13016-1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2008. This document supersedes EN 13016-1:2000, which has been updated by the explicit addition of DVPE to better reflect its use in EN 228 [1]. The range for the instrument verification fluids has been widened and typical/consensus values added in an informative Annex. A revision to the sample introduction has been included as this was part of the original procedure that precision was based on. Editorial clarification of the sampling, sample preparation and calibration of the pressure transducer have been included. The precision statements have been updated following a global evaluation in 2003. EN 13016 consists of the following parts, under the general title Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure: Part 1: Determination of air-saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE). Part 2: Determination of absolute vapour pressure (AVP) between 40 °C and 100 °C. This part is based on and developed in parallel with IP 394 [2] and ASTM D 5191 [3]. It describes a general determination method, whereas part 2 describes a determination method at elevated temperatures. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 13016-1:2007 (E) 4 Introduction Vapour pressure is used as a classification criterion for the safe handling and carriage of petroleum products, feedstocks and components; it has a relationship to the potential for hydrocarbon emissions, under uncontrolled conditions, and thus is the subject of environmental scrutiny. Vapour pressure limitations are often imposed to prevent pump cavitation during transfer operations. Vapour pressure is one measure of the volatility characteristics of fuels used in many differing types of engines with large variations in operating temperatures. Fuels having a high vapour pressure may vaporize too readily in the fuel handling systems, resulting in decreased flow to the engine and possible stoppage by vapour lock. Conversely, fuels of low vapour pressure may not vaporize readily enough, resulting in difficult starting, slow warm-up and poor acceleration.
EN 13016-1:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the total pressure, exerted in vacuo, by volatile, low viscosity petroleum products, components, and feedstocks containing air. A dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE) can be calculated from the air containing vapour pressure (ASVP) measurement. The conditions used in the test described in this standard are a vapour-to-liquid ratio of 4:1 and a test temperature of 37,8 °C. For referee testing the requirement to employ 1 l sample containers is mandatory. However, due to sample container size restrictions in taking automatic samples from vapour-locks either onboard a ship or from some land based storage tanks, the precision for 250 ml containers forms part of this standard and shall be used for referee purposes.
NOTE 1 This standard states precision for both 1 l and 250 ml sample containers. Annex A provides information on the precision values when using 50 ml at 37,8 °C or using 1 l samples at a test temperature of 50,0 °C. The equipment is not wetted with water during the test, and the method described is therefore suitable for testing samples with or without oxygenates; no account is taken of dissolved water in the sample. This method described is suitable for testing air-saturated samples that exert an air-saturated vapour pressure of between 9,0 kPa and 150,0 kPa at 37,8 °C. This document is applicable to fuels containing oxygenated compounds up to the limits stated in the relevant EC Directive 85/536/EEC [4]. NOTE 2 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term "% (m/m)"and “% (V/V)” are used to represent the mass, respectively the volume fraction. WARNING — Use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) ISO 3007, Petroleum products and crude petroleum - Determination of vapour pressure - Reid method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 air-saturated vapour pressure total pressure ASVP observed pressure exerted in vacuo consisting of the partial pressure of petroleum products, components and feedstocks, in the absence on non-dissolved water, and the partial pressure of dissolved air
EN 13016-1:2007 (E) 6 3.2 Reid vapour pressure RVP vapour pressure as determined by ISO 3007 3.3 dry vapour pressure equivalent DVPE vapour pressure equivalent value calculated by a statistical correlation equation to a dry Reid vapour pressure 4 Principle A cooled air-saturated sample of known volume is injected into a thermostatically controlled evacuated chamber, or into a chamber that is evacuated by means of a moveable piston after sample introduction, the internal volume of which is five times that of the total test portion introduced into the chamber. After injection into the chamber, the sample is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium at the test temperature 37,8 ºC. The resulting total pressure in the chamber is equivalent to the vapour pressure of the sample and the partial pressure of the dissolved air and is measured using a pressure sensor and indicator. The measured total vapour pressure can be converted to a dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE) by use of a correlation equation. 5 Reagents and materials Use chemicals of 99 % (m/m) minimum purity for quality control check samples for verification of apparatus. 5.1 Pentane 5.2 2,2 Dimethylbutane 5.3 2,3 Dimethylbutane 5.4 Cyclopentane 6 Apparatus 6.1 Instrument 6.1.1 The instrument shall conform to the general requirements given in 6.1.2 to 6.1.6. NOTE Full details of suitable instruments are not given because of differences in the way that the basic principles are applied by individual manufacturers. The instrument shall be installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's manual. 6.1.2 The system shall be configured to enable the test chamber to be evacuated and isolated, the sample to be drained, and the system flushed and purged as necessary. 6.1.3 The test chamber shall be vacuum-tight, with a provision for introducing the sample, and shall be capable of containing between 5 ml and 50 ml of liquid and vapour with an accuracy of 1 %. The test chamber shall be capable of controlling the temperature of the sample to achieve the specified test temperature to within ± 0,1 °C and shall be capable of indicating the temperature to a resolution of at least 0,1 °C. NOTE 1 The test chambers used in the instruments that generated the precision statements were constructed from either aluminium or stainless steel.
NOTE 2 Test chambers with capacities less than 5 ml or greater than 50 ml may be used but the precision of the method can be affected.
EN 13016-1:2007 (E) 7 6.1.4 The apparatus shall be capable of measuring the vapour pressure of small samples of petroleum products, components and feedstocks over the range 9,0 kPa to 150,0 kPa, by means of a pressure transducer, with an accuracy of 0,8 kPa and a resolution of 0,1 kPa. 6.1.5 If a vacuum pump is required for use with the instrument, it shall be capable of reducing the pressure in the test chamber to less than 0,01 kPa absolute. 6.1.6 If a vacuum-tight syringe or similar equipment is required for measuring or injecting the required volume of sample into the test chamber, it shall be sized appropriately to the required sample size with an accuracy of at least 1 %. 6.2 Cooling equipment, air or iced-water bath or refrigerator, capable of cooling the samples to a temperature of between 0 °C and 1 °C. NOTE A suitably safe refrigerator should be used with highly volatile petroleum products. 6.3 Barometer, pressure measuring device, capable of measuring atmospheric pressure within an accuracy of 0,1 kPa or better and calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body. 6.4 Vacuum gauge for calibration, covering at least the range 0 kPa to 0,67 kPa, calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body. 6.5
Pressure measuring device, having a minimum measuring range from 0 kPa to 177 kPa, calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body. 6.6 Temperature measuring device, in the required temperature ranges, with a resolution of 0,1 °C and scale error of less than 0,1 °C, calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body. 7 Sampling 7.1 Due to the extreme sensitivity of vapour pressure measurements to losses through evaporation and the resulting changes in composition, the utmost precaution and the most meticulous care shall be taken in the drawing and handling of samples. 7.2 Samples shall be drawn in accordance with EN ISO 3170 and/or in accordance with t
...
SLOVENSKI oSIST prEN 13016-1:2006
PREDSTANDARD
februar 2006
Tekoči naftni proizvodi – Parni tlak – 1. del: Določevanje z zrakom nasičenega
parnega tlaka (ASVP) in enakovrednega parnega tlaka suhega zraka (DVPE)
Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1: Determination of air
saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent
(DVPE)
ICS 75.160.20 Referenčna številka
oSIST prEN 13016-1:2006(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 13016-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2005
ICS 75.160.20 Will supersede EN 13016-1:2000
English Version
Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1:
Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and
calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)
Produits pétroliers liquides - Pression de vapeur - Partie 1 : Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Dampfdruck - Teil 1:
Détermination de la pression de vapeur saturée en air Bestimmung des luftgesättigten Dampfdruckes (ASVP) und
(PVSA) et de la pression de vapeur sèche équivalente Berechnung des trockenen Dampfdruckäquivalentes
calculée (PVSE) (DVPE)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 19.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13016-1:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 13016-1:2005 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction.4
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Principle.6
5 Apparatus.6
6 Sampling.7
7 Sample preparation.7
8 Preparation of apparatus.8
9 Calibration of apparatus.8
9.1 Pressure transducer.8
9.2 Temperature measuring device .8
10 Verification of apparatus.9
11 Procedure.9
12 Calculation.10
13 Expression of results.10
14 Precision.10
14.1 Repeatability, r .10
14.2 Reproducibility, R .11
15 Test report.11
Annex A (informative) Precision data with 50 ml and 250 ml sample sizes or a test temperature of
50,0 °C.12
Annex B (informative) Accepted reference values.13
Bibliography.14
2
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prEN 13016-1:2005 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 13016-1:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Petroleum
products, lubricants and related products”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13016-1:2000, which has been updated by the explicit addition of DVPE
that better reflects its use in EN 228 [1]. The range for the instrument verification fluids has been widened and
typical/consensus values added in an informative Annex. A revision to the sample introduction has been
included as this was part of the original procedure that precision was based on. Editorial clarification of the
sampling, sample preparation and calibration of the pressure transducer have been included. The precision
statements have been updated following a global evaluation in 2003.
EN 13016 consists of the following parts, under the general title Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure:
Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent
(DVPE).
Part 2: Determination of absolute vapour pressure (AVP) between 40 °C and 100 °C.
This part is based on and developed in parallel with IP 394 [2] and ASTM D 5191 [3]. It describes a general
determination method, whereas part 2 describes one at elevated temperatures.
3
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prEN 13016-1:2005 (E)
Introduction
Vapour pressure is used as a classification criterion for the safe handling and carriage of petroleum products,
feedstocks and components; it has a relationship to the potential for hydrocarbon emissions, under
uncontrolled conditions, and thus is the subject of environmental scrutiny.
Vapour pressure limitations are often imposed to prevent pump cavitation during transfer operations.
Vapour pressure is one measure of the volatility characteristics of fuels used in many differing types of
engines with large variations in operating temperatures. Fuels having high vapour pressure may vaporize too
readily in the fuel handling systems, resulting in decreased flow to the engine and possible stoppage by
vapour lock. Conversely, fuels of low vapour pressure may not vaporize readily enough, resulting in difficult
starting, slow warm-up and poor acceleration.
4
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prEN 13016-1:2005 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the total pressure, exerted in vacuo, by
volatile, low viscosity petroleum products, components, and feedstocks containing air. A dry vapour pressure
equivalent (DVPE) can be calculated from the air containing vapour pressure (ASVP) measurement.
The conditions used in the test described in this standard are a vapour-to-liquid ratio of 4:1, a sample size of
700 ml to 800 ml, and a test temperature of 37,8 °C.
NOTE 1 Annex A gives information on the precision values when using 50 ml and 250 ml samples or using a test
temperature of 50,0 °C.
The equipment is not wetted with water during the test, and the method described is therefore suitable for
testing samples with or without oxygenates; no account is taken of dissolved water in the sample.
This method described is suitable for testing air-saturated samples that exert an air saturated vapour pressure
of between 9,0 kPa and 150,0 kPa at 37,8 °C.
This document is applicable to fuels containing oxygenated compounds up to the limits stated in the relevant
EC Directive 85/536/EEC [4].
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this European Standard, the term “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction.
WARNING — The use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to
this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004).
ISO 3007, Petroleum products and crude petroleum - Determination of vapour pressure - Reid method.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
air-saturated vapour pressure
total pressure
ASVP
observed pressure exerted in vacuo by the partial pressure of air-saturated petroleum products, components
and feedstocks, in the absence of non-dissolved water, and the partial pressure of the dissolved air
3.2
Reid vapour pressure
RVP
vapour pressure as determined by ISO 3007
5
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prEN 13016-1:2005 (E)
3.3
dry vapour pressure equivalent
DVPE
vapour pressure equivalent value calculated by a statistical correlation equation to a dry Reid vapour pressure
4 Principle
A known volume of cooled, air-saturated sample is injected into a thermostatically controlled evacuated
chamber, the volume of which is five times that of the sample introduced into the chamber. After injection into
the chamber, the sample is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium at the test temperature, 37.8 C. The resulting
total pressure in the chamber is equivalent to the vapour pressure of the sample and the partial pressure of
the dissolved air and is measured using a pressure sensor and indicator. The measured total vapour pressure
can be converted to a dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE) by use of a correlation equation.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Instrument
5.1.1 The instrument shall conform to the general requirements given in 5.1.2 to 5.1.6.
NOTE Full details of suitable instruments are not given because of differences in the way that the basic principles are
applied by individual manufacturers.
The instrument shall be installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's manual.
5.1.2 The system shall be configured to enable the test chamber to be evacuated and isolated, the sample
to be drained, and the system flushed and purged as necessary.
5.1.3 The test chamber shall be vacuum-tight, with provision for the introduction of the sample, and shall be
capable of containing between 5 ml and 50 ml of liquid and vapour with an accuracy of 1 %. The test chamber
shall be capable of controlling the temperature of the sample to achieve the specified test temperature to
within ± 0,1 °C and of indicating the temperature to a resolution of at least 0,1 °C.
NOTE 1 The test chambers used in the instruments that generated the precision statements were constructed from
either aluminium or stainless steel.
NOTE 2 Test chambers with capacities less than 5 ml or greater than 50 ml may be used but the precision of the
method can be affected.
5.1.4 The apparatus shall be capable of measuring the vapour pressure of small samples of petroleum
products, components and feedstocks over the range 9,0 kPa to 150,0 kPa, by means of a pressure
transducer, with an accuracy of 0,8 kPa and a resolution of 0,1 kPa.
5.1.5 If a vacuum pump is required for use with the instrument, it shall be capable of reducing the pressure
in the test chamber to less than 0,01 kPa absolute.
5.1.6 If a vacuum-tight syringe or similar equipment is required for measuring or injecting the required
volume of sample into the test chamber, it shall be sized appropriately to the required sample size with an
accuracy of at least 1 %.
5.2 Cooling equipment, air or iced-water bath or refrigerator, capable of cooling the samples to a
temperature of between 0 °C and 1 °C.
NOTE A suitably safe refrigerator should be used with highly volatile petroleum products.
5.3 Barometer, capable of measuring atmospheric pressure within an accuracy of 0,1 kPa or better and
calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body.
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prEN 13016-1:2005 (E)
5.4 Vacuum gauge or pressure transducer, covering at least the range 0 kPa to 0,67 kPa, calibrated
and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized certification body.
5.5 Temperature measuring device, in the required temperature ranges, with a resolution of 0,1 °C and
scale error of less than 0,1 °C, calibrated and/or verified against an instrument certified by an authorized
certification body.
6 Sampling
6.1 Due to the extreme sensitivity of vapour pressure measurements to losses through evaporation and the
resulting changes in composition, the utmost precaution and the most meticulous care shall be taken in the
drawing and handling of samples.
6.2 Samples shall be drawn in accordance with EN ISO 3170. However, the water displacement technique
shall not be used.
NOTE The drawing of samples using automatic techniques, such as those described in EN ISO 3171 [5], is not
recommended unless the technique has been proven not to lose light ends from the product or component being sampled.
Loss of light ends can effect the vapour pressure measu
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