SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
(Main)Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys (ISO 15156-3:2015)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys (ISO 15156-3:2015)
This part of ISO 15156 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of
CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas
production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments whose failure can pose
a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to
help avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the
materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations.
This part of ISO 15156 addresses the resistance of these materials to damage that can be caused by
sulfide stress-cracking (SSC), stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), and galvanically induced hydrogen
stress cracking (GHSC).
This part of ISO 15156 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or
localized corrosion is not addressed.
Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable,
including permitted exclusions.
This part of ISO 15156 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and
constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods,
see ISO 15156-1:2015, Clause 5.
This part of ISO 15156 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or
downstream processes and equipment.
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den Einsatz in H2S-haltiger Umgebung bei der Öl- und Gasgewinnung - Teil 3: Hochlegierte Stähle (CRAs) und andere Legierungen (ISO 15156-3:2015)
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 nennt Anforderungen und gibt Empfehlungen für die Auswahl und Qualifizierung von hochlegierten Stählen (CRAs) (korrosionsbeständigen Legierungen) und weiteren Legierungen für den Betrieb in Einrichtungen der Öl- und Gasgewinnung und in Erdgasbehandlungsanlagen im Bereich H2S-haltiger Umgebungen, deren Versagen ein mögliches Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsrisiko für die Allgemeinheit und das Personal oder für die Umwelt darstellen kann. Er kann angewendet werden zur Vermeidung kostspieliger Beschädigungen infolge von Korrosion der Anlage selbst. Er ergänzt, ersetzt aber nicht die in einschlägigen Konstruktionsrichtlinien, Normen oder Regelwerken enthaltenen Anforderungen an Werkstoffe.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 behandelt die Beständigkeit dieser Werkstoffe gegen Beschädigungen, die durch H2S induzierte Spannungsrisskorrosion (SSC), Spannungsrisskorrosion (SCC) und galvanisch induzierte wasserstoffinduzierte Rissbildung (GHSC) verursacht werden können.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 behandelt ausschließlich die Rissbildung. Er befasst sich nicht mit Werkstoff-verlusten durch allgemeine (durch Massenverlust bedingte) oder örtliche Korrosion.
Tabelle 1 enthält als nicht erschöpfende Liste eine Übersicht von Ausrüstungen, die in den Anwendungs-bereich dieses Teiles von ISO 15156 fallen, einschließlich zugelassener Ausnahmen.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 gilt für die Qualifizierung und Auswahl von Werkstoffen für Ausrüstungen, die unter Verwendung von lastgesteuerten Auslegungsverfahren ausgelegt und gebaut wurden. Für Konstruktionen, bei denen auf Dehnung beruhende Auslegungsverfahren zur Anwendung kommen, siehe ISO 15156 1:2015, Abschnitt 5.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 ist nicht zwangsläufig auch für die Anwendung auf Ausrüstungen in Raffinierungs- oder nachgeschalteten Verfahren und Einrichtungen geeignet.
Tabelle 1 — Übersicht von Ausrüstungen
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pour utilisation dans des environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et de gaz - Partie 3 : ARC (alliages résistants a la corrosion) et autres alliages résistants à la fissuration (ISO 15156-3:2015)
Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Materiali za uporabo v okoljih s H2S v proizvodnji olja in plina - 3. del: Visokolegirana jekla (CRAs) in druge zlitine (ISO 15156-3:2015)
Ta del standarda ISO 15156 podaja zahteve ter priporočila za izbor in razvrstitev visokolegiranih jekel (CRAs) in drugih zlitin za servisiranje v opremi, ki se uporablja v obratih za proizvodnjo nafte in plina ter obratih za obdelavo plina v okoljih s H2S, kjer lahko odpoved takšne opreme predstavlja tveganje za zdravje in varnost ljudi ter osebja ali tveganje za okolje. Uporablja se lahko za preprečevanje dragih poškodb na opremi, ki so posledica korozije. Dopolnjuje, vendar ne nadomešča zahtev za material iz ustreznih standardov ali predpisov. Ta del standarda ISO 15156 se osredotoča na odpornost teh jekel na škodo, ki je lahko posledica sulfidnega napetostnega pokanja (SSC) napetostnega korozijskega pokanja (SCC) in galvansko induciranega vodikovega napetostnega pokanja (GHSC).
Ta del standarda ISO 15156 se nanaša samo na pokanje. Izguba materiala, ki je posledica splošne (izguba mase) ali
lokalne korozije v tem delu ni zajeta. Tabela 1 podaja neizčrpen seznam opreme, za katero se uporablja standard ISO 15156, vključno z dovoljenimi izjemami.
Ta del standarda ISO 15156 velja za razvrstitev in izbiro materialov za opremo, ki je zasnovana in izdelana z metodami nadzora obremenitev. Za procese načrtovanja, ki uporabljajo metode za načrtovanje, ki temeljijo na raztezanju, glejte točko 5 standarda ISO 15156-1:2015.
Ta del standarda ISO 15156 morda ni primeren za uporabo z opremo, ki se uporablja pri postopkih in v opremi za čiščenje
in obdelavo.
General Information
Relations
Related Packages
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
01-december-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2010
Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Materiali za uporabo v okoljih s
H2S v proizvodnji olja in plina - 3. del: Visokolegirana jekla (CRAs) in druge zlitine
(ISO 15156-3:2015)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments
in oil and gas production - Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys)
and other alloys (ISO 15156-3:2015)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den Einsatz in H2S-haltiger Umgebung bei
der Öl- und Gasgewinnung - Teil 3: Hochlegierte Stähle (CRAs) und andere Legierungen
(ISO 15156-3:2015)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pour utilisation dans des
environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et
de gaz - Partie 3 : ARC (alliages résistants a la corrosion) et autres alliages résistants à
la fissuration (ISO 15156-3:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ICS:
75.180.10 Oprema za raziskovanje in Exploratory and extraction
odkopavanje equipment
77.060 Korozija kovin Corrosion of metals
SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
EN ISO 15156-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2015
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.180.10; 77.060 Supersedes EN ISO 15156-3:2009
English Version
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in
H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production -
Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant
alloys) and other alloys (ISO 15156-3:2015)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den
pour utilisation dans des environnements contenant de Einsatz in H2S-haltiger Umgebung bei der Öl- und
l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de Gasgewinnung - Teil 3: Hochlegierte Stähle (CRAs) und
pétrole et de gaz - Partie 3 : ARC (alliages résistants a la andere Legierungen (ISO 15156-3:2015)
corrosion) et autres alliages résistants à la fissuration
(ISO 15156-3:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 July 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15156-3:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
EN ISO 15156-3:2015 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
EN ISO 15156-3:2015 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 15156-3:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118
"Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines and equipment" in collaboration with Technical
Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and
natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 15156-3:2009.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 15156-3:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15156-3:2015 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15156-3
Third edition
2015-09-01
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Materials for use in H2S-
containing environments in oil and
gas production —
Part 3:
Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-
resistant alloys) and other alloys
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Matériaux pour utilisation
dans des environnements contenant de l’hydrogène sulfuré (H2S)
dans la production de pétrole et de gaz —
Partie 3: ARC (alliages résistants à la corrosion) et autres alliages
résistants à la fissuration
Reference number
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4
5 Factors affecting the cracking-resistance of CRAs and other alloys in H S-
2
containing environments . 5
6 Qualification and selection of CRAs and other alloys with respect to SSC, SCC, and
GHSC in H S-containing environments. 5
2
6.1 General . 5
6.2 Evaluation of materials properties . 6
6.2.1 Hardness of parent metals . 6
6.2.2 Cracking-resistance properties of welds. 6
6.2.3 Cracking-resistance properties associated with other fabrication methods . 8
6.3 PREN . 8
7 Purchasing information and marking . 8
7.1 Information that should be supplied for material purchasing . 8
7.2 Marking, labelling, and documentation . 9
Annex A (normative) Environmental cracking-resistant CRAs and other alloys (including
Table A.1 — Guidance on the use of the materials selection tables) .10
Annex B (normative) Qualification of CRAs for H S-service by laboratory testing .56
2
Annex C (informative) Information that should be supplied for material purchasing .66
Annex D (informative) Materials chemical compositions and other information .68
Annex E (informative) Nominated sets of test conditions .84
Bibliography .85
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 15156-3:2009), which has been
technically revised with the following changes:
— replacement in the Scope of the term “conventional elastic design criteria” by the term “load
controlled design methods”;
— refinements to 6.3 to require the use of absolute values when F is calculated for use in this part
PREN
of ISO 15156;
— acceptance of the environmental limits for low carbon 300 series stainless steels also for their dual
certified grades;
— changes to some of the tables of Annex A to more conservatively reflect the current knowledge of
the limits of use of some materials;
— changes to the definition of acceptable limits to in situ production environment pH in some
tables of Annex A;
— additions to a number of tables of Annex A of new sets of acceptable environmental limits for (new)
materials and their associated metallurgical requirements.
ISO 15156 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries —
Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production:
— Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials
— Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
— Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
Introduction
The consequences of sudden failures of metallic oil and gas field components associated with their
exposure to H S-containing production fluids led to the preparation of the first edition of NACE MR0175
2
which was published in 1975 by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, now known as NACE
International.
The original and subsequent editions of NACE MR0175 established limits of H S partial pressure above
2
which precautions against sulfide stress-cracking (SSC) were always considered necessary. They
also provided guidance for the selection and specification of SSC-resistant materials when the H S
2
thresholds were exceeded. In more recent editions, NACE MR0175 has also provided application limits
for some corrosion-resistant alloys in terms of environmental composition and pH, temperature, and
H S partial pressures.
2
In separate developments, the European Federation of Corrosion issued EFC Publication 16 in 1995 and
EFC Publication 17 in 1996. These documents are generally complementary to those of NACE, though
they differed in scope and detail.
In 2003, the publication of the ISO 15156-series and NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 was completed for the
first time. These technically identical documents utilized the above sources to provide requirements
and recommendations for materials qualification and selection for application in environments
containing wet H S in oil and gas production systems. They are complemented by NACE TM0177 and
2
NACE TM0284 test methods.
The revision of this part of ISO 15156 involves a consolidation of all changes agreed and
published in the Technical Circular 1, ISO 15156-3:2009/Cir.1:2011(E), Technical Circular 2,
ISO 15156-3:2009/Cir.2:2013(E), Technical Circular 3, ISO 15156-3:2009/Cir.3:2014(E), and Technical
Circular 4, ISO 15156-3:2009/Cir.4:2014(E), published by the ISO 15156 Maintenance Agency secretariat
at DIN, Berlin.
The changes were developed by and approved by the ballot of representative groups from within the oil
and gas production industry. The great majority of these changes stem from issues raised by document
users. A description of the process by which these changes were approved can be found at the ISO 15156
maintenance website: www.iso.org/iso15156maintenance.
Technical Circular ISO 15156-3:2009/Cir.2:2013 and Technical Circular
ISO 15156-3:2009/Cir.3:2014 intend that an informative Annex F should be published for this part of
ISO 15156 that was to give an alternative presentation of the information contained in the materials
selection tables of Annex A.
During final editing of this part of ISO 15156, a number of technical errors were found in the transfer of
information between the materials selection tables of Annex A and Table F.1. In order not to delay the
publication of the new edition of this part of ISO 15156, the ISO 15156 Maintenance Agency agreed that
the proposed Annex F should not be published at this time.
When found necessary by oil and gas production industry experts, future interim changes to this part of
ISO 15156 will be processed in the same way and will lead to interim updates to this part of ISO 15156
in the form of Technical Corrigenda or Technical Circulars. Document users should be aware that such
documents can exist and can impact the validity of the dated references in this part of ISO 15156.
The ISO 15156 Maintenance Agency at DIN was set up after approval by the ISO Technical Management
Board given in document 34/2007. This document describes the make up of the agency which includes
experts from NACE, EFC and ISO/TC 67, and the process for approval of amendments. It is available from
the ISO 15156 maintenance website and from the ISO/TC 67 Secretariat. The website also provides
access to related documents that provide more detail of ISO 15156 maintenance activities.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in
H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production —
Part 3:
Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and
other alloys
WARNING — CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys selected using this part of ISO 15156
are resistant to cracking in defined HS-containing environments in oil and gas production,
2
but not necessarily immune to cracking under all service conditions. It is the equipment user’s
responsibility to select the CRAs and other alloys suitable for the intended service.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 15156 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of
CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas
production and natural gas treatment plants in H S-containing environments whose failure can pose
2
a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to
help avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the
materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations.
This part of ISO 15156 addresses the resistance of these materials to damage that can be caused by
sulfide stress-cracking (SSC), stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), and galvanically induced hydrogen
stress cracking (GHSC).
This part of ISO 15156 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or
localized corrosion is not addressed.
Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable,
including permitted exclusions.
This part of ISO 15156 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and
constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods,
see ISO 15156-1:2015, Clause 5.
This part of ISO 15156 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or
downstream processes and equipment.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
Table 1 — List of equipment
ISO 15156 is applicable to materials used for the Permitted exclusions
following equipment
Drilling, well construction, and well-servicing Equipment exposed only to drilling fluids of controlled
a
equipment composition
Drill bits
b
Blowout-preventer (BOP) shear blades
Drilling riser systems
Work strings
c
Wireline and wireline equipment
Surface and intermediate casing
d
Wells including subsurface equipment, gas lift Sucker rod pumps and sucker rods
equipment, wellheads, and christmas trees
Electric submersible pumps
Other artificial lift equipment
Slips
Flow-lines, gathering lines, field facilities, and field Crude oil storage and handling facilities operating at
processing plants a total absolute pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi)
Water-handling equipment Water-handling facilities operating at a total absolute
pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi)
Water injection and water disposal equipment
Natural gas treatment plants —
Transportation pipelines for liquids, gases, and Lines handling gas prepared for general commercial
multi-phase fluids and domestic use
For all equipment above Components loaded only in compression
a
See ISO 15156-2:2015, A.2.3.2.3 for more information.
b
See ISO 15156-2:2015, A.2.3.2.1 for more information.
c
Wireline lubricators and lubricator connecting devices are not permitted exclusions.
d
For sucker rod pumps and sucker rods, reference can be made to NACE MR0176.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 7539-7, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Stress corrosion testing — Part 7: Method for slow strain rate
testing
ISO 10423, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and production equipment — Wellhead and
christmas tree equipment
ISO 11960, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Steel pipes for use as casing or tubing for wells
ISO 15156-1:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments
in oil and gas production — Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
ISO 15156-2:2015, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing
environments in oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and the
use of cast irons
1)
ASTM A747/A747M , Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening
ASTM E29, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with
Specifications
ASTM E562, Standard Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by Systematic Manual Point Count
2)
EFC Publications Number 17 , Corrosion resistant alloys for oil and gas production: guidelines on general
requirements and test methods for H2S service
3)
NACE CORROSION/95 , Paper 47, Test methodology for elemental sulfur-resistant advanced materials for
oil and gas field equipment
NACE CORROSION/97 Paper 58, Rippled strain rate test for CRA sour service materials selection
NACE TM0177, Laboratory testing of metals for resistance to sulfide stress cracking and stress corrosion
cracking in H2S environments
NACE TM0198, Slow strain rate test method for screening corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs) for stress
corrosion cracking in sour oilfield service
SAE AMS-2430, Shot Peening, Automatic
4)
SAE — ASTM, Metals and alloys in the Unified Numbering System, ISBN 0-7680-04074
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15156-1, ISO 15156-2, and the
following apply.
3.1
ageing
change in metallurgical properties that generally occurs slowly at room temperature (natural ageing)
and more rapidly at higher temperature (artificial ageing)
3.2
anneal
heat to and hold at a temperature appropriate for the specific material and then cool at a suitable rate
for such purposes as reducing hardness, improving machineability, or obtaining desired properties
3.3
austenite
face-centred cubic crystalline phase of iron-based alloys
3.4
duplex stainless steel
austenitic/ferritic stainless steel
stainless steel (3.13) whose microstructure at room temperature consists primarily of a mixture of
austenite (3.3) and ferrite (3.5)
1) ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA.
2) European Federation for Corrosion, available from The Institute of Materials, 1 Carlton House Terrace, London
SW1Y 5DB, UK [ISBN 0-901716-95-2].
3) NACE International, P.O. Box 2183140, Houston, TX 77218-8340, USA.
4) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, USA.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
3.5
ferrite
body-centred cubic crystalline phase of iron-based alloys
3.6
ferritic stainless steel
stainless steel (3.13) whose microstructure at room temperature consists predominantly of ferrite (3.5)
3.7
galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking
GHSC
cracking that results due to the presence of hydrogen in a metal induced in the cathode of a galvanic
couple and tensile stress (residual and/or applied)
3.8
martensite
hard, supersaturated solid solution of carbon in iron characterized by an acicular (needle-like)
microstructure
3.9
martensitic steel
steel in which a microstructure of martensite (3.8) can be attained by quenching at a cooling rate fast
enough to avoid the formation of other microstructures
3.10
pitting-resistance equivalent number
PREN
F
PREN
number developed to reflect and predict the pitting resistance of a CRA based upon the proportions of
the elements Cr, Mo, W, and N in the chemical composition of the alloy
Note 1 to entry: See 6.3 for further information.
3.11
production environment
natural occurring produced fluids without contamination from chemicals that will temporarily or
continuously reduce the in situ pH
Note 1 to entry: Flow back of chemicals for stimulation and scale removal may temporarily reduce the pH
significantly and some continuously injected chemicals, such as scale inhibitors, can continuously reduce pH.
3.12
solid solution
single crystalline phase containing two or more elements
3.13
stainless steel
steel containing 10,5 % mass fraction or more chromium, possibly with other elements added to secure
special properties
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviated terms shown in ISO 15156-1 and
ISO 15156-2 apply, some of which are repeated for the purpose of convenience, together with the following:
AYS actual yield strength
CR c-ring
CRA corrosion-resistant alloy
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 15156-3:2015
ISO 15156-3:2015(E)
HBW Brinell hardness
HRB Rockwell hardness (scale B)
HRC Rockwell hardness (scale C)
pCO partial pressure of CO
2 2
pH S partial pressure of H S
2 2
PWHT post-weld heat treatment
0
S elemental sulfur
RSRT rippled strain rate test
SSRT slow strain rate test
UNS unified (alloy) numbering system
5 Factors affecting the cracking-resistance of CRAs and other alloys in H S-
2
containing environments
The cracking behaviour of CRAs and other alloys in H S-containing environments can be affected by
2
complex interactions of parameters including the following:
— chemical composition, strength, heat treatment, microstructure, method of manufacture, and
finished condition of the material;
— H S partial pressure or equivalent dissolved concentration in the water phase;
2
— acidity (in situ pH) of the water phase;
— chloride or other halide ion concentr
...
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