VPK - Pulp, paper, board and products

The aim of the present standard is to determine the time necessary to disintegrate a test piece of toilet
paper, in specified conditions.
This test method is applicable to every type of toilet paper, with exception to papers used in toilets with
a specific way of paper removal [for example watertight chemical toilets in some means of transport:
see NF F 31-829 (French standard)].
Removal problems encountered in this latter case may then justify a greater degree of resistance of
the product and thus a very long disintegration time, or even no disintegration at all.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of acid-soluble magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron, copper, sodium and potassium by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP/ES). The acid-soluble element comprises the acid-soluble part of the incineration residue, i.e. that part of the ignition residue obtained after incineration which is soluble in hydrochloric acid or nitric acid. In cases where the residue is completely soluble, the result obtained by the procedure specified in this document is a measure of the total amount of each element in the sample.
This document is applicable to all types of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials.
The limit of determination depends on the element and on the instrument used.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by cold water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all types of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.  
Since the extraction in this document is performed with distilled or deionised water, the pH-value measured will sometimes be different (e.g. for fully bleached pulp) from the pH-value measured under mill process conditions in which various types of process waters, e.g. chemically treated river water containing electrolytes, are used. In such cases, ISO 29681 should be used instead, as it is specifically applicable to bleached pulps from virgin fibres and to pulp samples having a low ionic strength for which the pH value will give more realistic results related to mill conditions than those obtained with this document.
For cellulosic papers used for electrical purposes, the method used should be that given in IEC 60554‑2[4].

This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by hot water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all kinds of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.
Since the extraction in this document is performed with distilled or deionised water, the pH-value measured will sometimes be different (e.g. fully bleached pulp) from the pH-value measured under mill process conditions in which various types of process waters, e.g. chemically treated river water containing electrolytes, are used. In such cases, ISO 29681 can be used instead, as it is specifically applicable to bleached pulps from virgin fibres and to pulp samples having a low ionic strength for which the pH value will give more realistic results related to mill conditions than those obtained with this document. For cellulosic papers used for electrical purposes, the method used can be that given in IEC 60554-2[4].

This document describes the determination of the residue (ash content) on ignition of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials. This document is applicable to all types of paper, board, pulp and cellulose nanomaterial. This document provides measurement procedures to obtain a measurement precision of 0,01 % or better for residue (ash content) on ignition at 900 °C.
In the context of this document, the term "cellulose nanomaterial" refers specifically to cellulose nano-object (see 3.2 to 3.4). Owing to their nanoscale dimensions, these cellulose nano-objects can have intrinsic properties, behaviours or functionalities that are distinct from those associated with paper, board and pulps.

This document specifies three test methods for determining the bending stiffness of paper and paperboard. The test methods differ in the type of loading mode, thus giving rise to the two-point, three-point and four-point bending test methods.
For paper and paperboard in a low thickness range, the two-point bending method and the three-point bending method are suitable.
For corrugated fibreboard and board with a higher thickness, the four-point bending method is recommended.
The measurement conditions are defined in such a way that the test piece is not subjected to any significant permanent deformation during the test, nor is the range of validity of the formulae for calculating the bending stiffness exceeded.
In these bending tests, the test pieces of paper and board are regarded as "beams" as defined by the science of the strength of materials, see Reference [2].

This document specifies a method for determining titanium dioxide content in all kinds of paper and board, in particular coated or filled products. It comprises two procedures for the final determination of titanium, one of them relying on spectrophotometry and the other on flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The limits of the determination depend on the amount of sample taken (8.1).
NOTE The method is designed for the determination of titanium dioxide. Titanium present in other forms, for example as a constituent of clay, will not interfere in the determination.

This Technical Report specifies an analytical test method for the determination of bisphenol A in solvent extracts of paper and board materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs using a high performance liquid chromatograph coupled to a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD).
This method can be applied to determine Bisphenol A (see table 1) in concentrations ranging from 0,025 mg/l to 2 mg/l in the solvent extracts, corresponding to 0,05 mg/kg to 4 mg/kg paper and board. The measurement range can easily be extended up to 40 mg/kg by adjusting the concentration factor of the solvent extract.

ISO 2493-2 specifies procedures to measure the bending resistance of paper and paperboard using a Taber-type tester.This document is used to determine the bending moment required to deflect the free end of a 38 mm wide vertically clamped specimen by 15° when the load is applied at a bending length of 50 mm. For boards that tend to be permanently deformed if bent through 15°, the half bending angle, i.e. 7,5°, can be used. The bending resistance is expressed in terms of the bending moment and parameters set by the manufacturer of the Taber-type tester.The method is primarily used for papers with a high grammage.

EN-ISO 536 specifies a method for determining the grammage of paper and board.

This document establishes general principles for the use of terms in the entire working field of tissue
paper and tissue products.
It permits the use of a common terminology in industry and commerce.
It is expressly stated that ISO 15755 applies for the detection of impurities and contraries in tissue
paper and tissue products.
For the determination of moisture content in tissue paper and tissue products, ISO 287 applies.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance to mechanical penetration
(ball burst strength procedure) of tissue paper and tissue products after wetting.

This European Standard specifies a method of obtaining a representative sample from a lot (considered to be any significant shipment – see Clause 3) of PfR for testing to determine whether or not its composition and/or quality complies with the requirements of EN 643 and or other specifications.
It defines the sampling procedures which apply when sampling is carried out to resolve compliance issues and commercial disputes between buyer and seller relating to a lot of paper for recycling, at any point in the value chain, where those procedures are not defined in the contract between buyer and seller.
-   This standard is not intended for routine monitoring of processes or quality.
-   This standard is not applicable if the material is not intended for recycling.
-   The method is unsuitable for determining the variability within a lot.

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating
medium after laboratory fluting using a B-flute geometry.
The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the
manufacture of corrugated board.
NOTE ISO 7263-1 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using an A-flute geometry.

This European standard describes two representative methods for the determination of the extractable amount of specific
primary aromatic amines (PAA) in a water extract of paper, board and pulp samples by means of HPLC with MS/MS
detection which basically differ concerning the choice of the mobile and stationary phases. Deviating from this standard
further methods may be applicable if it can be shown that comparable results can be achieved. A validation must be carried
out by each laboratory.
It is applicable for the determination of the 22 primary aromatic amines (PAA) mentioned in the annex of directive
2002/61/EC of 19th July 2002 amending Council Directive 76/769/EEC relating to restrictions on the market and use of
certain dangerous substances and preparations (azocolourants) which are classified as carcinogenic categories 1A and 1B
according to the CLP regulation and aniline.
The method described by this standard also shall be applicable for the determination of further primary aromatic amines
(PAA). A validation for every further analyte has to be done by the laboratory using this method.
The extractable amount of a primary aromatic amine (PAA) is expressed in mg PAA per litre water extract. This method is
suitable for the determination of PAA with a working range of about 0,001 – 0,020 mg/l water extract.
NOTE: Deviating from this standard further methods may be applicable, if it can be shown that comparable results can be
achieved. A validation must be carried out by each laboratory.

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating
medium after laboratory fluting using an A-flute geometry.
The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the
manufacture of corrugated board.
NOTE ISO 7263-2 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using a B-flute geometry.

This document describes procedures for the testing of the fastness of fluorescent whitened paper and board
intended to come into contact with foodstuffs. Some procedures depending on the foreseeable use of the material
are given.
Visual absence of the fluorescence under UV light will be evaluated.
NOTE: For samples having significant different sides, a migration can occur from one glass fibre to the other and
could lead to wrong interpretation of the fastness of one side. These samples should be checked using large
sampling procedure to prevent cross contamination of the glass fibre during the migration procedure. The
procedure is described in annexe A. If lower limit of detection is required, this procedure could also be used.

This document describes procedures for the testing of dyed paper and board intended to come into contact with
foodstuffs. Some procedures depending on the foreseeable use of the material are given.
Visual evaluation against a grey scale provides grading of the bleeding.
NOTE: For samples having significant different sides, a migration can occur from one glass fibre to the other and
could lead to wrong interpretation of the fastness of one side. These samples should be checked using large
sampling procedure to prevent cross contamination of the glass fibre during the migration procedure. The
procedure is described in annexe A. If lower limit of detection is required, this procedure could also be used.

This document provides both general requirements and specific requirements (Annex A) for laboratories
seeking to become “Authorized Laboratories (ALs)” and to maintain their Authorized Laboratory status
for the issue of optical reference transfer standards of level 3. This document follows the requirements
and adopts the format of ISO/IEC 17025, with the aims of:
a) establishing and maintaining international optical reference transfer standards of level 2 (IR2)
traceable to an international optical reference primary standard of level 1 (IR1) maintained by a
standardizing laboratory;
b) distributing traceability required to achieve inter-laboratory agreement in the results of test
methods specified in International Standards for optical properties of paper, board or pulp;
c) participating in the design and development of new methods and international harmonization of
procedures.
When a laboratory does not undertake one or more of the activities covered by this document, such as
sampling and the design/development of new methods, the requirements of those clauses do not apply.
This document is for use by specified laboratories authorized to issue optical reference transfer
standards in developing their management system for quality, administrative and technical operations.
Laboratory customers, regulatory authorities and accreditation bodies can also use it in confirming or
recognizing the competence of laboratories.
NOTE It might be necessary to explain or interpret certain requirements in this document to ensure that
the requirements are applied in a consistent manner. Guidance for consistent application can be obtained from
Technical Committee ISO/TC 6.

This European Standard is one in a series of Standards for the determination of heavy metals in an aqueous extract of paper or board intended for contact with food. This European Standard specifies the test method for the determination of cadmium, lead and chromium in an aqueous extract.
It is applicable to paper and paperboard with extractable metal contents exceeding:
-   0,02 mg per kg for cadmium;
-   0,15 mg per kg for lead;
-   0,05 mg per kg for chromium.
Metal content levels below those given can be measured by this European Standard if very sensitive equipment is available and if all other laboratory conditions fulfil the requirements for trace element analysis.

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of transfer of antimicrobial constituents from paper and board materials and articles intended for food contact.
NOTE   The need of using this Standard can be specified by the legislation regarding paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs.

This document specifies the procedure to be used for determining the whiteness of papers and boards.
The values obtained correspond to the visual appearance of white papers and boards with or without
fluorescent whitening agents when they are viewed under the CIE D65 daylight standard illuminant.
It is based on reflectance data obtained over the full visible spectral range (VIS) in contrast to the
measurement of ISO brightness which is limited to the blue region of VIS.
In addition, it specifies a method for adjustment of the UV content to correspond to the CIE D65
daylight illuminant[10][11], insofar as results obtained when fluorescent whitening agents are present
are dependent upon the UV content of the radiation falling upon the sample. It is specific for white
fluorescent paper samples where the emission due to the fluorescent whitening agent (FWA) occurs in
the blue region of the visible spectrum.
This method is not applicable to coloured papers containing fluorescent dyes.
This document should be read in conjunction with ISO 2469.
NOTE 1 This document is based on the CIE whiteness formula, published in CIE 15.3-2004[9].
NOTE 2 A related International Standard, ISO 11476, specifying the procedure for obtaining values
corresponding to the appearance of these products under indoor illumination, has also been published.

This document specifies a method for the calculation of light-scattering and light-absorption coefficients
based upon diffuse reflectance measurements made under the conditions specified in ISO 2469 using
the colour matching function ȳ(λ) and CIE illuminant C.
It is emphasized that the strict evaluation of the light-scattering and light-absorption coefficients
requires conditions which cannot be achieved with the instrumentation specified here. The values
obtained by application of this document are dependent on the application of the Kubelka-Munk
equations, not to full reflectance data but to reflectance factor data obtained using the specified d/0°
geometry and a gloss trap.
The use of the method is restricted to white and near-white uncoated papers with an opacity less
than about 95 %. Paper that has been treated with a fluorescent dyestuff or that exhibits significant
fluorescence can only be dealt with if a filter with a cut-off wavelength of 420 nm is used to eliminate all
the fluorescence effect in the UVex(420) mode.
NOTE 1 The residual UV-level in the instrument may depend on whether the instrument is adjusted to UV(C)
or UV(D65) conditions prior to switching to the UVex(420) mode, but it is considered that this uncertainty in the
residual level can be ignored in the application of this document.
NOTE 2 Although this method is restricted to paper, it can be applied to pulp sheets, although this is not in
accordance with this document. In general, when pulps are tested, the light-absorption coefficient at 457 nm
corresponding to the ISO brightness value or the spectral absorption coefficients are of greater interest than the
weighted value standardized in this document.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the water vapour transmission rate (often
erroneously called “permeability”) of sheet materials.
This method is not generally recommended for use if the transmission rate is expected to be less than
1 g/m2 per day or for materials thicker than 3 mm. In such cases the method specified in ISO 9932 is
preferred.
The method cannot be applied to film materials that are damaged by hot wax or that shrink to an
appreciable extent under the test conditions used.
For some purposes it may be necessary to determine the transmission rate of creased material; a
procedure for this is given in Annex A.

This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the moisture content of a lot
of paper and board. The procedure in Clause 8, describing how the test pieces are drawn from the lot, is
performed at the time of sampling.
This document is applicable to every type of lot of paper and board, including corrugated board and
solid board, provided that the paper or board does not contain any substances, other than water, that
are volatile at the temperature specified in this document.
NOTE For determination of the dry matter content of a sample of paper or board, e.g. for calculation of the
dry mass of the sample, ISO 638[1] can be used.

This International Standard specifies the procedure to be used for determining the CIE whiteness of
papers and boards, in order to obtain values which correspond to the visual appearance of white papers
and boards, with or without fluorescent whitening agents, when they are viewed indoors. It is based on
radiance factor data obtained over the full visible spectral range (VIS) in contrast to the measurement
of ISO brightness, which is limited to the blue region of VIS. This International Standard also specifies
the procedures for the determination of CIE tint values and the fluorescent component of CIE whiteness.
In addition, it specifies a method for adjustment of the UV-content to correspond to that of CIE
illuminant C,[10][12] since the results obtained when fluorescent whitening agents are present are
dependent upon the UV-content of the radiation falling upon the sample. The CIE illuminant C is taken
to be representative of indoor illumination conditions because it contains a suitable proportion of UV
radiation.[7] This method is not applicable to coloured papers containing fluorescent dyes. It is specific
to the situation where the fluorescence occurs in the blue region of the visible spectral range.
This International Standard is read in conjunction with ISO 2469.
NOTE 1 It is recognized that the CIE whiteness formula was developed in the context of the CIE standard
illuminant D65,[5] but the similarity between the relative spectral power curves for the C and D65 illuminants
within the visible region and the closeness of their correlated colour temperatures (6 770 K and 6 500 K
respectively) are taken as a justification for the use of the analogous whiteness formula with the CIE illuminant C.
NOTE 2 A related International Standard, ISO 11475, specifies the procedure for obtaining values
corresponding to the appearance of papers viewed under the CIE standard illuminant D65.

This part of ISO 2470 specifies a method for measuring the diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO
brightness) of pulps, papers and boards.
This part of ISO 2470 is limited in its scope to white and near-white pulps, papers and boards. The
measurement can only be made in an instrument in which the ultraviolet energy level of the illumination
has been adjusted to correspond to the CIE illuminant C[6] using a fluorescent reference standard.
The CIE illuminant C is taken to be representative of indoor daylight conditions because it contains a
suitable proportion of UV radiation.[9]
NOTE The property called D65 brightness is measured with an instrument adjusted to correspond with CIE
standard illuminant D65,[4] which has a much higher UV content than that specified in this part of ISO 2470. The
measurement of D65 brightness is described in ISO 2470-2.[2]

The document identifies the types of paper and board (cardboard, paperboard and corrugated board), which meet archival quality for the preparation of the record, document, books, and for the protection of archival material on paper and used in the preservation of heritage on paper.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the wet tensile strength of tissue paper
and tissue products after soaking with water, using a tensile-strength-testing apparatus operating with
a constant rate of elongation.
Currently, two types of tensile-strength-testing apparatus are commercially available, one where
the test piece is positioned vertically and, for the other, horizontally. This document applies for both.
For vertical tensile-strength-testing apparatus, a device which is held in the lower grip of the tensilestrength-
testing apparatus, called a Finch Cup, is used to achieve the wetting. For horizontal tensilestrength-
testing apparatus, the soaking device is placed between the clamps.
In cases where impurities and contraries have to be determined, ISO 15755[6] applies for these
detections in tissue paper and tissue products.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the tensile strength, stretch at
maximum force and tensile energy absorption of tissue paper and tissue products. It uses a tensiletesting
apparatus operating with a constant rate of elongation.
It also specifies the method of calculating the tensile index and the tensile energy absorption index.
In cases where impurities and contraries have to be determined, ISO 15755[6] applies for these
detections in tissue paper and tissue products.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of grammage of tissue paper and tissue
products.

This part of ISO 8254 specifies a photometric test method for the assessment of visual gloss by means
of a reflectometer value measured at an angle of 75°. It is applicable to plane paper and board surfaces
of gloss levels below 65, measured according to this part of ISO 8254. It should be the preferred method
for paper and board surfaces of gloss levels below 20, measured according to this part of ISO 8254.
Materials containing optical brightening agents may be measured.

This part of ISO 4046 is an alphabetical index of
English and French terms which are defined in the
ISO 4046 series of standards, which document the
terminology of paper, board, pulp and related terms.

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the alkali-insoluble fraction of
pulps using sodium hydroxide solution of fixed concentration. The sodium hydroxide concentrations
most frequently used are 18, 10, and 5 % (m/m).
The method is applicable to all kinds of pulp.

This part of ISO 4046 defines terms related to pulping,
in both English and French.

This International Standard describes the general procedure for measuring the diffuse radiance factor of
all types of pulp, paper and board. More particularly, it specifies in detail in Annex A the characteristics
of the equipment to be used for such measurements, and in Annex B the procedures to be used for
calibrating that equipment.
This International Standard may be used to measure the diffuse radiance factors and related properties
of materials containing fluorescent whitening agents, provided that the UV-content of the instrument
illumination has been adjusted to give the same level of fluorescence as a fluorescent reference standard
for a selected CIE illuminant, in accordance with the specific International Standard describing the
measurement of the property in question.
This International Standard describes in Annex C the preparation of fluorescent reference standards,
although the procedures for using these standards are not included, since their use is described in
detail in the specific International Standards describing the measurement of the properties of materials
containing fluorescent whitening agents.

This part of ISO 5631 specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse
reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss.
This part of ISO 5631 is not applicable to coloured papers or boards which incorporate fluorescent dyes
or pigments. It may be used to determine the colour of papers or boards which contain fluorescent
whitening agents provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted
to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard that fulfils the
requirements for international fluorescent reference standards of level 3 (IR3) as prescribed by
ISO 2469 with an assigned ISO brightness value (C/2°) provided by an authorized laboratory, as
described in ISO 2470-1.

This part of ISO 4046 defines terms related to paper
making, in both English and French.

This part of ISO 4046 defines terms related to paper
and board grades and converted products, in both
English and French.

This International Standard describes the determination of the residue (ash) on ignition of paper, board
and pulp at 525 °C. It is applicable to all types of paper, board, and pulp samples. The ash may consist of
a) mineral matter in the pulp and various residues from chemicals used in its manufacture,
b) metallic matter from piping and machinery, and
c) fillers, pigments, coatings, or residues from various additives.
In samples containing calcium carbonate, there is practically no decomposition of carbonate by ashing
at 525 °C. Other fillers and pigments such as clay and titanium dioxide are also unaffected by ashing
at 525 °C. Accordingly, the residue on ignition as determined by this International Standard provides
a good estimate of the total inorganic matter in the sample, provided that the sample does not contain
other minerals which decompose at or below this temperature. For example, magnesium carbonate and
calcium sulfate may, at least partly, decompose at temperatures below 525 °C.

This part of ISO 4046 defines terms related to
properties of pulp, paper and board, in both English
and French.

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the Kappa number of pulp. The
Kappa number is an indication of the lignin content or bleachability of pulp.
This International Standard is applicable to all kinds of chemical pulps and semi-chemical pulps within
the Kappa number range 1 to 100. For pulps with a Kappa number exceeding 100, use the chlorineconsumption
procedure (ISO 3260) to describe the degree of delignification.
To achieve the greatest precision and accuracy, the sample size has to be adjusted so that the
consumption of permanganate falls between 20 % and 60 % of the amount added.
NOTE There is no general and unambiguous relationship between the Kappa number and the lignin content
of pulp. The relationship varies according to the wood species and delignification procedure. All compounds
oxidized by KMnO4, not only lignin, will increase the consumption of KMnO4, and thereby increase the Kappa
number.[8] If the Kappa number is to be used to derive an index of pulp lignin content, specific relationships will
have to be developed for each pulp type.

This part of ISO 12625 specifies testing procedures for the instrumental determination of brightness and colour of tissue paper and tissue products viewed in indoor daylight conditions. It also gives specific instructions for the preparation of test pieces (single-ply, multi-ply products) and for the optical measurements of products, where special precautions may be necessary.

This part of 12625 specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance to mechanical penetration (ball burst
strength procedure) or tissue paper and tissue products.
It is expressly stated that the detection of impurities and contraries in tissue paper and tissue products should be applied according
to ISO 15755.
For the determination of moisture content in tissue paper and tissue products, ISO 287 should be applied.

This part of ISO 12625 specifies testing procedures for the instrumental determination of opacity paper backing of
tissue paper and tissue products by diffuse reflectance.
This part of ISO 12625 also gives specific instructions for the preparation of test pieces (single-ply, multi-ply products),
where special precautions may be necessary.
It can be used to determine the opacity of tissue paper and tissue products which contain fluorescent whitening agents,
provided the UV content of the radiation incident on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE
illuminant C using a fluorescent reference standard provided by an ISO/TC 6 authorized laboratory as described in ISO 2470-1.
This International Standard is not applicable to coloured tissue paper and tissue products which incorporate fluorescent
dyes or pigments.

EN ISO 2758 specifies a method for measuring the bursting strength of paper submitted to increasing hydraulic pressure. It is applicable to paper having bursting strengths within the range 70 kPa to 1 400 kPa. It is not intended to be used for the components (such as fluting medium or linerboard) of a combined board, for which the method given in ISO 2759[1] is more suitable. In the absence of any commercial agreement as to which method should be used for testing the material, materials with bursting strengths below 600 kPa should be tested according to this International Standard.

EN ISO 2759 specifies a method for measuring the bursting strength of board submitted to increasing hydraulic pressure. It is applicable to all types of board (including corrugated and solid fibreboard) having bursting strengths within the range 350 kPa to 5 500 kPa. It is also applicable to papers or boards having bursting strengths as low as 250 kPa if the paper or board is to be used to prepare a material of higher bursting strength, such as corrugated board. In such cases, the measurements will not necessarily have the accuracy or precision stated for this method and it is necessary to include a note in the test report stating that the test gave results that were below the minimum value required by the method. In the absence of any commercial agreement as to which method should be used for materials with bursting strengths between 350 kPa and 1 400 kPa, all materials with bursting strengths below 600 kPa, except components of solid and corrugated fibreboard, should be tested by ISO 2758 and the remainder by this International Standard.

This part of EN ISO 12625 specifies a test method for the determination of thickness, bulking thickness and the calculation of apparent bulk density and bulk of tissue papers and tissue products under a pressure of 2,0 kPa.