EN 14943:2005
(Main)Transport services - Logistics - Glossary of terms
Transport services - Logistics - Glossary of terms
This European Standard establishes definitions for commonly used terms in logistics. It encompasses all aspects of logistics and supply chain management including transport. The terms, with their definitions, are presented in strict alphabetical order with no attempt to relate them to any particular function within the logistics concept.
Transportdienstleistungen - Logistik - Glossar
Diese Europäische Norm legt Definitionen für allgemein verwendete Begriffe der Logistik fest. Eingeschlossen
sind sämtliche Aspekte der Logistik und von Prozessketten sowie des Transports. Die Begriffe mit den zuge-hörigen
Definitionen sind in alphabetischer Reihenfolge aufgeführt, und es besteht nicht die Absicht, diese mit
irgendeiner Funktion innerhalb des Logistikkonzepts in Zusammenhang zu bringen.
Services de transport - Logistique - Glossaire de termes
La présente Norme européenne définit les termes couramment utilisés en logistique. Elle comprend l'ensemble des aspects liés à la logistique et à la gestion de la chaîne logistique (y compris le transport). Les termes et leurs définitions apparaissent par ordre alphabétique, et non d’après leur fonction spécifique dans le secteur logistique.
Transportne storitve – Logistika – Slovar izrazov
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2006
Transportne storitve – Logistika – Slovar izrazov
Transport services - Logistics - Glossary of terms
Transportdienstleistungen - Logistik - Glossar
Services de transport - Logistique - Glossaire de termes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14943:2005
ICS:
01.040.03 Storitve. Organizacija Services. Company
podjetja, vodenje in kakovost. organization, management
Uprava. Transport. and quality. Administration.
Sociologija. (Slovarji) Transport. Sociology.
(Vocabularies)
03.100.10 Nabava. Dobava. Logistika Purchasing. Procurement.
Management of stock
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 14943
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2005
ICS 01.040.03; 03.100.10
English Version
Transport services - Logistics - Glossary of terms
Services de transport - Logistique - Glossaire de termes Transportdienstleistungen - Logistik - Glossar
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 November 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14943:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword. 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope. 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
Annex A (informative) Proposed structure for a logistics system . 140
Annex B (informative) Glossary of logistics related acronyms. 145
Annex C (informative) Terms of delivery. 149
Bibliography . 150
Foreword
This European Standard (EN 14943:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 320
“Transport - Logistics and services”, the secretariat of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2006, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by June 2006.
This European Standard has been prepared by Working Group 6 “Transport Services: Logistics” of
CEN/TC 320 “Transport Services”.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Introduction
Logistics is now widely recognised as a highly important function of every organisation dealing with
physical goods (and of many that do not). In order to make it work effectively along the total physical
and information chains of supply, delivery and planning, it uses a number of terms that, while in
frequent use, are rarely fully defined. The wider dissemination of logistics concepts has brought about
the creation of new terms and changes in meaning of older terms; these need to be understood
throughout Europe.
Although the word “logistics” has military origins, the concepts and functions of logistics are nowadays
adopted by all kinds of private-sector and public-sector organisations as well as in the military sector.
In this European Standard the terms are defined with reference to the needs of commercial
organisations, i.e. business systems. Most of the definitions are also appropriate for non-commercial
organisations.
In preparing this list of terms stringent selection criteria have been applied. The Glossary lists only
those terms that have a realistic relationship with logistics. Terms of a general nature, having a
meaning which is identical to or very similar to the definition to be found in a conventional dictionary,
are not listed.
Similarly, terms which are frequently used in a logistics environment but which originate from a
different business function or are of a specialist nature are not listed. This refers in particular to terms
in the areas of:
• finance;
• commerce, including payment terms;
• information technology;
• mathematics.
Terms are defined by reference to their usage in European organisations, although some terms and
definitions of American origin that have achieved wide acceptance are also included.
Important sources of information have included:
• Terminology in Logistics: Terms & Definitions. European Logistics Association
(ELA), Brussels, 1994
• BS 5191 Production Planning and Control Terms - Vocabulary. British Standards
Institution (BSi), London (new edition in press).
• APICS Dictionary (10th edition). APICS, Falls Church, VA, USA, 2000
Where possible, reference has been made to existing de jure and de facto standards such as:
• UN Trade Data Elements Directory
• Delivery conditions as described by the International Chamber of Commerce
• UN / EDIFACT: United Nations Electronic Data Interchange for Administration
andTransport. Economic Commission for Europe, ISBN 92-1-116650.
Throughout, consistency with terms used in ISO, EDI and other publications has been sought.
This Glossary is an update and extension of pEN 12777, although some terms which are now
considered out-of-date have been eliminated. A number of new terms have been added as a
consequence of new developments in the field of logistics.
The sequence of entries in the Glossary is purely alphabetical, for simplicity and ease of use. In
addition an Annexe provides a categorisation of terms. A second Annex lists logistics-related
acronyms.
A recent CEN Report (CR 13908), prepared by CEN/TC 273/WG 4 “Logistics Performance Measures,
Requirements and Measuring Methods”, deals comprehensively with the definition and measurement
of performance in logistics. Consequently only a limited number of logistics performance indicators
has been included in this Glossary of terms.
1 Scope
This European Standard establishes definitions for commonly used terms in logistics. It encompasses all
aspects of logistics and supply chain management including transport. The terms, with their definitions,
are presented in strict alphabetical order with no attempt to relate them to any particular function within
the logistics concept.
2 Normative references
Not applicable.
3 Terms and definitions
3.1
A item
small group of items (material or product) that according to an ABC classification, represent a large
part of the total consumption value, production value, turnover value or stocks
[See: ABC classification]
3.2
ABC analysis (Pareto-analysis)
method of analysis where items are sorted according to certain characteristics (e.g. historical or
anticipated consumption multiplied by unit value), into sequential order and stratified into classes
3.3
ABC classification
classification of a group of items (materials or products) into three or more categories stratified in
sequence of their importance or magnitude, e.g. for the purpose of stock control and planning.
NOTE The classification is the result of an ABC analysis.
The categories being designated, for example, A, B and C, where:
A: small group of items (materials or products) that represents a large part of the total consumption
value, production value, turnover value or stocks. Most attention is paid to this category;
B: intermediate group that is paid less attention;
C: large group of items (materials or products) that represent only a small part of the total
consumption value, production value, turnover value or stocks. Relatively speaking, this category
receives the least attention and requires mostly a different solution
3.4
ABC zoning
assignment of storage locations in a store to one of three or more areas (zones) according to travel
distance/time to the point of supply in order to minimise travel time
3.5
abnormal demand
see: incidental demand
3.6
accessibility
ability of a carrier to provide service between a provenance and a destination
3.7
accessorial service
service rendered by a carrier in addition to its transportation service, e.g. such as stopping in transit to
complete loading or for partial unloading, or heating, refrigerating, or storing shipped goods
3.8
accompanied transport
transport of complete road vehicles through another mode of transport (e.g. by ferry or train)
accompanied by the driver
3.9
accumulation bin (assembly bin)
physical location used to accumulate all of the components that go into an assembly before sending
the assembly order out to the assembly floor
3.10
active stock
stock that covers raw material, work in process, finished products which will be used or sold within a
given period
3.11
acknowledgement of receipt
notification relating to the receipt of something such as goods, messages and documents
3.12
actual demand
demand that represents firm customer orders
3.13
actual stock
amount of stock at a particular moment in time
3.14
add/delete bill of material
planning bill of material to forecast options
NOTE In this bill of material a standard item can be replaced by another item.
3.15
additional loading device
standardised carrying platform suited to materials handling equipment or surrounding/bordering
vessel that loads quantities of goods and combines them for transportation, transhipment or storing
3.16
additional requirement
supplementary need of materials which is calculated according to a predetermined schedule from
supplementary needs arising from rejects and technical changes etc., and/or a known incidental need
NOTE It is a part of the gross requirements.
3.17
ADR(Accord européen relatif au transport international des marchandises Dangereuses par Route)
regulations which govern the international movement of dangerous goods by road
3.18
advance material request (AMR)
ordering materials before the release of the formal product design
3.19
advanced planning and scheduling (APS)
decision support tools employing computer based optimisation, that deal with analysis and planning of
logistics and manufacturing over short, intermediate, and long-term time periods
3.20
advanced ship notice (ASN)
EDI notification of shipment of product
3.21
agent
person or organization authorized to act for or on behalf of another person or organization
3.22
aggregate forecast
estimate of sales for some grouping of products, perhaps for all products or within a family of products,
produced by some manufacturing facility
NOTE Stated in terms of units or money worth or both, the aggregate forecast is used for sales and
operations planning purposes and to control the total company forecast.
3.23
aggregate inventory management
establishing the overall levels of stock desired and implementing controls to ensure that individual
replenishment decisions achieve this goal
3.24
aggregate plan
plan that includes data relating to all items or to groups or families of items
NOTE Usually the basis of the production plan.
3.25
aggregate stock
stock for any grouping of items or products, involving multiple stock keeping units
3.26
aggregation (- level, - plan, - reporting, - stock etc.)
combining parts to form sets on the basis of certain criteria, the aim being to enable these sets to be
regarded as a single whole with respect to particular points of consideration or planning functions.
These sets can again be combined to form new sets
NOTE 1 Figures relating to sets frequently possess more reliability for (long term) planning than the figures
relating to the parts. For the aggregation of products, the criteria can, for example, be selected on the basis of
commercial considerations (e.g. all products with a particular performance) or production considerations (e.g. all
products with a particular type of labour content). The sets of products created in this way can be regarded as a
single whole for the purpose of planning.
NOTE 2 Reverse of aggre
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