EN 14986:2007

Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres

1.1   This European Standard specifies the constructional requirements for fans constructed to Group II G (of explosion groups IIA, IIB and hydrogen) categories 1, 2 and 3, and Group II D categories 2 and 3, intended for use in explosive atmospheres.
NOTE   Operation conditions for the different categories of fans used in this European Standard are defined in Clause 4.
1.2   This European Standard does not apply to group I fans (fans for mining), cooling fans or impellers on rotating electrical machines, cooling fans or impellers on internal combustion engines.
NOTE 1   Requirements for group I fans are given in EN 1710.
NOTE 2   The requirements for electrical parts are covered by references to electrical equipment standards.
1.3   This European Standard specifies requirements for design, construction, testing and marking of complete fan units intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres in air containing gas, vapour, mist and/or dusts. Such atmospheres may exist inside (the conveyed fluid), outside, or inside and outside of the fan.
1.4   This European Standard is applicable to fans working in the range of ambient atmospheres having absolute pressures ranging from 0,8 bar to 1,1 bar, temperatures ranging from  20 °C to  60 °C, maximum volume fraction of 21 % oxygen content and an aerodynamic energy increase of less than 25 kJ/kg.
NOTE 1   This European Standard may also be helpful for the design, construction, testing and marking of fans intended for use in atmospheres outside the validity range stated above or in cases where other material pairings need to be used. In this case, the ignition risk assessment, ignition protection provided, additional testing (if necessary), manufacturer's marking, technical documentation and instructions to the user, should clearly demonstrate and indicate the equipment's suitability for the conditions the fan may encounter.
NOTE 2   This European Standard does not apply to integral fans of electric motors.
NOTE 3   Where undated r

Konstruktion von Ventilatoren für den Einsatz in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen

Diese Norm legt die baulichen Anforderungen an Ventilatoren der Gruppe II G Kategorien 1, 2 und 3, und Gruppe II D Kategorien 2 und 3 für die Verwendung in explosionsfähigen Atmosphären fest.
Betriebsbedingungen für die verschiedenen Kategorien von Ventilatoren, die von dieser Norm erfasst werden, sind in Abschnitt 4 definiert.
Diese Norm ist nicht anwendbar auf Ventilatoren für die Verwendung im Zusammenhang mit Gasen der Gruppe II C, die im Anhang zu EN 50014 verzeichnet sind.
Diese Norm ist nicht anwendbar auf Gruppe I Ventilatoren (Ventilatoren für den Bergbau), Kühlgebläse oder Flügelräder für drehende elektrische Maschinen, Kühlgebläse oder Flügelräder für Verbrennungsmotoren .
ANMERKUNG 1   Anforderung an Gruppe I Ventilatoren sind in EN 1710 enthalten.
Diese Norm legt Anforderungen an Konstruktion, Bau, Prüfung und Kennzeichnung kompletter Ventilator-Einheiten fest, die für den Einsatz in explosionsfähiger Atmosphäre, die durch Gase, Dämpfe, Nebel und/oder Staub entsteht, bestimmt sind. Solche Atmosphären können innerhalb, außerhalb, oder innerhalb und außerhalb des Ventilators existieren.
Diese Norm gilt für Ventilatoren, die in umgebenden Atmosphären mit einem absoluten Druck von 0,8 bar bis 1,1 bar, Temperaturen von - 20 °C bis + 60 °C und maximal 21 % Volumenanteil Sauerstoff bei einer  aerodynamischen Energie-Zunahme von weniger als 25 kJ/kg arbeiten.
ANMERKUNG 2   Diese Norm kann auch hilfreich sein für Konstruktion, Bau, Prüfung und Kennzeichnung von Ventilatoren, die für den Einsatz in Atmosphären bestimmt sind, die nicht in den Gültigkeitsbereich dieser Norm fallen. In diesem Fall sollte durch Bewertung des Zündrisikos, der vorgeschlagenen Zündschutzart, der zusätzlichen Prüfung (falls erforderlich), der Hersteller-Kennzeichnung, der technischen Dokumentation und Betriebsanweisungen dem Benutzer die Eignung der Ventilatoren eindeutig dargestellt und nachgewiesen werden.

Conception des ventilateurs pour les atmosphères explosibles

Načrtovanje ventilatorjev za delovanje v potencialno eksplozivnih atmosferah

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 27-Feb-2007
• Withdrawal Date: 10-Jan-2017
• ICS: 23.120 - Ventilators. Fans. Air-conditioners
• ICS: 29.260.20 - Electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 305 - Potentially explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 305/WG 2 - Equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (provisional title)
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Completion Date: 11-Jan-2017
• Directive: 2014/34/EU - Directive 2014/34/EU Of The European Parliament And Of The Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (recast)
• Directive: 94/9/EC - Directive 94/9/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 March 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
• Mandate: M/BC/CEN/92/46 - Standardization mandate assigned to CEN/CENELEC concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
• Ref Project: SIST EN 14986:2007 - Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres

Relations

• Replaced By: EN 14986:2017 - Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Konstruktion von Ventilatoren für den Einsatz in explosionsgefährdeten BereichenConception des ventilateurs pour les atmospheres explosiblesDesign of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres23.120QDSUDYHVentilators. Fans. Air-conditioners13.230Varstvo pred eksplozijoExplosion protectionICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14986:2007SIST EN 14986:2007en,fr,de01-julij-2007SIST EN 14986:2007SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14986February 2007ICS 23.120; 29.260.20 English VersionDesign of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheresConception des ventilateurs pour les atmosphèresexplosiblesKonstruktion von Ventilatoren für den Einsatz inexplosionsgefährdeten BereichenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 January 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14986:2007: ESIST EN 14986:2007

Additional requirements for category 1 G fans.21 Annex B (informative)
Checklist for verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures24 Annex C (informative)
Examples of types of fans showing ignition minimising features.26 Annex D (normative)
List of significant hazards.31 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements
of EU Directive 94/9/EC.34 Bibliography.35
Figures Figure A.1 — Test apparatus for the flame transmission test.22 Figure C.1 — Axial fan with fixed pitch blades and ducted inlet for categories 2 and 3.26 Figure C.2 — Axial fan with variable pitch in-motion ducted inlet-box arrangement.27 Figure C.3 — Mixed flow belt driven ducted fan.28 Figure C.4 — Centrifugal fan - ducted arrangement.29 Figure C.5 — Typical fan drive belt guard details.30 Tables
Page Table 1 — Permissible material pairings for gas explosion groups IIA and IIB.11 Table 2 — Permissible material pairings for gas mixtures containing hydrogen.13 Table 3 — Minimum thickness of linings.13 Table D.1 — Identification of hazards and required countermeasures.31
(IEC 60079-0:2004) EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) ISO 12499, Industrial fans — Mechanical safety of fans — Guarding ISO 13349:1999, Industrial fans — Vocabulary and definitions of categories ISO 14694:2003, Industrial fans — Specifications for balance quality and vibration levels 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1127-1:1997, EN 12874:2001 and EN 13463-1:2001 and the following apply. 3.1 externally mounted flame arrester flame arrester with flame arrester housing and flame arrester elements directly mounted as a separate equipment on the fan 3.2 integrated flame arrester flame arrester where flame arrester housing and flame arrester elements are part of the fan 3.3 contact diameter diameter of a rotating part at the point where it can contact a stationary part 4 Requirements for all fans 4.1 General All fans within the scope of this European Standard shall comply with the requirements contained in EN 13463-1 unless otherwise stated in this European Standard. NOTE This European Standard deals only with the prevention of ignition of an explosive atmosphere by the fan. Other safety features will need to be incorporated into the construction to meet the requirements of other EU Directives. For example by incorporating the principles of EN ISO 12100 for preventing mechanical hazards, (e.g. guarding to prevent persons contacting rotating parts, sharp edges). 4.2 Ignition hazard assessment 4.2.1 General A list of hazards which can occur is given in Annex D. Where additional hazards could occur an ignition hazard assessment according to EN 13463-1 shall be carried out. SIST EN 14986:2007

For the purposes of fans made according to this European Standard failures (such as a breakdown of seals, flange gaskets or releases of substances caused by accidents) which involve repair or shut-down are not considered to be part of normal operation. 4.2.3 Expected malfunction An expected malfunction shall be considered to be a failure or fault in a fan which normally occurs in practice. In addition an expected malfunction shall be considered to occur when a fan or its components do not perform their intended functions. For the purposes of fans made according to this European Standard this can happen for a variety of reasons, including: a) variation of a property or of a dimension of the processed material or of the work piece (e.g. warping of the casing); b) disturbance to or failure of the power supply or other services; c) unnoticed long time operation with defect bearing and leading to contact between impeller and housing; d) release of the impeller by vibrations where the impeller is only pressed on the shaft. 4.2.4 Rare malfunction A rare malfunction is a type of malfunction which is known to happen but only in rare instances. Two independent expected malfunctions which, se
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