CEN/TR 14819-1:2004
(Main)Safety recommendations for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Prevention and fight against fire - Part 1: Funicular railways in tunnels
Safety recommendations for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Prevention and fight against fire - Part 1: Funicular railways in tunnels
This part of CEN/TR 14819 specifies safety recommendations applicable to the prevention and fighting of fires in funicular railways in tunnels that may endanger the health and safety of persons.
This part of CEN/TR 14819 covers the design, manufacture, construction, maintenance and operation of all funicular railways running in tunnels of length greater than 300 m or where the evacuation zones are more than 300 m apart, an evacuation zone being comparable to a station from the point of view of protecting passengers against fire risks. Tunnels with these characteristics are called "long tunnels" in the following.
For shorter tunnels, some of the same measures could be applied depending on the results of the installation safety study and taking account particularly of the number of passengers and the width of the evacuation passage.
With regard to these fire problems, it is essential to take organizational measures relating to operation, but these are not covered in this document
Sicherheitsempfehlungen für Seilbahnen für den Personenverkehr - Brandverhütung und -bekämpfung - Teil 1: Tunnelstandseilbahnen
Recommandations de sécurité pour les installations à câbles transportant des personnes - Prévention et lutte contre les incendies - Partie 1 : Funiculaires en tunnel
Varnostna priporočila za žičniške naprave za prevoz oseb – Preprečevanje in gašenje požara – 1. del: Vzpenjače v predorih
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2004
9DUQRVWQDSULSRURþLOD]DåLþQLãNHQDSUDYH]DSUHYR]RVHE±3UHSUHþHYDQMHLQ
JDãHQMHSRåDUD±GHO 9]SHQMDþHYSUHGRULK
Safety recommendations for cableway installations designed to carry persons -
Prevention and fight against fire - Part 1: Funicular railways in tunnels
Sicherheitsempfehlungen für Seilbahnen für den Personenverkehr - Brandverhütung und
-bekämpfung - Teil 1: Tunnelstandseilbahnen
Recommandations de sécurité pour les installations a câbles transportant des personnes
- Prévention et lutte contre les incendies - Partie 1 : Funiculaires en tunnel
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 14819-1:2004
ICS:
13.220.20 3RåDUQD]DãþLWD Fire protection
45.100 2SUHPD]DåLþQLFH Cableway equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 14819-1
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
September 2004
ICS 45.100; 13.220.20
English version
Safety recommendations for cableway installations designed to
carry persons - Prevention and fight against fire - Part 1:
Funicular railways in tunnels
Recommandations de sécurité pour les installations à Sicherheitsempfehlungen für Seilbahnen für den
câbles transportant des personnes - Prévention et lutte Personenverkehr - Brandverhütung und -bekämpfung - Teil
contre les incendies - Partie 1 : Funiculaires en tunnel 1: Tunnelstandseilbahnen
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 24 February 2004. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 242.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 14819-1:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction.5
1 Scope.6
2 Normative references.6
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 General recommendations.8
4.1 Application of the technical report .8
4.2 Safety principles.8
4.2.1 Hazard scenarios.8
4.2.2 Safety measures.8
5 Basic recommendations .9
6 Recommendations concerning fire prevention and firefighting in the carriers .10
6.1 Materials .10
6.2 Electrical cabinets.10
6.3 Cabling outside the electrical cabinets and lighting.10
6.4 Batteries.10
6.5 Battery chargers.11
6.6 Video equipment (camera, monitor) .11
6.7 Heating, air conditioning.11
6.8 Electrical components outside cabinets which are energized during travel (dynamos,
alternators, motors).11
6.9 Pantographs .11
6.10 Rail brake – Retarder.11
6.11 Hydraulic power plants and circuits – Pressure vessels – Refrigerants .11
6.12 Rotating parts (wheels, axles, bearings).12
6.13 Prohibition of smoking, open fires and the transportation of flammable materials.12
6.14 Extinguishers and other means of firefighting .12
6.15 Dimensioning of the carriers .12
6.16 Recovery measures in the event of a fire on board the carrier .12
6.17 Emergency exits from the carriers .13
7 Recommendations concerning fire prevention and firefighting in the tunnel.13
7.1 Tunnel materials.13
7.2 Fire – Smoke from a station.13
7.3 Rails and overhead catenaries supplying auxiliary electrical energy to the carriers.13
7.4 Lighting equipment .13
7.5 Transmission of electrical energy in the tunnel.13
7.6 Remote communication cable between carrier and control point .14
7.7 Transportation of flammable liquid inside the tunnel.14
7.8 Spaces adjacent to the tunnel (outside stations).14
7.9 Communication device .14
8 Recommendations concerning fire prevention and firefighting in stations.14
8.1 General.14
8.2 Platform materials .15
8.3 Maintenance pit beneath carriers at the platform .15
8.4 Spaces adjacent to the platforms.15
8.5 Transmission of electrical energy .15
8.6 Contacts for recharging of the carrier batteries .16
8.7 Video equipment (camera, monitor) . 16
8.8 Dispensing machines for users and other platform furniture . 16
8.9 Prohibition of smoking, open fires and the transportation of flammable materials. 16
8.10 Extinguishers. 16
8.11 Smoke detection and clearing. 16
9 Recommendations concerning fire prevention and firefighting in the machine room and
the space for the electrical power system. 16
9.1 Prevention. 16
9.2 Limitation of spread of fire. 17
10 Recommendations concerning fire prevention and firefighting in the electrical supply
spaces. 17
11 Recommendations concerning fire prevention and firefighting in the control room. 17
11.1 Civil engineering. 17
11.2 Spaces adjacent to the control point. 17
11.3 Electrical equipment. 17
11.4 Video monitors . 18
11.5 Space heating .18
11.6 Domestic utensils. 18
11.7 Furniture . 18
11.8 Putting safety devices out of service. 18
11.9 Personnel. 18
12 Lightning. 18
13 Training of personnel . 19
14 Maintenance. 19
Bibliography. 20
Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 14819-1:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 242 “Safety
requirements for passenger transportation by rope”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
CEN/TR 14819 comprises the following parts presented under the general title of Prevention and fight against
fire:
Part 1: Funicular railways in tunnels
Part 2: Other funicular railways and other installations
This document forms part of the standards programme approved by the CEN Technical Board (CEN/BT) on
safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons:
1 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Terminology
2 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - General requirements
3 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Calculations
4 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Ropes
5 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Tensioning devices
6 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Drive systems and other
mechanical equipment
7 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Carriers
8 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Electrical equipment other
than for drive systems
9 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Civil engineering works
10 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons – Pre-commissioning inspection,
maintenance and operational inspection and checks
11 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons – Recovery and evacuation
12 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Operation
13 Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Quality assurance
Together these form a series of standards regarding design, manufacture, construction, maintenance and
operation of all cableway installations designed to carry persons.
Introduction
This report has been prepared by a working group set up by TC 242 "Safety requirements for passenger
transportation by rope". It responds to a request by the European Commission and CEN and will be of use to
operators and designers of funicular railways in tunnels.
1 Scope
This part of CEN/TR 14819 specifies safety recommendations applicable to the prevention and fighting of fires
in funicular railways in tunnels that may endanger the health and safety of persons.
This part of CEN/TR 14819 covers the design, manufacture, construction, maintenance and operation of all
funicular railways running in tunnels of length greater than 300 m or where the evacuation zones are more
than 300 m apart, an evacuation zone being comparable to a station from the point of view of protecting
passengers against fire risks. Tunnels with these characteristics are called "long tunnels" in the following.
For shorter tunnels, some of the same measures could be applied depending on the results of the installation
safety study and taking account particularly of the number of passengers and the width of the evacuation
passage.
With regard to these fire problems, it is essential to take organizational measures relating to operation, but
these are not covered in this document
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies
.ENV 1907:1999, Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons – Terminology.
EN 50119, Railway applications – Fixed installations – Electric traction overhead contact lines.
EN 50122-1, Railway applications – Fixed installations – Part 1: Protective provisions relating to electrical
safety and earthing
EN 50122-1, Railway applications – Fixed installations – Part 2: Protective provisions against the effects of
stray currents caused by d.c. traction systems.
EN 50206-2, Railway applications – Rolling stock – Pantographs: Characteristics and tests – Part 2:
Pantographs for metros and light rail carriers.
EN 50264-1, Railway applications – Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance – Standard
wall - Part 1: General requirements.
EN 50290-2-27, Communication cables – Part 2-27: Common design rules and construction – Halogen free
flame retardant thermoplastic sheathing compound
prEN 13796-1, Safety requirements for cableway installations designed to carry persons – Carriers – Part 1:
Grips, carrier trucks, on-board brakes, cabins, chairs, carriages, maintenance carriers, tow-hangers.
prEN 45545-1, Railway applications – Fire protection of railway vehicles – Part 1: General.
prEN 45545-2, Railway applications – Fire protection of railway vehicles – Part 2: Fire resistance
requirements for materials and components.
prEN 45545-3, Railway applications – Fire protection of railway vehicles – Part 3: Fire resistance requirements
for fire barriers and partitions.
prEN 45545-4, Railway applications – Fire protection of railway vehicles – Part 4: Fire safety requirements for
railway rolling stock design.
prEN 45545-5, Railway applications – Fire protection of railway vehicles –- Part 5: Fire safety requirements
for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided buses and magnetic levitation carriers.
prEN 45545-6, Railway applications – Fire protection of railway vehicles –- Part 6: Fire control and
management systems.
prEN 45545-7, Railway applications – Fire protection of railway vehicles –- Part 7: Fire safety requirements for
flammable liquid and flammable gas installations.
prEN 50163, Railway applications – Supply voltages of traction systems.
EN ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety – Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000).
IEC 60331-11, Tests for electric cables under fire conditions – Circuit integrity – Part 11: Apparatus – Fire
alone at a flame temperature of at least 750 °C.
IEC 60331-21, Tests for electric cables under fire conditions – Circuit integrity – Part 21: Procedures and
requirements – Cables of rated voltage up to and including 0, 6/1, 0 kV.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ENV 1907:1999, EN ISO 13943:2000
and the following apply:
3.1
control point
operator's position in the control room of the drive station where all the types of travel may be monitored
3.2
fire resistance
ability of an object to maintain for a specified period the required fire stability, fire integrity, thermal insulation
and/or any other required function specified in a standardized fire resistance test
NOTE The qualifier "fire resistant" only applies to this ability.
3.3
reaction to fire
behaviour of a material that, as a result of its own decomposition, feeds a fire to which it is exposed under
specified conditions
3.4
fire stability criterion "R"
criterion determining the ability of an element or a structure to withstand specified loads and/or actions during
the appropriate fire resistance test
3.5
fire barrier, fire integrity criterion "E"
criterion determining the ability of a separating element to prevent the passage of flames and hot gases
3.6
thermal insulation, fire break criterion "I"
criterion determining the ability of a separating element to prevent the passage of heat during a fire resistance
test
3.7
REI time, EI time
minimum time for which the criteria are met (examples REI 60, EI 30)
4 General recommendations
4.1 Application of the technical report
The recommendations in this part of the document apply to all funicular railways In tunnels intended for
persons.
4.2 Safety principles
The safety principles formulated in prEN 12929-1 apply.
In addition, the hazard scenarios and safety measures relating to the scope of this document are to be taken
into account.
4.2.1 Hazard scenarios
The following events may bring about hazardous situations that may be avoided or limited by the
recommendations in this document:
fire in a carrier;
fire in the tunnel;
fire in a station, particularly in a machinery space, an electrical power supply space or a control point;
fire outside the installation;
lack or inadequacy of evacuation routes in the station;
inappropriate behaviour by persons.
NOTE If there is a fire in a funicular railway tunnel, the existence of the following aggravating elements should be
taken into account:
chimney effect of the tunnel. Also, because of the pressure differences, smoke does not always travel in the
same direction.
depending on the situation of the installation, the external emergency services may require time to arrive on site.
In the majority of cases, they may only be able to operate at the ends of the tunnel;
passengers who have left a carrier that has stopped can only evacuate the tunnel by a pathway of limited width
alongside the track;
the logic of the safety functions generally leads to an immediate stoppage of the installation or carrier if a fault is
detected.
4.2.2 Safety measures
Safety measures should be taken to eliminate the hazard scenarios listed in 4.2.1 and to ensure that the
funicular railway passengers or persons on the platforms avoid being injured by fire or choked by smoke. The
measures listed in this document are design and operational measures intended to:
avoid a fire resulting in damage to the installation;
minimize the thermal loads in the installation;
limit the damaging effects of a fire on the major safety components by timely detection, alarm and
firefighting;
define adequate characteristics (in particular, reaction to fire and fire resistance) of the major safety
components taking into account thermal stressing in the event of a fire in the installation;
provide a fire resistant separation between adjoining areas for an adequate period of time;
install adequate escape routes in stations;
provide personnel and passengers with suitable instructions;
ensure personnel are competent in matters relating to fire prevention and firefighting.
5 Basic recommendations
5.1 Measures should be taken:
to prevent or hinder the initiation of a fire and its spread;
to prevent a carrier in which a fire has been started from leaving the station.
If a fire starts in a carrier,
the priority is to allow the carrier to reach the next station or evacuation zone whilst avoiding a
concentration of smoke on board;
in certain cases, evacuation on foot remains possible as long as technical and organizational measures
have been taken.
It should also be possible to protect and evacuate persons in the station.
5.2 It is necessary for the installation safety analysis to take into account the risk of fire and to indicate in what
way the safety recommendations of this document shall be met.
5.3 In order to allow the recovery of the carriers in the event of a fire, care should be taken in particular to
keep the following units able to function:
carriers;
ropes and end fixings;
tensioning devices;
drive wheel, particularly the lining of the drive wheel;
drive systems and brakes;
electrotechnical devices (power supply, control, communication, monitoring devices);
civil engineering of the tunnel and stations;
evacuation routes from the stations;
communication devices between the passengers, conductor, control point.
5.4 Whatever the technical measures taken, and in particular, those contained in this part of the document,
the haul ropes will be the subject of permanent attention in the event of a fire. Care should also be taken to
ensure that any construction elements falling under the effect of a fire cannot damage the ropes during the
time required for recovery.
6 Recommendations concerning fire prevention and firefighting in the carriers
6.1 Materials
It is recommended that the materials meet the requirements of the relevant parts of prEN 45545 or, whilst
awaiting their publication, of national standards covering the same subject.
6.2 Electrical cabinets
It is recommended that:
either the electrical conductors and components should meet the requirements of prEN 45545-5 and be
fitted with electrical overload protection devices;
or automatic detection and extinguishing devices should be installed in the cabinets. These devices
should be capable of being triggered manually.
In principle, the electrical cabinets should not contain any hydraulic devices. However, if this is necessary, it
is mandatory to have an automatic detection and extinguishing device in the cabinet.
It is recommended that only metallic electrical cabinets with devices that can only be opened by the personnel
should be used. With regard to protecting the cabinets against heat or fire from an external source, it is
recommended that they should meet the requirements of prEN 45545-3 and prEN 45545-5.
6.3 Cabling outside the electrical cabinets and lighting
It is recommended that the cabling should meet the requirements of prEN 45545-4 and EN 50264-1 and be
protected by electrical overload protection devices.
It is recommended that the cables should be run in metallic ducts.
Crossings between the routes of electric cables and hydraulic piping should be avoided as far as possible.
It is recommended that lighting devices should meet the requirements of the specific standards applicable to
guided transport systems for carrying persons.
6.4 Batteries
If batteries with electrolyte are used, it is recommended that the latter be in the form of a gel in order to limit
the risk of explosion.
To avoid the carrier stopping as a result of a supply fault in a safety cabinet, it is recommended that each
block of batteries should have its own electrical protection (for example, fuse) and that, if there are several
blocks, they should be physically separated. The blocks of batteries should also either be separated in a
leaktight manner from the passenger compartments or be placed in trays that are adequately ventilated to
avoid a discharge of gas into the passenger compartment of the carriers. The integrity should be classified as
REI 15.
6.5 Battery chargers
It is recommended that the chargers should be separated in a leaktight manner from the passenger
compartments, or in an adequately ventilated space avoiding any discharge of fumes into the passenger
compartment. The integrity should then be classified as REI 15.
The installation of a temperature rise detector is recommended.
6.6 Video equipment (camera, monitor)
It is recommended that the voltage of the equipment should be less than 50 V and that the standards relating
to this equipment should be applied.
It is recommended that cathode ray tubes should not be allowed.
6.7 Heating, air conditioning
It is recommended that this should conform to prEN 45545-5 and that the impossibility of placing any object on
the heating/air conditioning device should be demonstrated.
6.8 Electrical components outside cabinets which are energized during travel (dynamos,
alternators, motors)
It is recommended that these components should be protected (principally by thermal relays).
It is recommended that these components should be separated physically from flammable elements and from
safety electrical cabinets whilst avoiding any discharge of smoke into the passenger compartment.
In the absence of a safety analysis proving that there is no fire risk to the carrier, it is recommended that a
temperature rise detector should be installed near these components.
6.9 Pantographs
It is recommended that prEN 45545-5 and the relevant requirements on metros and light rail carriers in
EN 50206-2 should be applied.
6.10 Rail brake – Retarder
It is recommended that the engaged position of a brake jaw or of the retarder should automatically result in the
stopping of the installation via a safety circuit.
6.11 Hydraulic power plants and circuits – Pressure vessels – Refrigerants
It is recommended:
that the quantity of oil on board should be as small as possible. It is recommended that oils with the
highest flash point compatible with their use should be used and that the
...
Frequently Asked Questions
CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 is a technical report published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Safety recommendations for cableway installations designed to carry persons - Prevention and fight against fire - Part 1: Funicular railways in tunnels". This standard covers: This part of CEN/TR 14819 specifies safety recommendations applicable to the prevention and fighting of fires in funicular railways in tunnels that may endanger the health and safety of persons. This part of CEN/TR 14819 covers the design, manufacture, construction, maintenance and operation of all funicular railways running in tunnels of length greater than 300 m or where the evacuation zones are more than 300 m apart, an evacuation zone being comparable to a station from the point of view of protecting passengers against fire risks. Tunnels with these characteristics are called "long tunnels" in the following. For shorter tunnels, some of the same measures could be applied depending on the results of the installation safety study and taking account particularly of the number of passengers and the width of the evacuation passage. With regard to these fire problems, it is essential to take organizational measures relating to operation, but these are not covered in this document
This part of CEN/TR 14819 specifies safety recommendations applicable to the prevention and fighting of fires in funicular railways in tunnels that may endanger the health and safety of persons. This part of CEN/TR 14819 covers the design, manufacture, construction, maintenance and operation of all funicular railways running in tunnels of length greater than 300 m or where the evacuation zones are more than 300 m apart, an evacuation zone being comparable to a station from the point of view of protecting passengers against fire risks. Tunnels with these characteristics are called "long tunnels" in the following. For shorter tunnels, some of the same measures could be applied depending on the results of the installation safety study and taking account particularly of the number of passengers and the width of the evacuation passage. With regard to these fire problems, it is essential to take organizational measures relating to operation, but these are not covered in this document
CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.220.20 - Fire protection; 45.100 - Cableway equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 17064:2018. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 00/9/EC, 2000/9/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/300. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 문서는 개인 운송을 위한 케이블웨이 설치의 안전성 권고사항 중 하나로, 터널 내에서의 화재 예방 및 대응에 대한 지침을 제공합니다. 이 표준의 범위는 300m 이상의 길이를 가진 장거리 터널 내에서 운영되는 푸니쿨라의 설계, 제작, 건설, 유지보수 및 운용을 포괄하며, 화재 위험으로부터 승객을 보호하기 위한 대피 구역의 중요성을 강조합니다. 특히, 이 문서는 대피 구역이 서로 300m 이상 떨어져 있는 경우를 다루며, 이에 따라 대피 구역은 승객 보호의 측면에서 역과 유사한 기능을 수행해야 합니다. 이러한 안전 권고사항은 긴 터널의 경우에 더욱 중요하게 적용되며, 짧은 터널에서도 설치 안전 연구의 결과에 따라 일부 조치를 취할 수 있는 여지를 제공하고 있습니다. CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 표준의 강점은 화재 문제와 관련하여 운영에 관한 조직적 조치를 포함해야 한다는 점을 명확히 하면서도, 이러한 내용이 문서의 범위에 포함되지 않는다는 점을 분명히 하고 있습니다. 이는 안전성을 높이는 데 기여할 수 있는 운영상의 최적화 방안을 별도로 고려해야 한다는 점에서 실질적인 의미를 지닙니다. 결과적으로, CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 문서는 푸니쿨라와 같은 케이블웨이 설치의 화재 예방 및 대응 전략에 대한 명확한 방향성을 제시함으로써, 승객의 안전을 보장하는 데 있어 필수적인 참고 문서로 자리매김하고 있습니다.
The standard CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 provides comprehensive safety recommendations specifically aimed at the prevention and management of fire risks in funicular railways that operate within tunnels. Its primary scope is to enhance the health and safety of passengers who may be exposed to fire hazards during transit. This is particularly relevant as funicular railways become increasingly popular in urban and mountainous regions, necessitating robust safety protocols due to the confined spaces of long tunnels. One of the standout strengths of this document is its clear focus on funicular railways in tunnels exceeding 300 meters in length, where evacuation zones are also more than 300 meters apart. By establishing these parameters, the standard effectively identifies situations that warrant heightened safety measures, thereby ensuring that specific risks associated with long tunnels are meticulously addressed. The recommendations provided are designed to cover all aspects of safety-from the initial design and manufacture to the construction, maintenance, and operational phases of funicular railways, thus providing a holistic approach to fire safety management. Moreover, the flexibility of the standard allows for the application of certain safety measures in shorter tunnels, depending on a thorough safety study of the installation. This adaptability is vital, as it acknowledges variations in passenger volume and the size of evacuation passages. Such considerations ensure that safety protocols remain proportionate to the risks encountered and are particularly relevant in evolving safety landscapes where new technologies and passenger dynamics may emerge. While it is important to note that organizational measures regarding operational protocols are not included within the scope of this document, the emphasis on design and infrastructure ensures that fundamental safety systems are firmly in place prior to operations commencing. This structured framework dedicated to fire prevention and response is crucial for minimizing risks and protecting passenger welfare in funicular railway systems. In summary, CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 serves as a vital reference point for stakeholders involved in the safety and operation of funicular railways within tunnels, detailing key recommendations that bolster fire risk management and enhance passenger safety in these unique environments. The relevance of this standard cannot be overstated, as it aligns with the fundamental objective of safeguarding human life in transportation systems characterized by confined spaces.
Die Norm CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 befasst sich umfassend mit den Sicherheitsempfehlungen zur Verhinderung und Bekämpfung von Bränden in Standseilbahnen, die in Tunneln betrieben werden. Der Geltungsbereich dieser Dokumentation ist klar umrissen und richtet sich speziell an längere Tunnel mit einer Länge von mehr als 300 Metern oder wenn die Evakuierungszonen mehr als 300 Meter voneinander entfernt sind. Dies ist besonders relevant für Betreiber von funicular railways, da in diesen speziellen Umgebungen die Gefahren durch Feuer erheblich zunehmen können. Eine der wesentlichen Stärken dieser Norm liegt in ihrem Fokus auf das Design, die Herstellung, den Bau, die Wartung und den Betrieb von Standseilbahnen in solchen Tunnelstrukturen. Dank der präzisen Vorgaben wird nicht nur die Sicherheit der Fahrgäste in potenziell gefährlichen Situationen erhöht, sondern auch den Betreibern wertvolle Hinweise zur Minimierung von Brandrisiken gegeben. Die Empfehlung zur Berücksichtigung des Ergebnisses der Sicherheitsstudie der Installation für kürzere Tunnel zeigt die Flexibilität und Anpassungsfähigkeit der Norm an verschiedene Szenarien und Anforderungen. Darüber hinaus wird in dieser Norm die Notwendigkeit organisatorischer Maßnahmen im Betrieb angesprochen, auch wenn diese nicht im Detail behandelt werden. Dies unterstreicht die ganzheitliche Herangehensweise der Dokumentation, die über rein technische Maßnahmen hinausgeht und das Management von Brandrisiken in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Insgesamt ist CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 eine unverzichtbare Norm für die Sicherheit von Personenbeförderungsanlagen in Tunneln. Ihre klaren und spezifischen Empfehlungen fördern nicht nur die Sicherheit der Passagiere, sondern stärken auch das Vertrauen in die Betreibersicherheit und -effizienz. Die Relevanz dieser Norm wird durch die Zunahme von Personenbeförderungen in Tunnelanlagen weiter gestärkt, was sie zu einem zeitgemäßen und wichtigen Bezugspunkt macht.
CEN/TR 14819-1:2004は、トンネル内での人を運ぶために設計されたケーブルカー設置に関する安全推奨に特化した規格です。この文書の範囲は、300メートル以上の長さを持つトンネル内のファニキュラー鉄道における火災の予防および消火に関する安全推奨を明確に規定しています。具体的には、乗客の健康と安全を脅かす恐れがある火災リスクに対して、適切な設計、製造、建設、保守、運用の基準を提供しています。 この基準の強みは、長トンネルの特徴に応じた具体的な対策を取り入れている点にあります。特に、300メートル以上の距離の避難ゾーンを考慮した設計は、避難における安全性を向上させます。また、短いトンネルにおいても、設置安全性の研究に基づいて一部の対策が適用可能であり、乗客数や避難通路の幅に応じた柔軟なアプローチが取られています。 さらに、火災に関する問題に対しては、運用に関する組織的な措置が必要であることが強調されていますが、それに関してはこの文書の範囲外としています。このことにより、標準は実際の運用状況に応じた追加的な措置を講じる余地を残しているため、より効果的な安全対策が期待できます。 CEN/TR 14819-1:2004は、ファニキュラー鉄道の火災リスクに対する規範的な指針として、非常に重要であり、業界関係者にとって必携の文書です。この標準により、長トンネル内のケーブルカー設置における安全性が高まり、乗客の安全が一層確保されることでしょう。
Le document SIST CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 présente des recommandations de sécurité essentielles pour la prévention et la lutte contre les incendies dans les installations de funiculaires en tunnel. Il se concentre spécifiquement sur les funiculaires fonctionnant dans des tunnels dont la longueur dépasse 300 mètres ou dans lesquels les zones d'évacuation sont éloignées de plus de 300 mètres. Ce cadre est crucial, car il vise à protéger la santé et la sécurité des personnes en situation de danger lié aux incendies. Les points forts de ce standard incluent sa portée bien définie, abordant spécifiquement la conception, la fabrication, la construction, la maintenance et l'exploitation des funiculaires en tunnels. En fournissant des recommandations adaptées aux tunnels longs, le CEN/TR 14819-1 garantit que les installations respectent les normes de sécurité requises pour des opérations sûres. De plus, il propose une approche pragmatique pour les tunnels plus courts, permettant une certaine flexibilité en fonction des études de sécurité réalisées sur l'installation. La pertinence de ce standard ne saurait être sous-estimée dans le contexte actuel des préoccupations en matière de sécurité des transports publics. La prise en compte des risques d'incendie dans de telles infrastructures est essentielle et le document aborde la nécessité d'appliquer des mesures organisationnelles, bien que celles-ci ne soient pas couvertes dans le cadre de ce standard. Ainsi, le CEN/TR 14819-1:2004 se positionne comme un référentiel incontournable pour garantir la sécurité des passagers dans les funiculaires en tunnel, notamment face aux risques d'incendie.
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