SIST EN 16811-1:2016
(Main)Winter service equipment - De-icing agents - Part 1: Sodium chloride - Requirements and test methods
Winter service equipment - De-icing agents - Part 1: Sodium chloride - Requirements and test methods
This European standard specifies the essential requirements of sodium chloride (salt) for spreading on roads for winter maintenance and includes tests of these requirements. The requirements are specified for salt in crystallized form and for salt in solution (brine), which is delivered to the customer.
Winterdienstausrüstung - Enteisungsmittel - Teil 1: Natriumchlorid - Anforderungen und Prüfmethoden
Diese Europäische Norm legt die wesentlichen Anforderungen an Natriumchlorid (Salz) zum Streuen auf Straßen beim Winterdienst fest und umfasst Prüfungen dieser Anforderungen. Die Anforderungen sind für Salz in kristalliner Form und für Salz in gelöster Form (Sole) festgelegt, das an den Kunden geliefert wird.
Matériels de viabilité hivernale - Fondants routiers - Partie 1 : Chlorure de sodium - Exigences et méthodes d'essai
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences essentielles du chlorure de sodium (sel) destiné à l'épandage sur les routes en période hivernale, et inclut les essais relatifs à ces exigences. Les exigences spécifiées s'appliquent au sel sous forme cristallisée et au sel en solution (saumure), livrés au client.
Oprema za zimska vzdrževalna dela - Sredstva za odtajanje - 1. del: Natrijev klorid - Zahteve in preskusne metode
Ta evropski standard določa osnovne zahteve glede natrijevega klorida (soli) za nanos na ceste v okviru zimskega vzdrževanja in vključuje preskuse takšnih zahtev. Zahteve so določene za sol v kristalizirani obliki in sol v raztopini (slanica), ki je dobavljena stranki.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 16811-1:2016
01-oktober-2016
Oprema za zimska vzdrževalna dela - Sredstva za odtajanje - 1. del: Natrijev klorid -
Zahteve in preskusne metode
Winter service equipment - De-icing agents - Part 1: Sodium chloride - Requirements
and test methods
Winterdienstausrüstung - Enteisungsmittel - Teil 1: Natriumchlorid - Anforderungen und
Prüfmethoden
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16811-1:2016
ICS:
13.030.40 Naprave in oprema za Installations and equipment
odstranjevanje in obdelavo for waste disposal and
odpadkov treatment
71.100.45 Hladiva in antifrizi Refrigerants and antifreezes
SIST EN 16811-1:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.030.40; 71.100.45
English Version
Winter service equipment and products - De-icing agents -
Part 1: Sodium chloride - Requirements and test methods
Matériels de viabilité hivernale - Fondants routiers - Winterdienstausrüstung - Enteisungsmittel - Teil 1:
Partie 1 : Chlorure de sodium - Exigences et méthodes Natriumchlorid - Anforderungen und Prüfmethoden
d'essai
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 April 2016.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16811-1:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Requirements for sodium chloride. 7
4.1 Chemical Requirements . 7
4.2 Moisture. 7
4.3 Sieve analysis . 8
4.4 General requirements . 8
4.5 Marking and product description . 9
5 Requirements for brine . 10
5.1 Chemical Requirements . 10
5.2 General requirements . 10
5.3 Marking and product description . 11
6 Sampling . 12
7 Test methods . 12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 NaCl . 12
7.2.1 General . 12
7.2.2 Direct method . 12
7.2.3 Indirect method . 12
7.3 Sulfate . 12
7.4 Moisture. 12
7.5 Sieve analysis . 13
7.6 Anti-caking agent . 13
7.7 Heavy metals, etc . 13
7.8 Hydrocarbons . 13
7.9 TOC (total organic carbon) . 13
7.10 pH . 13
7.11 Water insoluble matter . 13
7.12 Bulk density . 13
7.13 Density . 13
Annex A (normative) Product descriptions . 14
A.1 Product description for sodium chloride . 14
A.2 Product description for brine . 17
Annex B (normative) Sampling . 19
B.1 Solid sodium chloride . 19
B.1.1 Package shipments . 19
B.1.2 Bulk shipments . 19
B.2 Brine . 19
B.3 Labelling and distribution of samples . 19
B.4 Sampling report . 19
2
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EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
Annex C (normative) Analytical methods . 21
C.1 Determination of sodium chloride (potentiometric method) . 21
C.1.1 Scope and field of application . 21
C.1.2 Principle . 21
C.1.3 Reagents . 21
C.1.4 Apparatus . 22
C.1.5 Sampling and samples . 22
C.1.6 Procedure . 22
C.1.7 Expression of results . 23
C.2 Determination of aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper,
lead, magnesium, nickel, sulfate, zinc (inductively coupled plasma optical emission
spectrometry (ICP/OES)) . 24
C.2.1 General . 24
C.2.2 Principle . 25
C.2.3 Reagents . 25
C.2.4 Apparatus (informative) . 25
C.2.5 Sampling and samples . 26
C.2.6 Procedure . 26
C.2.7 Expression of results . 29
C.2.8 Remarks . 32
C.3 Determination of total mercury (cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry) . 32
C.3.1 General . 32
C.3.2 Principle . 33
C.3.3 Reagents . 33
C.3.4 Apparatus (informative) . 34
C.3.5 Procedure . 35
C.3.6 Expression of results . 36
C.4 Determination of anti-caking agent (molecular absorption spectrometry) . 38
C.4.1 General . 38
C.4.2 Principle . 39
C.4.3 Reagents . 39
C.4.4 Apparatus . 39
C.4.5 Sampling and samples . 40
C.4.6 Procedure . 40
C.4.7 Expression of results . 41
Bibliography . 43
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 16811-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 337 “Road
operation equipment and products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2017, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
EN 16811, Winter service equipment and products — De-icing agents, is currently composed with the
following parts:
— Part 1: Sodium chloride — Requirements and test methods;
— Part 2: Calcium chloride and Magnesium chloride — Requirements and test methods;
— Part 3: Other solid and liquid de-icing agents — Requirements and test methods [CEN/TS].
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
Introduction
De-icing agents are important for the winter maintenance of roads. They can prevent and, in addition to
it, eliminate slippery conditions.
The standard describes the requirements for de-icing salt and their testing methods. The requirements
are different for using, storage and type of distribution (spreading and spraying). These need different
properties.
The aim of this standard is an easy description of the product specifications for tenders and other
purchasing procedures.
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the essential requirements of sodium chloride (salt) for spreading on
roads for winter maintenance and includes tests of these requirements. The requirements are specified
for salt in crystallized form and for salt in solution (brine), which is delivered to the customer.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 932-1, Tests for general properties of aggregates — Part 1: Methods for sampling
EN 1235, Solid fertilizers — Test sieving (ISO 8397:1988 modified)
EN 1236, Fertilizers — Determination of bulk density (loose) (ISO 3944:1992 modified)
EN 1484, Water analysis — Guidelines for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved
organic carbon (DOC)
EN 15144, Winter maintenance equipment — Terminology — Terms for winter maintenance
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods (ISO 3696)
EN ISO 9377-2, Water quality — Determination of hydrocarbon oil index — Part 2: Method using solvent
extraction and gas chromatography (ISO 9377-2)
EN ISO 10523, Water quality — Determination of pH (ISO 10523)
ISO 565, Test sieves — Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet — Nominal sizes
of openings
ISO 649-2, Laboratory glassware — Density hydrometers for general purposes — Part 2: Test methods
and use
ISO 758, Liquid chemical products for industrial use — Determination of density at 20 degrees C
ISO 2479, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of matter insoluble in water or in acid and
preparation of principal solutions for other determinations
ISO 2480, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of sulphate content — Barium sulphate
gravimetric method
ISO 2482, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of calcium and magnesium contents —
EDTA complexometric methods
ISO 2483, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of the loss of mass at 110 degrees C
ISO 2591-1, Test sieving — Part 1: Methods using test sieves of woven wire cloth and perforated metal
plate
ISO 6227, Chemical products for industrial use — General method for determination of chloride ions —
Potentiometric method
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15144 and the following apply.
3.1
sodium chloride
salt
NaCl,
substance which is produced as rock salt, as solar salt and as vacuum salt
Note 1 to entry: Rock salt is extracted by mechanical mining of natural salt beds. Solar salt is produced by solar
evaporation of sea water or brine from salt deposits and by extraction from salt lakes. Solar salt from sea water is
named as sea salt. Vacuum salt is prepared by the evaporation of water from brine. Used salt (waste salt) comes
from secondary aluminium smelters, from fishery industry, from leather industry, etc. REACH [4] registered
synthetic by-product salts derive from chemical reactions (e.g. from gas cleaning in waste incinerators).
3.2
brine
solution of sodium chloride in water
Note 1 to entry: Brine is available as natural brine from underground deposits and from solar salt/sea salt
production, and as solution of rock salt, solar salt/sea salt or vacuum salt in water. Further sources are used salts
and by-product salts.
4 Requirements for sodium chloride
4.1 Chemical Requirements
The sodium chloride shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1:
Table 1 — Chemical requirements for sodium chloride
Parameter Limit
Weight %
NaCl a
min. 90
a
Sulfate
max. 3
NOTE 1 NaCl is determined as total chloride content and expressed as NaCl (weight % in the dry product).
NOTE 2 Sulfate is determined as water soluble sulfate and expressed as SO (weight % in the dry product).
4
a
The NaCI and sulfate content of salt can be specified within these limits by the purchaser depending on his individual
needs. It can also be specified within these limits at the national level (National Annexes to this European Standard).
4.2 Moisture
The sodium chloride shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2.
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
Table 2 — Moisture limits for sodium chloride
Limit
Weight %
Dry salt Semi-dry salt Wet salt
Moisture max. 0,6 max. 2,0 max. 6,0
For storage in silos dry salt is recommended.
For rock salt a minimum moisture content of 0,2 weight % is recommended (to avoid dust
during stocking and salt usage).
NOTE 1 For undried vacuum salt the limit is max. 3,5 weight %.
NOTE 2 The moisture contents are expressed as H2O in the delivered undried salts.
4.3 Sieve analysis
The sodium chloride shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 3.
Table 3 — Sieve analysis for sodium chloride
Weight % passing test sieve
Grade EF Grade F Grade M Grade C
(extra fine salt) (fine salt) (medium salt) (coarse salt)
0,125 mm max. 5 0,125 mm max. 5 0,125 mm max. 7 0,8 mm max. 35
0,8 mm 25 to 100 0,8 mm 10 to 40 0,8 mm 5 to 35 3,15 mm 30 to 80
2,0 mm 100 (2 weight 1,6 mm 30 to 80 1,6 mm 10 to 60 6,3 mm 75 to 95
% production related
3,15 mm 90 to 100 3,15 mm 45 to 90 10 mm 100 (2 weight
tolerance with max.
% production related
5,0 mm 100 (2 weight 6,3 mm 100 (2 weight
3 mm grain size)
tolerance with max.
% production related % production related
12 mm grain size)
tolerance with max. tolerance with max.
8 mm grain size) 8 mm grain size)
4.4 General requirements
The sodium chloride shall arrive at purchaser’s delivery point in a free-flowing and usable condition
and shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 4.
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Table 4 — General requirements for sodium chloride
Parameter Limit Unit
Anti-caking agent (sodium-, min. 3 to max. 125 (expressed mg/kg
potassium-, or calcium as Fe(CN) -anion)
6
ferrocyanide)
pH of 10 weight % solution between 5 and 10
Al (Aluminium) ≤ 50 mg/kg
As (Arsenic) ≤ 2,5 mg/kg
Cd (Cadmium) ≤ 2 mg/kg
Co (Cobalt) ≤ 2 mg/kg
Cr (Chromium) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Cu (Copper) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Hg (Mercury) ≤ 0,5 mg/kg
Ni (Nickel) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Pb (Lead) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Zn (Zinc) ≤ 20 mg/kg
Hydrocarbons ≤ 100 mg/kg
NOTE 1 Other anti-caking agents are allowed if they have the same performance as the ferrocyanides.
NOTE 2 The limits for Al (Aluminium) and hydrocarbons are foreseen for by-product salts and waste salts. There is
no need to determine these parameters in natural based salts (rock salt, solar salt, vacuum salt).
NOTE 3 The determination of heavy metals is performed in a solution with pH 4 (except mercury).
NOTE 4 The parameters stated as mg/kg of dry product.
For salt which is not of natural origin the supplier shall supply the content of total organic carbon (TOC)
for the evaluation of the environmental impact.
4.5 Marking and product description
The sodium chloride shall be delivered in bulk lots, or in bags or other containers acceptable to the
purchaser. The following information shall be marked on the salt packaging or on associated
documents:
a) the name and address of the producer or supplier;
b) the words “Salt for winter maintenance”;
c) sieve analysis grade (extra fine, fine, medium or coarse salt);
d) moisture class (dry, semi-dry or wet salt);
e) the origin of salt (rock salt, solar salt/sea salt, vacuum salt, used salt or by-product salt);
f) the net weight;
g) the number of this European Standard.
In tendering processes the offers shall include a product description which is dated not longer than
12 months before the date of the offer. The supplier shall supply the bulk density (loose) for
information purposes (see A.1).
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
All information shall be given in the languages of the countries of destination.
5 Requirements for brine
5.1 Chemical Requirements
The brine shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 5.
Table 5 — Chemical requirements for brine
Limit
Parameter
Weight %
NaCl 18 to 26
Sulfate a
max. 0,6
Water insoluble matter b
max. 0,03
The concentration of brine shall be specified by the purchaser. Typical concentrations vary
from 18 weight % to 26 weight %.
NOTE 1 NaCl is determined as total chloride content and expressed as NaCl.
NOTE 2 Sulfate expressed as SO4 and measured in a 10 weight % brine.
a
For sulfate a lower limit can be defined at the national level.
b
10 l of brine shall pass a test sieve (size 0,5 mm) without water insoluble residues after washing with water on
the sieve.
5.2 General requirements
The brine shall conform to the requirements in Table 6.
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EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
Table 6 — General requirements for brine
Parameter Limit Unit
pH of 10 weight % between 5 and 10
solution
Al (Aluminium) ≤ 50 mg/kg
As (Arsenic) ≤ 2,5 mg/kg
Cd (Cadmium) ≤ 2 mg/kg
Co (Cobalt) ≤ 2 mg/kg
Cr (Chromium) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Cu (Copper) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Hg (Mercury) ≤ 0,5 mg/kg
Ni (Nickel) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Pb (Lead) ≤ 5 mg/kg
Zinc (Zn) ≤ 20 mg/kg
Hydrocarbons ≤ 100 mg/kg
NOTE 1 The limits for Al (Aluminium) and hydrocarbons are foreseen for brine which is not of natural origin.
There is no need to determine these parameters in brines which are based on natural salts (rock salt, solar salt,
vacuum salt).
NOTE 2 The determination of heavy metals is performed in brine with pH 4 (except mercury).
NOTE 3 The parameters stated as mg/kg of dry product.
For brine which is derived from chemical reactions or made from used salts and by-products salts the
supplier shall supply the content of total organic carbon (TOC) for the evaluation of the environmental
impact.
5.3 Marking and product description
The brine shall be delivered in containers acceptable to the purchaser. The following information shall
be marked on delivery documents:
a) the name and address of the producer or supplier;
b) the words “Brine for winter maintenance”;
c) the NaCl concentration (weight %);
d) the net weight;
e) the number of this European Standard.
In tendering processes the offers shall include a product description which is dated not longer than
12 months before the date of the offer. The supplier shall supply the density (20 °C) for information
purposes (see A.2).
All information shall be given in the languages of the countries of destination.
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SIST EN 16811-1:2016
EN 16811-1:2016 (E)
6 Sampling
The sampling of solid and liquid forms of sodium chloride shall be according the procedures described
in Annex B.
7 Test methods
7.1 General
The test for compliance with the requirements shall be in accordance with the following methods or in
accordance with validated methods.
7.2 NaCl
7.2.1 General
The determination of the NaCl content in commercial salts can be carried out either by the direct
method or by the indirect method:
7.2.2 Direct method
The NaCl shall be determined by potentiometric titration in accordance with the analytical method
given in C.1. It is possible to carry out this determination without an automatic titrator.
7.2.3 Indirect method
This method allows the calculation of sodium chloride conte
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