SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
(Main)Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors (IEC 60445:2021)
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors (IEC 60445:2021)
This document applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment
such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever
applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and it also applies to the
identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules for
the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of
avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours and alphanumeric
notations are intended to be applied on cores, busbars, and electrical equipment, and in cables
or installations.
This basic safety publication focusing on safety essential requirements is primarily intended for
use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles
laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies. One of the responsibilities of
a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in the
preparation of its publications. The requirements of this basic safety publication will not apply
unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
Grund- und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine- Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung von Anschlüssen elektrischer Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern (IEC 60445:2021)
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces hommes-machines, le marquage et lidentification - Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de conducteurs et des conducteurs (IEC 60445:2021)
IEC 60445:2021 est disponible sous forme de IEC 60445:2021 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.
L'IEC 60445:2021 s’applique à l’identification et au marquage des bornes de matériels électriques, tels que résistances, coupe-circuits à fusibles, relais, contacteurs, transformateurs, machines tournantes et, chaque fois que cela est possible, à des combinaisons de tels matériels (par exemple des ensembles). Il s’applique également à l’identification des extrémités de certains conducteurs désignés. Il prévoit également des règles générales concernant l’utilisation de certaines couleurs ou de certains caractères alphanumériques pour identifier les conducteurs dans le but d’éviter toute ambiguïté et d’assurer la sécurité de fonctionnement. Ces couleurs et caractères alphanumériques destinés aux conducteurs sont prévus pour être appliqués aux noyaux, aux barres omnibus et aux matériels électriques, ainsi qu’aux câbles ou installations. La présente publication fondamentale de sécurité axée sur les exigences de sécurité essentielles est principalement destinée à être utilisée par les comités d’études lors de l’élaboration des normes conformément aux principes énoncés dans le Guide 104 de l’IEC et le Guide ISO/IEC 51.
L'IEC 60445:2021 annule et remplace la sixième édition parue en 2017. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
a) les définitions ont été harmonisées avec l’IEC 60050-195:2021 et l’IEC 60050-826;
b) les dispositions relatives aux couleurs à utiliser pour l’identification de certains conducteurs désignés sont à présent des exigences et ne sont plus de simples recommandations;
c) introduction d’un nouveau paragraphe sur le marquage des bornes de protection pour des entrées d’alimentation multiples sur un matériel.
Osnovna in varnostna načela za vmesnik človek-stroj, označevanje in razpoznavanje - Razpoznavanje terminalov opreme, končnikov vodnikov in vodnikov (IEC 60445:2021)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
01-november-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 60445:2018
Osnovna in varnostna načela za vmesnik človek-stroj, označevanje in
razpoznavanje - Razpoznavanje terminalov opreme, končnikov vodnikov in
vodnikov (IEC 60445:2021)
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification -
Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors (IEC
60445:2021)
Grund- und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine- Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung
von Anschlüssen elektrischer Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
(IEC 60445:2021)
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces hommes-machines, le
marquage et lidentification - Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de
conducteurs et des conducteurs (IEC 60445:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 60445:2021
ICS:
01.080.20 Grafični simboli za posebno Graphical symbols for use on
opremo specific equipment
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
SIST EN IEC 60445:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
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SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 60445
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2021
ICS 01.080.20; 13.110; 29.020 Supersedes EN 60445:2017 and all of its amendments
and corrigenda (if any)
English Version
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking
and identification - Identification of equipment terminals,
conductor terminations and conductors
(IEC 60445:2021)
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces Grund- und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine-
hommes-machines, le marquage et l¿identification - Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung von Anschlüssen elektrischer
Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
conducteurs et des conducteurs (IEC 60445:2021)
(IEC 60445:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2021-08-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 60445:2021 E
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SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
EN IEC 60445:2021 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 3/1491/FDIS, future edition 7 of IEC 60445, prepared by IEC/TC 3
“Documentation, graphical symbols and representations of technical information” was submitted to the
IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 60445:2021.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2022–05–20
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2024–08–20
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60445:2017 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60445:2021 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60079-11 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-11
IEC 60757 NOTE Harmonized as HD 457 S1
IEC 61666:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61666:2010 (not modified)
IEC 62491 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62491
2
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SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
EN IEC 60445:2021 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60417 - Graphical symbols for use on equipment - -
IEC 60617 - Graphical symbols for diagrams - -
3
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SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
IEC 60445
®
Edition 7.0 2021-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations
and conductors
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machine,
le marquage et l’identification – Identification des bornes de matériels,
des extrémités de conducteurs et des conducteurs
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 01.080.20; 13.110; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-9921-0
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN IEC 60445:2021
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Methods of identification . 10
5 Application of identification means . 10
6 Identification by colours . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Use of single colours . 11
6.2.1 The use of the single colours GREEN and YELLOW . 11
6.2.2 Neutral or mid-point conductor . 12
6.2.3 Line conductor in AC system . 12
6.2.4 Line conductor in DC system . 12
6.2.5 Functional earthing conductor . 12
6.3 Use of bi-colour combinations . 12
6.3.1 Permitted colours . 12
6.3.2 Protective conductor . 12
6.3.3 PEN conductor . 13
6.3.4 PEL conductor . 13
6.3.5 PEM conductor . 14
6.3.6 Protective bonding conductor . 14
7 Identification by alphanumeric notation . 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Equipment terminal identification – Marking principles . 14
7.3 Identification of certain designated conductors . 17
7.3.1 General . 17
7.3.2 Neutral conductor . 17
7.3.3 Protective conductor . 17
7.3.4 PEN conductor . 17
7.3.5 PEL conductor . 17
7.3.6 PEM conductor . 17
7.3.7 Protective bonding conductor . 17
7.3.8 Functional earthing conductor . 18
7.3.9 Functional bonding conductor . 18
7.3.10 Mid-point conductor . 18
7.3.11 Line conductor . 18
7.3.12 System-referencing-conductor . 18
Annex A (informative) Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used
for identification of conductors and terminals . 19
Annex B (informative) List of notes concerning particular conditions in certain
countries . 21
Bibliography . 26
Figure 1 – Single element with two terminals . 15
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Figure 2 – Single element with four terminals: Two endpoints and two intermediate
points . 15
Figure 3 – Three-phase equipment with six terminals . 15
Figure 4 – Three-element equipment with twelve terminals: Six endpoints and six
intermediate points . 16
Figure 5 – Equipment with groups of elements . 16
Figure 6 – Interconnection of equipment terminals and certain designated conductors . 17
Table A.1 – Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used for
identification of conductors and terminals . 19
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60445 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 3: Documentation, graphical symbols
and representations of technical information. It is an International Standard.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
This seventh edition cancels and replaces the sixth edition published in 2017. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
1
a) the definitions have been aligned with IEC 60050-195:2021 and IEC 60050-826:— ;
_____________
1
Third edition under preparation. Stage at time of publication: IEC FDIS 60050-826:2021.
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IEC 60445:2021 © IEC 2021 – 5 –
b) the provisions for colour to be used for identification of certain designated conductors are
made requirements and not only recommendations;
c) introduction of a new subclause on marking of protective terminals for multiple power supply
inputs on equipment.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
3/1491/FDIS 3/1517/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that Annex B lists all of the "in-some-country" clauses
on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this standard.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
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BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
1 Scope
This document applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment
such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever
applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and it also applies to the
identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules for
the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of
avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours and alphanumeric
notations are intended to be applied on cores, busbars, and electrical equipment, and in cables
or installations.
This basic safety publication focusing on safety essential requirements is primarily intended for
use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles
laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies. One of the responsibilities of
a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in the
preparation of its publications. The requirements of this basic safety publication will not apply
unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment (available at http://www.graphical-
symbols.info/equipment)
IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams (available at http://std.iec.ch/iec60617)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
NOTE The terms are sorted in alphabetical order in the English language.
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IEC 60445:2021 © IEC 2021 – 7 –
3.1
earthing
grounding, US
electric connections between conductive parts and local earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-24]
3.2
earthed protective bonding conductor
protective bonding conductor which has a conductive path to local earth
3.3
electrical equipment
item used for generation, conversion, transmission, distribution or utilization of electric energy
Note 1 to entry: Examples of such items are electric machines, transformers, switchgear and controlgear,
measuring instruments, protective devices, wiring systems, current-using equipment.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:—, 826-16-01]
3.4
electrical safety
freedom from risk that is not tolerable and which is caused by electricity
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-20]
3.5
equipotential bonding
set of electric connections intended to achieve equipotentiality between conductive parts
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-10]
3.6
equipotentiality
state when conductive parts are at a substantially equal electric potential
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-09]
3.7
functional bonding conductor
conductor provided for functional-equipotential-bonding
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-16]
3.8
functional earthing
functional grounding, US
earthing for purposes other than electrical safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-13]
3.9
functional earthing conductor
functional grounding conductor, US
conductor provided for functional earthing
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-15]
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3.10
functional-equipotential-bonding
equipotential bonding for reasons other than electrical safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-16]
3.11
line conductor
conductor intended to be energized and capable of contributing to the transmission or
distribution of electric energy but which is not a neutral conductor or mid-point conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-08, modified – Note 1 to entry removed.]
3.12
local earth
local ground, US
part of the Earth that is in electric contact with an earth electrode and that has an electric
potential not necessarily equal to zero
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-03]
3.13
mid-point
common point between two symmetrical circuit elements of which the opposite ends are
electrically connected to different line conductors of the same circuit
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-04]
3.14
mid-point conductor
conductor electrically connected to the mid-point and capable of contributing to the distribution
of electric energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-07]
3.15
neutral conductor
conductor electrically connected to the neutral point and capable of contributing to the
distribution of electric energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-06]
3.16
neutral point
common point of a star-connected polyphase system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-05]
3.17
PEL conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a line conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-14]
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3.18
PEM conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a mid-point
conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-13]
3.19
PEN conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral
conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-12]
3.20
protective bonding conductor
protective conductor provided for protective-equipotential-bonding
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-10]
3.21
protective conductor
equipment grounding conductor, US
grounding electrode conductor, US
conductor provided for purposes of electrical safety
Note 1 to entry: The terms "equipment grounding conductor" and "grounding electrode conductor" are used in the
US depending on their application.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-09, modified – Two synonyms and Note 1 to entry
have been added.]
3.22
protective earthing
protective grounding, US
earthing for purposes of electrical safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-11]
3.23
protective earthing conductor
PE conductor
protective grounding conductor, US
protective conductor provided for protective earthing
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-11]
3.24
protective-equipotential-bonding
equipotential bonding for the purposes of electrical safety
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-01-15]
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3.25
protective terminal
terminal provided on equipment and intended for the electric connection with a protective
conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:2021, 195-02-43]
3.26
system-referencing-conductor
conductor between a live conductor and the earthing arrangement to enable the live conductor
to be substantially at the same potential as the Earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826: —, 826-13-38]
3.27
terminal
conductive part of electrical equipment provided for connecting that electrical equipment to one
or more external conductors
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-12-12, modified – "device, electric circuit or electric
network" is replaced by "electrical equipment", and Note 1 to entry is removed.]
3.28
unearthed protective bonding conductor
protective bonding conductor which is isolated from the Earth
4 Methods of identification
Where the identification of equipment terminals and of terminations of certain designated
conductors is considered necessary, it shall be effected by the use of one or more of the
following methods:
– the physical or relative location of the equipment terminals or of terminations of certain
designated conductors;
– a colour code for equipment terminals and terminations of certain designated conductors in
accordance with Clause 6;
– graphical symbols in accordance with IEC 60417. If additional symbols are required, these
shall be consistent with IEC 60617;
– an alphanumeric notation in accordance with the system laid down in Clause 7.
To keep consistency with the documentation, conductor and equipment terminal designation,
the alphanumeric notation is recommended.
NOTE 1 It is recognised that for complex systems and installations additional marking and labelling are used for
reasons other than safety, see for example IEC 62491.
NOTE 2 Annex A contains Table A.1 which provides an overview of identifications of certain designated conductors
and equipment terminals to which these conductors are likely to be connected.
5 Application of identification means
The identifying colour, graphical symbol or alphanumeric notation shall be located on, or
adjacent to, the corresponding terminal.
When more than one identification method is used and confusion is possible, the correlation
between the methods shall be clarified in the associated documentation.
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When no confusion is possible, the juxtaposition of numerical and alphanumeric notation may
be applied.
Terminals and conductors used for earthing or equipotential bonding are divided according to
their purpose of earthi
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 60445:2021
01-januar-2021
Osnovna in varnostna načela za vmesnik človek-stroj, označevanje in
razpoznavanje - Razpoznavanje terminalov opreme, končnikov vodnikov in
vodnikov
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification -
Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
Grund- und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung
von Anschlüssen elektrischer Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces hommes-machines, le
marquage et lidentification - Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de
conducteurs et des conducteurs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 60445:2020
ICS:
01.080.20 Grafični simboli za posebno Graphical symbols for use on
opremo specific equipment
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
oSIST prEN IEC 60445:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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3/1461/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 60445 ED7
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2020-11-20 2021-02-12
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
3/1450/CD, 3/1460/CC
IEC TC 3 : DOCUMENTATION, GRAPHICAL SYMBOLS AND REPRESENTATIONS OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Sweden Mr Thomas Borglin
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
TC 20,TC 44,TC 64
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if
any, in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING NOT SUBMITTED FOR CENELEC PARALLEL VOTING
Attention IEC-CENELEC parallel voting
The attention of IEC National Committees, members of
CENELEC, is drawn to the fact that this Committee Draft
for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
CENELEC online voting system.
This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
TITLE:
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification
of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2026
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2020 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this
electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions.
You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without
permission in writing from IEC.
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1 CONTENTS
2 CONTENTS . 1
3 FOREWORD . 4
4 1 Scope . 6
5 2 Normative references . 6
6 3 Terms and definitions . 6
7 4 Methods of identification . 10
8 5 Application of identification means . 10
9 6 Identification by colours . 11
10 6.1 General . 11
11 6.2 Use of single colours . 11
12 6.2.1 The use of the single colours GREEN and YELLOW . 11
13 6.2.2 Neutral or mid-point conductor . 11
14 6.2.3 Line conductor in AC system . 12
15 6.2.4 Line conductor in DC system . 12
16 6.2.5 Functional earthing conductor . 12
17 6.3 Use of bi-colour combinations . 12
18 6.3.1 Permitted colours . 12
19 6.3.2 Protective conductor . 12
20 6.3.3 PEN conductor . 13
21 6.3.4 PEL conductor . 13
22 6.3.5 PEM conductor . 13
23 6.3.6 Protective bonding conductor . 14
24 7 Identification by alphanumeric notation . 14
25 7.1 General . 14
26 7.2 Equipment terminal identification – Marking principles . 14
27 7.3 Identification of certain designated conductors . 17
28 7.3.1 General . 17
29 7.3.2 Neutral conductor . 17
30 7.3.3 Protective conductor . 17
31 7.3.4 PEN conductor . 17
32 7.3.5 PEL conductor . 17
33 7.3.6 PEM conductor . 17
34 7.3.7 Protective bonding conductor . 17
35 7.3.8 Functional earthing conductor . 18
36 7.3.9 Functional bonding conductor . 18
37 7.3.10 Mid-point conductor . 18
38 7.3.11 Line conductor . 18
39 7.3.12 System-referencing-conductor . 18
40 Annex A (informative) Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used
41 for identification of conductors and terminals . 19
42 Annex B (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries . 21
43 Bibliography . 27
44
45 Figure 1 – Single element with two terminals . 15
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46 Figure 2 – Single element with four terminals: Two endpoints and two intermediate
47 points . 15
48 Figure 3 – Three-phase equipment with six terminals . 15
49 Figure 4 – Three-element equipment with twelve terminals: Six endpoints and six
50 intermediate points . 16
51 Figure 5 – Equipment with groups of elements . 16
52 Figure 6 – Interconnection of equipment terminals and certain designated conductors . 17
53
54 Table A.1 – Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used for
55 identification of conductors and terminals . 19
56
57
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58 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
59 ____________
60
61 BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
62 INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
63 IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
64 CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
65
66 FOREWORD
67 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
68 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
69 international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
70 this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
71 Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
72 Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
73 in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
74 governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
75 with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
76 agreement between the two organizations.
77 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
78 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
79 interested IEC National Committees.
80 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
81 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
82 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
83 misinterpretation by any end user.
84 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
85 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
86 between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
87 the latter.
88 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
89 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
90 services carried out by independent certification bodies.
91 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
92 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
93 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
94 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
95 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
96 Publications.
97 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
98 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
99 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
100 patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
101 This document has been prepared by IEC technical committee 3: Documentation, graphical
102 symbols and representations of technical information.
103 It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
104 This seventh edition cancels and replaces the sixth edition of IEC 60445, published in 2017.
105 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
106 edition:
107 a) the definitions have been aligned with the latest edition of IEV 195 and IEV 826 (currently
108 marked as of 202x);
109 b) the requirements for the colour to be used for identification of certain designated
110 conductors are made normative and not only recommendations;
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111 c) introduction of a new sub-clause on marking of protecting earthing terminal for multiple
112 power supply input on an equipment;
113
114 The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
3/XXX/FDIS 3/XXX/RVD
115
116 Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
117 the report on voting indicated in the above table.
118 This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
119 The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that Annex B lists all of the “in-some-country”
120 clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this
121 standard.
122 The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
123 stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
124 the specific document. At this date, the document will be
125 • reconfirmed,
126 • withdrawn,
127 • replaced by a revised edition, or
128 • amended.
129
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
130
131
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132 BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
133 INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
134 IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
135 CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
136
137
138
139 1 Scope
140 This document applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment
141 such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever
142 applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and also applies to the
143 identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules
144 for the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of
145 avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours or alphanumeric
146 notations are intended to be applied in cables or cores, busbars, electrical equipment and
147 installations.
148 This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the
149 preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and
150 ISO/IEC Guide 51.
151 It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies. One of the responsibilities
152 of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in
153 the preparation of its publications. The requirements of this basic safety publication will not
154 apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
155 2 Normative references
156 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
157 content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
158 cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
159 any amendments) applies.
160 IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment
161 IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams
162 IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
163 and group safety publications
164 ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
165 3 Terms and definitions
166 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
167 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
168 addresses:
169 • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
170 • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
171 NOTE The terms are sorted in alphabetical order in the English language.
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172 3.1
173 earth, verb
174 ground, verb, US
175 to make an electric connection between a conductive part and a local earth
176 Note 1 to entry: The connection to local earth can be
177 – intentional, or
178 – unintentional or accidental
179 and can be permanent or temporary.
180 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-01-08]
181 3.2
182 earthed protective bonding conductor
183 protective bonding conductor which has a conductive path to local earth
184 3.3
185 electrical equipment
186 item used for such purposes as generation, conversion, transmission, distribution or utilization
187 of electric energy, such as electric machines, transformers, switchgear and controlgear,
188 measuring instruments, protective devices, wiring systems, current-using equipment
189 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:202x, 826-16-01]
190 3.4
191 electrical safety
192 freedom from risk that is not tolerable and which is caused by electricity
193 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:202x, 195-01-20]
194 3.5
195 equipotential bonding
196 set of electric connections intended to achieve equipotentiality between conductive parts
197 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-01-10]
198 3.6
199 equipotentiality
200 state when conductive parts are at a substantially equal electric potential
201 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-01-09]
202 3.7
203 functional bonding conductor
204 conductor provided for functional-equipotential-bonding
205 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-16]
206 3.8
207 functional earthing
208 functional grounding (US)
209 earthing for purposes other than electrical safety
210 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:202x, 195-01-13]
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211 3.9
212 functional earthing conductor
213 functional grounding conductor, US
214 conductor provided for functional earthing
215 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-15]
216 3.10
217 functional-equipotential-bonding
218 equipotential bonding for reasons other than electrical safety
219 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-01-16]
220 3.11
221 line conductor
222 conductor intended to be energized and capable of contributing to the transmission or
223 distribution of electric energy but which is not a neutral conductor or mid-point conductor
224 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-08, modified – Note 1 to entry removed]
225 3.12
226 mid-point
227 common point between two symmetrical circuit elements of which the opposite ends are
228 electrically connected to different line conductors of the same circuit
229 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:202x, 195-02-04]
230 3.13
231 mid-point conductor
232 conductor electrically connected to the mid-point and capable of contributing to the
233 distribution of electric energy
234 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-07]
235 3.14
236 neutral conductor
237 conductor electrically connected to the neutral point and capable of contributing to the
238 distribution of electric energy
239 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-06]
240 3.15
241 neutral point
242 common point of a star-connected polyphase system
243 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:202x, 195-02-05]
244 3.16
245 PEL conductor
246 conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a line
247 conductor
248 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-14]
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249 3.17
250 PEM conductor
251 conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a mid-point
252 conductor
253 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-13]
254 3.18
255 PEN conductor
256 conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral
257 conductor
258 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-12]
259 3.19
260 protective bonding conductor
261 protective conductor provided for protective-equipotential-bonding
262 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-10]
263 3.20
264 protective conductor
265 equipment grounding conductor, US
266 grounding electrode conductor, US
267 conductor provided for purposes of electrical safety
268 Note 1 to entry: The terms equipment grounding conductor and grounding electrode conductor are used in the US
269 depending on their application.
270 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-09, modified – two synonyms and note 1 to entry
271 have been added.]
272 3.21
273 protective earthing
274 protective grounding, US
275 earthing for purposes of electrical safety
276 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-01-11]
277 3.22
278 protective earthing conductor
279 PE conductor
280 protective grounding conductor, US
281 protective conductor provided for protective earthing
282 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-02-11]
283 3.23
284 protective-equipotential-bonding
285 equipotential bonding for the purposes of electrical safety
286 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195: 202x, 195-01-15]
287 3.24
288 protective terminal
289 terminal provided on equipment and intended for the electric connection with a protective
290 conductor
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291 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:202x, 195-02-43]
292 3.25
293 system-referencing-conductor
294 conductor between a live conductor and the earthing arrangement to enable the live
295 conductor to be substantially at the same potential as the Earth
296 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:202x, 826-13-38]
297 3.26
298 terminal
299 conductive part of an electrical equipment provided for connecting that electrical equipment to
300 one or more external conductors
301 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-12-12, modified – “device, electric circuit or electric
302 network” is replaced by ”electrical equipment”, and note 1 to entry is removed]
303 3.27
304 unearthed protective bonding conductor
305 protective bonding conductor which is isolated from the Earth
306 4 Methods of identification
307 Where the identification of equipment terminals and of terminations of certain designated
308 conductors is considered necessary, it shall be effected by the use of one or more of the
309 following methods:
310 – the physical or relative location of the equipment terminals or of terminations of certain
311 designated conductors;
312 – a colour code for equipment terminals and terminations of certain designated conductors
313 in accordance with Clause 6;
314 – graphical symbols in accordance with IEC 60417. If additional symbols are required, these
315 shall be consistent with IEC 60617;
316 – an alphanumeric notation in accordance with the system laid down in Clause 7.
317 To keep consistency with the documentation, conductor and equipment terminal designation,
318 the alphanumeric notation is recommended.
319 Identification of conductors by colours shall be in accordance with the requirements provided
320 in Clause 6. Identification of conductors by alphanumeric notation shall be in accordance with
321 the requirements provided in Clause 7.
322 NOTE It is recognised that for complex systems and installations additional marking and labelling are used for
323 reasons other than safety, see for example IEC 62491.
324 5 Application of identification means
325 The identifying colour, graphical symbol or alphanumeric notation shall be located on, or
326 adjacent to, the corresponding terminal.
327 When more than one identification method is used and confusion is possible, the correlation
328 between the methods shall be clarified in the associated documentation.
329 When no confusion is possible, the juxtaposition of numerical and alphanumeric notation may
330 be applied.
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331 Terminals and conductors used for earthing are divided concerning their purpose of earthing
332 into the two basic concepts of protective earthing and functional earthing:
333 – If a terminal or conductor fulfils the requirements for both protective earthing and
334 functional earthing, it shall be designated as a protective earthing terminal or protective
335 earthing conductor, respectively.
336 – If the requirements for protective earthing are not met by a functional earthing terminal or
337 functional earthing conductor, it shall not be marked with an identification of a protective
338 earthing terminal or protective earthing conductor, respectively.
339 – The requirements for functional earthing are to be defined by the manufacturer or the
340 relevant product committee and should be specified within the documentation of the
341 equipment.
342 NOTE For example, requirements for handling EMC issues.
343 6 Identification by colours
344 6.1 General
345 For identification of conductors, only the following colours shall be used:
346 BLACK, BROWN, RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, BLUE, VIOLET, GREY, WHITE,
347 PINK, TURQUOISE.
348 NOTE This list of colours is derived from IEC 60757.
349 The identification by colour shall be used at terminations and preferably throughout the length
350 of the conductor either by the colour of the insulation or by colour markers, except for bare
351 conductors where the colour identification shall be at termination and connection points.
352 Identification by colour or marking is not required for
353 – concentric conductors of cables,
354 – metal sheath or armour of cables when used as a protective conductor,
355 – bare conductors where permanent identification is not practicable,
356 – extraneous-conductive-parts used as a protective conductor,
357 – exposed-conductive-parts used as a protective conductor.
358 Additional markings, for example alphanumerical, are allowed, provided that the colour
359 identification remains unambiguous.
360 Where conductors shall be identified by colours, the requirements of 6.2 and 6.3 applies.
361 6.2 Use of single colours
362 6.2.1 The use of the single colours GREEN and YELLOW
363 The single colours GREEN and YELLOW shall only be used where confusion with the
364 colouring of the conductors in accordance with 6.3.2 to 6.3.6 is not likely to occur.
365 6.2.2 Neutral or mid-point conductor
366 A neutral or mid-point conductor shall be identified by the colour BLUE. In order to avoid
367 confusion with other colours it is recommended to use an unsaturated colour BLUE, often
368 called "light blue".
369 Where a neutral or mid-point conductor is present, the colour BLUE shall not be used for
370 identifying any other conductor. In the absence of a neutral or mid-point conductor within the
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371 whole wiring system, the colour BLUE may be used for identifying a conductor with any other
372 purpose, except as a protective conductor.
373 Bare conductors used as neutral or mid-point conductors shall be either coloured by a BLUE
374 stripe, 15 mm to 100 mm wide in each unit or enclosure and at each accessible position, or
375 coloured BLUE throughout their length.
376 NOTE In IEC 60079-11, the colour BLUE is used for the marking by colour of terminals, terminal boxes, plugs and
377 s
...
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