SIST EN 14532-1:2005
(Main)Welding consumables - Test methods and quality requirements - Part 1: Primary methods and conformity assessment of consumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloys
Welding consumables - Test methods and quality requirements - Part 1: Primary methods and conformity assessment of consumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloys
This document describes the basic verification tests, the testing methods, the amount of testing and the requirements for the qualification of welding consumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloys intended for all fields of application.
This document describes a wide range of tests, which are appropriate for the majority of applications. When supplementary tests are required (see EN 14532-2), these can be carried out at any time without the need to repeat the primary tests.
NOTE Additional information is given in Annex O.
Schweißzusätze - Prüfverfahren und Qualitätsanforderungen - Teil 1: Grundprüfungen und Konformitätsbewertung von Schweißzusätzen für Stahl, Nickel und Nickellegierungen
Dieses Dokument legt die Grund-Eignungsprüfungen, die Prüfverfahren, den Prüfumfang und die Anforderungen
für die Zulassung von Schweißzusätzen für Stahl, Nickel und Nickellegierungen, die für alle Anwendungsbereiche
gelten sollen, fest.
Dieses Dokument beschreibt eine Vielzahl von Prüfungen, die für die meisten Anwendungen geeignet sind. Sind
zusätzliche Prüfungen erforderlich (siehe EN 14532-2), können sie zu jeder Zeit erfolgen, ohne die ursprüngliche
Grundprüfung wiederholen zu müssen.
ANMERKUNG Zusätzliche Informationen werden in Anhang O gegeben.
Produits consommables pour le soudage - Méthodes d'essai et exigences de qualité - Partie 1: Méthodes primaires et évaluation de la conformité des produits consommables pour l'acier, le nickel et les alliages de nickel
Le présent document décrit les essais de vérification de base, les méthodes d�essai, la quantité d�essais et les
exigences pour l�agrément des produits consommables de soudage pour l�acier, le nickel et les alliages de nickel
destinés à tous les domaines d�application.
Le présent document décrit une large gamme d�essais, qui sont appropriés à la majorité des applications. Dans le
cas où des essais complémentaires sont exigés (voir EN 14532-2), ceux-ci peuvent être réalisés à n�importe quel
moment sans qu�il soit nécessaire de répéter les essais primaires.
NOTE Des informations complémentaires sont données à l�Annexe O.
Dodajni materiali za varjenje - Preskusne metode in zahteve po kakovosti - 1. del: Glavne metode in ocenjevanje skladnosti dodajnih materialov za jeklo, nikelj in nikljeve zlitine
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Dodajni materiali za varjenje - Preskusne metode in zahteve po kakovosti - 1. del: Glavne metode in ocenjevanje skladnosti dodajnih materialov za jeklo, nikelj in nikljeve zlitineSchweißzusätze - Prüfverfahren und Qualitätsanforderungen - Teil 1: Grundprüfungen und Konformitätsbewertung von Schweißzusätzen für Stahl, Nickel und NickellegierungenProduits consommables pour le soudage - Méthodes d'essai et exigences de qualité - Partie 1: Méthodes primaires et évaluation de la conformité des produits consommables pour l'acier, le nickel et les alliages de nickelWelding consumables - Test methods and quality requirements - Part 1: Primary methods and conformity assessment of consumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloys77.120.40Nikelj, krom in njune zlitineNickel, chromium and their alloys77.080.20JeklaSteels25.160.20Potrošni material pri varjenjuWelding consumablesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14532-1:2004SIST EN 14532-1:2005en01-marec-2005SIST EN 14532-1:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14532-1November 2004ICS 25.160.20English versionWelding consumables - Test methods and quality requirements -Part 1: Primary methods and conformity assessment ofconsumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloysProduits consommables pour le soudage - Méthodesd'essai et exigences de qualité - Partie 1: Méthodesprimaires et évaluation de la conformité des produitsconsommables pour l'acier, le nickel et les alliages denickelSchweißzusätze - Prüfverfahren undQualitätsanforderungen - Teil 1: Grundprüfungen undKonformitätsbewertung von Schweißzusätzen für Stahl,Nickel und NickellegierungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 October 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14532-1:2004: ESIST EN 14532-1:2005
page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.8 4 Applicable procedures for conformity assessment.9 5 Type qualification test.9 5.1 General.9 5.2 Necessary information.9 5.3 Testing of the product.10 5.3.1 Testing to demonstrate applicability.10 5.3.2 Sampling for verification of product physical characteristics.10 5.3.3 Chemical composition of the product.10 5.3.4 Marking of products.11 6 Testing.11 6.1 Testing of all-weld metal.11 6.1.1 General.11 6.1.2 Type and number of test pieces and diameters of welding consumables to be tested.11 6.1.3 Welding conditions.12 6.1.4 Testing conditions, test specimen type, number of test specimens and requirements.12 6.2 Testing of welded joints.13 6.2.1 Parent metals.13 6.2.2 Type and dimensions of the test pieces.14 6.2.3 Welding conditions.14 6.2.4 Number of test pieces.17 6.2.5 Number of test specimens.17 6.2.6 Test conditions and specimen geometry.18 6.2.7 Welded joints – Technical requirements.18 6.2.8 Post weld heat treatment.18 6.2.9 Hot cracking tests.19 7 Retests.19 8 Range of qualification.19 8.1 General.19 8.2 Parent metals.19 8.3 Post weld heat treatment.19 8.4 Combination of welding consumables and auxiliary materials.19 8.5 Welding positions.19 8.6 Current and polarity.20 8.7 Root weldability.20 8.8 Diameter range.20 8.9 Maximum temperature.20 8.10 Minimum temperature.20 8.11 Undermatching strength.20 8.12 Material thickness.20 9 Type qualification test report.20 10 Certificate.20 SIST EN 14532-1:2005
Type qualification tests – Overview.22 Annex B (normative)
Solid product composition – Limits.23 Annex C (normative)
All-weld metal from covered and tubular cored electrodes – Limits of chemical composition.24 Annex D (normative)
All-weld metal of welding consumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloys – Requirements.25 Annex E (normative)
Calculation of delta ferrite.26 Annex F (normative)
Range of qualification for steels.27 Annex G (normative)
Butt welds – Thickness limits.28 Annex H (normative)
Welded joints – Technical requirements.29 Annex I (normative)
Number of test pieces in a type qualification test.30 Annex J (informative)
Suggested qualification test report.32 Annex K (informative)
Type qualification certificate.33 Annex L (informative)
Transfer of qualification – Application.34 Annex M (informative)
Transfer of qualification – Declaration of identity.35 Annex N (normative)
Prolongation of qualification – Manufacturer's tests.36 Annex O (informative)
Qualification under the supervision of a test body.37 Annex P (informative)
List of material groups according to CR ISO 15608:2000.39 Bibliography.41
This document proposes harmonised verification test conditions for the qualification of welding consumables. The responsibility to identify the extent of the tests to be carried out lies with the manufacturer/supplier on the basis of his assessment of the market requirements. It should be noted that tests in accordance with this document are made in a way which is not necessarily representative of a real welded structure. The requirements for the qualification of welding consumable manufacturers, suppliers and distributors are given in EN 12074. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
1 Scope This document describes the basic verification tests, the testing methods, the amount of testing and the requirements for the qualification of welding consumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloys intended for all fields of application.
This document describes a wide range of tests, which are appropriate for the majority of applications. When supplementary tests are required (see EN 14532-2), these can be carried out at any time without the need to repeat the primary tests. NOTE Additional information is given in Annex O. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 439, Welding consumables — Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting. EN 440, Welding consumables — Wire electrodes and deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification. EN 499, Welding consumables — Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification. EN 756, Welding consumables - Solid wires, solid wire-flux and tubular cored electrode-flux combinations for submerged arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels – Classification. EN 757, Welding consumables — Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of high strength steels — Classification. EN 758, Welding consumables — Tubular cored electrodes for metal arc welding with and without a gas shield of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification. EN 760, Welding consumables — Fluxes for submerged arc welding — Classification. EN 875, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Impact tests — Test specimen location, notch orientation and examination. EN 876, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Longitudinal tensile test on weld metal in fusion welded joints. EN 895, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Transverse tensile test. EN 910, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Bend test. EN 970, Non destructive examination of fusion welds — Visual examination. EN 1011-1, Welding — Recommendations for welding of metallic materials — Part 1: General guidance for arc welding. EN 1043-1, Destructive test on welds in metallic materials — Hardness testing — Part 1: Hardness test on arc welded joint. EN 1321, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
requirements — Part 2: Supplementary methods and conformity assessment of consumables for steel, nickel and nickel alloys. EN 12534, Welding consumables — Wire electrodes, wires, rods and deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of high strength steels — Classification. EN 12535, Welding consumables — Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded metal arc welding of high strength steels — Classification. EN 12536, Welding consumables — Rods for gas welding of non alloy and creep-resisting steels — Classification. EN ISO 544, Welding consumables — Technical delivery conditions for welding filler materials — Type of product, dimensions, tolerances and markings (ISO 544:2003). EN ISO 3690, Welding and allied processes — Determination of hydrogen content in ferritic arc weld metal (ISO 3690:2000). EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes — Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers (ISO 4063:1998). SIST EN 14532-1:2005
3.2 classification process where the manufacturer carries out tests on the product to verify the designation according to the appropriate consumable standard
1 In this document "austenitic-ferritic" is used instead of " ferritic-austenitic". SIST EN 14532-1:2005
Applicable procedures for conformity assessment The procedures for conformity assessment are described below. Tests and evaluation for the qualification of welding consumables are given in Clauses 5 to 9 and they are carried out under the manufacturer's or supplier's trade designation. The manufacturer or supplier shall declare the conformity of the product on the label. NOTE Additional information is given in Annex O. 5 Type qualification test 5.1 General The compliance of a welding consumable with this document shall be demonstrated by a type qualification test and ongoing control to ensure consistent quality. The type qualification test (see Annex A) shall consist of:
— testing of the product (see 5.3);
— testing of all-weld metal (see 6.1);
— testing of welded joints (see 6.2). 5.2 Necessary information The following product information shall be documented:
— scope of qualification;
— whether qualification is for butt welds and fillet welds or only for fillet welds;
— brand and product name;
— European Standard designation; SIST EN 14532-1:2005
— manufacturer's limits of chemical composition of the product or the all-weld metal; these shall not exceed the values given in Annexes B and C, respectively; — description of the covering, flux or filling material in terms of those major constituents which define the characteristics of the consumable (e.g. oxides, carbonates, fluorides and metals);
— limits of mechanical properties of the all-weld metal in the as welded condition and/or, if applicable, in post weld heat treated conditions;
— ferrite content (if requested);
— hydrogen content (if requested). 5.3 Testing of the product 5.3.1 Testing to demonstrate applicability The manufacturer shall define the range of testing to demonstrate applicability in such a way that the mechanical properties of the all-weld metal are in accordance with the minimum requirements of this document. The range of qualification shall be subdivided with relevant information as follows:
— parent metals;
— heat treatment;
— any restriction on material thickness;
— highest and lowest test temperature;
— type of current and polarity;
— root weldability (without backing or sealing run);
— welding positions;
— applicability for single-run and/or multi-run techniques;
— other specific product information (e.g. shielding gas or flux). 5.3.2 Sampling for verification of product physical characteristics All welding consumables for qualification tests shall be sampled at the manufacturer's or supplier's premises. The sizes and dimensions of welding consumables involved in the qualification test shall be examined in accordance with EN ISO 544, or EN 760 for fluxes, or the manufacturer's product specification (see 5.2 and 5.3.1). In addition other characteristics of the product shall be examined where applicable, e.g. the colour, physical condition and marking. 5.3.3 Chemical composition of the product The manufacturer shall document that the chemical composition of the solid wire and/or strip welding consumable meets the requirements of the product specification and the limits given in Annex B. The constituent materials of the consumables shall be documented in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. For the purpose of qualifying a welding consumable it is sufficient to identify the shielding gas in accordance with EN 439. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
— electrogas welding (process 73 according to EN ISO 4063);
— electroslag welding (process 72 according to EN ISO 4063);
—
overlay welding;
— single and two run welding, where
qualification is not required for multi run welding;
— oxy-fuel gas-welding (process 31 according to EN ISO 4063). 6.1.2 Type and number of test pieces and diameters of welding consumables to be tested The type of test piece is given in the corresponding welding consumable standard. The number of test pieces depends of the type and diameter of the welding consumable as shown in Table 1. Table 1 — Number of all weld metal test pieces and diameters of welding consumable to be tested Type of welding consumable Number of all-weld metal test pieces Diameter of welding consumable 1 4,0 mm a covered electrodes 1 maximum to be qualified rods for tungsten inert gas welding b
1 2,4 mm c wire electrodes for gas-shielded metal arc welding b
1 maximum to be qualified tubular cored electrodes b 1 maximum to be qualified flux-wire combinations for submerged arc welding 1 4,0 mm wire electrodes or maximum to be qualified a Where 4,0 mm diameter has not been manufactured, the closest diameter to 4,0 mm shall be used. b For each shielding gas or gas group for which qualification is required a separate all-weld metal test piece shall be
prepared. c Where 2,4 mm diameter has not been manufactured, the closest diameter to 2,4 mm shall be used.
47 J but higher than 32 joules. For consumables for which the classification standard does not require impact properties no impact testing is required by this document. 6.1.4.4 Chemical composition of all-weld metal The sample for the analysis of the all-weld metal can be taken from the broken pieces of an all-weld metal tensile test specimen or on a pad in accordance with EN ISO 6847. Alternatively analysis may be carried out on a transverse section of the all-weld metal sample. All elements specified in the product standard shall be determined. The chemical composition of the all-weld metal shall be determined for each diameter tested (Annex C). For electro-gas and electro-slag the chemical analysis may be performed on a weldment. The chemical composition of the all-weld metal shall meet the requirements of the manufacturer's product specification and Annex C. 6.1.4.5 Determination of ferrite content (stainless steel weld metal) For information the ferrite content of the weld metal shall be determined by one of the following methods. 1. Determination of Ferrite Number in accordance with EN ISO 8249; 2. Calculation of Ferrite Number in accordance with Annex E; 3. Metallographic measurement of ferrite percentage. The method of determination shall be reported. The average ferrite content shall be within the limits given in the product standard or in the manufacturer's specification. 6.1.4.6 Determination of hydrogen content When required hydrogen shall be assessed in the deposited weld metal on three specimens in accordance with EN ISO 3690. The average hydrogen content shall not exceed the limits given in the product standard or in the manufacturer's product specification. Prior to hydrogen testing the electrodes or welding fluxes shall be baked/dried at the minimum times and temperatures within the manufacturer's recommended ranges. 6.2 Testing of welded joints 6.2.1 Parent metals Test pieces shall be prepared with a parent metal selected from Table F.1 (see Annex F) to define the steel material sub-groups according to CR ISO 15608:2000, Table 1 or according to CR ISO 15608:2000, Table 4 to define the nickel or nickel alloy group, for which qualification is required. All materials not mentioned in a material group shall be tested individually. For a wire-flux combination intended for multi run submerged arc welding only one test piece shall be prepared with a parent metal with the highest strength or the highest alloy content of the material groups according to CR ISO 15608:2000 for which qualification is required. Test plate material shall have a certification, e.g. in accordance with EN 10204. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
Key
a = 3t; minimum value 150 mm
b = 6t; minimum value 350 mm Figure 1 - Test piece for a butt weld in plate A joint preparation in accordance with the manufacturer's welding procedure specification shall be used. The material thickness of the test pieces shall be selected from Annex G. When the term unlimited is requested at least one test piece shall use minimum 25 mm material thickness or 20 mm for stainless steel. NOTE Guidance for joint preparation is given in EN 1597-2, EN 1597-3 and EN ISO 9692-1. For testing covered electrodes with a nominal electrode efficiency of > 125 %, a fillet weld joint in accordance with EN 1597-3 shall also be made. In this case the minimum weld length is 500 mm. The plate thickness shall be between 10 mm and 12 mm (single layer welding). Where welding consumables are intended only for fillet welding (e.g. gravity welding), a test piece in accordance with EN 1597-3 shall be performed instead of the butt weld. For two-run technique with the submerged arc welding process a test piece in accordance with EN 1597-2 shall be used. If the field of application does not include two-run technique, the test piece shall be welded with butt weld preparation using multi-run technique. 6.2.3 Welding conditions 6.2.3.1 General On carrying out the test welds, the following welding conditions shall be observed. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
Ferritic Cr-steels 200 to 300 Martensitic Cr-steels 200 to 300 Soft martensitic CrNi-steels 100 to 160 Austenitic CrNi(Mo)-steels 150 Austenitic - Ferritic CrNiMoN-steels 150 Nickel and nickel alloys 100 a Single values in the table means maximum temperatures.
6.2.3.4 Welding positions One weldment for each welding position for which qualification is required shall be used for the tests. Welding consumables for manual metal arc welding, tubular cored electrode welding, gas shielded metal arc welding and tungsten inert gas welding tested in the flat position (PA) also includes the qualification in the horizontal-vertical position (PC) according to EN ISO 6947. This does not apply to high efficiency covered electrodes (> 125 %). 6.2.3.5 Type of current and polarity When qualification is for both direct (d.c.) and alternating (a.c.) current, each type of current shall be used at least once in the test programme. The same principle applies for the choice of the positive and negative pole when qualification is only for direct current. In cases where the manufacturer recommends a polarity change in completing the weld, both polarities may be used in a single weld in order to minimize the number of test pieces. 6.2.3.6 Welding parameters and bead sequence Welding of the joints shall be carried out with welding parameters consistent with the welding position, the diameter of welding consumable and the welding process as recommended by the manufacturer. 6.2.3.7 Consumable diameters The diameters to be used for the test are given in Table 3. The weld shall be carried out from the root bead to the final pass using a sequence of increasing diameters. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
mm Diameter to be used for the flat position (PA) a mm Diameter to be used for other position
mm Covered electrodes 2,5 to 6,0 b
2,5 or 3,2 c
and 4,0 and 5,0 and 6,0 Rods for tungsten inert gas welding or oxyacetylene welding 0,6 to 1,2 1,0 to 4,0 2,0 to 6,0 1,0 1,6 and 2,4 or 2,5
2,4 or 2,5 and 4,0 and 6,0 Wire electrodes for gas shielded metal arc welding 0,6 to 1,6 0,6 to 3,2 0,8 and 1,2 or 1,6 0,8 or 1,0 and 1,6 or 2,4 Tubular cored electrodes 1,2 to 2,4 b
1,2 to 4,0 1,2 or 1,6 and 2,0 1,2 or 1,6 and 2,4 or 3,2 as recommended for the position Wire electrodes for submerged arc welding 3,0 to 5,0 d 4,0 – a Depending on diameter range submitted to qualification. b Smaller or larger diameters, if needed. c Only root pass and second pass or layer. d If a smaller or larger diameter is applied for, the smallest or the largest diameters applied for shall be included
additionally in the test. 6.2.3.8 Root weldability A welding consumable also intended for root welding without any backing or sealing run shall be tested in the flat (PA) position according to EN ISO 6947. The root shall be evaluated for steels according to EN ISO 5817 level B. If other preparations are selected in order to achieve the root weld, these shall be indicated in the certificate. 6.2.3.9 Shielding gases Shielding gases to be used in the test shall be selected from Table 4 in relation to the qualification required. For welding of test pieces with tungsten inert gas welding any gas in group I of EN 439 may be used. For other gases not included in EN 439 the qualification is for that gas only. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
M3 C C C + M21 (2 tests) M2; M3; C I I R + I
R; I 6.2.4 Number of test pieces During preparation of welded joints for the qualification test the combination of material thickness, welding position and parent metals shall be considered to minimise the number of test pieces, see Annex I. 6.2.5 Number of test specimens 6.2.5.1 General The following test specimens shall be taken from each test piece as required in 6.2.6. 6.2.5.2 Butt welds For the testing described in 6.2.6 the following test specimens shall be prepared: — 2 transverse tensile test specimens according to EN 895; — 2 face bend test specimens according to EN 910; — 2 root bend test specimens according to EN 910; — 1 macro section according to EN 1321 with hardness test (HV 10), EN 1043-1; — 1 micro section according to EN 1321; — in addition if applicable: 1 set of 3 impact test specimens according to EN 875 notch in the centre of the weld tested at the lowest temperature for which qualification is required. In addition, for electro-gas and electro-slag butt welds with a material thickness above 20 mm, a longitudinal tensile test specimen according to EN 876 shall be tested. For single-run and two-run technique reference is made to EN 1597-2. 6.2.5.3 Fillet welds For the testing described in 6.2.6 the following test specimens shall be prepared: — 1 macro section according to EN 1321; — 1 fracture test according to EN 1597-3. Where qualification is required only for fillet welding hardness testing HV 10 in accordance with EN 1043-1 is required, except for material group 8 in accordance with CR ISO 15608:2000. SIST EN 14532-1:2005
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