M/238 - Fire-resistant hydraulic fluid

This document specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme pressure (EP) and antiwear
properties of liquid lubricants (categories C, D, F, G, H, M, P of ISO 6743-99), lubricating greases
(ISO 6743-9, category X) and other consistent lubricants. The test conditions are not intended to
simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions
for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in
lubricant specifications.

This document specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme pressure (EP) and antiwear
properties of liquid lubricants (categories C, D, F, G, H, M, P of ISO 6743-99), lubricating greases
(ISO 6743-9, category X) and other consistent lubricants. The test conditions are not intended to
simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions
for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in
lubricant specifications.

This International Standard specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to
mineral oils, synthetic oils, and other fluids containing polymers, when passed through a specified
diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured by the change in viscosity of the fluid under
test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, this
International Standard is applied to hydraulic fluids of categories HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743-4[1]
and specified in ISO 11158 [2], but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within
categories HFA, HFB, HFC, and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922[3].
No formal correlation has been established between the viscosity loss, or the absence of viscosity loss,
obtained using the procedures described in this International Standard and that of oils and fluids in
actual service. However, it provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability
under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and
additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
NOTE Changes to properties other than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not
covered by the procedures specified in this International Standard.

ISO 20844:2015 specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to mineral oils, synthetic oils, and other fluids containing polymers, when passed through a specified diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured by the change in viscosity of the fluid under test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, this International Standard is applied to hydraulic fluids of categories HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743‑4[1] and specified in ISO 11158 [2], but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within categories HFA, HFB, HFC, and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922[3].
No formal correlation has been established between the viscosity loss, or the absence of viscosity loss, obtained using the procedures described in this International Standard and that of oils and fluids in actual service. However, it provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
NOTE Changes to properties other than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not covered by the procedures specified in this International Standard.

This part of ISO 6743 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family H (Hydraulic systems)
which belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils, and related products). It is intended to be read in
conjunction with ISO 6743-99. This classification system does not include automotive brake fluids or
aircraft hydraulic fluids.

ISO 6743-4:2015 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family H (Hydraulic systems) which belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils, and related products). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑99. This classification system does not include automotive brake fluids or aircraft hydraulic fluids.

This part of ISO 20783 specifies a test method to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFAE, as defined in ISO 6743-4, made up with waters having clearly-defined concentrations of salts. This method is applicable only to HFAE fluids and not to HFAS fluids.

This International Standard specifies a test method to determine the pH value of fire-resistant fluids within categories HFAE, HFAS and HFC, as classified in ISO 6743-4.

This part of ISO 4404 specifies a procedure for the determination of the corrosion-inhibiting properties of non-aqueous hydraulic fluids within the category HFD, as classified in ISO 6743-4. It provides a qualitative assessment of corrosion of five of the most common metals used in the construction of hydraulic systems, but other metals and/or alloys could be added or substituted for these metals for particular installations.

ISO 20783‑1:2011 specifies a test method to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFAE, as defined in ISO 6743-4, made up with waters having clearly-defined concentrations of salts. This method is applicable only to HFAE fluids and not to HFAS fluids.

ISO 20843:2011 specifies a test method to determine the pH value of fire-resistant fluids within categories HFAE, HFAS and HFC, as classified in ISO 6743‑4.

ISO 4404-2:2010 specifies a procedure for the determination of the corrosion-inhibiting properties of non-aqueous hydraulic fluids within the category HFD, as classified in ISO 6743‑4.
It provides a qualitative assessment of corrosion of five of the most common metals used in the construction of hydraulic systems, but other metals and/or alloys could be added or substituted for these metals for particular installations.

This Technical Report gives guidance on the achievement of compliance with Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSR) by the selection of fire-resistant fluids or by other means. It includes consideration of the selection of fluids with lower levels of fire resistance and of mineral oil, with appropriate additional safety measures, where this option may be considered to be most satisfactory during operation.
This Technical Report is concerned with assessing the fire resistance, health properties and effects on the environment, but does not cover requirements for their general physical and chemical properties, which are detailed in EN ISO 12922.

This Technical Report gives guidance on the achievement of compliance with Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSR) by the selection of fire-resistant fluids or by other means. It includes consideration of the selection of fluids with lower levels of fire resistance and of mineral oil, with appropriate additional safety measures, where this option may be considered to be most satisfactory during operation.
This Technical Report is concerned with assessing the fire resistance, health properties and effects on the environment, but does not cover requirements for their general physical and chemical properties, which are detailed in EN ISO 12922.

Track changed from EN/ENQ+FV into EN/UAP (CC/010809)

ISO 4263-1:2003 specifies a method for the determination of the ageing behaviour of rust- and oxidation- inhibited mineral oils having a density less than that of water, used as turbine oils (categories TSA, TGA, TSE, TGE of ISO 6743-5, hydraulic oils (categories HL, HM, HR, HV, HG of ISO 6743-4), and circulating oils (category CKB of ISO 6743-6). Oils containing synthetic components can be tested by this procedure, but no precision statement is available yet for such fluids.
This test method is widely used in specifications and is considered of value in comparing the oxidation stability of oils that are prone to contamination with water. However, because of the large number of individual field service applications, the correlation between the results of this test and actual service performance can vary markedly, and is best judged on experience.

New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)

This  International Standard specifies two procedures for the preparation of test portions from petroleum and related products boiling above 200°C, which can then be used for the determination of total water content within the range of 3 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg. The method is applicable to unused and used lubricating oils, non-aqueous hydrolic fluids and high-boiling solvents. The test portions generated by these procedures are suitable for standard Karl Fischer water content determinations, such as those described in ISO 6296
and ISO 12937.

ISO 20763:2004 specifies procedures for the determination of steel-on-steel anti-wear properties of hydraulic fluids by means of performance in a vane-type hydraulic pump. ISO 20763:2004 covers a range of hydraulic fluids, both anhydrous and aqueous, intended for applications where high-speed sliding contacts, such as those found in a vane pump, are encountered.
For mineral oils of categories HM and HV, and fire-resistant fluids of category HFD, the method is applicable to viscosity classes ISO VG 32, ISO VG 46 and ISO VG 68, as specified in ISO 3448. Under different specified conditions, the method is applicable to aqueous fire-resistant hydraulic fluids in categories HFA, HFB and HFC, as specified in ISO 12922, within the same viscosity classes.

ISO 20783-2:2003 specifies three test methods to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFB, as defined in ISO 6743-4.
Method A describes a method for the determination of stability during storage at ambient temperature [(20 ± 2) °C] and is applicable to HFB and HFB.LT fluids.
Method B describes a method for the determination of stability during storage at medium temperature [(70 ± 2) °C] and is again applicable to HFB and HFB.LT fluids.
Method C describes a method for the determination of stability during storage at low temperature [(-10 ± 2) °C] and is applicable only to HFB.LT fluids.

ISO 20783-2:2003 specifies three test methods to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFB, as defined in ISO 6743-4.
Method A describes a method for the determination of stability during storage at ambient temperature [(20 ± 2) °C] and is applicable to HFB and HFB.LT fluids.
Method B describes a method for the determination of stability during storage at medium temperature [(70 ± 2) °C] and is again applicable to HFB and HFB.LT fluids.
Method C describes a method for the determination of stability during storage at low temperature [(-10 ± 2) °C] and is applicable only to HFB.LT fluids.

This International Standard specifies a method to determine the relative flammability of fluids when contacted with a hot metal surface
at a fixed temperature, but it is also possible to gauge fluid ignition temperatures by adjustment of mainfold temperature. The primary use is to assess the resistance to ignition of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids which are, by definition, difficult to ignite. The use of this International Standard with other types of more flammable fluids will significantly increase the hazards of this procedure. This procedure is specified in ISO 12922 as an indicator of fire-resistance.

ISO 20764:2003 specifies two procedures for the preparation of test portions from petroleum and related products boiling above 200 degrees Celsius, which can then be used for the determination of total water content within the range of 3 mg/kg to 1 000 mg/kg. The method is applicable to unused and used lubricating oils, non-aqueous hydraulic fluids and high-boiling solvents. The test portions generated by these procedures are suitable for standard Karl Fischer water-content determinations, such as those described in ISO 6296 and ISO 12937.

ISO 20823:2003 specifies a test method to determine the relative flammability of fluids when contacted with a hot metal surface at a fixed temperature, but it is also possible to gauge fluid ignition temperatures by adjustment of the manifold temperature.
It is primarily used is to assess the resistance to ignition of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids which are, by definition, difficult to ignite.
It may be used with other types of more flammable fluids at lower surface temperatures, but this could significantly increase the hazards of this procedure.

ISO 4263-2:2003 specifies a method for the determination of the ageing behaviour of hydraulic fluids of category HFC as defined in ISO 6743-4 and specified in ISO 12922. The ageing is accelerated by the presence of oxygen, water and metal catalysts at elevated temperature, and the degradation of the fluid is followed by changes in pH value and insolubles content. Other parts of ISO 4263 specify similar procedures for the determination of the ageing behaviour of mineral oils and specified categories of fire-resistant fluids used in hydraulic and other applications.

ISO 4263-2:2003 specifies a method for the determination of the ageing behaviour of hydraulic fluids of category HFC as defined in ISO 6743-4 and specified in ISO 12922. The ageing is accelerated by the presence of oxygen, water and metal catalysts at elevated temperature, and the degradation of the fluid is followed by changes in pH value and insolubles content. Other parts of ISO 4263 specify similar procedures for the determination of the ageing behaviour of mineral oils and specified categories of fire-resistant fluids used in hydraulic and other applications.

This International Standard specifies a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) test method for the determination of the sulfur content of liquid, homogeneous automotive fuels from 5 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, which have a maximum oxygen content of 3,7 % (m/m). This product range covers diesel fuels containing up to about 10 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and motor gasolines containing up to about 10 % (V/V) ethanol.
NOTE 1 Sulfur contents higher than 500 mg/kg can be determined after sample dilution. However, the precision was not established for diluted samples.
Products with higher oxygen content show significant matrix effects, e.g. FAME used as biodiesel.
Nevertheless, FAME may be analysed when the corresponding procedures are followed (see 4.3 and 7.1).
Other products may be analysed with this test method. However, precision data for products other than those mentioned have not been established for this International Standard.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent the mass fraction and the volume fraction of a material respectively.

ISO 20884:2011 specifies a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) test method for the determination of the sulfur content of liquid, homogeneous automotive fuels from 5 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, which have a maximum oxygen content of 3,7 % (m/m). This product range covers diesel fuels containing up to about 10 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and motor gasolines containing up to about 10 % (V/V) ethanol.
Products with higher oxygen content show significant matrix effects, e.g. FAME used as biodiesel. Nevertheless, FAME may be analysed when the corresponding procedures are followed.
Other products may be analysed with this test method. However, precision data for products other than those mentioned have not been established for ISO 20884:2011.

This international Standard specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme-pressure (EP) and antiwear properties of lubricating oils and fluids by means of the four ball machine. The conditions of test are those that apply in Europe and other areas that have similar electrical supply characteristics (200 V to 250 V, 50 Hz). In North America, the conditions of test are slightly different, but provide a similar ranking of the lubricating properties of fluids. The test conditions are not intented to simulate particular service conditions, but to provide
information over a range of standard conditions for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in lubricant specifications.
This procedure is specified in the 7th Luxembourg Report.

ISO 20623:2003 specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme-pressure (EP) and anti-wear properties of lubricating oils and fluids by means of the four ball machine. The conditions of test are those that apply in Europe and other areas that have similar electrical supply characteristics (200 V to 250 V, 50 Hz). In North America, the conditions of test are slightly different, but provide a similar ranking of the lubricating properties of fluids. The test conditions are not intended to simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in lubricant specifications.

This International Standard specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to mineral oils, synthetic oils and fluids, containing polymers, when passed through a specified diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured  by the change in viscosity
of the fluid under test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, this International Standard
is applied to class HV hydraulic fluids as defined defined in ISO 6743-4, but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within classes HFA, HFB, HFC and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922.
This International Standard does not necessarily predict changes in properties of oils and fluids in actual service, but provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
NOTE 1 - Changes in other properties than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not covered by the procedures specified in this International Standard.

ISO 20844:2004 specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to mineral oils, synthetic oils and other fluids containing polymers, when passed through a specified diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured by the change in viscosity of the fluid under test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, ISO 20844:2004 is applied to hydraulic fluids of categories HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743-4 and specified in ISO 11158, but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within categories HFA, HFB, HFC and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922.
No formal correlation has been established between the viscosity loss, or the absence of viscosity loss, obtained using the procedures described in ISO 20844:2004 and that of oils and fluids in actual service. However, ISO 20844:2004 provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
Changes to properties other than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not covered by the procedures specified in ISO 20844:2004.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 6743-4 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++  New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 6743-4 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++  New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 12922 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++  New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 12922 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++  New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)

New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)

Produits pétroliers et lubrifiants - Détermination du pH des fluides difficilement inflammables dans les catégories HFA et HFC (ISO/DIS 20843:2002)

New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02) ++ Reference changed from prEN ISO 20845 into prEN ISO 4404-2 (CC/020130)

ISO 20783-1:2003 specifies a test method to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFAE, as defined in ISO 6743-4, made up with waters having clearly-defined concentrations of salts. This method is applicable only to HFAE fluids and not to HFAS fluids.

ISO 20843:2003 specifies a test method to determine the pH value of non-flammable fluids within categories HFAE, HFAS and HFC, as classified in ISO 6743-4:1999.

ISO 4404-2:2003 specifies a procedure for the determination of the corrosion-inhibiting properties of non-aqueous hydraulic fluids within the category HFD, as classified in ISO 6743-4.
It provides a qualitative assessment of corrosion of five of the most common metals used in the construction of hydraulic systems, but other metals and/or alloys could be added or substituted for these metals for particular installations.