EN ISO 12894:2001
(Main)Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments (ISO 12894:2001)
Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments (ISO 12894:2001)
This International Standard provides guidance to those concerned with the safety of human exposures to extreme hot or cold thermal environments, about the medical fitness assessment and health monitoring which may be appropriate prior to and during such exposures. It is intended to assist those with responsibility for such exposures to reach decisions about the appropriate level of medical supervision in different situations. The standard presents guidance which should be read and used in the context of other guidance and legislation applying to each particular situation.
Ergonomie des Umgebungsklimas - Medizinische Überwachung von Personen, die einer extrem heißen oder kalten Umgebung ausgesetzt sind (ISO 12894:2001)
Diese Internationale Norm stellt Ratschläge für die Verantwortlichen zur Verfügung, die sich mit der Sicherheit bei der Exposition von Menschen gegenüber extrem heißen oder kalten thermischen Umgebungen befassen. Extreme thermische Umgebungen sind solche, die zu einem hohen Maß von Wärmezufuhr zum oder von Wärmeverlust des Körpers führen. Eine genaue Definition solcher Umgebungen ist nicht einfach aufzustellen, da die Veränderungen der Wärmespeicherung des Körpers ebenso von der Bekleidung und der körperlichen Tätigkeit wie von den Kennwerten der klimatischen Umgebung abhängen. Als Anleitung könnten die Grenzwerte extremer Umgebungen wie folgt angesehen werden: für heiße Umgebungen eine mit dem Feuchtkugelthermometer (WBGT-Index) gemessene Temperatur von 25 °C, für kalte Umgebungen eine Lufttemperatur von 0 °C oder darunter.
Extreme Umgebungen können nur für begrenzte Dauer ertragen werden, bis ein Risiko der Gesundheits-schädigung entsteht. Es sind Kontrollmaßnahmen erforderlich, um die Sicherheit der so exponierten Personen sicherzustellen, von denen eine die Durchführung einer geeigneten medizinischen Überwachung vor und während der Exposition ist.
Ziel dieser Internationalen Norm ist, die für solche Expositionen Verantwortlichen bei der Fällung von Entscheidungen über das geeignete Niveau der medizinischen Überwachung in unterschiedlichen Situationen zu unterstützen. Die Norm sollte im Zusammenhang mit anderen einschlägigen Anleitungen und gesetzlichen bzw. Verwaltungsbestim-mungen gelesen und angewendet werden.
Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - Surveillance médicale des personnes exposées à la chaleur ou au froid extrêmes (ISO 12894:2001)
Les études en laboratoire ou en chambre climatique pour lesquelles la présente Norme internationale sera applicable sont celles au cours desquelles des personnes peuvent être exposées à des conditions thermiques ambiantes élevées ou basses, ou à un réchauffement ou refroidissement local. Ces études peuvent par exemple analyser les réactions physiologiques ou psychophysiques à l'environnement, ou les avantages fournis par des vêtements ou autre équipement de protection individuelle. Les recherches scientifiques et démonstrations pour enseigner les objectifs sont incluses. Dans certains pays, de telles études sont soumises à une législation spécifique et il convient, dans tous les cas, que les expositions expérimentales soient conduites dans le cadre de critères éthiques acceptés, comme détaillés dans les conventions nationales et internationales applicables (voir annexe A et Bibliographie). Les ambiances extrêmes peuvent ne constituer qu'un des éléments de la contrainte physiologique totale imposée dans une étude. Dans ce cas, il convient également d'obtenir un avis approprié pour ce qui concerne la surveillance médicale requise avant d'exposer le sujet aux autres facteurs de contrainte impliqués, par exemple la vibration du corps entier. Dans certains cas, des études ergonomiques sont effectuées sur le site, par exemple pour établir la contrainte physiologique induite par certaines activités. Si la contrainte globale induite par une tâche est augmentée du fait de l'étude proposée, la présente Norme internationale est applicable. La présente Norme internationale n'est pas applicable à l'utilisation d'une hypothermie ou d'une hyperthermie comme moyen d'examen ou de traitement médical.
Ergonomija toplotnega okolja - Zdravstveni nadzor oseb, ki so izpostavljene izjemno vročim ali hladnim okoljem (ISO 12894:2001)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2003
(UJRQRPLMDWRSORWQHJDRNROMD=GUDYVWYHQLQDG]RURVHENLVRL]SRVWDYOMHQH
L]MHPQRYURþLPDOLKODGQLPRNROMHP ,62
Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of individuals exposed to
extreme hot or cold environments (ISO 12894:2001)
Ergonomie des Umgebungsklimas - Medizinische Überwachung von Personen, die einer
extrem heißen oder kalten Umgebung ausgesetzt sind (ISO 12894:2001)
Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - Surveillance médicale des personnes exposées
a la chaleur ou au froid extremes (ISO 12894:2001)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12894:2001
ICS:
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 12894
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2001
ICS 13.100; 13.180
English version
Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Medical supervision of
individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments (ISO
12894:2001)
Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - Surveillance Ergonomie des Umgebungsklimas - Medizinische
médicale des personnes exposées à la chaleur ou au froid Überwachung von Personen, die einer extrem heißen oder
extrêmes (ISO 12894:2001) kalten Umgebung ausgesetzt sind (ISO 12894:2001)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 June 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12894:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
CORRECTED 2001-11-07
Foreword
The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 "Ergonomics" of
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as an European
Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 "Ergonomics", the secretariat of which is held
by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2001, and conflicting
national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2001.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard ISO 12894:2001 was approved by CEN as a European
Standard without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12894
First edition
2001-06-15
Ergonomics of the thermal environment —
Medical supervision of individuals exposed
to extreme hot or cold environments
Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques — Surveillance médicale des
personnes exposées à la chaleur ou au froid extrêmes
Reference number
ISO 12894:2001(E)
©
ISO 2001
ISO 12894:2001(E)
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ii © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved
ISO 12894:2001(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Principles of medical supervision of individuals .2
4.1 General.2
4.2 Ergonomic investigations.3
4.3 Occupational exposure .5
Annex A (informative) General principles underlying ergonomic investigations in which volunteer
subjects may experience discomfort .6
Annex B (informative) Medical effects of exposure to hot and cold.9
Annex C (informative) Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot environments in the
laboratory .13
Annex D (informative) Medical supervision of individuals exposed to cold environments in the
laboratory .18
Annex E (informative) Practical requirements of medical supervision in the laboratory, or during field
studies with volunteers not normally exposed .23
Annex F (informative) Occupational exposures to extreme heat and cold.25
Bibliography.29
ISO 12894:2001(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 12894 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergomomics, Subcommittee
SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment.
Annexes A to F of this International Standard are for information only.
iv © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved
ISO 12894:2001(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is one of a group of standards which specify methods for measuring and evaluating hot,
moderate and cold thermal environments. International Standards or Technical Reports, which describe the
evaluation of hot and cold thermal environments, give advice on the acceptability of these environments for human
exposure, taking account of the activity level and the effects of clothing worn. That advice is given on the basis that
the individuals concerned are healthy, that is, without any medical factor which might predispose them to ill effects
from the thermal environment. Furthermore, biological variability prevents the accurate prediction of the response
of any particular individual to climatic extremes. For these reasons, it is necessary to provide appropriate medical
supervision for individuals who are to be exposed to extreme thermal environments. This International Standard
describes a method to determine the degree of medical supervision relevant to different types of exposure, in order
to limit the risk of any individual suffering from ill health.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12894:2001(E)
Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Medical supervision of
individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments
1 Scope
This International Standard provides advice to those concerned with the safety of human exposures to extreme hot
or cold thermal environments. Extreme thermal environments are those which result in a high rate of heat gain or
loss by the body. A precise definition of such environments cannot easily be given, as the change in body heat
storage depends on clothing and activity as well as the parameters of the climatic environment. As a guide, the
boundaries of extreme environments might be considered to be as follows: for hot environments, a wet bulb globe
temperature of 25 °C; for cold environments an air temperature of 0 °C or below.
Extreme environments can only be tolerated for limited periods of time before a risk of ill health results. Control
measures are necessary to ensure the safety of those so exposed, one of which is the provision of appropriate
medical supervision prior to and during exposures.
This International Standard is intended to assist those with responsibility for such exposures to reach decisions
about the appropriate level of medical supervision in different situations. This International Standard should be read
and used in the context of other relevant guidance and legislation.
This guidance is applicable to laboratory and occupational exposures to extreme environments. In either case an
assessment should be made of the expected thermal stress on the individual, but the detailed arrangements for
medical supervision will differ. Control of occupational exposures must also satisfy national health and safety
legislation.
The laboratory or climatic chamber studies for which this International Standard will be relevant include those in
which people may be exposed to high or low ambient conditions or local heating or cooling. Studies may, for
example, investigate physiological or psychophysical responses to the environment or the benefit of clothing or
other protective equipment. Scientific investigations and demonstrations for teaching purposes are included in the
scope. In some countries, such studies are subject to specific legislation and, in all cases, experimental exposures
should be conducted in the context of accepted ethical criteria as detailed in relevant national and international
statements (see informative annex A and the bibliography).
Extremes of environment may be only one component of the total physiological stress imposed in a study. In such
cases, appropriate advice must also be obtained with regard to any medical supervision required prior to exposure
to the other stressors involved, for example whole body vibration.
In some cases, ergonomic investigations are conducted in the field, for example, to document the physiological
stress of particular occupations. If the overall stress of the task is increased as a result of the proposed study, this
International Standa
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