EN 50272-3:2002
(Main)Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 3: Traction batteries
Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 3: Traction batteries
This standard applies to secondary batteries and battery installations used for electric vehicles, e.g. in electric industrial trucks (including - lift trucks, tow trucks, cleaning machines, automatic guided vehicles), in battery powered locomotives, in electric road vehicles (e.g. passenger and goods vehicles, golf carts, bicycles, wheelchairs). The nominal voltages are limited to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. respectively and describe the principal measures for protection against hazards generally from electricity, gas emission and electrolyte. It provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the installation, use, inspection, maintenance and disposal of batteries. It covers lead-acid, nickel cadmium and other alkaline secondary batteries. NOTE It is intended to amend this standard to include other battery systems when they become available.
Sicherheitsanforderungen an Batterien und Batterieanlagen - Teil 3: Antriebsbatterien für Elektrofahrzeuge
Règles de sécurité pour les batteries et les installations de batteries - Partie 3: Batteries de traction
Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 3: Traction batteries
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2003
Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 3:
Traction batteries
Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations -- Part 3: Traction
batteries
Sicherheitsanforderungen an Batterien und Batterieanlagen -- Teil 3: Antriebsbatterien
für Elektrofahrzeuge
Règles de sécurité pour les batteries et les installations de batteries -- Partie 3: Batteries
de traction
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50272-3:2002
ICS:
29.220.20 .LVOLQVNLVHNXQGDUQLþOHQLLQ Acid secondary cells and
EDWHULMH batteries
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50272-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2002
ICS 29.220.20
English version
Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations
Part 3: Traction batteries
Règles de sécurité pour les batteries Sicherheitsanforderungen an Batterien
et les installations de batteries und Batterieanlagen
Partie 3: Batteries de traction Teil 3: Antriebsbatterien für
Elektrofahrzeuge
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2002-07-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2002 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50272-3:2002 E
Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 21X, Secondary cells and
batteries.
The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50272-3 on
2002-07-01.
The following dates were fixed:
- latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2003-07-01
- latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2005-07-01
- 3 - EN 50272-3:2002
Contents
1 Scope.4
2 Normative references.4
3 Definitions.5
4 Protection against electric shock.6
5 Prevention of short circuits and protection from other effects of electric current .8
6 Provisions against explosion hazards by ventilation.9
7 Provision against electrolyte hazard.12
8 Battery containers and enclosures.12
9 Accommodation for charging maintenance.13
10 Battery peripheral equipment/accessories.13
11 Identification labels, warning notices and instructions for use, installation and maintenance .15
12 Transportation, storage, disposal and environmental aspects.16
13 Inspection and monitoring .16
Table 1.10
1 Scope
This standard applies to secondary batteries and battery installations used for electric vehicles, e.g. in
electric industrial trucks (including - lift trucks, tow trucks, cleaning machines, automatic guided vehicles), in
battery powered locomotives, in electric road vehicles (e.g. passenger and goods vehicles, golf carts,
bicycles, wheelchairs).
The nominal voltages are limited to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. respectively and describe the principal
measures for protection against hazards generally from electricity, gas emission and electrolyte.
It provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the installation, use, inspection, maintenance and
disposal of batteries.
It covers lead-acid, nickel cadmium and other alkaline secondary batteries.
NOTE It is intended to amend this standard to include other battery systems when they become available.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references
the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 166 1995 Personal eye-protection - Specifications
EN 1175-1 1998 Safety of electrical trucks - Electrical requirements
Part 1: General requirements for battery powered trucks
EN 1987-1 1987 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Specific requirements for safety -
Part 1: On board energy storage
EN 60204-1 1986 Electrical equipment of industrial machines
Part 1: General requirements
EN 60900 1993 Hand tools for live working up to 1 kV a.c. and 1,5 kV d.c.
EN 61140 2001 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installation and
equipment (IEC 61140:1997)
EN 61429 1996 Marking of secondary cells and batteries with the international recycling
+ A11 1998 symbol ISO 7000-1135 and indications regarding directives 93/86/EEC and
91/157/EEC
HD 22.1 S3 1997 Rubber insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450 V/750 V -
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60364-4-41 1992 Electrical installations of buildings -
Part 4: Protection for safety -
Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock
IEC 60050-486 1991 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary -
Chapter 486: Secondary cells and batteries
IEC/TR3 61431 1995 Guide for the use of monitor systems for lead-acid traction batteries
ISO 7000 1989 Graphical symbols for use on equipment - Index and synopsis
- 5 - EN 50272-3:2002
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard the following definitions apply.
3.1
(secondary) cell; (rechargeable) cell; single cell
an assembly of electrodes and electrolyte which constitutes the basic unit of a secondary battery
(see IEV 60050: 486-01-02)
NOTE This assembly is contained in an individual case and closed by a cover.
3.2
lead-acid cell or battery
a secondary battery in which the electrodes are made mainly from lead and the electrolyte is a sulphuric acid
solution (H SO ) (see IEV 60050: 486-01-04)
2 4
3.3
nickel-cadmium cell or battery
an alkaline secondary battery in which the positive material is made mainly from nickel and the negative
material is made mainly from cadmium (see IEV 60050: 486-01-07). The electrolyte is an alkaline solution
(potassium hydroxide, KOH)
3.4
vented (secondary) cell
a secondary cell having a cover provided with an opening through which gaseous products may escape
(see IEV 60050: 486-01-18)
3.5
valve regulated (secondary) cell
a secondary cell which is closed under normal conditions but has an arrangement which allows the escape
of gas if the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value. The cell cannot normally receive addition to
the electrolyte (see IEV 60050: 486-01-20)
3.6
gas-tight sealed (secondary) cell
a secondary cell which remains closed and does not release either gas or liquid when operated within the
limits of charge and temperature specified by the manufacturer. The cell may be equipped with a safety
device to prevent dangerously high internal pressure.
The cell does not require addition to the electrolyte and is designed to operate during its life in its original
sealed state (see IEV 60050: 486-01-21)
3.7
secondary battery
two or more secondary cells connected together and used as a source of electrical energy
(see IEV 60050: 486-01-03)
3.8
traction battery
a secondary battery which is designed to provide the propulsion energy for electric vehicles
3.9
monobloc battery
a secondary battery in which the plate packs are fitted in a multi-compartment container
(see IEV 60050: 486-01-17)
3.10
electrolyte
a liquid or solid phase containing mobile ions which render the phase ionically conductive
(see IEV 60050: 486-02-19)
3.11
gassing; gas emission
the formation of gas produced by electrolysis of the electrolyte (see IEV 60050: 486-03-24)
3.12
charge; charging (of a battery)
An operation during which a battery receives from an external circuit electrical energy which is converted into
chemical energy (see IEV 60050: 486-01-11)
3.13
equalisation charge
extended charge which ensures complete charging of all cells in a battery
3.14
opportunity charging
the use of free time during a work period to top up the charge and thus extend the work period of a battery
whilst avoiding excessive discharge
3.15
overcharge; overcharging (of a cell or battery)
continued charging after the full charge of a cell or battery (see IEV 60050: 486-03-35)
3.16
discharge; discharging (of a battery)
an operation during which a battery delivers current to an external circuit by the conversion of chemical
energy into electrical energy (see IEV 60050: 486-01-12)
3.17
battery peripheral equipment
equipment installed on the battery, which supports or monitors the operation of the battery, e.g. central water
filling system, electrolyte agitation system, battery monitoring system, central de-gassing system, battery
connectors (plugs and sockets), thermal management system, etc
3.18
charging room
a room or closed area intended specifically for recharging batteries. The room may also be used for battery
maintenance
3.19
charging area
an open area designated and made suitable for recharging batteries. The area may also be used for battery
maintenance
4 Protection against electric shock
Measures shall be taken on batteries and in battery charging installations for protection against direct
contact and indirect contact, or against both direct or indirect contact. These measures are described
in detail in IEC 60364-4-41 specifying the protection against electric shock on installations up to
1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. The following clauses describe the typical measures to be taken for
traction batteries in electrical vehicles.
4.1 Protection against both direct and indirect contact
Protection against direct and indirect contact is simultaneously met by the use of safety extra low
voltage (SELV) (24 V d.c.) or protective extra low voltage (PELV) (24 V d.c.), as long as the whole
installation corresponds to the conditions for SELV or PELV.
- 7 - EN 50272-3:2002
For protection against direct contact the following protective measures apply:
- protection by insulation of live parts;
- protection by barriers or enclosures;
- protection by obstacles.
(see IEC 60364-4-41,412.1 to 412.3).
For protection against indirect contact the following measures can be selected:
- protection by automatic disconnection or signalling;
- protection by protective insulation;
- protection by earth-free local equipotential bonding;
- protective electrical separation.
4.2 Protection against direct and indirect contact when discharging the traction battery on
the vehicle (battery disconnected from charger / mains)
4.2.1 Batteries with nominal voltages up to and including 60 V d.c. do not require protection against
electric shock caused by direct contact, as long as the whole installation corresponds to the conditions
for SELV and PELV.
However, for other reasons, e.g. short circuits, mechanical damage, all batteries in electrical vehicles
require protection against direct contact of live parts, even if the battery nominal voltage is 60 V d.c. or
less.
4.2.2 Batteries with nominal voltages from above 60 V d.c. and up to and including 120 V d.c. require
protective measures against direct contact.
NOTE Batteries with nominal voltages up to and including 120 V d.c. are regarded as safe power sources for SELV-systems
(safety extra low voltage) or PELV-systems (protective extra low voltage) (see IEC 60364-4-41,411.1).
The following protective measures apply:
a) insulation of live parts;
b) barriers or enclosures;
...
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