SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
(Main)Railway applications - Air conditioning for driving cabs - Part 2: Type tests
Railway applications - Air conditioning for driving cabs - Part 2: Type tests
This European Standard is applicable to railway vehicle driving cabs which are air-conditioned or heated/ventilated. These include: - locomotives; - mainline, suburban or regional vehicles; - urban vehicles such as metros and trams. This European Standard does not consider the special operational requirements of shunt locomotives. This European Standard specifies the comfort parameter measurement methods for driving cabs. The comfort parameters and their tolerances cited in this European Standard are defined in EN 14813-1.
Bahnanwendungen - Luftbehandlung in Führerräumen - Teil 2: Typprüfungen
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Führerstände, die klimatisiert oder mit einer Heizungs-/Lüftungsanlage ausgerüstet sind, von:
- Lokomotiven;
- Fahrzeugen des Fernverkehrs, Nahverkehrs und Regionalverkehrs;
- Fahrzeugen des Stadtverkehrs wie U-Bahnen und Straßenbahnen.
Diese Europäische Norm berücksichtigt nicht die besonderen betrieblichen Erfordernisse von Verschub-lokomotiven.
Diese Europäische Norm legt Verfahren zum Nachweis der Behaglichkeitsparameter für Führerstände fest.
Die in dieser Europäischen Norm zitierten Behaglichkeitsparameter und ihre Toleranzen sind in EN 14813-1 festgelegt.
Applications ferroviaires - Conditionnement de l'air pour cabines de conduite - Partie 2: Essais de type
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux cabines de conduite équipées d'un système de conditionnement d’air
ou de chauffage ventilé. Ces cabines sont celles des :
- locomotives ;
- véhicules de grandes lignes, de banlieue ou régionaux ;
- véhicules urbains tels que les métros et les tramways.
La présente Norme européenne ne prend pas en compte les exigences de fonctionnement spécifiques
des locomotives de manoeuvre.
Cette Norme européenne précise les méthodes de mesure des paramètres de bien-être des cabines de conduite.
Les paramètres de bien-être et leurs tolérances cités dans la présente Norme européenne sont définis
dans l’EN 14813-1.
Železniške naprave - Klimatske naprave v vozniških kabinah - 2. del: Preskusi tipa
Ta evropski standard velja za vozniške kabine železniških vozil s klimatskimi napravami ali ogrevanjem/prezračevanjem. Ta zajemajo: - lokomotive; - glavne, predmestne in regionalne vlake; - mestne vlake, kot so metroji in tramvaji. Ta evropski standard ne upošteva posebnih operativnih zahtev ranžirnih lokomotiv. Ta evropski standard določa merilne metode za merjenje parametrov udobja za vozniške kabine. Parametri udobja in njihova odstopanja, navedeni v tem evropskem standardu, so opredeljeni v EN 14813-1.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Železniške naprave - Klimatske naprave v vozniških kabinah - 2. del: Preskusi tipaBahnanwendungen - Luftbehandlung in Führerräumen - Teil 2: TypprüfungenApplications ferroviaires - Conditionnement de l'air pour cabines de conduite - Partie 2: Essais de typeRailway applications - Air conditioning for driving cabs - Part 2: Type tests45.060.01Železniška vozila na splošnoRailway rolling stock in general23.120QDSUDYHVentilators. Fans. Air-conditionersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010en,fr,de01-december-2010SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14813-2:2006+A1
November 2010 ICS 45.060.10 Supersedes EN 14813-2:2006English Version
Railway applications - Air conditioning for driving cabs - Part 2: Type tests
Applications ferroviaires - Conditionnement de l'air pour cabines de conduite - Partie 2: Essais de type
Bahnanwendungen - Luftbehandlung in Führerräumen - Teil 2: Typprüfungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 June 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 28 September 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010: ESIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4Introduction .51Scope .62Normative references .63Terms and definitions .64Test classification .65Preliminary verifications .76Comfort tests .76.1Air movement tests.76.1.1General remarks.76.1.2Air flow rates .76.1.3Pressure differentials (visualisation) .76.2Measurement of air speeds .76.3Thermal comfort.77Climatic tests .87.1General remarks.87.2Preheating test .87.2.1Test level TL1 .87.2.2Test level TL2 .87.3Precooling test .87.3.1Test level TL1 .87.3.2Test level TL2 .87.4Regulation test .98Tests at extreme exterior operating conditions .99Complementary tests .99.1Determination of the coefficient k .99.1.1Purpose of the test .99.1.2Definition .99.1.3Procedure .99.2Thermography . 109.3Noise emission . 109.4Vibration generation . 1010Methods of measurement – Measuring instruments . 1010.1General remark . 1010.2Temperatures . 1010.2.1Air temperature . 10SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 3 10.2.2Surface temperatures . 1010.3Relative humidity . 1110.4Air speed . 1110.5Airflow rate . 1110.6Simulated speed of the vehicle . 1110.7Equivalent solar load . 1110.8Energy consumption and power rating . 1111Characteristics of the test equipment . 1111.1General remarks . 1111.2Occupation . 1111.3Equivalent solar load . 1211.3.1General . 1211.3.2Solar load calculation . 1211.3.3Front window area . 1311.3.4Wall area . 1311.3.5Roof area . 1312Distribution of measuring points . 1412.1General . 1412.2Measuring points in the driving cab . 1412.3Climatic chamber sensor distribution . 14Annex A (normative)
Test programme for TL1 . 15Annex B (normative)
Test programme for TL2 . 17Annex C (normative)
Equivalent solar load . 23Annex D (normative)
Location of the measuring points in a driving cab . 24Annex E (normative)
Location of the temperature sensors in the test chamber . 26Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the interoperability of the rail system within the Community (Recast)"""" . 27 SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 "Railway applications", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2010-09-28. This document supersedes EN 14813-2:2006. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". !This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document." This series of European Standard includes the following parts: EN 14813-1, Railway applications — Air conditioning for driving cabs — Part 1: Comfort parameters EN 14813-2, Railway applications — Air conditioning for driving cabs — Part 2: Type tests In the context of this series, there are two further series on air conditioning in rolling stock: EN 13129-1, Railway applications — Air conditioning for main line rolling stock — Part 1: Comfort parameters EN 13129-2, Railway applications — Air conditioning for main line rolling stock — Part 2: Type tests EN 14750-1 Railway applications — Air conditioning for urban and suburban rolling stock — Part 1: Comfort parameters EN 14750-2 Railway applications — Air conditioning for urban and suburban rolling stock — Part 2: Type tests According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 5 Introduction The object of this European Standard is to establish programmes and test methods to verify the air conditioning installations as described in EN 14813-1. If necessary, the revised requirements due to operating constraints of the vehicle will be detailed in the contractual specification. This European Standard applies if there is no particular clause in the contractual specification. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 6
1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to railway vehicle driving cabs which are air-conditioned or heated/ventilated. These include: locomotives; mainline, suburban or regional vehicles; urban vehicles such as metros and trams. This European Standard does not consider the special operational requirements of shunt locomotives. This European Standard specifies the comfort parameter measurement methods for driving cabs. The comfort parameters and their tolerances cited in this European Standard are defined in EN 14813-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14813-1:2006, Railway applications — Air conditioning for driving cabs — Part 1: Comfort parameters EN ISO 3381, Railway applications — Acoustics — Measurement of noise inside railbound vehicles (ISO 3381:2005) EN ISO 7726:2001, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Instruments for measuring physical quantities (ISO 7726:1998) CIE 85, Solar spectral irradiance1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14813-1:2006 apply. 4 Test classification Two levels of testing are detailed in this European Standard. TL1 is a simplified level that gives principle information about the functionality of the system. It does not aim to verify the comfort parameters and performance of the system. It can be done in a workshop or at a yard. TL2 is a full level test to verify the comfort parameters and the performance of the system. This test shall be performed in a climatic chamber or in an appropriate environment. The operator shall detail in his contractual specification the test classification.
1) To be purchased from: International Commission of Illumination, CIE Central Bureau, Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Wien. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 7 In the absence of any detail, the full level of testing (TL2) shall apply. If not stated otherwise, the following test requirements apply to both TL1 and TL2. 5 Preliminary verifications It is advised that preliminary tests are carried out to verify the electrical and electronic assemblies, the functional logic of the control system, the air tightness of the air distribution system, the water tightness of the car, the thermal capacity of the air conditioning equipment and so on. These verifications should be conducted before proceeding to the comfort test. 6 Comfort tests 6.1 Air movement tests2) 6.1.1 General remarks The tests shall be carried out under the following conditions: vehicle stationary and protected from rain; altitude < 1 000 m above sea level; exterior air speed between 0 km/h and 5 km/h; exterior temperature between + 15 °C and + 30 °C. In the case of different altitude and exterior temperature, correction shall be made. 6.1.2 Air flow rates The flow rates of outside air (fresh air) shall be measured in accordance with 10.5. 6.1.3 Pressure differentials (visualisation) If appropriate, this can be shown up by the movement of smoke between the two relative areas. The visualisation shall be made for driving cabs to verify that the air conditioning installation is well designed by preventing the transfer of smoke to a non-smoking area. 6.2 Measurement of air speeds These tests shall be carried out during the climatic tests without the simulation of the thermal and volumetric effects of occupation (the necessary heating elements, humidification and ventilation equipment can affect the measurement inside the comfort envelope). Measuring points shall be according to Annex D. 6.3 Thermal comfort It is recommended for a detail analysis of thermal comfort to use thermal mannequins.
2) This is applicable for TL1 and TL2. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 8 7 Climatic tests 7.1 General remarks Annex A defines the test programme for level TL1. Theses tests are only carried out on a stationary vehicle at air speed as defined in Annex A. Annex B defines a minimum schedule of tests for level TL2 which enables the verification of comfort parameters defined in EN 14813-1. The order of the tests is not obligatory but shall be compatible with the physical conditions of the test and the means of measurement. Throughout the tests, all the values at the measuring points defined in Clause 11 shall be recorded continuously, as well as the energy consumption and the power absorbed by the air conditioning installation itself, and the whole of the vehicle. Should other requirement such as for example the doors, the power supply, the lighting etc., need to be tested, these tests shall not interfere in any way with the tests on the air conditioning equipment installed. 7.2 Preheating test 7.2.1 Test level TL1 The test conditions for preheating are defined in Annex A. Before the start of the preheating test, the interior temperatures of the air and the interior surfaces shall be within ± 2 K of the exterior air temperature for at least 15 min. It is anticipated that the temperature stabilisation process may take up to 8 h. 7.2.2 Test level TL2 The test conditions for preheating are defined in Annex B. Before the start of the preheating test, the interior temperatures of the air and the interior surfaces shall be within ± 1 K of the exterior air temperature for at least 15 min. 7.3 Precooling test 7.3.1 Test level TL1 The test conditions for precooling are defined in Annex A. Before the start of the precooling test, the interior temperatures of the air and the interior surfaces shall be within ± 2 K of the exterior air temperature for at least 15 min. At this time, before starting the precooling test, the artificial sunlight equipment or equivalent heating power shall be switched on for 2 h, corresponding to the values given in Annex D of EN 14813-1:2006, with doors and windows closed. 7.3.2 Test level TL2 The test conditions for precooling are defined in Annex B. Before the start of the precooling test, the interior temperatures of the air and the interior surfaces shall be within ± 1 K of the exterior air temperature for at least 15 min. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 9 At this time, before starting the precooling test, the artificial sunlight equipment or equivalent heating power shall be switched on for 2 h, corresponding to the values given in Annex D of EN 14813-1:2006, with all doors and windows closed. 7.4 Regulation test The test conditions are defined in Annex A and Annex B. Starting from stabilised operation (see EN 14813-1:2006, 3.34), after a changing of a parameter (interior or exterior), wait 60 min or three similar consecutive control cycles, then the results obtained shall be in accordance with the requirements defined in EN 14813-1. 8 Tests at extreme exterior operating conditions The operation of the air conditioning equipment, when installed on the vehicle, shall be checked at the extreme operating temperatures defined in EN 14813-1:2006, 6.3. For TL1, these tests may be carried out on the air conditioning equipment only. 9 Complementary tests 9.1 Determination of the coefficient k 9.1.1 Purpose of the test The coefficient k characterises the thermal quality of a driving cab (efficiency of the insulation). The test shall be carried out only at TL2. The test conditions are defined in Annex B. 9.1.2 Definition The global coefficient k is defined by the following equation: ()TemTime−×=APk where the surface Ae is the developed exterior surface of the assembly including walls, ceiling, floor and ends of the structure for all or part of the driving cab under consideration. This shall include windows, doors and openings; P is the thermal power released inside the driving cab, necessary to maintain constantly the difference in absolute value between the interior temperature (Tim) measured at 0,8 m above the seat reference point according to Annex D, and the mean exterior temperature (Tem). 9.1.3 Procedure The openings for fresh air and exhaust air are sealed, but not insulated. The air conditioning installation is isolated. The vehicle is without power (except for the batteries). The doors and the windows are closed. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 10 It is necessary to provide a heating installation independent of that of the cab, controllable to a low output and distributed in the driving cab. The uniformity of the temperatures inside the vehicle shall be achieved by fans. The power consumption of the heaters and the fans shall be recorded separately. All the measured data shall be recorded at least once per minute. The value of the temperature difference Tim-Tem shall be 25 K ± 5 K. It is recommended to carry out this test with Tem = + 5 °C ± 2 K. The output of the heating system and of the ventilation is maintained constant; the determination of the coefficient k is possible after stabilisation of the temperatures: values of Tem and Tim-Tem shall be determined and averaged over a period of 30 min. The variation of these values, over a minimum period of 3 h shall be less than 0,1 K; range of temperatures relating to different points of measurement (interior and exterior) shall be less than 2 K. The coefficient k is calculated using the measurements taken during the last hour of stabilisation of temperatures. 9.2 Thermography The thermographic test is recommended for evaluation of the thermal quality of the vehicle. 9.3 Noise emission The measurement of noise shall be carried out with the air conditioning installation functioning in the same modes than at the extreme summer temperature of the zone considered in EN 14813-1:2006, Annex D and Annex E, and in accordance with EN ISO 3381. 9.4 Vibration generation The measurement of vibration shall be carried out on a stationary vehicle with the air conditioning installation functioning at a level which corresponds to the requirements of the contractual specification. 10 Methods of measurement – Measuring instruments 10.1 General remark Continuous recording should be carried out, taking as a base a minimum of sampling rates of one measurement per minute for all the values recorded. 10.2 Temperatures 10.2.1 Air temperature The measuring devices shall be class S according to EN ISO 7726:2001, Table 2, and have a maximum drift of ± 0,25 K over the duration of recording. 10.2.2 Surface temperatures In respect of the walls, and in order to measure the real temperature of the relevant surface, precautions shall be taken to protect against external influences such as radiation, convection and transmission of heat. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 11 The class of measuring devices shall be identical to that in 10.2.1. 10.3 Relative humidity The measuring devices shall be class C according to EN ISO 7726:2001, Table 2. 10.4 Air speed Continuous recording should be carried out, taking as a base sampling rate of at least one measurement per second for a minimum period of 1 min. For the purpose of quantifying the variations in speed, the calculation of arithmetic averages, as well as that of the standard deviations for that period shall be carried out. The measuring devices shall be class C of EN ISO 7726:2001, Table 2. 10.5 Airflow rate The airflow shall be determined using a system of measurement which enables the recording of results with a minimum accuracy of 10 %; it is not necessary to carry out a continuous recording of these measurements. At the same time the exterior temperature and the barometric pressure should be recorded. 10.6 Simulated speed of the vehicle The speed of the air around the vehicle is determined by a calibrated system of measurement which enables the recording of results with a minimum accuracy of ± 1 m/s. 10.7 Equivalent solar load The measurement of the equivalent solar load is achieved by a calibrated system of measurement. This measurement is carried out in accordance with the procedure described in Annex C. 10.8 Energy consumption and power rating The measurements shall be carried out using instruments having an accuracy of within 1 %. 11 Characteristics of the test equipment 11.1 General remarks If the tests are performed in a climatic chamber, this chamber shall be approved by a certification organisation. The tolerances of the exterior temperature, exterior relative humidity and exterior air velocity stated in Annex A and Annex B shall be maintained throughout the tests. 11.2 Occupation The simulation of the occupation, total or partial, of the conditioned space is to be achieved in accordance with the curves of EN 14813-1:2006, Annex C. For the simulation of the sensible heat, it is necessary to use heating equipment of low radiance whose surface temperature is less than + 40 °C. The simulation of the latent heat is carried out by the production of water vapour. The sensible heat introduced by the equipment producing the vapour is to be incorporated in the total balance of sensible heat. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 12 11.3 Equivalent solar load 11.3.1 General If available, the equipment which simulates the equivalent solar load based on the index of terrestrial radiation (global solar load) of 1 120 W/m2 in accordance with the CIE 85 shall be composed of lamps whose characteristics comply with Table 1. Table 1 — Characteristics of solar radiation lamps Wavelength Total radiation compared with terrestrial radiation given in CIE 85 Allowable variation Nanometer % % 280 to 400 6,1 ± 3 400 to 800 51,8 ± 5 800 to 3 000 42,1 ± 5
Only for TL1, if solar radiation lamps with the setup according to Annex C are not available, the equivalent solar load may be simulated by the following method: external panel of incandescence or halogen lamps, as the preferred solution; evenly distributed floor-mounted heating elements within the cab, whose capacity is calculated by the approximate method given in 11.3.2, 11.3.3, 11.3.4 and 11.3.5. The maximum power of each heating element shall not exceed 500 W. 11.3.2 Solar load calculation DS,WS,FS,SQQQQ++= where QS is the total solar load, in W; QS,F
is the solar load of the window area, in W; QS,W
is the solar load of the side wall area, in W; QS,D
is the solar load of the roof area, in W. SIST EN 14813-2:2007+A1:2010
EN 14813-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 13 11.3.3 Front window area ()β−°×××=××=30cosnFFWS,FFFS,EdAqdAQ where AF is the front window area, in m2; dF is the overall transmission factor of the windows 0,3 to 0,8; qS,W is the heat load due to solar radiation
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