oSIST prEN 13452-1:2023

Railway applications - Braking - Urban rail brake systems - Part 1: Requirements and definitions

This document specifies basic requirements and definitions for a brake system for use in urban rail vehicles.
Note: Urban rail vehicles are defined in EN17343.
This document is applicable to:
- tram vehicles and light rail vehicles;
- metro vehicles with steel wheels;
- metro vehicles with rubber tyred wheels;
- other urban rail vehicles.
This document does not apply to special transport systems, e.g. suspended monorail, rack and pinion lines, isolated operations such as scenic railways, special duty vehicles, etc.Compliance with the functional and performance requirements defined in this document is verified by testing in accordance with EN 13452-2.

Bahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Bremssysteme städtischer Schienenbahnen - Teil 1: Anforderungen und Definitionen

Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Systèmes de freinage des transports publics urbains et suburbains - Partie 1: Exigences de performances

Železniške naprave - Zavore - Zavorni sistemi za mestno železnico - 1. del: Zahteve in definicije

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 30-Apr-2023
• ICS: 45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering
• ICS: 45.140 - Metro, tram and light rail equipment
• Technical Committee: IŽNP - Reilway applications
• Current Stage: 4020 - Public enquire (PE) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 22-Feb-2023
• Due Date: 12-Jul-2023
• Completion Date: 21-Apr-2023
• Mandate: M/486 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to the European standardisation bodies in the field of urban rail
• Ref Project: prEN 13452-1 - Railway applications - Braking - Urban rail brake systems - Part 1: Requirements and definitions

Relations

• Revises: SIST EN 13452-1:2004 - Railway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems - Part 1: Performance requirements
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Revised: SIST EN 13452-1:2004 - Railway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems - Part 1: Performance requirements
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13452-1:2023
01-april-2023
Železniške naprave - Zavore - Zavorni sistemi za mestno železnico - 1. del: Zahteve
in definicije
Railway applications - Braking - Urban rail brake systems - Part 1: Requirements and
definitions
Bahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Bremssysteme städtischer Schienenbahnen - Teil 1:
Anforderungen und Definitionen
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Systèmes de freinage des transports publics
urbains et suburbains - Partie 1: Exigences de performances
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13452-1
ICS:
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
45.140 Oprema za podzemne vlake, Metro, tram and light rail
tramvaje in lahka tirna vozila equipment
oSIST prEN 13452-1:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 13452-1:2023

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oSIST prEN 13452-1:2023


DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 13452-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

February 2023
ICS Will supersede EN 13452-1:2003
English Version

Railway applications - Braking - Urban rail brake systems -
Part 1: Requirements and definitions
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Systèmes de Bahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Bremssysteme des
freinage des transports publics urbains et suburbains - öffentlichen Nahverkehrs - Teil 1: Anforderungen an
Partie 1: Exigences de performances das Leistungsvermögen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13452-1:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page

European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols . 8
5 Design principles . 8
5.1 Brake system . 8
5.1.1 General. 8
5.1.2 Service braking . 9
5.1.3 Emergency braking . 9
5.1.4 Safety braking . 9
5.1.5 Holding brake . 9
5.1.6 Parking brake . 10
5.1.7 Wheelslide protection systems . 10
5.1.8 Sanding systems . 10
5.2 Environmental condition . 10
5.3 Loading criteria . 10
5.4 Braking fundamentals . 11
5.4.1 Available adhesion . 11
5.4.2 Stopping distances . 11
5.4.3 Pay load . 11
5.4.4 Power supply . 11
5.5 Operational requirements . 11
5.5.1 Passenger emergency alarm . 11
5.5.2 Driver vigilance system . 12
5.5.3 Train protection . 12
5.5.4 Coupling/decoupling . 12
5.6 Performance requirements . 12
5.6.1 Equivalent response time . 12
5.6.2 Stopping distance . 12
5.6.3 Operational performance requirements . 13
5.6.4 Comfort performances . 14
5.6.5 Guaranteed performances . 14
5.7 Brake system failure consequences . 14
5.7.1 General. 14
5.7.2 Design principles . 14
5.7.3 Auxiliary and monitoring facilities . 15
5.7.4 Loss of dynamic brake . 15
5.8 Automatic train control . 15
5.9 Brake system structure . 15
5.9.1 General. 15
5.9.2 Train brake control system . 16
5.9.3 Brake application system . 16
5.9.4 Brake components . 16
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5.9.5 Monitoring. 16
5.9.6 Brake test. 16
5.9.7 Isolation facilities . 17
6 Requirements for trams and light rail vehicles . 17
6.1 Characteristics for trams and light rail vehicles . 17
6.2 Brake system architecture . 17
6.3 Brake performance values . 18
6.3.1 General . 18
6.3.2 Operational performances . 18
6.4 Comfort performances . 18
6.5 Static performances . 19
6.5.1 Holding brake . 19
6.5.2 Parking brake . 19
6.6 Load levels . 19
6.7 Implementation . 19
7 Requirements for metro vehicles with steel wheels . 20
7.1 Characteristics for metro vehicles with steel wheels . 20
7.2 Brake system architecture . 20
7.3 Brake performance values . 21
7.3.1 General . 21
7.3.2 Operational performances . 21
7.3.3 Comfort performances . 21
7.3.4 Static performances . 22
7.4 Load levels . 22
7.5 Implementation . 23
8 Requirements for metro vehicles with rubber tyred wheels . 23
8.1 Characteristics for metro vehicles with rubber tyred wheels . 23
8.1.1 General . 23
8.1.2 Typical parameters . 23
8.2 Brake system architecture . 24
8.3 Brake performance values . 24
8.3.1 General . 24
8.3.2 Operational performances . 24
8.3.3 Comfort performances . 24
8.3.4 Static performances . 25
8.4 Load levels . 25
8.5 Implementation . 26
9 Requirements for other urban rail vehicles . 26
9.1 General . 26
9.2 Characteristics for other urban trains . 26
9.3 Brake system architecture . 27
9.4 Brake performance values . 27
9.4.1 General . 27
9.4.2 Operational performances . 27
9.4.3 Comfort performances . 27
9.4.4 Static performances . 28
9.5 Load levels . 28
9.6 Implementation . 29
Annex A (informative) Wheel slide protection recommendations . 30
Bibliography . 33
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European foreword
This document (prEN 13452-1:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
This document will supersede EN 13452-1:2003.
prEN 13452-1:2023 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
EN 13452-1:2003:
— normative references have been updated;
— requirements on design and specific vehicle type requirements have been revised;
— wheel slide protection recommendations have been added.
This series EN 13452, Railway applications — Braking – Urban rail brake systems consists of two parts:
— Part 1: Requirements and definitions
— Part 2: Test methods
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Introduction
Regarding the Europe-wide competition required, this European Standard will allow all prospective
bidders to propose or offer rolling stock meeting specified minimum requirements for braking
performances.
In case of railway vehicles operating on more than one system (e.g. tram-trains), the technical
specification (technical agreement between stakeholders) defines which requirements are valid in the
different portions of the systems.
If mentioned in this document, the technical specification defines particular parameters and specifies any
additional braking requirements.
Regarding Clause 9, which mainly concerns other urban rail vehicles, there might be borderline cases
which can also fall within the scope of EN 16185-1.
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1 Scope
This document specifies basic requirements and definitions for a brake system for use in urban rail
vehicles.
NOTE Urban rail vehicles are defined in EN 17343.
This document is applicable to:
— tram vehicles and light rail vehicles;
— metro vehicles with steel wheels;
— metro vehicles with rubber tyred wheels;
— other urban rail vehicles.
This document does not apply to special transport systems, e.g. suspended monorail, rack and pinion
lines, isolated operations such as scenic railways, special duty vehicles, etc.
Compliance with the functional and performance requirements defined in this document is verified by
testing in accordance with prEN 13452-2:2023.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14478, Railway applications - Braking - Generic vocabulary
EN 14531-1:2015+A1:2018, Railway applications - Methods for calculation of stopping and slowing
distances and immobilization braking - Part 1: General algorithms utilizing mean value calculation for train
sets or single vehicles
EN 14531-2, Railway applications - Methods for calculation of stopping and slowing distances and
immobilization braking - Part 2: Step by step calculations for train sets or single vehicles
EN 15663, Railway applications — Vehicle reference masses
EN 17343, Railway applications - General terms and definitions
EN 50125-1, Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 1: Rolling stock and on-
board equipment
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14478, EN 14531-1,
EN 14531-2, EN 17343 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
driver
human being in manual control of train motion, or automatic train control system
3.2
technical specification
project related document describing specific parameter and/or brake system requirements between a
customer and a supplier, as an addition to requirements of this standard
3.3
design specification
supplier’s project related document describing in detail the different functions of the brake system in
accordance with the requirements from the technical specification
Note 1 to entry: The design specification can be used as base for the test procedure document.
3.4
load compensation
adjustment of the braking force on a brake system in accordance with the load, with the objective of
maintaining the deceleration constant irrespective of load
3.5
maximum (average) jerk
change of deceleration measured and averaged within the time period t (build-up time) in accordance
ab
with EN 14531-1
3.6
maximum braking load
maximum load required for the specific braking function for which the brake is designed
Note 1 to entry: The technical specification can specify different value for the maximum braking load.
Note 2 to entry: Load condition can be lower than or equal to “design mass under exceptional payload” (MXD) as
defined in EN 15663.
3.7
brake equipment type
brake contributors with different characteristics (e.g. response time, way of operation…)
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4 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply:
2
a deceleration, expressed in m/s
s stopping distance, expressed in m, as defined in EN 14531
t time, expressed in s, as defined in EN 14531
t build-up time, from achieving a % to achieving b % of the established deceleration, expressed
ab
in s, as defined in EN 14478
v speed, expressed in m/s, as defined in EN 14531
5 Design principles
5.1 Brake system
5.1.1 General
If not specified otherwise in this document, the brake system is understood with all brake functions
active.
A brake system shall achieve the following objectives:
— to decelerate or stop a moving train;
— to maintain a train stationary;
— to control a train's speed on a downhill gradient.
The brake system shall be designed and built so that
— it is continuous, automatic and inexhaustible,
— it comprises an energize-to-release brake command line, as a minimum for the emergency braking
or the safety braking,
— the man machine interface shall provide at least two separate means for demanding an emergency
braking or safety braking application,
NOTE 1 If safety braking is implemented on the train, it is acceptable to have only one emergency braking
control mean and only one safety braking control mean.
— trains or train sets can be stopped without risk to passengers and third parties and with acceptable
levels of jerk at service braking,
— traction effort shall be cut off on the whole train while braking is requested,
NOTE 2 Some operating conditions can require to superpose traction and service braking, e.g. roll-back.
— the adhesion limit specified in 5.4.1 is only to be considered as a design criteria for the brake
calculation according to EN 14531-1, in order to ensure that the brake system can fulfil the
requirements of Clause 6 to Clause 9,
— thermal load conditions shall not exceed the thermal capacity of the involved brake equipment types.
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In achieving the above objectives, a number of functions shall be required, which are described below.
The means of achieving these functions shall be in accordance with the requirements defined in the
appropriate clause for the type of rolling stock.
5.1.2 Service braking
Service braking shall be provided and shall consistently achieve specified levels of performance. It shall
be designed for permanent use by the driver in controlling the train. Braking parameters shall be set to
take account of passenger’s comfort.
During blending the instantaneous deceleration shall not vary by more than ± 10 % from that demanded.
Service braking shall be overridden by both any emergency braking mode and a safety braking.
5.1.3 Emergency braking
The traction function (not the ED brake function) shall be cut off automatically and the process to achieve
this shall be initiated immediately. It cannot be reactivated before the brake demand is released
completely and without a deliberate action by the driver as defined in 3.1.
Emergency braking shall be provided and shall achieve a specified level of performance. Whenever the
term “emergency” is used, the type of emergency brake required shall be defined in the technical
specification.
The various emergency braking modes are defined with regard to initiation, see Table 1. The braking
performance achieved for each of these emergency braking modes does not necessarily need to be
different. It is acceptable to group two or more modes together when specifying the emergency brake
system for a particular train:
Table 1 — Emergency braking modes
Mode Usual means of initiation
Emergency braking 1 Driver vigilance, or ATO, or ATP system
Emergency braking 2 Passenger alarm
Emergency braking 3 Driver, via dedicated position on brake controller, or ATP system
Emergency braking 4 Authorized person via control separate from brake controller
When an ATP system is applied, the respective involved braking function shall be specified by the
technical specification.
NOTE It is possible for the different levels of emergency braking to be initiated by means other than those
indicated above, e.g. driver assistance systems.
5.1.4 Safety braking
Safety braking may be specified as a particular form of braking. It provides not necessarily a high level of
performance.
5.1.5 Holding brake
Holding brake may be provided as a separate function if this is specified by the technical specification.
The load (see Table 3), gradient and time for which it shall be effective, should be defined by the technical
specification.
As an option, a rollback function can be implemented with the aim, when the traction is required, to
automatically apply the brake in case of displacement of the train in a direction opposite to the travel
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direction selected by the driver. The maximum rollback distance until the train is stopped may be given
in the technical specification.
5.1.6 Parking brake
The purpose of a parking brake is to be applied automatically when all driver controls are deactivated or
by loss of all energy. Manual control of the parking brake may be provided in addition, to keep the train
stationary in shut down configuration permanently without energy supply. It can be validated by an
analysis of the design.
5.1.7 Wheelslide protection systems
The objectives of fitting WSP systems to trains are to assist in achieving the following:
— optimize braking performance in degraded adhesion conditions to achieve the minimum practical
stopping distance;
— minimum level of wheel damage due to wheel slide or wheel lock;
— minimum level of track damage;
— minimize the consumption of the stored energy for brake actuation during operation.
If the accordance with EN 15595 is not specified in the technical specification or is not applicable for the
concerned vehicle, Annex A can be used as recommendation reference list.
5.1.8 Sanding systems
Sanding systems should be used to optimize braking performance by increasing the adhesion in degraded
adhesion conditions. Application of sand shall not disturb signalling systems and should
...