kSIST FprEN 286-4:2022
(Main)Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or nitrogen - Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock
Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or nitrogen - Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock
1.1 This document is applicable to simple unfired aluminium alloy pressure vessels, referred to as “vessel” in this document, designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock (see 1.6).
1.2 The vessels to this document are:
a) made from a single shell;
b) made from aluminium alloy;
c) fabricated by welding;
d) used at a maximum working pressure of 10 bar;
e) the product of the maximum working pressure (in bar) and the volume (in litre): 50 bar litres < PV ≤ 10 000 bar litres;
f) made of a cylindrical part of circular cross section called the shell with two outwardly dished torispherical ends, that is two dished ends with the same axis of rotation. This document therefore does not apply to vessels with one or two flat ends or those made up of several compartments;
g) calculated with a design pressure P (See 5.1.4.2);
h) designed for a working temperature of between −50 °C and +100 °C [+65 °C for certain grades of aluminium alloy (see 4.1.1)];
i) fastened to the vehicles by straps.
1.3 In normal service, a momentary overpressure of 1 bar of the maximum working pressure is permitted (10 % of PS).
1.4 This document applies to the vessel proper, from the inlet connection to the outlet connection and to all other connections and fittings belonging to the vessel.
1.5 This document gives the requirements to be met for the calculation, design, fabrication, inspection during fabrication and certification of the vessel, and fittings for assembly to the vehicle.
These requirements cannot be written in sufficient detail to ensure good workmanship or proper construction. Each manufacturer is therefore responsible for taking every necessary step to make sure that the quality of workmanship and construction is such as to ensure compliance with good engineering practice.
This document gives:
a) in Annex B, recommendations for assembly to the vehicles;
b) in Annex C, recommendations for the service surveillance of vessels.
1.6 The requirements of this document apply to vessels designed to be fitted to rail vehicles used on the main national networks, urban networks, underground railways, trams, private networks (regional railways, company railways, etc.).
Einfache unbefeuerte Druckbehälter für Luft oder Stickstoff - Teil 4: Druckbehälter aus Aluminiumlegierungen für Druckluftbremsanlagen und pneumatische Hilfseinrichtungen in Schienenfahrzeugen
Dieses Dokument gilt für einfache, unbefeuerte, in Serie gefertigte Druckbehälter aus Aluminiumlegierungen, nachfolgend als „Behälter“ bezeichnet, für Druckluftbremsanlagen und pneumatische Hilfseinrichtungen in Schienenfahrzeugen.
1.2 Behälter nach dieser Norm:
a) sind einwandig;
b) bestehen aus Aluminiumlegierungen;
c) sind geschweißt;
d) werden mit einem zulässigen Betriebsüberdruck von bis zu 15 bar verwendet;
e) haben ein Produkt aus zulässigem Betriebsüberdruck (in bar) und Rauminhalt (in Liter) von: 50 bar Liter < PV ≤ 10 000 bar Liter;
f) bestehen aus einem kreiszylindrischen Teil, genannt „Mantel“, der mit zwei nach außen gewölbten Böden, d. h. mit zwei gewölbten Böden mit derselben Drehachse, verschlossen wird. Dieses Dokument gilt daher nicht für Behälter, die ein oder zwei ebene Böden haben oder aus mehreren Kammern bestehen;
g) werden berechnet mit einem Berechnungsdruck P (siehe 5.1.4.2);
h) sind für Betriebstemperaturen zwischen −50 °C und +100 °C ausgelegt [+65 °C für bestimmte Arten von Aluminiumlegierungen (siehe 4.1.2)];
i) werden mit Gurten an den Fahrzeugen befestigt.
1.3 Im üblichen Betrieb ist ein momentaner Überdruck von 10 % von PS des zulässigen Betriebsüberdruckes PS zugelassen.
1.4 Dieses Dokument gilt für den Behälter selbst, vom Einlassanschluss bis zum Auslassanschluss, sowie für alle Anschlüsse und Anbauteile, die zum Behälter gehören.
1.5 Dieses Dokument enthält die Festlegungen, die bei der Berechnung, der Konstruktion, der Herstellung, der Überwachung während der Herstellung und der Zertifizierung sowie dem Zubehör für den Anbau an die Fahrzeuge einzuhalten sind.
Diese Anforderungen können nicht bis ins einzelne so niedergeschrieben werden, dass sie eine gute Ausführung und Herstellung sicherstellen. Jeder Hersteller muss daher selbst alle notwendigen Schritte unternehmen, um sicherzustellen, dass die Güte der Herstellung und die Ausführung einen Stand erreichen, der mit einer guten ingenieurmäßigen Praxis vereinbar ist.
Dieses Dokument enthält:
a) im Anhang B: Empfehlungen für den Anbau an die Fahrzeuge;
b) im Anhang C: Empfehlungen für die Überwachung der Behälter im Betrieb.
Die Festlegungen in diesem Dokument gelten für die Behälter, mit denen die Schienenfahrzeuge ausgerüstet sind.
Récipients à pression simples, non soumis à la flamme, destinés à contenir de l'air ou de l'azote - Partie 4 : Récipients à pression en alliages d'aluminium destinés aux équipements pneumatiques de freinage et aux équipements pneumatiques auxiliaires du matériel roulant ferroviaire
1.1 Le présent document s'applique aux réservoirs à pression simples en alliages d'aluminium manufacturés en série, non soumis à la flamme dénommés « réservoir » dans le présent document, destinés aux équipements pneumatiques de freinage et aux équipements pneumatiques auxiliaires du matériel roulant ferroviaire.
1.2 Les réservoirs visés dans le présent document sont :
a) constitués d'une seule enceinte ;
b) en alliages d'aluminium ;
c) de fabrication soudée ;
d) utilisés à une pression maximale en service jusqu’à 15 bar ;
e) de produit de la pression maximale en service (en bar) par le volume (en litre) : 50 bar litre < PV ≤ 10 000 bars litre ;
f) constitués d'une partie cylindrique de section droite circulaire dénommée « virole » fermée par deux fonds bombés torisphériques ayant leur convexité tournée vers l'extérieur, soit de deux fonds bombés ayant le même axe de révolution. Le présent document ne s'applique donc pas aux réservoirs comportant un ou deux fonds plats et ceux constitués de plusieurs enceintes ;
g) calculés avec une pression de conception P (voir 5.1.4.2) ;
h) conçus pour des températures de service comprises entre −50 °C et +100 °C [+65 °C pour certaines nuances d'alliages d'aluminium (voir 4.1.2)] ;
i) fixés aux véhicules par sangles.
1.3 En service normal, une surpression momentanée 10 % de PS, la pression maximale en service PS, est autorisée.
1.4 Le présent document s'applique au réservoir proprement dit, depuis son piquage d'entrée jusqu'à son piquage de sortie, ainsi qu'à tout piquage et accessoire appartenant au réservoir.
1.5 Le présent document fournit les exigences à respecter pour le calcul, la conception, la fabrication, le contrôle en cours de fabrication, la certification et les accessoires de montage sur le véhicule.
Ces exigences ne peuvent pas être établies avec suffisamment de détails pour garantir une bonne mise en œuvre et une construction convenables. Chaque fabricant est donc responsable des mesures à prendre pour assurer la qualité de sa mise en œuvre et de sa construction et leur conformité aux pratiques techniques courantes.
Le présent document fournit :
a) des recommandations pour le montage sur les véhicules à l'Annexe B ;
b) des recommandations pour la surveillance en service des réservoirs à l'Annexe C ;
Les exigences du présent document s'appliquent aux réservoirs destinés à l'équipement des véhicules ferroviaires.
Enostavne nekurjene tlačne posode, namenjene za zrak ali dušik - 4. del: Tlačne posode iz aluminijevih zlitin za zračne zavore in pomožno pnevmatsko opremo na tirnih vozilih
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 286-4:2019
01-november-2019
Enostavne neogrevane (nekurjene) tlačne posode, namenjene za zrak ali dušik - 4.
del: Tlačne posode iz aluminijevih zlitin za zračne zavore in pomožno pnevmatsko
opremo na tirnih vozilih
Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or nitrogen - Part 4: Aluminium
alloy pressure vessels designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic
equipment for railway rolling stock
Einfache unbefeuerte Druckbehälter für Luft oder Stickstoff - Teil 4: Druckbehälter aus
Aluminiumlegierungen für Druckluftbremsanlagen und pneumatische Hilfseinrichtungen
in Schienenfahrzeugen
Récipients à pression simples, non soumis à la flamme, destinés à contenir de l'air ou de
l'azote - Partie 4 : Récipients à pression en alliages d'aluminium destinés aux
équipements pneumatiques de freinage et aux équipements pneumatiques auxiliaires du
matériel roulant ferroviaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 286-4
ICS:
23.020.32 Tlačne posode Pressure vessels
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
77.150.10 Aluminijski izdelki Aluminium products
oSIST prEN 286-4:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 286-4:2019
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 286-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2019
ICS 23.020.30; 45.040 Will supersede EN 286-4:1994
English Version
Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or
nitrogen - Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels
designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary
pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock
Récipients à pression simples, non soumis à la flamme, Einfache unbefeuerte Druckbehälter für Luft oder
destinés à contenir de l'air ou de l'azote - Partie 4 : Stickstoff - Teil 4: Druckbehälter aus
Récipients à pression en alliages d'aluminium destinés Aluminiumlegierungen für Druckluftbremsanlagen und
aux équipements pneumatiques de freinage et aux pneumatische Hilfseinrichtungen in
équipements pneumatiques auxiliaires du matériel Schienenfahrzeugen
roulant ferroviaire
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 54.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 286-4:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Symbols . 7
4 Materials . 9
4.1 Pressurized parts . 9
4.1.1 General . 9
4.1.2 Shell and ends . 9
4.1.3 Inspection bosses, pipes connection branches and drainage bosses . 10
4.2 Non-pressurized parts . 10
4.3 Welding materials . 10
5 Design . 10
5.1 Shell and ends . 10
5.1.1 General . 10
5.1.2 Design of the shell . 10
5.1.3 Design of the ends . 11
5.1.4 Calculation of shell and end thicknesses . 12
5.1.5 Welded joints of shells and ends . 15
5.2 Openings . 17
5.2.1 General . 17
5.2.2 Holes for bosses . 17
5.2.3 Calculation of the opening reinforcement . 18
5.2.4 Welding of bosses . 20
6 Inspection and drainage bosses . 24
7 Marking . 25
7.1 General . 25
7.2 Marking stamped in the metal of the vessel . 25
7.3 Marking stamped on a plate . 26
7.4 Identity and service marks . 26
8 Corrosion protection. 27
8.1 General . 27
8.2 Protection of internal walls . 27
8.3 Protection of external walls . 27
9 Welding procedure test . 28
10 Qualification of welders, welding operators and welding inspectors . 28
11 Testing of the vessels . 28
11.1 Testing of welds by the manufacturer . 28
11.1.1 General . 28
11.1.2 Welds made by non-automatic welding . 28
11.1.3 Fields made by an automatic process . 29
11.1.4 Destructive testing of welds on coupon plates . 32
11.1.5 X-rays . 32
11.1.6 Acceptance criteria for welds . 32
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11.1.7 Finish of longitudinal and circular joints . 34
11.2 Dimensional inspection . 35
11.3 Pressure test . 35
12 Delivery . 36
13 Operating instructions . 36
Annex A (normative) Pressure cycling operation . 37
Annex B (informative) Assembly to the vehicles . 38
B.1 General . 38
B.2 Fixing . 38
B.3 Fixing straps . 42
B.3.1 General . 42
B.3.2 Fixing by two straps . 42
B.3.3 Fixing by a single strap . 42
B.4 Insulating tapes . 42
B.5 Mounting . 43
B.5.1 General . 43
B.5.2 Fixing by two straps . 43
B.5.3 Fixing by a single strap . 43
B.6 Pipe connections . 44
B.7 Protection of the drainage mechanism . 44
Annex C (informative) Service surveillance of vessels . 45
C.1 General . 45
C.2 Vessels used at: PS ≤ 6 bar . 45
C.3 Vessels used at: 6 bar < PS ≤ 10 bar . 45
C.4 External inspection . 46
C.4.1 Cleaning . 46
C.4.2 Examination of marking . 46
C.4.3 Inspection of the walls . 46
C.4.3.1 Deformation and irregularities . 46
C.4.3.1.1 General . 46
C.4.3.1.2 Dished ends . 46
C.4.3.1.3 Shell wall . 47
C.4.3.2 Corrosion . 47
C.4.3.3 Other cases leading to rejection of the vessel . 47
C.4.4 Inspection of the fixings . 47
C.5 Internal examination. 47
C.6 Detailed inspection and hydrostatic test . 48
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C.6.1 General . 48
C.6.2 Detailed inspection . 48
C.6.2.1 General . 48
C.6.2.2 Preparation . 48
C.6.2.3 Internal and external inspection . 48
C.6.3 Hydrostatic test . 48
C.6.4 Return to service . 48
C.7 Analysis of the results of the annual sampling on 1 % of the population of a specific
type of vessel . 49
C.8 Withdrawal of vehicles or devices to which the vessel is fitted . 49
C.9 Special cases of vessels fitted to a series of vehicles being phased out, vehicles
intended for a museum, or vehicles kept in service for historical reasons . 49
C.10 Rejection . 49
C.11 Filing of results of examination, inspections and tests . 49
C.12 Responsibilities . 49
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/29/EU aimed to be covered . 50
Bibliography . 51
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European foreword
This document (prEN 286-4:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired
pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
5
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1 Scope
1.1 This document is applicable to simple unfired aluminium alloy pressure vessels, referred to as
“vessel” in this document, designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for
railway rolling stock (see 1.6).
1.2 The vessels to this document are:
a) made from a single shell;
b) made from aluminium alloy;
c) fabricated by welding;
d) used at a maximum working pressure of 10 bar;
e) the product of the maximum working pressure (in bar) and the volume (in litre):
50 bar litres < PV ≤ 10 000 bar litres;
f) made of a cylindrical part of circular cross-section called the shell with two outwardly dished
torispherical ends, that is two dished ends with the same axis of rotation. This document therefore
does not apply to vessels with one or two flat ends or those made up of several compartments;
g) calculated with a design pressure P (See 5.1.4.2);
h) designed for a working temperature of between −50 °C and +100 °C [+65 °C for certain grades of
aluminium alloy (see 4.1.2)];
i) fastened to the vehicles by straps.
1.3 In normal service, a momentary overpressure of 1 bar of the maximum working pressure is
permitted (10 % of PS).
1.4 This document applies to the vessel proper, from the inlet connection to the outlet connection and
to all other connections and fittings belonging to the vessel.
1.5 This document gives the requirements to be met for the calculation, design, fabrication,
inspection during fabrication and certification of the vessel, and fittings for assembly to the vehicle.
These requirements cannot be written in sufficient detail to ensure good workmanship or proper
construction. Each manufacturer is therefore responsible for taking every necessary step to make sure
that the quality of workmanship and construction is such as to ensure compliance with good
engineering practice.
This document gives:
a) in Annex B, recommendations for assembly to the vehicles;
b) in Annex C, recommendations for the service surveillance of vessels.
1.6 The requirements of this document apply to vessels designed to be fitted to rail vehicles used on
the main national networks, urban networks, underground railways, trams, private networks (regional
railways, company railways, etc.).
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2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 2081, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Electroplated coatings of zinc with supplementary
treatments on iron or steel (ISO 2081)
EN ISO 6520-1, Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic
materials — Part 1: Fusion welding (ISO 6520-1)
EN ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys
(ISO 9606-2)
EN ISO 14732, Welding personnel — Qualification testing of welding operators and weld setters for
mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials (ISO 14732)
EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — General
rules (ISO 15607)
EN ISO 15609-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure specification — Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1)
EN ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure test — Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys (ISO 15614-2)
ISO 4520, Chromate conversion coatings on electroplated zinc and cadmium coatings
ISO 6362-2, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded rods/bars, tubes and profiles —
Part 2: Mechanical properties
3 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
A Elongation at rupture %
A Cross sectional area effective as compensation, of the boss 2
fb mm
A Cross sectional area effective as compensation, of the reinforcing plate 2
fp mm
A Cross sectional area effective as compensation, of the shell 2
fs mm
A Area of the pressurized zone 2
p mm
c Absolute value of the minus rolling tolerance for sheets as quoted in the standard mm
D Outside diameter of the shell of the vessel mm
o
d Internal diameter of the boss mm
ib
d Outside diameter of the boss mm
ob
e Nominal wall thickness mm
e Calculated thickness mm
c
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e Calculated thickness of the end mm
ch
e Calculated thickness of the shell mm
cs
e Nominal thickness of the end mm
h
e Wall thickness of the boss contributing to reinforcement mm
rb
e Wall thickness of the reinforcing plate contributing to reinforcement mm
rp
e Wall thickness of the shell contributing to reinforcement mm
rs
f Nominal design stress at the design temperature 2
N/mm
f Permitted stress of the boss 2
b N/mm
g Throat thickness of a weld mm
h External height of the dished part of an end (see Figure 3) mm
h Height of the cylindrical part of the end (see Figure 3) mm
1
h Internal height of a dished part of the end (see Figure 3) mm
2
K Design coefficient which is a function of the welding process —
c
L Total length of the vessel mm
L Distance between the axis of a drainage opening and the end of the vessel mm
1
l Length of the boss contributing to reinforcement mm
rb
lrbi Length of inward projecting boss contributing to reinforcement mm
l Length of the reinforcing plate contributing to reinforcement, measured along the mm
rp
mid surface
l Length of the shell contributing to reinforcement, measured along the mid surface mm
rs
1)
P bar
Design pressure which is a function of the maximum working pressure, the
welding process and inspection used
PS 1) bar
Maximum working pressure
R Internal radius of the spherical part of the end mm
R Local internal radius at the location of the opening in question mm
i
R Minimum tensile strength specified by the manufacturer or by the standard 2
m N/mm
defining the material
Rp0,2 Minimum proof stress 2
N/mm
r Internal radius of the torispherical part of the end mm
Tmin Minimum working temperature °C
Tmax Maximum working temperature °C
V Volume of the vessel litre
1)
All pressures are gauge pressures.
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4 Materials
4.1 Pressurized parts
4.1.1 General
The aluminium alloys used in the fabrication of the pressurized parts of the vessels shall fulfil the
following conditions:
2
a) R ≤ 350 N/mm ;
m
b) elongation after rupture, A, shall be:
— if the test piece is taken parallel to the direction of rolling ≥ 16 %;
— if the test piece is taken perpendicular to the direction of rolling ≥ 14 %.
4.1.2 Shell and ends
The shell and ends shall be made of aluminium alloy sheet or strip of one of the grades given in Table 1.
All materials not listed in Table 1 may be used, provided they meet the requirements of 4.1, are
approved by a notified body, and are manufactured in accordance with a National or International
Standard.
Table 1 — Aluminium alloy materials
c
Temperature
Design temperature
°C
°C
International Maximum
Temper
20 50 100 20 50 65 1 100
ISO
registration temperature
designation
a
designation Minimum proof
Minimum design
a
b
record °C
stress R
stress f
eT
2 2
N/mm N/mm
e
A1Mg2Mn0,8 5049 0 100 80 80 70 48 48 42
46
e
AlMg3 5754 0 100 80 80 70 48 48 42
46
e d
A1Mg3Mn 5454 0 100 90 90 90 54 54
54 54
d e d
A1Mg4 5086 0 65 100 100 60 60
90 58 54
120
e d
AlMg4,5Mn0,7 5083 0 65 125 125 75 75
74 72
d
a
ISO designation and International registration record see ISO 209.
b
Temper designation, see ISO 2107.
c
For intermediate design temperatures linear interpolation may be used.
d
For interpolation purposes only as temperature limit of 65 °C.
e
Interpolated value.
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4.1.3 Inspection bosses, pipes connection branches and drainage bosses
The bosses shall be made of 5083, 5086, 5454 or 5754 aluminium alloy bars or tubes in condition M in
accordance with ISO 6362-2.
All materials may be used, provided they meet the requirements of 4.1, are approved by a notified body,
and are manufactured in accordance with a National or International Standard.
4.2 Non-pressurized parts
The accessories to be welded to the vessel, but which do not contribute to its strength, shall be made of
aluminium alloy compatible with the aluminium alloy from which the pressurized parts of the vessel
are made. The product analysis of the aluminium alloy shall meet the following requirements:
2
— R ≤ 350 N/mm ;
m
— Cu ≤ 0,5 %;
— Zn ≤ 0,25 %.
4.3 Welding materials
The filler material and gas fluxes shall be suitable for the parent metals. The recommended grades of
filler material to be used are 5183 and 5356. These grades are suitable for welding the grades listed in
4.1 and 4.2.
Aluminium-silicon grades shall not be used.
The suitability of the welding products used is verified by means of the welding procedure test (see
Clause 9).
5 Design
5.1 Shell and ends
5.1.1 General
The vessels are of simple geometrical form, composed of a cylindrical bo
...
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