2011/65/EU - Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (recast) Harmonized Directive
Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS recast) aims to restrict the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) to protect human health and the environment. It updates and replaces Directive 2002/95/EC, applying to specified EEE categories with some exclusions such as military equipment, space equipment, large-scale industrial tools, and certain medical devices. The directive targets substances like mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium VI, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), promoting safer alternatives and reducing risks from hazardous materials in EEE and waste. It complements other EU legislation on waste, chemicals, and product safety, ensuring harmonized market conditions and legal certainty. The directive also establishes conformity assessment procedures, CE marking requirements, and market surveillance mechanisms. Exemptions are allowed where substitution is scientifically or technically unfeasible or where substitutable materials would cause greater harm. Regular reviews ensure alignment with scientific progress, protecting public health, enhancing recycling, and contributing to sustainable development and the circular economy in the EU.
Purpose
Directive 2011/65/EU, commonly known as the RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive, aims to restrict the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). The primary objectives are to protect human health and the environment by limiting dangerous substances and to promote the environmentally sound recovery, recycling, and disposal of waste EEE. The Directive addresses disparities in national laws concerning hazardous substances in EEE that could hinder trade and distort the internal market. It complements existing Union waste management legislation and is aligned with obligations under regulations concerning chemicals and persistent organic pollutants.
Key Obligations
Restriction of Hazardous Substances: The Directive limits the use of specific hazardous substances-such as mercury, cadmium, lead, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)-in EEE placed on the EU market.
Compliance Requirements: Manufacturers, importers, and distributors must ensure that EEE complies with maximum concentration limits for restricted substances before placement on the market. The CE marking shall confirm conformity with the Directive.
Exemptions: Temporary exemptions are allowed if substitution is technically or scientifically not possible, particularly taking into account SMEs, the availability and reliability of substitutes, and socio-economic impacts. Exemptions are limited in scope and duration to phase out hazardous substance use gradually.
Conformity Assessment: Procedures consistent with EU legislation must be followed, ensuring legal certainty for manufacturers on proof of compliance.
Market Surveillance: Authorities must perform market surveillance to verify compliance and enforce the Directive.
Review and Update: The list of restricted substances and their limits shall be periodically reviewed and updated based on scientific and technical progress, considering related EU legislation such as REACH.
Life-Cycle and Health Considerations: The Directive emphasizes substitution in ways compatible with health and safety of users, considering the entire lifecycle impacts of products and exemptions.
Affected Products and Actors
Scope of EEE: The Directive applies to electrical and electronic equipment that depends on electric currents or electromagnetic fields to function, operating under specified voltage limits (up to 1000 volts alternating current, 1500 volts direct current), as listed in Annex I.
Exclusions: Certain categories are excluded, such as:
- Military equipment (arms, munitions, war materials)
- Equipment designed for space use
- Large-scale stationary industrial tools and fixed installations
- Means of transport for persons or goods (excluding non-type-approved electric two-wheel vehicles)
- Non-road mobile machinery for professional use
- Active implantable medical devices
- Photovoltaic panels for professional use
- Equipment designed exclusively for research and development (business-to-business only)
Actors Covered:
- Manufacturers: Entities manufacturing or marketing EEE under their name or trademark.
- Importers: Persons established in the EU placing EEE from third countries onto the market.
- Distributors: Supply chain actors, other than manufacturers and importers, making EEE available on the market.
- Authorized Representatives: Persons established within the EU mandated by manufacturers to act on their behalf.
Spare Parts: Availability of spare parts for reuse, refurbishment, and lifetime extension is supported to promote sustainability.
Implementation Timeline
Entry into Force: The Directive was adopted on 8 June 2011.
Transition Period: Equipment outside the scope of previous Directive 2002/95/EC but falling under the 2011/65/EU scope may continue to be marketed until 22 July 2019, subject to Article provisions.
National Transposition: Member States were required to transpose the substantive changes introduced by this Directive into national law by specified deadlines, with unchanged provisions continuing under the earlier Directive until replaced.
Review Cycles: Periodic reviews of the Annexes and restricted substances list are mandated to reflect scientific and technical advancements and to maintain coherence with other EU legislation, including REACH.
Exemption Applications: From the date of entry into force, stakeholders can apply for exemptions, even for equipment not yet fully included in the Directive’s scope.
In conclusion, Directive 2011/65/EU establishes a comprehensive regulatory framework aimed at minimizing hazardous substances in electrical and electronic products within the EU, fostering environmental sustainability, and ensuring market harmonization and user safety.
This Directive 2011/65/EU applies to electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) dependent on electric currents or electromagnetic fields to function properly, with a voltage rating not exceeding 1000 volts AC or 1500 volts DC. It covers products listed in Annex I, excluding certain categories such as equipment necessary for national security (arms, munitions, military material), equipment designed for space, large-scale stationary industrial tools, large-scale fixed installations, means of transport excluding electric two-wheel vehicles that are not type-approved, non-road mobile machinery for professional use, active implantable medical devices, photovoltaic panels for professional installation, and equipment designed solely for research and development for business-to-business use. The Directive aims to restrict hazardous substances in EEE to protect human health and the environment while aligning with existing EU safety, chemical, and waste management legislation. It targets manufacturers, importers, distributors, and authorized representatives involved in placing EEE on the EU market.
Die Richtlinie 2011/65/EU zielt darauf ab, die Verwendung bestimmter gefährlicher Stoffe in Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten zu beschränken, um die menschliche Gesundheit und die Umwelt zu schützen und gleichzeitig die umweltgerechte Verwertung von Altgeräten sicherzustellen. Sie harmonisiert die Rechtsvorschriften der EU-Mitgliedstaaten, um Handelshemmnisse zu vermeiden und den Binnenmarkt zu stärken. Die Richtlinie ersetzt frühere Regelungen und umfasst spezifische Stoffe wie Blei, Cadmium, Quecksilber und bestimmte bromierte Flammschutzmittel, deren Einsatz in Geräten aufgrund von Gesundheits- und Umweltrisiken begrenzt wird. Ausnahmen können unter bestimmten Bedingungen gewährt werden, vor allem wenn keine geeigneten Alternativen verfügbar sind oder die Substitution nachteilige Folgen hätte. Die Richtlinie fördert die Substitution gefährlicher Stoffe durch sicherere Alternativen und berücksichtigt technische sowie wirtschaftliche Machbarkeit, insbesondere für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen. Zudem verpflichtet sie zur regelmäßigen Überprüfung der Stoffliste und zur Anpassung an neue wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse, um den Schutz kontinuierlich zu verbessern. Die Einhaltung wird durch Konformitätsbewertungen und marktüberwachende Maßnahmen gesichert.
Zweck
Die Richtlinie 2011/65/EU zielt darauf ab, die Verwendung bestimmter gefährlicher Stoffe in Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten einzuschränken, um den Schutz der menschlichen Gesundheit und der Umwelt zu gewährleisten. Hierzu trägt sie insbesondere bei, indem sie die umweltgerechte Verwertung und Beseitigung von Elektro- und Elektronik-Altgeräten fördert und Handelshemmnisse sowie Wettbewerbsverzerrungen im Binnenmarkt durch unterschiedliche nationale Regelungen vermeidet. Die Richtlinie gilt als Neufassung der früheren Richtlinie 2002/95/EG mit der Absicht, deren Regelungen zu aktualisieren und zu erweitern.
Wesentliche Verpflichtungen
- Beschränkung gefährlicher Stoffe: Die Verwendung von bestimmten gesundheitsschädlichen und umweltgefährdenden Stoffen wie Quecksilber, Blei, Cadmium, sechswertigem Chrom sowie polybromierten Biphenylen (PBB) und Diphenylethern (PBDE) in Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten wird beschränkt.
- Ausnahmen: Ausnahmen vom Substitutionsgebot sind möglich, wenn wissenschaftlich-technisch keine Alternativen bestehen oder wenn eine Substitution negative Auswirkungen auf Umwelt, Gesundheit oder Sicherheit hervorrufen würde. Dabei sind insbesondere sozioökonomische Aspekte und die Verfügbarkeit von Ersatzstoffen zu berücksichtigen.
- Konformitätsbewertung und CE-Kennzeichnung: Hersteller müssen die Einhaltung der Richtlinienanforderungen durch passende Konformitätsbewertungsverfahren nachweisen und das CE-Kennzeichen anbringen.
- Regelmäßige Überprüfung: Die Liste der beschränkten Stoffe wird regelmäßig überprüft und angepasst, um wissenschaftliche und technische Fortschritte sowie neue Erkenntnisse zu berücksichtigen – auch im Hinblick auf mögliche zukünftige Beschränkungen von Nanomaterialien.
- Bereitstellung von Ersatzteilen: Um eine längere Lebensdauer sowie Wartung und Reparatur der Geräte zu ermöglichen, sollen Ersatzteile verfügbar sein.
- Marktüberwachung: Die Mitgliedstaaten sind verpflichtet, die Einhaltung der Richtlinie zu überwachen und sicherzustellen.
Betroffene Produkte und Akteure
- Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte: Anwendung findet die Richtlinie auf Produkte, die in den in Anhang I der Richtlinie aufgeführten Geräte-Kategorien gelistet sind. Dazu zählen verschiedenste elektrische und elektronische Geräte im privaten und industriellen Bereich.
- Ausgenommene Geräte: Bestimmte Geräte sind vom Geltungsbereich ausgenommen, darunter Waffen, Munition, militärische Kriegsmaterialien, Ausrüstungen für den Einsatz im Weltraum, ortsfeste Großanlagen, Verkehrsmittel (mit Ausnahme bestimmter elektrischer Zweirad-Fahrzeuge) und weitere spezifizierte Ausnahmen.
- Hersteller und Inverkehrbringer: Alle Hersteller, Importeure und Händler innerhalb der EU, die Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte auf den Markt bringen, unterliegen den Vorgaben der Richtlinie.
- Recycling- und Entsorgungsunternehmen: Durch die Beschränkungen wird die Umweltverträglichkeit des Recyclings verbessert, was auch für Unternehmen in der Abfallbewirtschaftung relevant ist.
Umsetzungszeitplan
- Die Richtlinie trat am 21. Juli 2011 in Kraft.
- Die Mitgliedstaaten mussten die Richtlinie bis spätestens 21. Juli 2013 in nationales Recht umsetzen.
- Für bestimmte Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte, die zuvor nicht vom Geltungsbereich der Richtlinie 2002/95/EG erfasst waren, wurde eine Übergangsfrist bis zum 22. Juli 2019 eingeräumt, innerhalb derer diese Geräte noch auf dem Markt bereitgestellt werden durften.
- Die Kommission ist ermächtigt, die Anhänge der Richtlinie regelmäßig zu überprüfen und delegierte Rechtsakte zu erlassen, um die Liste der einschränkenden Stoffe sowie Höchstgrenzen an den technischen und wissenschaftlichen Fortschritt anzupassen.
Diese Regelungen gewährleisten eine kontinuierliche Anpassung des Rechtsrahmens zum Schutz von Gesundheit und Umwelt im Bereich der Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte, fördern die Entwicklung schadstoffarmer Technologien und unterstützen eine nachhaltige Kreislaufwirtschaft.
Die Richtlinie 2011/65/EU gilt für Elektro- und Elektronikgeräte (EEE), die in den im Anhang I der Richtlinie aufgeführten Kategorien genannt sind. Sie zielt darauf ab, die Verwendung bestimmter gefährlicher Stoffe in diesen Geräten zu beschränken, um den Schutz der menschlichen Gesundheit und der Umwelt zu fördern, einschließlich der umweltgerechten Verwertung und Entsorgung von Elektro- und Elektronik-Altgeräten. Ausgenommen sind unter anderem Geräte, die für die wesentlichen Sicherheitsinteressen der Mitgliedstaaten bestimmt sind (z. B. militärische Waffen und Munition), Ausrüstungen für den Weltraumeinsatz, bestimmte speziell als Teil anderer Geräte konzipierte Komponenten, ortsfeste industrielle Großwerkzeuge und Großanlagen, Verkehrsmittel zur Personen- oder Güterbeförderung (mit Ausnahme bestimmter elektrischer Zweiradfahrzeuge) sowie bewegliche Maschinen, die nicht für den Straßenverkehr bestimmt sind. Die Richtlinie ergänzt andere unionsrechtliche Vorschriften zu Sicherheit, Gesundheit, Chemikalien und Abfallmanagement.
La directive 2011/65/UE vise à limiter l’utilisation de substances dangereuses dans les équipements électriques et électroniques (EEE) afin de protéger la santé humaine et l’environnement. Elle remplace la directive 2002/95/CE, renforçant les restrictions sur des substances telles que le plomb, le mercure, le cadmium, le chrome hexavalent, les polybromobiphényles (PBB) et les polybromodiphényléthers (PBDE). La directive couvre diverses catégories d’équipements électriques et électroniques, tout en excluant certains matériels militaires, spatiaux, et des gros équipements industriels fixes. Elle tient compte du principe de précaution et encourage le remplacement des substances dangereuses par des alternatives plus sûres, tout en prévoyant des dérogations lorsque la substitution n’est pas techniquement ou scientifiquement possible. Cette législation contribue également à l’amélioration du recyclage des déchets d’EEE et à la réduction des risques associés à leur gestion. La directive est complémentaire aux autres règles de l’UE en matière de gestion des déchets, de sécurité des produits et de produits chimiques, notamment le règlement REACH, garantissant ainsi une approche cohérente et complète pour la protection de l’environnement et la santé publique.
Objet
La directive 2011/65/UE vise à limiter l'utilisation de certaines substances dangereuses dans les équipements électriques et électroniques (EEE) afin de protéger la santé humaine et l'environnement. Elle contribue également à la valorisation et à l’élimination écologiquement rationnelles des déchets d’EEE.
Obligations principales
- Limitation de substances dangereuses : La directive établit une liste de substances dont l'utilisation dans les EEE est restreinte, notamment le plomb, le mercure, le cadmium, le chrome hexavalent, les polybromobiphényles (PBB) et polybromodiphényléthers (PBDE).
- Substitution des substances : Les substances dangereuses doivent être remplacées par des matériaux sûrs ou moins nocifs, dans la mesure du possible et en tenant compte de la faisabilité technique et économique, notamment pour les PME.
- Exemptions limitées : Des exemptions sont prévues si la substitution n’est pas techniquement ou scientifiquement possible, si la substitution entraînerait un impact négatif supérieur sur la santé, l’environnement ou la sécurité du consommateur, ou en cas d’absence de fiabilité des alternatives. Ces exemptions sont temporaires et limitées.
- Évaluation périodique et mise à jour : La Commission européenne est habilitée à réexaminer et à mettre à jour la liste des substances soumises à restriction en fonction des avancées scientifiques et techniques, y compris l’étude des nanomatériaux.
- Conformité et marquage CE : Les fabricants doivent s’assurer que les produits respectent les limites de concentration des substances, avec des procédures d’évaluation de conformité harmonisées au niveau européen. Le marquage CE doit être apposé sur les produits conformes.
- Harmonisation et surveillance : La directive veille à une application uniforme dans l’Union européenne, avec des mécanismes de surveillance du marché pour garantir la conformité.
- Protection et continuité : La directive n’affecte pas les exigences de sécurité générales déjà existantes ni la législation relative aux déchets (notamment la directive DEEE et la directive piles et accumulateurs).
- Disponibilité des pièces détachées : Pour favoriser le réemploi et l’allongement de la durée de vie des équipements, les fabricants doivent garantir l’accès aux pièces détachées.
Produits et acteurs concernés
- Équipements électriques et électroniques : La directive couvre les EEE appartenant aux catégories listées dans l’annexe I, telles que les gros appareils électroménagers, les outils électriques, les équipements informatiques, les équipements de télécommunication, et d’autres.
- Exclusions : Sont exclus certains matériels militaires (armes, munitions), équipements pour l’espace, certains composants spécifiquement conçus pour un autre type d’équipement exclu, gros outils industriels fixes, grosses installations fixes, moyens de transport (hors véhicules électriques à deux roues non réceptionnés par type), et engins mobiles non routiers destinés exclusivement à un usage professionnel.
- Fabricants, importateurs et distributeurs doivent appliquer les règles de la directive lors de la mise sur le marché des EEE au sein de l’Union européenne.
Calendrier de mise en œuvre
- Entrée en vigueur : La directive a été adoptée en juin 2011.
- Date limite de mise en conformité : Les EEE doivent respecter les restrictions sur les substances dangereuses selon les échéances fixées dans le texte et ses annexes.
- Commercialisation de certains équipements non conformes : Les États membres peuvent autoriser la mise à disposition sur le marché des EEE non conformes à la directive jusqu’au 22 juillet 2019, sous certaines conditions.
- Réexamen périodique : La Commission européenne doit procéder à une révision régulière des substances restreintes, notamment pour intégrer les avancées scientifiques concernant les substances émergentes telles que les nanomatériaux.
Cette directive s'inscrit dans une démarche cohérente avec d'autres réglementations européennes relatives à la gestion des déchets, la sécurité des produits et la protection des consommateurs. Elle vise un équilibre entre protection environnementale, sanitaire, innovation technologique et compétitivité industrielle.
La directive 2011/65/UE s'applique aux équipements électriques et électroniques (EEE) des catégories énumérées à l'annexe I, visant à limiter l'utilisation de substances dangereuses dans ces équipements afin de protéger la santé humaine et l'environnement, notamment lors de la valorisation et l'élimination des déchets d'EEE. Elle couvre la majorité des équipements électriques et électroniques mis sur le marché dans l'Union européenne, à l'exception de certains équipements exclus tels que ceux destinés à la protection des intérêts essentiels de sécurité des États membres (armes, matériel militaire), les équipements conçus pour être envoyés dans l'espace, les composants conçus spécialement pour être intégrés dans d'autres équipements hors champ d'application, les gros outils industriels fixes, les grosses installations fixes, ainsi que les moyens de transport de personnes ou de marchandises (à l'exception des véhicules électriques à deux roues non réceptionnés par type) et certains engins mobiles non routiers à usage professionnel. La directive s'applique sans préjudice des exigences en matière de sécurité, de santé, de produits chimiques et de gestion des déchets selon la législation européenne applicable.
Direktiva 2011/65/EU ureja omejevanje uporabe nevarnih snovi v električni in elektronski opremi (EEO) z namenom varovanja zdravja ljudi in okolja, vključno z okolju prijazno predelavo in odstranitvijo odpadne EEO. Določa pravila za EEO v različnih kategorijah in uvaja omejitve za snovi, kot so živo srebro, kadmij, svinec, šestvalentni krom ter nekateri polibromirani difeniletri in bifenili. Direktiva spodbuja nadomestitev nevarnih snovi z varnejšimi materiali ter omogoča izjeme, kadar nadomestitev ni mogoča iz znanstvenih, tehničnih ali gospodarskih razlogov, ob upoštevanju vpliva na majhna in srednje velika podjetja. Prav tako vzpostavlja postopke za ocenjevanje skladnosti, nadzor trga in aplikacijo oznake CE. Direktiva uvaja definicije ključnih pojmov, izključuje nekatere specifične vrste opreme, kot so vojaška oprema, oprema za uporabo v vesolju in aktivni medicinski pripomočki za vsaditev, hkrati pa se usklajuje z drugo zakonodajo EU, kot so uredbe o kemikalijah in odpadkih. Cilj direktive je zagotoviti enotne pogoje za varno uporabo EEO in zmanjšati tveganja zaradi škodljivih snovi v skladu s previdnostnim načelom Evropske unije.
Namen
Direktiva 2011/65/EU z dne 8. junija 2011 (t. i. RoHS 2) določa pravila za omejevanje uporabe nekaterih nevarnih snovi v električni in elektronski opremi (EEO). Cilj direktive je zaščititi zdravje ljudi in okolje, zmanjšati uporabe nevarnih snovi, izboljšati okolju primerno predelavo in odstranjevanje odpadne električne in elektronske opreme ter tako prispevati k vzpostavitvi notranjega trga EU. Direktivno pravilo preprečuje trgovinske ovire in izkrivljanje konkurence med državami članicami ter spodbuja uporabo varnejših materialov.
Ključne obveznosti
- Omejitev nevarnih snovi: Proizvajalci morajo zagotoviti, da električna in elektronska oprema ne vsebuje prepovedanih nevarnih snovi, kot so svinec, živo srebro, kadmij, šestvalentni krom, polibromirani bifenili (PBB) in polibromirani difenileteri (PBDE) v koncentracijah nad dovoljeno mejo.
- Zahteve za skladnost in označevanje: Proizvodi morajo imeti oznako CE, s katero proizvajalec izjavlja skladnost z zahtevami direktive. Potrebni so postopki presoje skladnosti.
- Nadzor trga in sankcije: Države članice morajo zagotoviti vzpostavitev nadzora trga in ukrepov za skladnost EEO z določbami direktive. Vključuje tudi ukrepe umika ali odpoklica proizvodov, ki niso skladni.
- Izjeme: Dovoljene so izjeme, kadar nadomestitev nevarnih snovi ni mogoča iz znanstvenih, tehničnih ali gospodarskih razlogov ali kadar bi bila zamenjava okoljsko ali zdravstveno manj ugodna. Izjeme so časovno omejene in jih pregleda Evropska komisija.
- Redni pregledi: Komisija ima pooblastilo za prilagajanje seznama omejenih snovi ter tehničnih zahtev glede na znanstveni in tehnični napredek.
- Podpora recikliranju: Spodbujanje uporabe varnejših materialov izboljšuje možnosti recikliranja in varuje zdravje delavcev pri ravnanju z odpadno opremo.
- Vključitev nanomaterialov: Raziskuje se vključitev omejitev za nanomateriale, ki bi lahko imeli poseben vpliv zaradi lastnosti v majhni velikosti.
Vplivani izdelki in subjekti
- Električna in elektronska oprema (EEO): Vse opreme, ki je odvisna od električnega toka ali elektromagnetnih polj za delovanje, vključno z opremo za proizvodnjo, prenos ter merjenje elektrike in polj do napetostnih razredov 1000 V AC in 1500 V DC.
- Kategorije opreme: Direktivno so opredeljene kategorije opreme, kot so gospodinjski aparati, računalniška in telekomunikacijska oprema, svetlobna oprema itd., določene v prilogi I direktive.
- Izjeme: Izključena je oprema za vojaške namene, vesolje, velika nepremična industrijska orodja in naprave, specifična oprema za medicinske pripomočke za vsaditev, fotovoltaične panele, nekateri raziskovalno-razvojni izdelki ter nekatera vozila in nekatera stroji za strokovne uporabnike.
- Gospodarski subjekti: Proizvajalci, uvozniki, distributerji in pooblaščeni zastopniki, ki distribuirajo EEO na trgu EU.
Rok implementacije
- Prenos v nacionalno pravo: Države članice so bile dolžne implementirati direktivo v svojo zakonodajo skladno s predpisanimi roki oziroma do 22. julija 2013, z določenimi prehodnimi obdobji za nekatere kategorije opreme.
- Prehodna obdobja: EEO, ki je bilo prej na trgu brez skladnosti z novimi pravili, je bilo lahko še naprej na voljo do 22. julija 2019.
- Redni pregledi in posodobitve: Komisija bo sproti preverjala in, če bo potrebno, posodabljala Prilogo II ter druge priloge s tehničnimi in znanstvenimi podatki o omejevanju snovi.
- Dodeljevanje in upravljanje izjem: Možnost vložitve prošnje za izjeme je bila omogočena že ob začetku veljavnosti direktive, kar prispeva k usklajenemu in postopnemu ukinjanju nevarnih snovi.
Direktiva 2011/65/EU je pomemben instrument za zmanjšanje uporabe nevarnih snovi v električni in elektronski opremi ter za spodbujanje trajnostnih in varnih proizvodnih praks v EU, obenem pa varuje zdravje ljudi in okolje ter omogoča enoten trg brez nepotrebnih trgovinskih ovir.
Direktiva 2011/65/EU se uporablja za električno in elektronsko opremo (EEO), ki je odvisna od električnega toka ali elektromagnetnih polj, namenjena za uporabo pri napetostnem razredu do 1000 V izmeničnega toka in 1500 V enosmernega toka. Direktiva zajema različne kategorije EEO, določene v prilogi I, in si prizadeva omejiti uporabo določenih nevarnih snovi v tej opremi, s ciljem varovanja zdravja ljudi in okolja. Izjeme so opredeljene za opremo, ki jo je težko nadomestiti oziroma ima poseben namen, kot so vojaška oprema, oprema za vesolje, velika nepremična industrijska orodja in naprave, določena prevozna sredstva, medicinski pripomočki za vsaditev, fotovoltaične plošče za stacionarno uporabo in raziskovalna oprema. Direktiva prav tako ne posega v zakonodajo o varnosti, zdravju in kemikalijah ali v posebne predpise glede ravnanja z odpadki. Namenjena je tudi spodbujanju okolju prijazne predelave in odstranitve odpadne električne in elektronske opreme.
General Information
This part of IEC 62321 provides strategies of sampling along with the mechanical preparation of samples from electrotechnical products. These samples can be used for analytical testing to determine the levels of certain substances as described in the test methods in other parts of the IEC 62321 series. Restrictions for substances will vary between geographic regions and can be updated on a regular basis. This document describes a generic process for obtaining and preparing samples prior to the determination of any substance of concern.
This document does not provide:
- full guidance on each and every product that could be classified as electrotechnical product. Since there is a huge variety of electrotechnical parts, with various structures and compositions, along with the continuous innovations in the industry, it is unrealistic to attempt to provide procedures for the disjointment of every type of part;
- guidance regarding other routes to gather additional information on certain substances in a product, although the information collected has relevance to the sampling strategies in this document;
- safe disassembly and mechanical disjointment instructions related to electrotechnical products (e.g. mercury-containing switches) and the recycling industry (e.g. how to handle CRTs or the safe removal of batteries). See IEC 62554 [1] 1 for the disjointment and mechanical sample preparation of mercury-containing fluorescent lamps;
- sampling procedures for packaging and packaging materials;
- analytical procedures to measure the levels of certain substances. This is covered by other standards (e.g. other parts of the IEC 62321 series), which are referred to as "test standards" in this document;
- guidelines for assessment of compliance.
This document has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108 [2].
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 62321 provides strategies of sampling along with the mechanical preparation of samples from electrotechnical products. These samples can be used for analytical testing to determine the levels of certain substances as described in the test methods in other parts of the IEC 62321 series. Restrictions for substances will vary between geographic regions and can be updated on a regular basis. This document describes a generic process for obtaining and preparing samples prior to the determination of any substance of concern. This document does not provide: - full guidance on each and every product that could be classified as electrotechnical product. Since there is a huge variety of electrotechnical parts, with various structures and compositions, along with the continuous innovations in the industry, it is unrealistic to attempt to provide procedures for the disjointment of every type of part; - guidance regarding other routes to gather additional information on certain substances in a product, although the information collected has relevance to the sampling strategies in this document; - safe disassembly and mechanical disjointment instructions related to electrotechnical products (e.g. mercury-containing switches) and the recycling industry (e.g. how to handle CRTs or the safe removal of batteries). See IEC 62554 [1] 1 for the disjointment and mechanical sample preparation of mercury-containing fluorescent lamps; - sampling procedures for packaging and packaging materials; - analytical procedures to measure the levels of certain substances. This is covered by other standards (e.g. other parts of the IEC 62321 series), which are referred to as "test standards" in this document; - guidelines for assessment of compliance. This document has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108 [2].
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63000:2016 specifies the technical documentation that the manufacturer compiles in order to declare compliance with the applicable substance restrictions
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63000:2016 specifies the technical documentation that the manufacturer compiles in order to declare compliance with the applicable substance restrictions
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidance on auditing management systems, including the principles of auditing, managing an audit programme and conducting management system audits, as well as guidance on the evaluation of competence of individuals involved in the audit process. These activities include the individual(s) managing the audit programme, auditors and audit teams.
It is applicable to all organizations that need to plan and conduct internal or external audits of management systems or manage an audit programme.
The application of this document to other types of audits is possible, provided that special consideration is given to the specific competence needed.
- Standard56 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard – translation81 pagesSlovenian and English languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-6:2015 specifies one normative and two informative techniques for the determination of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in polymers of electrotechnical products. The test methods are: - The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); - The ion attachment mass spectrometry (IAMS) technique and - The high-pressure liquid chromatography technique. This first edition of IEC 62321-6 is a partial replacement of IEC 62321:2008, forming a structural revision and generally replacing Annex A.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-3-2:2013 specifies the screening analysis of the total bromine (Br) in homogeneous materials found in polymers and electronics by using the analytical technique of combustion ion chromatography (C-IC).
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-5:2013 describes the four test methods for lead, cadmium and chromium in polymers, metals and electronics, namely AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry), AFS (atomic fluorescence spectrometry), ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-3-1:2013 describes the screening analysis of five substances, specifically lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), total chromium (Cr) and total bromine (Br) in uniform materials found in electrotechnical products, using the analytical technique of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-4:2013 describes the use of four test methods for mercury in polymers, metals and electronics, namely CV-AAS (cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry), CV-AFS (cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry) ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-1:2013 refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It provides guidance on the disassembly procedure employed for obtaining a sample. This first edition of IEC 62321-1 is a partial replacement of IEC 62321, forming a structural revision and replacing Clauses 1 to 4.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-6:2015 specifies one normative and two informative techniques for the determination of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in polymers of electrotechnical products. The test methods are:
- The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS);
- The ion attachment mass spectrometry (IAMS) technique and
- The high-pressure liquid chromatography technique. This first edition of IEC 62321-6 is a partial replacement of IEC 62321:2008, forming a structural revision and generally replacing Annex A.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-3-2:2013 specifies the screening analysis of the total bromine (Br) in homogeneous materials found in polymers and electronics by using the analytical technique of combustion ion chromatography (C-IC).
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-4:2013 describes the use of four test methods for mercury in polymers, metals and electronics, namely CV-AAS (cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry), CV-AFS (cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry) ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-3-1:2013 describes the screening analysis of five substances, specifically lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), total chromium (Cr) and total bromine (Br) in uniform materials found in electrotechnical products, using the analytical technique of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-5:2013 describes the four test methods for lead, cadmium and chromium in polymers, metals and electronics, namely AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry), AFS (atomic fluorescence spectrometry), ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) as well as several procedures for preparing the sample solution from which the most appropriate method of analysis can be selected by experts.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-1:2013 refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It provides guidance on the disassembly procedure employed for obtaining a sample. This first edition of IEC 62321-1 is a partial replacement of IEC 62321, forming a structural revision and replacing Clauses 1 to 4.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft44 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft44 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-2:2013 provides strategies of sampling along with the mechanical preparation of samples from electrotechnical products, electronic assemblies and electronic components. These samples can be used for analytical testing to determine the levels of certain substances as described in the test methods in other parts of IEC 62321. Restrictions for substances will vary between geographic regions and from time to time. This Standard describes a generic process for obtaining and preparing samples prior to the determination of any substance which are under concern.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the technical documentation that the manufacturer needs to compile in order to declare compliance with the applicable substance restrictions. The documentation of the manufacturer’s management system is outside the scope of this European Standard.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321:2008, which is an International Standard, specifies the determination of the levels of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contained in inorganic and organic compounds, and two types of brominated flame retardants, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) contained in electrotechnical products. This standard refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
- Standard112 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321-2:2013 provides strategies of sampling along with the mechanical preparation of samples from electrotechnical products, electronic assemblies and electronic components. These samples can be used for analytical testing to determine the levels of certain substances as described in the test methods in other parts of IEC 62321. Restrictions for substances will vary between geographic regions and from time to time. This Standard describes a generic process for obtaining and preparing samples prior to the determination of any substance which are under concern.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the technical documentation that the manufacturer needs to compile in order to declare compliance with the applicable substance restrictions. The documentation of the manufacturer’s management system is outside the scope of this European Standard.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62321:2008, which is an International Standard, specifies the determination of the levels of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contained in inorganic and organic compounds, and two types of brominated flame retardants, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) contained in electrotechnical products. This standard refers to the sample as the object to be processed and measured. The nature of the sample and the manner in which it is acquired is defined by the entity carrying out the tests and not by this standard. It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
- Standard112 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Frequently Asked Questions
An EU Directive is a legislative act of the European Union that sets out goals that all EU member states must achieve. However, it is up to each member state to devise their own laws on how to reach these goals through national transposition. Directives are used to harmonize laws across the EU, particularly for the functioning of the single market.
Directive 2011/65/EU covers "Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (recast)". This legislation has harmonized European standards (hENs) that provide a presumption of conformity with its essential requirements. There are 27 standards associated with this directive.
Harmonized standards under 2011/65/EU are European standards (ENs) developed by CEN, CENELEC, or ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission. When these standards are cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with them benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of 2011/65/EU, facilitating CE marking and free movement within the European Economic Area.