ISO/FDIS 17597

• Abstract:

  This standard will specify laboratory test protocols for measuring the performance of air disinfection devices regarding airborne microorganism inactivationby comparing up- and downstream of the device. It will apply to full size duct-mounted devices. It refers to in-activation of microorganisms. It will cover all microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria and fungi. It will not apply to freestanding in-room air cleaners. The test protocol includes detailed requirements for the test rig, the airflow, and the generation of the airborne microorganism challenge. The method also covers data acquisition, analysis, and reporting of results.

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 11.080.10 - Sterilizing equipment
• ICS: 91.140.30 - Ventilation and air-conditioning systems
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 142 - Cleaning equipment for air and other gases
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 142 - Cleaning equipment for air and other gases
• Current Stage: 5020 - FDIS ballot initiated: 2 months. Proof sent to secretariat
• Start Date: 26-Aug-2026
• Completion Date: 26-Aug-2026

ISO/FDIS 17597 is an ISO test method for measuring in-duct airborne microorganisms inactivation/removal effectiveness (AMIRE). It specifies laboratory procedures for full-size duct-mounted air cleaning devices by comparing airborne microorganism concentrations upstream and downstream of the device. The method is intended for HVAC-related in-duct devices and uses surrogate bacteria, fungi and viruses under controlled test conditions.

What does ISO/FDIS 17597 specify?

ISO/FDIS 17597 specifies how to test air cleaning devices that are mounted in ducts, including air filters, in-duct air-purifying systems and air sterilizers used in commercial, institutional and office buildings. It covers the test rig, bioaerosol challenge, sampling, calculation of AMIRE, and reporting.

The document applies to laboratory testing with specific surrogate test microorganisms. It does not apply to portable or standalone room air cleaners, devices evaluated only for removal of non-biological particulate matter, or clinical, medical or industrial cleanroom applications. It also leaves out detailed UV dose evaluation for in-duct UVGI devices.

The document is organized into clauses on scope, normative references, terms and definitions, principle, apparatus and procedures, qualification testing, bioaerosol preparation, bioaerosol testing, effectiveness calculation and the test report.

Annex	What it covers
A	Dust loading test for AMIRE, including post-loading performance evaluation

What are the key requirements of ISO/FDIS 17597?

ISO/FDIS 17597 measures performance by comparing culturable microorganisms upstream and downstream of the test device. In practice, this means the device is challenged in a controlled duct and the results reflect single-pass reduction under test conditions, not field performance.

Test rig, device installation and sampling

Clause 5 requires a large duct test rig based on ISO 16890-2, with clean-air filtration, bioaerosol injection, upstream and downstream sampling points, and downstream filtration to keep organisms from escaping. The test device must be installed and sealed according to the manufacturer instructions, which matters because leakage around the frame would distort the result.

Clause 5 also requires collocated upstream and downstream bioaerosol samplers, aligned with the airflow. Sampling must be isokinetic and measured with suitable flow devices. This matters because poor sampler placement can bias the measured reduction.

Qualification of the apparatus

Clause 6 requires leakage, velocity uniformity and aerosol uniformity checks, plus a no-device correlation (penetration) test. The no-device test is used to detect and correct differences between upstream and downstream sampling.

Bioaerosol challenge

Clause 7 requires safe-to-handle organisms suitable for full-scale aerosol testing, such as Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, MS2 bacteriophage virus and Aspergillus niger. The challenge suspension must be prepared and nebulized so that the upstream concentration is high enough for valid analysis. For a buyer or lab, this defines which organisms can be used and what must be documented in the report.

Test conditions and sampling

Clause 8 requires testing at the manufacturer-recommended air flow rateflowrate, or at 2.5 m/s if no value is given, with temperature and relative humidity controlled. Sampling starts only after steady state is established, and at least three replicate samples are taken upstream and downstream. This makes the result repeatable and traceable.

Effectiveness calculation and dust loading

Clause 9 defines uncorrected AMIRE and then corrects it using the no-device penetration ratio. Annex A adds a normative dust loading test using ISO 15957 L2 dust and the ISO 16890-3 procedure. In practice, this lets users compare initial performance with performance after dust accumulation.

What terms does ISO/FDIS 17597 define?

• Airborne microorganism - a biological particle suspended in air, including bacteria, fungi, spores and viruses.
• AMIRE - airborne microorganism inactivation/removal effectiveness, the reduction achieved by the air cleaning device.
• Bioaerosol - biological particles suspended in a gas, including microorganisms and related biological material.
• BSL - biosafety level, the containment level needed for laboratory work with microorganisms.
• CFU - colony forming unit, used for culturable bacteria or moulds.
• PFU - plaque forming unit, used for culturable viruses.
• Test device - the air cleaner being performance tested.
• Test rig - the complete equipment assembly used for the performance test.

Who uses ISO/FDIS 17597?

ISO/FDIS 17597 is used by manufacturers of duct-mounted air cleaning devices, microbiology and aerobiology test laboratories, and certification or verification bodies. It is also relevant to quality managers, technical buyers, and engineers working on HVAC systems in commercial, institutional and office buildings. These users need a common laboratory method to compare products and to document performance claims.

Which standards are used with ISO/FDIS 17597?

ISO/FDIS 17597 refers to these standards for test materials, vocabulary, rig methods and dust loading:

• ISO 15957 - provides the test dust used in Annex A.
• ISO 29464 - provides vocabulary used for air cleaning equipment and biological aerosols.
• ISO 16890-2:2022 - provides the test rig basis and methods for leakage, air velocity uniformity and aerosol uniformity checks.
• ISO 16890-3:2024 - provides the dust loading procedure and dust feeder requirements used in Annex A.

What does the ISO/FDIS 17597 document contain?

ISO/FDIS 17597 includes a schematic of the test rig, qualification checks for the rig, organism preparation guidance, sampling procedures, and the formulas used to calculate AMIRE. It also includes Table 1 for the penetration check, Table 2 for representative test organisms, and Table 3 for reporting results.

Figure 1 shows the duct test rig layout and the locations for injection, sampling and filtration. The formulas in Clause 9 show how to calculate uncorrected effectiveness and how to correct it for system bias. Annex A then gives the dust loading sequence and the post-loading effectiveness check.

The document’s report section asks for the test laboratory, device identification, test conditions, organism used, sampler details, upstream and downstream concentrations, and both uncorrected and corrected results. In practice, this supports product evaluation, verification and technical documentation for duct-mounted air disinfection devices.

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 142
Test method for measuring in-
Secretariat: UNI
duct airborne microorganisms
Voting begins on:
inactivation/removal effectiveness
2026-08-26
(AMIRE)
Voting terminates on:
2026-10-21
Méthode d'essai pour mesurer l'efficacité d'inactivation/
d'élimination des micro-organismes en suspension dans l’air
(AMIRE) en conduit
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 142
Test method for measuring in-
Secretariat: UNI
duct airborne microorganisms
Voting begins on:
inactivation/removal effectiveness
(AMIRE)
Voting terminates on:
Méthode d'essai pour mesurer l'efficacité d'inactivation/
d'élimination des micro-organismes en suspension dans l’air
(AMIRE) en conduit
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2026
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 3
5 Test apparatus and procedures . 3
5.1 Test rig .3
5.2 Bioaerosol injection . . .4
5.3 Installation of test device . .4
5.4 Installation of bioaerosol samplers .4
5.5 Preventing test facility contamination .4
6 Apparatus qualification testing . 5
6.1 Duct leakage test.5
6.2 Air velocity uniformity in the test duct .5
6.3 Aerosol uniformity in the test duct .5
6.4 No device correlation (penetration) test.5
7 Bioaerosol preparation . 5
7.1 Test organisms .5
7.2 Bioaerosol preparation and generation .6
8 Bioaerosol testing . 6
8.1 Test air flowrate .6
8.2 Test procedure .6
8.3 Bioaerosol sampling procedure . .7
8.4 Test precision .7
9 Determination of inactivation/removal effectiveness. 7
9.1 Calculation of uncorrected inactivation/removal effectiveness .7
9.2 Correction for no device correlation (penetration) .7
10 Test report . 8
Annex A (normative) Dust loading test for AMIRE . 10
Bibliography .12

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 142, Cleaning equipment for air and other gases.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
Airborne microorganisms, including pathogens, spread readily through indoor air, and can cause a variety
of diseases. A number of removal and deactivation technologies have been developed to deal with this
situation.
Relevant existing standards include ASHRAE 185.1, ISO 16890, ISO 29463, ISO 10121 and ISO 15714.
However, none of these existing standards are fully relevant for the wide variety of different technologies
used for the removal and deactivation of airborne microorganisms. In the case of ASHRAE 185.1 and
ISO 15714, the test is specified only for UV devices and does not include mechanical filtration and other
technologies.
There is currently no internationally accepted method for measuring the inactivation/removal effectiveness
of air disinfection devices that are mounted in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems
other than UV-based ones.
This document provides a laboratory test method for microorganism inactivation/removal. It builds
on existing standards such as the ones listed above and broadens the scope to cover specific types of
microorganism inactivation/removal devices in air ducts.
The airborne microorganism inactivation/removal effectiveness is based on an evaluation of the ability of
the duct-mounted air-filtering devices to capture or inactivate bacteria, moulds or viruses with common
particle sizes. By measuring the inactivation/removal effectiveness, the quality level of the product can be
assessed.
v
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 17597:2026(en)
Test method for measuring in-duct airborne microorganisms
inactivation/removal effectiveness (AMIRE)
WARNING — The test given in this document shall be performed by expert staff trained and
certified to handle microorganism-related techniques. Leakage from test equipment may release
microorganisms into the laboratory air. National and international safety procedures for working
with infectious biomaterials shall be followed to prevent contamination of apparatus, working place
or environment. Microorganisms used in the tests shall be handled with caution while wearing
protective equipment suitable for biosafety level.
1 Scope
This document specifies a method that evaluates inactivation/removal effectiveness against airborne
microorganisms in air cleaning devices. This method includes detailed requirements for the test rig, and
simulates the air flowrate of the devices. The method also covers data acquisition, analysis, and reporting
of results. Additionally, this document provides a normative procedure (see Annex A) for determining the
effect of dust loading on the inactivation and removal effectiveness.
This document is applicable to in-duct air cleaning devices, such as air filters set up in a heating, ventilation
and air-conditioning (HVAC) system in commercial, institutional and office buildings, also in-duct air-
purifying systems, or air sterilizers in these buildings. It applies to testing conducted under controlled
laboratory conditions using specific surrogate test microorganisms (bacteria, moulds and viruses).
This document does not apply to
— air cleaning devices intended for portable or standalone room use, which are addressed by ISO 16000-36
and the IEC 63086 series,
— devices evaluated solely for the physical removal of non-biological particulate matter, which are covered
by the ISO 16890 series, and
— clinical, medical or industrial cleanroom applications requiring specific pathogenic testing.
Furthermore, it does not cover the detailed assessment of ultraviolet (UV) dose evaluation exclusively for
in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) devices, which is covered by ISO 15714 and ASHRAE 185.1.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15957, Test dusts for evaluating air cleaning equipment
ISO 29464, Cleaning of air and other gases — Vocabulary
ISO 16890-2:2022, Air filters for general ventilation — Part 2: Measurement of fractional efficiency and air flow
resistance
ISO 16890-3:2024, Air filters for general ventilation — Part 3: Determination of the gravimetric efficiency and
the air flow resistance versus the mass of test dust captured

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 29464 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
airborne microorganism
particle of biological origin suspended in air
Note 1 to entry: Airborne microorganisms include bacteria, fungi and their spores, and viruses.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.6.12]
3.2
airborne microorganism inactivation/removal effectiveness
AMIRE
degree of reduction of culturable airborne microorganisms resulting from passage through an air cleaning
device
3.3
bioaerosol
particles of biological origin suspended in a gaseous medium
Note 1 to entry: Bioaerosol particles include viruses, bacteria, fungi, pollen, plant debris, fragments of these and their
derivatives such as endotoxins, glucans, allergens and mycotoxins.
Note 2 to entry: The size of a bioaerosol particle can be larger if it is encased within a liquid drop, for example a virus
in sputum.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.2.20]
3.4
biosafety level
BSL
level of protection and containment necessary for dealing with dangerous microorganisms in a laboratory
Note 1 to entry: Levels range from BSL 1 (least protection needed) to BSL 4 (maximum protection required).
Note 2 to entry: Classification depends on infectivity, disease severity, transmission risk and work type. See the WHO
Laboratory Biosafety Manual or CDC BMBL (Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories) for details.
Note 3 to entry: Any reference to biosafety levels in this document is indicative. The actual containment requirements
must follow applicable national and/or regional regulations.
3.5
CFU
colony forming unit
unit of culturable bacteria or moulds present in a sample, expressed by the number of colonies formed under
specified culture conditions
Note 1 to entry: For microorganisms in air, concentrations are usually expressed as colony forming units per cubic
metre of air sampled (CFU/m ).
3.6
air flowrate
volume of the air passing through the air cleaning device per unit time
Note 1 to entry: The flowrate is defined as quotient of the amount of air passing through a specified plane and the
duration.
3.7
PFU
plaque forming unit
unit of culturable viruses present in a sample, as determined by their ability to form plaques under specified
culture conditions
Note 1 to entry: For viruses in air, concentrations are usually expressed as plaque forming units per cubic metre of air
sampled (PFU/m ).
3.8
test device
air cleaner being subjected to performance testing
Note 1 to entry: "Air cleaners" refers to air filters set up in a heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system
and commercial, institutional and office buildings air-purifying systems, or air sterilizers.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.1.45, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added. Terms "device under test"
and "DUT" have been removed.]
3.9
test rig
complete assembly of equipment used for determining performance of an air cleaner
4 Principle
This test method determines the performance of an air cleaner capable of inactivating or removing airborne
microorganisms in a duct or HVAC system by measuring the microorganisms upstream and downstream of
the test device.
The test device can physically remove microorganisms from the air or can cause damage sufficient to
prevent reproduction of sampled microorganisms (inactivation) or both in parallel.
This test is carried out in a large test rig of approximately 600 mm × 600 mm (2 ft × 2 ft). The test rig
required for conducting this test is described in Clause 5.
5 Test apparatus and procedures
5.1 Test rig
The test rig used for this document shall conform to the requirements of ISO 16890-2, except as noted in
this clause. A schematic diagram of the test rig is shown in Figure 1. The minimum length of each section
where the test rig is separated is shown. The length of the test rig should be designed to meet the bioaerosol
concentration described in 7.2.

Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 upstream HEPA filtration with turbulence damping grid to provide clean air
2 test
...

ISO/TC 142
Secretariat: UNI
Date: 2026-06-25xx
Test method for measuring in-duct airborne microorganisms
inactivation/removal effectiveness (AMIRE)
Méthode d'essai pour mesurer l'efficacité d'inactivation/d'élimination des micro-organismes en suspension
dans l’air (AMIRE) en conduit
FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
EmailE-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 3
5 Test apparatus and procedures . 3
5.1 Test rig . 3
5.2 Bioaerosol injection . 4
5.3 Installation of test device . 4
5.4 Installation of bioaerosol samplers . 4
5.5 Preventing test facility contamination . 5
6 Apparatus qualification testing . 5
6.1 Duct leakage test . 5
6.2 Air velocity uniformity in the test duct . 5
6.3 Aerosol uniformity in the test duct . 5
6.4 No device correlation (penetration) test . 5
7 Bioaerosol preparation . 5
7.1 Test organisms . 5
7.2 Bioaerosol preparation and generation . 6
8 Bioaerosol testing . 6
8.1 Test air flowrate . 6
8.2 Test procedure . 6
8.3 Bioaerosol sampling procedure . 7
8.4 Test precision . 7
9 Determination of inactivation/removal effectiveness . 7
9.1 Calculation of uncorrected inactivation/removal effectiveness . 7
9.2 Correction for no device correlation (penetration) . 7
10 Test report . 8
Annex A (normative) Dust loading test for AMIRE . 11
Bibliography . 13

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 142, Cleaning equipment for air and other gases.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
Airborne microorganisms, including pathogens, spread readily through indoor air, and can cause a variety of
diseases. A number of removal and deactivation technologies have been developed to deal with this situation.
Relevant existing standards include ASHRAE Standard 185.1, ISO 16890, ISO 29463, ISO 10121 and
ISO 15714.
However, none of these existing standards are fully relevant for the wide variety of different technologies used
for the removal and deactivation of airborne microorganisms. In the case of ASHRAE 185.1 and ISO 15714,
the test is specified only for UV devices and does not include mechanical filtration and other technologies.
There is currently no internationally accepted method for measuring the inactivation/removal effectiveness
of air disinfection devices that are mounted in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems other
than UV-based ones.
This document provides a laboratory test method for microorganism inactivation/removal. It builds on
existing standards such as the ones listed above and broadens the scope to cover specific types of
microorganism inactivation/removal devices in air ducts.
The airborne microorganism inactivation/removal effectiveness is based on an evaluation of the ability of the
duct-mounted air-filtering devices to capture or inactivate bacteria, moulds or viruses with common particle
sizes. By measuring the inactivation/removal effectiveness, the quality level of the product can be assessed.

v
Test method for measuring in-duct airborne microorganisms
inactivation/removal effectiveness (AMIRE)
WARNING — The test given in this document shall be performed by expert staff trained and certified
to handle microorganism-related techniques. Leakage from test equipment may release
microorganisms into the laboratory air. National and international safety procedures for working with
infectious biomaterials shall be followed to prevent contamination of apparatus, working place or
environment. Microorganisms used in the tests shall be handled with caution while wearing protective
equipment suitable for biosafety level.
1 Scope
This document specifies a method that evaluates inactivation/removal effectiveness against airborne
microorganisms in air cleaning devices. This method includes detailed requirements for the test rig, and
simulates the air flow rateflowrate of the devices. The method also covers data acquisition, analysis, and
reporting of results. Additionally, this document provides a normative procedure (see Annex AAnnex A)) for
determining the effect of dust loading on the inactivation and removal effectiveness.
This document is applicable to in-duct air cleaning devices, such as air filters set up in a heating, ventilation
and air-conditioning (HVAC) system in commercial, institutional and office buildings, also in-duct air-purifying
systems, or air sterilizers in these buildings. It applies to testing conducted under controlled laboratory
conditions using specific surrogate test microorganisms (bacteria, moulds, and viruses).
This document does not apply to:
— — air cleaning devices intended for portable or standalone room use, which are addressed by ISO 16000-
36 and the IEC 63086 series;,
— — devices evaluated solely for the physical removal of non-biological particulate matter, which are
covered by the ISO 16890 series., and
— — clinical, medical, or industrial cleanroom applications requiring specific pathogenic testing.
Furthermore, it does not cover the detailed assessment of ultraviolet (UV) dose evaluation exclusively for in-
duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) devices, which is covered by ISO 15714 and ASHRAE 185.1.
2 Normative Referencesreferences
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15957, Test dusts for evaluating air cleaning equipment
ISO 29464, Cleaning of air and other gases — Vocabulary
ISO 16890--2:2022, Air filters for general ventilation — Part 2: Measurement of fractional efficiency and air flow
resistance
ISO 16890--3:2024, Air filters for general ventilation — Part 3: Determination of the gravimetric efficiency and
the air flow resistance versus the mass of test dust captured
3 Terms and Definitionsdefinitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 29464 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
airborne microorganism
particle of biological origin suspended in air
Note 1 to entry: Airborne microorganisms include bacteria, fungi and their spores, and viruses.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.6.12]
3.2 3.2
airborne microorganism inactivation/removal effectiveness
AMIRE
degree of reduction of culturable airborne microorganisms resulting from passage through an air cleaning
device
3.3 3.3
bioaerosol
particles of biological origin suspended in a gaseous medium
Note 1 to entry: Bioaerosol particles include viruses, bacteria, fungi, pollen, plant debris, fragments of these and their
derivatives such as endotoxins, glucans, allergens and mycotoxins.
Note 2 to entry: The size of a bioaerosol particle can be larger if it is encased within a liquid drop, for example a virus
in sputum.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.2.20]
3.4 3.4
biosafety level
BSL
level of protection and containment necessary for dealing with dangerous microorganisms in a laboratory
Note 1 to entry: Levels range from BSL 1 (least protection needed) to BSL 4 (maximum protection required).
Note 2 to entry: Classification depends on infectivity, disease severity, transmission risk, and work type. See the WHO
Laboratory Biosafety Manual or CDC BMBL (Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories) for details.
Note 3 to entry: Any reference to biosafety levels in this document is indicative. The actual containment requirements
shallmust follow applicable national and/or regional regulations.
3.5 3.5
CFU
colony forming unit
unit of culturable bacteria or moulds present in a sample, expressed by the number of colonies formed under
specified culture conditions
Note 1 to entry: For microorganisms in air, concentrations are usually expressed as colony forming units per cubic
metre of air sampled (CFU/m ).
3.6 3.6
air flow rateflowrate
volume of the air passing through the air cleaning device per unit time.
Note 1 to entry: The flow rateflowrate is defined as quotient of the amount of air passing through a specified plane and
the duration.
3.7 3.7
PFU
plaque forming unit
unit of culturable viruses present in a sample, as determined by their ability to form plaques under specified
culture conditions
Note 1 to entry: For viruses in air, concentrations are usually expressed as plaque forming units per cubic metre of air
sampled (PFU/m ).
3.8 3.8
test device
air cleaner being subjected to performance testing
Note 1 to entry: ’air cleaners’ "Air cleaners" refers to air filters set up in a heating, ventilation and air-conditioning
(HVAC) system and commercial, institutional and office buildings air-purifying systems, or air sterilizers.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.1.45, modified –— Note 1 to entry has been added. Terms "device under test"
and "DUT" have been removed].]
3.9 3.9
test rig
complete assembly of equipment used for determining performance of an air cleaner
4 Principle
This test method determines the performance of an air cleaner capable of inactivating or removing airborne
microorganisms in a duct or HVAC system by measuring the microorganisms upstream and downstream of
the test device.
The test device can physically remove microorganisms from the air or can cause damage sufficient to prevent
reproduction of sampled microorganisms (inactivation) or both in parallel.
This test is carried out in a large test rig of approximately 600 mm × 600 mm (2 feetft × 2 feetft). The test rig
required for conducting this test is described in Clause 5Clause 5.
5 Test apparatus and procedures
5.1 Test Rigrig
The test rig used for this document shall conform withto the requirements of the ISO 16890-2 test rig, except
as noted in this Clause 5 clause. A schematic diagram of the test rig is shown in Figure 1Figure 1. The minimum
length of each section where the test rig is separated is shown. The length of the test rig should be designed to
meet the bioaerosol concentration described in 7.27.2.
17597_ed2fig1.EPS
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 upstream HEPA filtration with turbulence damping grid to provide clean air
2 test microorganism generation
3 upstream microorganism sampling port
4 upstream test filter pressure tap
5 test device
6 downstream test filter pressure tap
7 downstream microorganism sampling port
8 downstream HEPA filtration with turbulence damping grid to prevent particle from escaping out of the duct
9 example of air flow measurement device location
10 example of sampling holes for duct airflow uniformity
Figure 1 — Schematic diagram of the test rig
5.2 Bioaerosol injection
Bioaerosol shall be injected at the location indicated by item 2 in Figure 1Figure 1. The bioaerosol injection
system shall produce an upstream challenge bioaerosol that meets the qualification criteria of 7.27.2. The
injection system design is described in 7.27.2.
5.3 Installation of test device
Installation of the test device shall comply withconform to the instructions of the equipment manual. The test
device shall be sealed into the test rig in a manner that prevents leakage between the test device and the
mounting frame.
5.4 Installation of bioaerosol samplers
One or more bioaerosol samplers shall be installed upstream of the test device, and downstream of the device.
These samplers shall be collocated with the probes specified in ISO 16890-2. If multiple samplers are used,
they shall be located so that the inlet air streams do not interfere with each other. The inlets of the bioaerosol
samplers shall face into the airflow. Isokinetic sampling (to within 10 % of a measured target flow velocity as
measured by the instruments indicated) shall be used. Flow rateFlowrate through the sampling system shall
be measured with volumetric devices such as orifice plates or rotameters having an accuracy of ±5 %. Samples
and devices shall be located such that the air cleaning device does not influence the upstream sampling
location. A light baffle or extra distance can be needed for some d
...

PROJET FINAL
Norme
internationale
ISO/TC 142
Méthode d'essai pour mesurer
Secrétariat: UNI
l'efficacité d'inactivation/
Début de vote:
d'élimination des micro-organismes
2026-08-26
en suspension dans l’air (AMIRE) en
Vote clos le:
conduit
2026-10-21
Test method for measuring in-duct airborne microorganisms
inactivation/removal effectiveness (AMIRE)
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PROJET FINAL
Norme
internationale
ISO/TC 142
Méthode d'essai pour mesurer
Secrétariat: UNI
l'efficacité d'inactivation/
Début de vote:
d'élimination des micro-organismes
2026-08-26
en suspension dans l’air (AMIRE) en
Vote clos le:
conduit
2026-10-21
Test method for measuring in-duct airborne microorganisms
inactivation/removal effectiveness (AMIRE)
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Publié en Suisse
Numéro de référence
ii
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction .v
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Principe. 3
5 Installations et modes opératoires d'essai . 3
5.1 Banc d'essai.3
5.2 Injection de bioaérosol .4
5.3 Installation du dispositif d'essai .4
5.4 Installation des échantillonneurs de bioaérosol .4
5.5 Prévention de la contamination de l'installation d'essai .5
6 Essai de qualification de l'installation . 5
6.1 Essai d'étanchéité des conduits .5
6.2 Uniformité de la vitesse de l'air dans le conduit d'essai .5
6.3 Uniformité de l'aérosol dans le conduit d'essai.5
6.4 Essai de corrélation (pénétration) sans dispositif .5
7 Préparation du bioaérosol. 5
7.1 Organismes d'essai .5
7.2 Préparation et génération du bioaérosol .6
8 Essais de bioaérosols . 6
8.1 Débit d'air d'essai.6
8.2 Mode opératoire d'essai.6
8.3 Mode opératoire d'échantillonnage de bioaérosol .7
8.4 Précision de l'essai .7
9 Détermination de l'efficacité d'inactivation/d'élimination . 7
9.1 Calcul de l'efficacité d'inactivation/d'élimination non corrigée .7
9.2 Correction pour la corrélation (pénétration) sans dispositif .7
10 Rapport d'essai . 8
Annexe A (normative) Essai de chargement en poussières pour l'AMIRE .11
Bibliographie .13

iii
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes nationaux
de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est en général
confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire
partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux. L’ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a
été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir
www.iso.org/directives).
L’ISO attire l’attention sur le fait que la mise en application du présent document peut entraîner l’utilisation
d’un ou de plusieurs brevets. L’ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité et à l’applicabilité de
tout droit de brevet revendiqué à cet égard. À la date de publication du présent document, l’ISO n’avait pas
reçu notification qu’un ou plusieurs brevets pouvaient être nécessaires à sa mise en application. Toutefois,
il y a lieu d’avertir les responsables de la mise en application du présent document que des informations
plus récentes sont susceptibles de figurer dans la base de données de brevets, disponible à l’adresse
www.iso.org/brevets. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifié tout ou partie de
tels droits de propriété.
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données pour
information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion de
l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles techniques au
commerce (OTC), voir www.iso.org/avant-propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 142, Séparateurs aérauliques.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes se
trouve à l’adresse www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
Les micro-organismes en suspension dans l'air, y compris les pathogènes, se propagent facilement dans l'air
intérieur, et peuvent provoquer diverses maladies. Un certain nombre de technologies d'élimination et de
désactivation ont été développées pour faire face à cette situation.
Les normes existantes pertinentes comprennent l'ASHRAE 185.1, l'ISO 16890, l'ISO 29463, l'ISO 10121 et
l'ISO 15714.
Toutefois, aucune de ces normes existantes ne sont pleinement adaptée à la grande diversité des technologies
différentes utilisées pour l'élimination et la désactivation des micro-organismes en suspension dans l'air.
Dans le cas de l'ASHRAE 185.1 et de l'ISO 15714, l'essai est spécifié uniquement pour les dispositifs à UV et
n'inclut pas la filtration mécanique ni d'autres technologies.
Il n'existe actuellement aucune méthode acceptée internationalement pour mesurer l'efficacité de
l'inactivation/l'élimination des dispositifs de désinfection de l'air montés dans les systèmes de chauffage,
ventilation et conditionnement d'air (CVC) autres que ceux à base d'UV.
L'efficacité de l'inactivation/élimination des micro-organismes en suspension dans l'air repose sur une
évaluation de la capacité des dispositifs de filtration d'air montés en conduits à capturer ou à inactiver les
bactéries, les moisissures ou les virus ayant des tailles de particules courantes. En mesurant l'efficacité
d'inactivation/élimination, le niveau de qualité du produit peut être évalué.

v
PROJET FINAL Norme internationale ISO/FDIS 17597:2026(fr)
Méthode d'essai pour mesurer l'efficacité d'inactivation/
d'élimination des micro-organismes en suspension dans l’air
(AMIRE) en conduit
AVERTISSEMENT — L'essai décrit dans le présent document doit être réalisé par du personnel
qualifié, formé et certifié pour la mise en œuvre de techniques liées aux micro-organismes. Une fuite
provenant de l'équipement d'essai peut entraîner la libération de micro-organismes dans l'air du
laboratoire. Les procédures de sécurité nationales et internationales relatives aux travaux avec des
biomatériaux infectieux doivent être respectées afin d'éviter toute contamination de l'appareillage,
du poste de travail ou de l'environnement. Les micro-organismes utilisés dans les essais doivent être
manipulés avec précaution, en portant un équipement de protection adapté au niveau de sécurité
biologique.
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document spécifie une méthode qui évalue l'efficacité de l'inactivation/l'élimination des
micro-organismes en suspension dans l'air dans les dispositifs d'épuration d'air. Cette méthode inclut des
exigences détaillées pour le banc d'essai et simule le débit d'air des dispositifs. La méthode couvre également
l'acquisition des données, l'analyse et la consignation des résultats. De plus, le présent document fournit un
mode opératoire normatif (voir l'Annexe A) permettant de déterminer l'effet du chargement de poussière sur
l'efficacité de l'inactivation et de l'élimination.
Le présent document est applicable aux dispositifs d'épuration d'air en conduits, tels que les filtres à air
installés dans un système de chauffage, de ventilation et de conditionnement d'air (CVC) dans les bâtiments
commerciaux, institutionnels et les immeubles de bureaux, ainsi que les systèmes de purification d'air ou
les stérilisateurs d'air en conduits dans ces bâtiments. Il s'applique aux essais réalisés dans des conditions
de laboratoire contrôlées à l'aide de micro-organismes d'essai de substitution spécifiques (bactéries,
moisissures et virus).
Le présent document ne s’applique pas:
— aux dispositifs de purification de l'air destinés à une utilisation portable ou autonome dans une pièce, qui
relèvent de l'ISO 16000-36 et de la série IEC 63086;
— aux dispositifs évalués uniquement pour l'élimination physique de particules en suspension
non biologiques, qui relèvent de la série ISO 16890; et
— aux applications cliniques, médicales ou industrielles en salle blanche nécessitant des essais spécifiques
relatifs aux agents pathogènes.
Par ailleurs, il ne couvre pas l'évaluation détaillée de la dose d'ultraviolets (UV), évaluation exclusivement
pour les dispositifs d'irradiation germicide par ultraviolets (UVGI) en conduits, qui est couverte par
l'ISO 15714 et l'ASHRAE 185.1.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu'ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique. Pour
les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
ISO 15957, Poussières d'essai pour l'évaluation des équipements d'épuration d'air

ISO 29464, Épuration de l'air et autres gaz — Vocabulaire
ISO 16890-2:2022, Filtres à air de ventilation générale — Partie 2: Mesurage de l'efficacité spectrale et de la
résistance à l'écoulement de l'air
ISO 16890-3:2024, Filtres à air de ventilation générale — Partie 3: Détermination de l'efficacité gravimétrique
et de la résistance à l'écoulement de l'air par rapport à la quantité de poussière d'essai retenue
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l'ISO 29464 ainsi que les
suivants s'appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en normalisation,
consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse sur https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
micro-organisme en suspension dans l'air
particule d'origine biologique en suspension dans l'air
Note 1 à l'article: Les micro-organismes en suspension dans l'air incluent les bactéries, les champignons et leurs
spores, et les virus.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.6.12]
3.2
efficacité d'inactivation/élimination des micro-organismes en suspension dans l'air
AMIRE
degré de réduction des micro-organismes cultivables en suspension dans l'air résultant du passage à travers
un dispositif d'épuration d'air
3.3
bioaérosol
particules d'origine biologique suspendues dans un média gazeux
Note 1 à l'article: Les particules bioaérosol incluent les virus, bactéries, champignons, pollens, débris de plantes,
fragments de celles-ci et leurs dérivés tels que endotoxines, glucanes, allergènes et mycotoxines.
Note 2 à l'article: La taille d'une particule de bioaérosol peut être plus importante si elle est enfermée dans une goutte
de liquide, par exemple un virus dans des expectorations.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.2.20]
3.4
niveau de sécurité biologique
NSB
niveau de protection et de confinement nécessaire pour traiter les micro-organismes dangereux dans un
laboratoire
Note 1 à l'article: Les niveaux varient de NSB 1 (protection minimale nécessaire) à NSB 4 (protection maximale
requise).
Note 2 à l'article: La classification dépend de l'infectiosité, de la gravité de la maladie, du risque de transmission, et
du type de travail. Voir le Manuel de sécurité biologique en laboratoire de l'OMS ou la BMBL de la CDC (Biosafety in
Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories) pour plus de détails.
Note 3 à l'article: Toute référence aux niveaux de biosécurité figurant dans le présent document est donnée à titre
indicatif. Les exigences réelles en matière de confinement sont soumises aux réglementations nationales et/ou
régionales applicables.
3.5
UFC
unité formant colonie
unité de bactéries ou de moisissures cultivables présentes dans un échantillon, exprimée en nombre de
colonies formées dans des conditions de culture spécifiées
Note 1 à l'article: Pour les micro-organismes dans l'air, les concentrations sont généralement exprimées en unités
formant colonie par mètre cube d'air échantillonné (UFC/m ).
3.6
débit d'air
volume d'air passant à travers le dispositif d'épuration d'air par unité de temps
Note 1 à l'article: Le débit est défini comme le quotient de la quantité d'air passant à travers un plan spécifié et la durée.
3.7
UFP
unité formant plage
unité de virus cultivables présents dans un échantillon, déterminée par leur capacité à former des plages
dans des conditions de culture spécifiées
Note 1 à l'article: Pour les virus dans l'air, les concentrations sont généralement exprimées en unités formant plage par
mètre cube d'air échantillonné (UFP/m ).
3.8
dispositif d'essai
épurateur d'air soumis à des essais de performance
Note 1 à l'article: “Épurateurs d'air” se réfère aux filtres à air installés dans un système de chauffage, de ventilation
et de conditionnement d'air (CVC) et aux systèmes de purification d'air de bâtiments commerciaux, institutionnels et
d'immeubles de bureaux, ou aux stérilisateurs d'air.
[SOURCE: ISO 29464:2024, 3.1.45, modifié – La Note 1 à l'article a été ajoutée. Les termes “dispositif soumis
à essai” et “DUT” ont été supprimés.]
3.9
banc d'essai
ensemble complet des équipements utilisés pour déterminer la performance d'un épurateur d'air
4 Principe
Cette méthode d'essai permet de déterminer la performance d'un épurateur d'air capable d'inactiver ou
d'éliminer les micro-organismes en suspension dans l'air dans un conduit ou un système CVC en mesurant
les micro-organismes en amont et en aval du dispositif d'essai.
Le dispositif d'essai peut éliminer physiquement les micro-organismes de l'air ou peut provoquer une
détérioration suffisante pour empêcher la reproduction des micro-organismes échantillonnés (inactivation),
ou les deux en parallèle.
Cet essai est réalisé sur un grand banc d'essai d'environ 600 mm × 600 mm (2 pieds × 2 pieds). Le banc
d'essai requis pour réaliser cet essai est décrit à l'Article 5.
5 Installations et modes opératoires d'essai
5.1 Banc d'essai
Le banc d'essai utilisé pour le présent document doit satisfaire aux exigences de l'ISO 16890-2, sauf indication
contraire dans le présent article. Une représentation schématique du banc d'essai est donnée à la Figure 1.
La longueur minimale de chaque section où le banc d'essai est divisé est indiquée. Il convient que la longueur
du banc d'essai soit dimensionnée de manière à respecter la concentration en bioaérosols décrite au 7.2.

Dimensions en millimètres
Légende
1 filtration HEPA en amont avec une grille d'amortissement des turbulences pour fournir de l'air propre
2 génération de micro-organismes d'essai
3 orifice d'échantillonnage des micro-organismes en amont
4 prise de pression du filtre d'essai en amont
5 dispositif d'essai
6 prise de pression du filtre d'essai en aval
7 orifice d'échantillonnage des micro-organismes en aval
8 filtration HEPA en aval avec une grille d'amortissement des turbulences pour empêcher les particules de
s'échapper du conduit
9 exemple d'emplacement du dispositif de mesurage du débit d'air
10 exemple de trous d'échantillonnage pour l'uniformité du flux d'air dans le conduit
Figure 1 — Représentation schématique du banc d'essai
5.2 Injection de bioaérosol
Le bioaérosol doit être injecté
...