SIST EN 14214:2026

• Abstract:

  This document specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered fatty acid methyl esters (hereafter known as FAME) to be used either as fuel for diesel engines and for heating applications at 100 % concentration, or as a blend component for fuel for diesel engines and heating applications in accordance with the requirements of appropriate standards. At 100 % concentration it is applicable to fuel for use in diesel engines and in heating applications designed or subsequently adapted to run on 100 % FAME.; NOTE For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ.

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 03-Mar-2024
• Publication Date: 06-Oct-2026
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• ICS: 75.160.40 - Biofuels
• Technical Committee: NAD - Petroleum products, lubricants and related products
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 04-Sep-2026
• Due Date: 09-Nov-2026
• Completion Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Directive: 2014/94/EU - Directive 2014/94/EU of The European Parliament and of The Council of 22 October 2014 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure
• Directive:

  ---

  98/70/EC - Quality of petrol and diesel fuels (Dir. 93/12/EEC amendment)
• Mandate: M/245 - Mandate to CEN for the elaboration and adoption of standards concerning minimum requirement specifications including test methods for Fatty Acid MethylEster (FAME) as fuel for diesel engines and for space heating
• Ref Project: EN 14214:2026 - Liquid petroleum products - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications - Requirements and test methods

• Replaces: SIST EN 14214:2012+A2:2019 - Liquid petroleum products - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2026
• Referred By: SIST-TP CEN/TR 16557:2013 - Automotive fuels - High FAME (B11 - B30) diesel fuel blends - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 14125:2025 - Thermoplastic and flexible metal pipework for underground installation at petrol filling stations
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12916:2016 - Petroleum products - Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method with refractive index detection
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 16270:2015 - Automotive fuels - Determination of high-boiling components including fatty acid methyl esters in petrol and ethanol (E85) automotive fuel - Gas chromatography method
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2017 - Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel and blends with FAME - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12916:2006 - Petroleum products - Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method with refractive index detection
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12916:2019+A1:2022 - Petroleum products - Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method with refractive index detection
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12916:2024 - Petroleum products - Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method with refractive index detection
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST-TS CEN/TS 15940:2012 - Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel from synthesis or hydrotreatment - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 16270:2012 - Automotive fuels - Determination of high-boiling components in petrol - Gas chromatographic method
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST-TP CEN/TR 15367-3:2009 - Petroleum products - Guide for good housekeeping - Part 3: Prevention of cross contamination
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 14078:2010 - Liquid petroleum products - Determination of fatty methyl ester (FAME) content in middle distillates - Infrared spectrometrymethod
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 13617-1:2012 - Petrol filling stations - Part 1: Safety requirements for construction and performance of metering pumps, dispensers and remote pumping units
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12916:2019 - Petroleum products - Determination of aromatic hydrocarbon types in middle distillates - High performance liquid chromatography method with refractive index detection
• Effective Date: 07-Oct-2026

SIST EN 14214:2026 is a CEN European Standard for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) used in diesel engines and heating applications. It specifies requirements, test methods, climate-dependent grades and dispute procedures for marketed and delivered FAME used neat at 100% or as a blend component, so producers, blenders, laboratories and buyers can check whether a batch is fit for its intended fuel use.

The standard is written for practical quality control. It uses % (m/m) for mass fraction and % (V/V) for volume fraction.

What does SIST EN 14214:2026 specify?

SIST EN 14214:2026 specifies the product characteristics, test methods and climate-related grades for FAME used either on its own or as a component in diesel fuel and heating fuel. For neat use, it applies to fuels designed or adapted to run on 100% FAME. For blend use, it sets the requirements for the FAME component that must then meet the relevant fuel standard.

The document is organized into:

• Clause 1 - Scope
• Clause 2 - Normative references
• Clause 3 - Terms and definitions
• Clause 4 - Sampling
• Clause 5 - Pump marking
• Clause 6 - Requirements and test methods
• Annexes A to D - calculation aids, background information and additional guidance

Annex	What it covers
Annex A	Correction factor for calculating FAME density at 15 °C
Annex B	Background for choosing national climate grades
Annex C	Additional information on oxidation stability at 120 °C
Annex D	Calculation of FAME content average molecular weight

What are the key requirements of SIST EN 14214:2026?

SIST EN 14214:2026 combines product limits, climate-dependent grades and dispute methods. In practice, the standard is used to decide whether delivered FAME can be released for use, blended, stored or marked as suitable for a specific fuel application.

Sampling, marking and additives

Clause 4 requires sampling in accordance with EN ISO 3170 or EN ISO 3171. This matters because many of the tests are sensitive to contamination and sample handling, so the sample has to represent the product in storage or in a pipeline.

Clause 5 requires marking on dispensing pumps and nozzles used for FAME fuel for diesel engines in accordance with EN 16942. That helps users identify the fuel at the point of delivery.

Clause 6.1 allows dyes or markers only if they do not interfere with legally required dyes or markers in finished fuels. Clause 6.2 allows additives for performance quality, and it strongly recommends oxidation stability enhancing additives at production and before storage. Clause 6.2.3 does not allow adding diesel or other hydrocarbons before compliance testing. In practice, that means compliance checks must be done on the FAME material itself, not on a diluted mixture.

General product requirements

Clause 6.3 and Table 1 set the general requirements for FAME. They cover FAME content, density, viscosity, flash point, cetane number, oxidation stability, acid value, iodine value, linolenic acid methyl ester, polyunsaturated esters, methanol, mono-, di- and triglycerides, free and total glycerol, water, total contamination, sulfur, Group I metals, Group II metals, phosphorus and saturated monoglycerides.

Several items are reporting criteria rather than pass-fail limits. That includes FAME content average molecular weight, phosphorus content by EN 14538, and saturated monoglycerides (SMG) by EN 17057. These reporting items give extra data on composition and contamination risk, which is useful for product development and for tracking whether the measured values support future limit setting.

Clause 6.3.3 requires the FAME to be free from adulterants or contaminants that would make it unacceptable for diesel engine vehicles or heating applications. Clause 6.3.4 sets a minimum net calorific value for heating use. In practice, that ensures the fuel delivers usable energy for heating applications, not just chemical conformity.

Climate-dependent grades

Clause 6.4 allows climate-dependent requirements to be defined nationally. For neat FAME, Table 2 provides CFPP grades that national annexes can select from. For FAME used as a blend component, Tables 3 and 4 provide grade options for cloud point, CFPP and monoglycerides content.

This matters because cold flow performance changes with climate and blending. The standard therefore expects National Standardization Bodies to define summer and winter grades, and possibly intermediate or regional grades, based on national meteorological data. For blend use, the climate grades are chosen before cold flow additives are applied, so the base FAME has to be suitable on its own.

Precision and disputes

Clause 6.5 says that all listed methods include precision statements and that disputes are resolved using EN ISO 4259-2. It also assigns arbitration methods for specific properties such as density, viscosity, flash point, cetane number, oxidation stability, iodine value, free glycerol, sulfur, metals, phosphorus, cloud point and CFPP.

That is important for contracts and acceptance testing. If buyer and supplier obtain different results, the standard tells them which method controls the final decision and how to handle bias correction.

What terms does SIST EN 14214:2026 define?

• FAME - fatty acid methyl ester, defined as an ester made by transesterification or esterification of fats and oils of vegetal or animal origin.
• CFPP - cold filter plugging point, a low-temperature property used to judge whether fuel can pass through filters in cold conditions.
• SMG - saturated monoglycerides, a reported property linked in the document to cold-flow behavior in FAME blends.
• BHT - 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, cited as an example of an oxidation stability enhancing additive.
• DCN - derived cetane number, an ignition-quality indicator used for diesel-type fuels.
• ICN - indicated cetane number, another ignition-quality indicator used in one of the cited test methods.

Who uses SIST EN 14214:2026?

SIST EN 14214:2026 is used by FAME producers, fuel blenders, storage and distribution operators, testing laboratories, quality managers, purchasers and fuel-specification writers. They use it to sample material, test batch quality, define supply contracts, choose climate grades, mark dispensing equipment and resolve disputes over conformity. National Standardization Bodies also use it when creating national normative annexes for seasonal fuel grades.

What changed in SIST EN 14214:2026 from the previous edition?

SIST EN 14214:2026 supersedes EN 14214:2012+A2:2019. The foreword states these main technical changes:

• normative references were updated to undated versions
• the scope wording was clarified
• the BHT example was moved into a note
• information on net calorific values for heating applications was added
• FAME content average molecular weight became a reporting criterion
• the copper corrosion and sulfated ash requirements were deleted
• the limits for Group I metals and Group II metals were reduced
• phosphorus content and saturated monoglycerides were added as reporting criteria
• climate-dependent requirements were reworked as a recommendation for national normative annexes
• EN 23015 was replaced by EN ISO 3015 for cloud point, and EN ISO 22995 was added as an alternative cloud point method
• EN 12662 was replaced by EN 12662-2 for total contamination
• EN ISO 18335 was added as an alternative viscosity method
• EN ISO 20884 was removed as an arbitration method for sulfur

Which standards are used with SIST EN 14214:2026?

Standard	What it contributes
EN ISO 3170	Manual sampling
EN ISO 3171	Automatic pipeline sampling
EN 116	CFPP method and dispute method
EN 12662-2	Total contamination method
EN 14103	FAME content, linolenic acid methyl ester content and data for average molecular weight
EN 14104	Acid value
EN 14105	Free and total glycerol, mono-, di- and triglycerides; also free glycerol dispute method
EN 14106	Free glycerol
EN 14107	Phosphorus content; dispute method for phosphorus
EN 14108 / EN 14109	Sodium and potassium content
EN 14110	Methanol content
EN 14111	Iodine value; dispute method
EN 14112	Oxidation stability at 110 °C
EN 14538	Ca, Mg, Na, K and P by ICP OES; dispute method for metals and phosphorus
EN 15195	Ignition delay and derived cetane number
EN 15751	Oxidation stability by accelerated oxidation method at 110 °C; dispute method
EN 15779	Polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters
EN 16294	Phosphorus content by ICP OES
EN 16300	Iodine value by calculation from gas chromatographic data
EN 16329	CFPP by linear cooling bath
EN 16715	Ignition delay and combustion delay method
EN 16942	Fuel identification and pump marking
EN 17057	Saturated monoglycerides content
EN 17155	Indicated cetane number
EN ISO 2719	Flash point, Pensky-Martens method
EN ISO 3015	Cloud point; dispute method for cloud point
EN ISO 3104	Kinematic viscosity; dispute method for viscosity
EN ISO 3675 / EN ISO 12185	Density methods; EN ISO 12185 is the dispute method
EN ISO 3679	Flash point dispute method
EN ISO 4259-2	Precision interpretation and dispute resolution
EN ISO 5165	Cetane engine method; dispute method for cetane number
EN ISO 12937	Water content
EN ISO 13032	Low sulfur by X-ray fluorescence
EN ISO 18335	Alternative viscosity method
EN ISO 20846	Sulfur content; dispute method
EN ISO 22995	Alternative cloud point method
EN ISO 23581	Alternative viscosity method
EN 14331	Identification of FAME in hydrocarbon blends
EN 14078	FAME content in middle distillates
EN 16568:2023	Oxidation stability at 120 °C, discussed in Annex C
EN 590	Diesel fuel specification referenced for blend context
EN 16934	Steryl glycosides method, cited in the background material
CEN/TR 15367-1	Good housekeeping guidance for diesel fuels
CEN/TR 16884	Cold operability testing and fuel performance correlation
CEN/TR 16982	Cold filterability issues
EN 14103:2020	Current version cited for Annex D calculations
EN ISO 20846:2019 / EN ISO 20884:2019	Current versions cited in the bibliography for sulfur methods

What does the SIST EN 14214:2026 document contain?

SIST EN 14214:2026 contains one general requirements table, three climate-related grade tables, dispute-method rules and four informative or normative annexes. It also includes a calculation note for density correction and a worked calculation approach for average molecular weight in Annex D. For users, the document is mainly a specification-and-test package: it tells them what to measure, which method to use, and how to interpret conflicting results.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2026
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 14214:2012+A2:2019
Tekoči naftni proizvodi - Metilni estri maščobnih kislin (FAME) za dizelske motorje
in ogrevanje - Zahteve in preskusne metode
Liquid petroleum products - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines
and heating applications - Requirements and test methods
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME) zur Verwendung in
Dieselmotoren und als Heizöl - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Produits pétroliers liquides - Esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) pour moteurs
diesel et comme combustible de chauffage - Exigences et méthodes d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14214:2026
ICS:
75.160.20 Tekoča goriva Liquid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 14214
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2026
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.160.40 Supersedes EN 14214:2012+A2:2019
English Version
Liquid petroleum products - Fatty acid methyl esters
(FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications -
Requirements and test methods
Produits pétroliers liquides - Esters méthyliques Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Fettsäure-Methylester
d'acides gras (EMAG) pour moteurs diesel et comme (FAME) zur Verwendung in Dieselmotoren und als
combustible de chauffage - Exigences et méthodes Heizöl - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
d'essai
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 August 2026.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14214:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Sampling . 8
5 Pump marking . 9
6 Requirements and test methods . 9
6.1 Dyes and markers . 9
6.2 Additives . 9
6.2.1 General . 9
6.2.2 Oxidation stability enhancing additives . 9
6.2.3 Non-FAME components . 9
6.3 Generally applicable requirements and related test methods . 9
6.4 Climate dependent requirements and related test methods . 12
6.4.1 General . 12
6.4.2 FAME being used at 100 % as fuel for diesel engines and heating applications . 12
6.4.3 FAME being used as blend component in diesel fuel and heating fuel . 13
6.5 Precision and dispute . 14
Annex A (normative) Correction factor for calculation of density of FAME . 16
Annex B (informative) Background information for national climate grades selection. 17
Annex C (informative) Additional information for the determination of oxidation stability
of neat fatty acid methyl esters . 20
Annex D (informative) Information on the calculation of the FAME content average
molecular weight . 21
Bibliography . 23

European foreword
This document (EN 14214:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and
liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat
of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2027, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by March 2027.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 14214:2012+A2:2019.
This document includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
EN 14214:2012+A2:2019:
— update of the normative references towards undated versions;
— clarification of the wording of the scope;
— moving the information on the use of BHT as one example of an oxidation stabilizer in a note;
— inclusion of information on net calorific values for FAME used in heating applications;
— introduction of FAME content average molecular weight as a reporting criterion to be determined
from the content of each fatty acid methyl ester in the FAME material, determined in accordance with
EN 14103, and their respective molecular weights;
— deletion of the requirement on copper corrosion as it is no longer considered meaningful;
— deletion of the requirement on sulfated ash content as it is no longer considered meaningful ;
— decrease of the Group I metals (Na+K) content limit from 5,0 mg/kg to 4,0 mg/kg;
— decrease of the Group II metals (Ca+Mg) content limit from 5,0 mg/kg to 4,0 mg/kg;
— introduction of phosphorus content as an additional reporting criterion to be determined with
EN 14538 in order to obtain information on actual phosphorus levels and experience with the
updated method;
— adaptation of 6.4 with the transformation of the requirement to countries to develop a national
normative annex defining climate-dependent requirements into a recommendation to National
Standardization Bodies to develop such an annex;
— introduction of saturated monoglycerides content as a reporting criterion to be determined with
EN 17057 in order to obtain information on actual saturated monoglycerides levels and experience
with the method;
— deletion of the paragraph on distilled FAME, as there is no general definition of a distilled FAME,
addition of a note that FAME containing very low contents of monoglycerides and other
contaminants can be produced by, for example, distillation;
— subdivision of 6.5 to clearly identify the arbitration method for each relevant property in the tables;
— introduction under 6.5.14 of a statement on how to handle bias correction;
— deletion of EN ISO 20884 as a designated arbitration method for the determination of sulfur content;
— conversion of EN 23015 to EN ISO 3015 as test method for the determination of cloud point (CP);
— inclusion of EN ISO 22995 as an alternative test method for the determination of cloud point (CP);
— definition of EN ISO 3015 as the arbitration test method for the determination of cloud point (CP) in
cases of dispute;
— conversion of EN 12662 to EN 12662-2 as test method for the determination of total contamination;
— inclusion of EN ISO 18335 as an alternative test method for the determination of viscosity;
— deletion of Annex A (and renumbering of the following annexes) after re-evaluation of Table A.1 and
conclusion that there are no methods with different precision statements for FAME that are not
already addressed in the methods;
— adaptation of Annex B taking into account the introduction of saturated monoglycerides content as a
reporting criterion in Table 1;
— introduction of Annex C to inform users about the results of the ILS conducted in 2023 using
EN 16568:2023 to determine oxidation stability at 120 °C;
— introduction of Annex D to guide users for the calculation of FAME content average molecular weight.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document gives all relevant characteristics, requirements and test methods for fatty acid methyl
esters (FAME), which are known at this time to be necessary to define the product for use in diesel
engines and in heating applications.
Many of the test methods included in this document have been the subject of several interlaboratory
testing to determine their applicability and their precision in relation to different sources of FAME.
Subclause 6.4 gives climate-dependent requirements with options for grades suitable under certain
environmental temperatures. To guide the user in the choice of relevant grades, the definition of a
national normative annex is strongly recommended. National Standardization Bodies are responsible for
adding a national normative annex to this document. Users should contact their National Standardization
Body in case a national normative annex is missing.
Concerning cold temperature properties of diesel blends related to the quality of the FAME used as a
blending component, strong indications towards the relationship with saturated monoglycerides (SMG)
and steryl-glycosides (SG) have become known. As no test methods to detect those components
separately were available in the past, an interim solution in setting cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and
cloud point (CP) limitations has been included in EN 14214:2012 and its subsequent editions (see
Table 3).
With EN 17057, a suitable test method for the direct determination of the content of saturated
monoglycerides in FAME is now available. To gain experience in all CEN member countries with SMG, the
parameter has been introduced as a reporting parameter in Table 1 of this document. The information
gained will be used for consideration for future limit setting.
Since EN 16934 [1] was published in 2017, data gathered for Europe have shown very low levels of SG
below the detection limit and there have been no reported problems in the field that have been attributed
to SG content. It is therefore not currently possible to determine an appropriate limit for SG. The situation
and data will continue to be monitored.
In order to improve the lifetime of the exhaust aftertreatment system, lowering of the phosphorus limit
is under investigation. EN 14538 for the determination of phosphorus has improved precision compared
to EN 14107 and EN 16294 and is implemented as a reporting criterion to be able to collect data on
phosphorus content in the future.
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered fatty acid methyl
esters (hereafter known as FAME) to be used either as fuel for diesel engines and for heating applications
at 100 % concentration, or as a blend component for fuel for diesel engines and heating applications in
accordance with the requirements of appropriate standards. At 100 % concentration it is applicable to
fuel for use in diesel engines and in heating applications designed or subsequently adapted to run on
100 % FAME.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent
respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 116, Diesel and domestic heating fuels — Determination of cold filter plugging point — Stepwise cooling
bath method
EN 12662-2, Liquid petroleum products — Determination of total contamination — Part 2: Fatty acid
methyl esters
EN 14103, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of ester and
linolenic acid methyl ester contents
EN 14104, Fat and oil derivates — Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) — Determination of acid value
EN 14105, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of free and total
glycerol and mono-, di-, triglyceride contents
EN 14106, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of free glycerol
content
EN 14107, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of phosphorus
content by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometry
EN 14108, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of sodium content
by atomic absorption spectrometry
EN 14109, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of potassium
content by atomic absorption spectrometry
EN 14110, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of methanol content
EN 14111, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of iodine value
EN 14112, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Determination of oxidation
stability (accelerated oxidation test)
EN 14538, Fat and oil derivatives — Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) — Determination of Ca, Mg, Na, K and
P content by optical emission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES)
EN 15195, Liquid petroleum products — Determination of ignition delay and derived cetane number (DCN)
of middle distillate fuels by combustion in a constant volume chamber
EN 15751, Automotive fuels — Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and blends with diesel fuel —
Determination of oxidation stability by accelerated oxidation method at 110 °C
EN 15779, Petroleum products and fat and oil derivates — Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel
engines — Determination of polyunsaturated (≥4 double bonds) fatty acid methyl esters (PUFA) by gas
chromatography
EN 16294, Petroleum products and fat and oil derivatives — Determination of phosphorus content in fatty
acid methyl esters (FAME) — Optical emission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES)
EN 16300, Automotive fuels — Determination of iodine value in fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) —
Calculation method from gas chromatographic data
EN 16329, Diesel and domestic heating fuels — Determination of cold filter plugging point — Linear cooling
bath method
EN 16715, Liquid petroleum products — Determination of ignition delay and derived cetane number (DCN)
of middle distillate fuels — Ignition delay and combustion delay determination using a constant volume
combustion chamber with direct fuel injection
EN 16942, Fuels — Identification of vehicle compatibility — Graphical expression for consumer information
EN 17057, Automotive fuels and fat and oil derivates — Determination of saturated monoglycerides content
in Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) — Method by GC-FID
EN 17155, Liquid petroleum products — Determination of indicated cetane number (ICN) of middle
distillate fuels — Primary reference fuels calibration method using a constant volume combustion chamber
EN ISO 2719, Determination of flash point — Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ISO 2719)
EN ISO 3015, Petroleum and related products from natural or synthetic sources — Determination of cloud
point (ISO 3015)
EN ISO 3104, Petroleum products — Transparent and opaque liquids — Determination of kinematic
viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104)
EN ISO 3170, Hydrocarbon Liquids — Manual Sampling (ISO 3170)
EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171)
EN ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products — Laboratory determination of density —
Hydrometer method (ISO 3675)
EN ISO 3679, Determination of flash point — Method for flash no-flash and flash point by small scale closed
cup tester (ISO 3679)
EN ISO 4259-2, Petroleum and related products — Precision of measurement methods and results —
Part 2: Interpretation and application of precision data in relation to methods of test (ISO 4259-2)
EN ISO 5165, Petroleum products — Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels — Cetane engine
method (ISO 5165)
EN ISO 12185, Crude petroleum, petroleum products and related products — Determination of density —
Laboratory density meter with an oscillating U-tube sensor (ISO 12185)
EN ISO 12937, Petroleum products — Determination of water — Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method
(ISO 12937)
EN ISO 13032, Petroleum and related products — Determination of low concentration of sulfur in
automotive fuels — Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric method (ISO 13032)
EN ISO 18335, Petroleum products and related products — Determination of kinematic viscosity by
calculation from the measured dynamic viscosity and density — Method by constant pressure viscometer
(ISO 18335)
EN ISO 20846, Petroleum products — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels — Ultraviolet
fluorescence method (ISO 20846)
EN ISO 20884, Petroleum products — Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels — Wavelength-
dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ISO 20884)
EN ISO 22995, Petroleum products — Determination of cloud point — Automated step-wise cooling method
(ISO 22995)
EN ISO 23581, Petroleum products and related products — Determination of kinematic viscosity —Method
by Stabinger type viscometer (ISO 23581)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
fatty acid methyl ester
FAME
ester derived by transesterification or esterification of fats and oils of vegetal or animal origin
4 Sampling
Samples shall be taken in accordance with EN ISO 3170 or EN ISO 3171 for the sampling of automotive
diesel fuel or heating fuel.
NOTE National standards or regulations can apply. The national requirements can be set out in a national
annex to this document, either in detail or by reference only.
In view of the sensitivity of some of the test methods referred to in this document, particular attention
shall be paid to compliance with any guidance on sampling containers, which is included in the respective
test method standard.
5 Pump marking
Information to be marked on dispensing pumps and nozzles used for delivering FAME fuel to be used as
fuel in diesel engines, and the dimensions of the mark shall be in accordance with EN 16942.
6 Requirements and test methods
6.1 Dyes and markers
The use of dyes or markers is allowed provided they do not affect the performance of legally required
dyes or markers in finished fuels.
6.2 Additives
6.2.1 General
In order to improve and/or maintain the performance quality, the use of additives is allowed. Suitable
fuel additives without known harmful side effects are recommended in the appropriate amount, to help
avoid deterioration of driveability and emissions control durability. Other technical means with
equivalent effect may also be used.
NOTE At the time of publication of this document, deposit forming tendency test methods suitable for routine
control purposes have not yet been identified and developed.
6.2.2 Oxidation stability enhancing additives
In order to improve the oxidation stability of FAME, it is strongly recommended to add oxidation stability
enhancing additives to FAME at the production stage and before storage.
NOTE The use of 1 000 mg/kg of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT) has proven to be effective, although
the resulting oxidation stability varies depending on the FAME feedstocks.
CAUTION — There is a potential risk of precipitate formation with oxidation stability enhancing additives
at low temperatures in low aromatic arctic fuel. Caution should therefore be taken in the choice of
oxidation stability enhancing additives to arctic grade FAME.
6.2.3 Non-FAME components
The addition of non-FAME components (other than additives) such as diesel or other hydrocarbons prior
to testing FAME for compliance with the EN 14214 specification is not permitted.
6.3 Generally applicable requirements and related test methods
6.3.1 When tested by the methods indicated in Table 1, FAME shall be in accordance with the limits
specified in Table 1. The test methods listed in Table 1 have been shown to be applicable to FAME in an
interlaboratory test programme.
6.3.2 In case of a need for identification of FAME in a hydrocarbon blend, the recommended method
based on separation and characterization of FAME by LC/GC is EN 14331 [2].
6.3.3 FAME shall be free from any adulterant or contaminant that may render the fuel unacceptable for
use in diesel engine vehicles and heating applications.
NOTE For further information on preventing contamination by water or sediment that can occur in the supply
chain, see CEN/TR 15367-1 [3].
6.3.4 When used for heating fuel purposes, either at 100 % or as blend component, FAME shall have a
mi
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