SIST EN ISO 22854:2008

Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in automotive-motor gasoline - Multidimensional gas chromatography method (ISO 22854:2008)

This International Standard specifies the gas chromatographic (GC) method for the determination of saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons in automotive motor gasoline. Additionally, the benzene content, oxygenate compounds and total oxygenate content can be determined. This International Standard is applicable to automotive motor gasoline with a total content of aromatics of up to 50 % (V/V); a total olefin content from about 1,5 % (V/V) up to 30 % (V/V); oxygenate compounds, from 0,8 % (V/V) up to 15 % (V/V); a total oxygen content from about 1 ,5 % (m/m) to about 3 % (m/m); and a benzene content of up to 2 % (V/V). Although this test method can be used to determine higher-olefin contents of up to 50 % (V/V), the precision for olefins was tested only in the range from about 1,5 % (V/V) to about 30 % (V/V). Although specifically developed for the analysis of automotive motor gasoline that contains oxygenates, this test method can also be applied to other hydrocarbon streams having similar boiling ranges, such as naphthas and reformates.

Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen und der sauerstoffhaltigen Verbindungen in Kraftstoffen für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren - Multidimensionales gaschromatographisches Verfahren (ISO 22854:2008)

Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur gaschromatographischen Bestimmung der Gehalte an gesättigten, olefinischen und aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen in handelsüblichen Ottokraftstoffen nach EN 228 fest. Zusätzlich können die Gehalte an Benzol, sauerstoffhaltigen Verbindungen und der Gesamtsauerstoffgehalt bestimmt werden.
Dieses Verfahren ist anwendbar für Ottokraftstoffe mit einem Gesamtaromatengehalt bis 50 % (V/V), einem Gesamtolefingehalt von 1,5 % (V/V) bis 30 % (V/V), einem Gehalt an sauerstoffhaltigen Verbindungen bis 15 % (V/V), einem Gesamtsauerstoffgehalt von etwa 1,5 % (m/m) bis etwa 3 % (m/m) und einem Benzolgehalt unter 2 % (V/V).
ANMERKUNG 1   Für die Zwecke dieser Europäischen Norm werden die „Begriffe“ „% (m/m)“ und „% (V/V)“ verwendet, um den Massenanteil in Prozent bzw. den Volumenanteil in Prozent auszudrücken.
ANMERKUNG 2   Während der Entwicklung des Verfahrens war das Siedeende auf 215 °C eingeschränkt.
ANMERKUNG 3   Präzisionsdaten für sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen wurden für Proben ermittelt, die Ethyl-tert-butylether (ETBE), Methyl-tert-butylether (MTBE), tert-Amyl-methylether (TAME), i-Propanol, i-Butanol, tert-Butanol, Methanol und Ethanol enthalten haben. Für Methanol ermittelte Präzisionsangaben erfüllten nicht die sonst an diese Angaben gestellten Anforderungen. Dieses Verfahren ist ebenso für die Bestimmung des Gehaltes an n-Propanol, und di Isopropylether (DIPE) geeignet; jedoch liegen hierfür keine Präzisionsdaten vor.
ANMERKUNG 4   Obwohl dieses Verfahren für die Bestimmung von Olefingehalten bis zu 50 % (V/V) verwendet werden kann, wurden die Präzisionsdaten lediglich für den Bereich von etwa 1,5 % (V/V) bis etwa 30 % (V/V) ermittelt.
ANMERKUNG 5   Obgleich dieses Verfahren zur Analyse von handelsüblichen Ottokraftstoffen entwickelt wurde, kann es ebenso für Kohlenwasserstoffschnitte mit ähnlichen Siedebereichen wie Naphthas und Reformaten angewendet werden.

Produits pétroliers liquides - Détermination des groupes d'hydrocarbures et de la teneur en composés oxygénés de l'essence automobile pour moteurs - Méthode par chromatographie multidimensionnelle en phase gazeuse (ISO 22854:2008)

L'ISO 22854:2008 spécifie la méthode par chromatographie gazeuse (CG) pour la détermination des teneurs en hydrocarbures saturés, oléfiniques et aromatiques, dans les essences automobiles. En outre, les teneurs en benzène, en composés oxygénés et en oxygène total peuvent être déterminées par cette méthode.
L'ISO 22854:2008 est applicable aux essences automobiles finies ayant une fraction volumique totale d'aromatiques allant jusqu'à 50 %, une fraction volumique totale d'oléfines allant d'environ 1,5 % jusqu'a 30 %, une fraction volumique des composés oxygénés allant de 0,8 % jusqu'à 15 %, une fraction massique totale d'oxygène allant de 1,5 % environ à 3 % environ et une fraction volumique de benzène allant jusqu'à 2 %.
Bien que la présente méthode d'essai puisse être utilisée pour déterminer des teneurs plus élevées en oléfines, allant jusqu'à 50 % en fraction volumique, la fidélité pour les oléfines a seulement été établie pour des fractions massiques comprises entre 1,5 % environ et 30 % environ.
Bien qu'elle ait été développée spécialement pour l'analyse des essences automobiles contenant des produits oxygénés, l'ISO 22854:2008 peut aussi être appliquée à d'autres produits hydrocarbonés de domaine d'ébullition voisin, tels que les naphtas ou les essences de reformatage.

Tekoči naftni proizvodi - Določevanje vrste ogljikovodikov in oksigenatov v bencinih - Metoda multidimenzionalne plinske kromatografije (ISO 22854:2008)

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 19-Oct-2008
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Mar-2014
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: NAD - Petroleum products, lubricants and related products
• Current Stage: 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 28-Mar-2014
• Due Date: 20-Apr-2014
• Completion Date: 31-Mar-2014
• Ref Project: EN ISO 22854:2008 - Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in automotive-motor gasoline - Multidimensional gas chromatography method (ISO 22854:2008)

Relations

• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 22854:2014 - Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in automotivemotor gasoline - Multidimensional gas chromatography method (ISO 22854:2014)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Replaces: SIST EN 14517:2004 - Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in petrol - Multidimensional gas chromatography method
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2008
• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 22854:2014 - Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in automotivemotor gasoline - Multidimensional gas chromatography method (ISO 22854:2014)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
01-december-2008
7HNRþLQDIWQLSURL]YRGL'RORþHYDQMHYUVWHRJOMLNRYRGLNRYLQRNVLJHQDWRYY
EHQFLQLK0HWRGDPXOWLGLPHQ]LRQDOQHSOLQVNHNURPDWRJUDILMH,62
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in
automotive-motor gasoline - Multidimensional gas chromatography method (ISO
22854:2008)
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen und der
sauerstoffhaltigen Verbindungen in Kraftstoffen für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren -
Multidimensionales gaschromatographisches Verfahren (ISO 22854:2008)
Produits pétroliers liquides - Détermination des groupes d'hydrocarbures et de la teneur
en composés oxygénés de l'essence automobile pour moteurs - Méthode par
chromatographie multidimensionnelle en phase gazeuse (ISO 22854:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22854:2008
ICS:
75.160.20 7HNRþDJRULYD Liquid fuels
SIST EN ISO 22854:2008 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 22854
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2008
ICS 75.080 Supersedes EN 14517:2004
English Version
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types
and oxygenates in automotive-motor gasoline - Multidimensional
gas chromatography method (ISO 22854:2008)
Produits pétroliers liquides - Détermination des groupes Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der
d'hydrocarbures et de la teneur en composés oxygénés de Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen und der sauerstoffhaltigen
l'essence automobile pour moteurs - Méthode par Verbindungen in Kraftstoffen für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren -
chromatographie multidimensionnelle en phase gazeuse Multidimensionales gaschromatographisches Verfahren
(ISO 22854:2008) (ISO 22854:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22854:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
EN ISO 22854:2008 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3

2

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
EN ISO 22854:2008 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 22854:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and
liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat of
which is held by NEN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 "Petroleum products and
lubricants".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 14517:2004.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

3

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22854
First edition
2008-10-01

Liquid petroleum products —
Determination of hydrocarbon types and
oxygenates in automotive-motor
gasoline — Multidimensional gas
chromatography method
Produits pétroliers liquides — Détermination des groupes
d'hydrocarbures et de la teneur en composés oxygénés de l'essence
automobile pour moteurs — Méthode par chromatographie
multidimensionnelle en phase gazeuse




Reference number
ISO 22854:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
ISO 22854:2008(E)
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©  ISO 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
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Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
ISO 22854:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Principle.3
5 Reagents and materials .3
6 Apparatus .4
7 Sampling.4
8 Procedure .4
9 Calculation.5
10 Expression of results .9
11 Precision.9
12 Test report .10
Annex A (informative) Instrument specifications .11
Annex B (informative) Examples of typical chromatograms .13
Bibliography .17

© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
ISO 22854:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22854 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 19, Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological
origin, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
ISO 22854:2008(E)
Introduction
[10]
This first edition of ISO 22854 is an update of the first edition of EN 14517:2004 . Recent round-robin work
has been incorporated to check whether the precision data for additional oxygenates fall within the ones given
in Table 5. The scope has been updated. An instrument configuration has been added to the informative
Annex A, describing an optimal set-up for the apparatus. In addition, Tables 1 and 2, with response factors,
have been updated based on recent experimental data.
Originally the document was used for determination of saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons in
automotive motor gasoline according to European fuel specifications. The method is applicable for finished
automotive motor gasoline with a total aromatic content up to 50 % (V/V) and a total olefin content from about
1,5 % (V/V) up to 30 % (V/V).
The inter-laboratory study within CEN had been performed on automotive motor gasoline samples with a
maximum of 30 % (V/V) olefin content. Within some countries, the need for higher olefin percentages was
expressed and an inter-laboratory study had been set up to determine precision data for automotive motor
gasoline samples with higher olefin contents of up to 50 % (V/V). In the first round robin, no samples with a
high-olefin content in this range were delivered and hence they could not be taken into account (see test after
Note 3 in the Scope). Once further results are known, this International Standard will be updated.
Applicability of this test method has also been verified for the determination of n-propanol, acetone, and
diisopropyl ether (DIPE). However, no precision data have been determined for these compounds. The
derived precision data for methanol do not comply with the precision calculation as presented in this
International Standard. No precision calculation for methanol has been established as the need for such data
has not been expressed. If any of these oxygenated compounds are present in the automotive motor gasoline
sample, it is appropriate that their contents best be verified by use of other appropriate test methods, for
[1]
instance as given in EN 228 .
[2]
The test method as described in this International Standard is harmonized with ASTM D 6839 .

© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22854:2008(E)

Liquid petroleum products — Determination of hydrocarbon
types and oxygenates in automotive-motor gasoline —
Multidimensional gas chromatography method
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the gas chromatographic (GC) method for the determination of
saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons in automotive motor gasoline. Additionally, the benzene
content, oxygenate compounds and total oxygenate content can be determined.
This International Standard is applicable to automotive motor gasoline with a total content of aromatics of up
to 50 % (V/V); a total olefin content from about 1,5 % (V/V) up to 30 % (V/V); oxygenate compounds, from
0,8 % (V/V) up to 15 % (V/V); a total oxygen content from about 1,5 % (m/m) to about 3 % (m/m); and a
benzene content of up to 2 % (V/V).
NOTE 1 For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used the represent, respectively,
the mass fraction and the volume fraction.
NOTE 2 While developing this method, the final boiling point was limited to 215 °C.
NOTE 3 For oxygenate compounds, precision data have been established on automotive motor gasoline samples
containing ethyl-tert-butyl ether (ETBE), methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-amyl-methyl ether (TAME), iso-propanol, iso-
butanol, tert-butanol, methanol and ethanol. The derived precision data for methanol do not comply with the precision
calculation as presented in this International Standard. Applicability of this International Standard has also been verified for
the determination of n-propanol, acetone, and di-isopropyl ether (DIPE). However, no precision data have been
determined for these compounds.
Although this test method can be used to determine higher-olefin contents of up to 50 % (V/V), the precision
for olefins was tested only in the range from about 1,5 % (V/V) to about 30 % (V/V).
Although specifically developed for the analysis of automotive motor gasoline that contains oxygenates, this
test method can also be applied to other hydrocarbon streams having similar boiling ranges, such as naphthas
and reformates.
NOTE 4 There can be an overlap between C9 and C10 aromatics. However, the total is accurate. Isopropyl benzene is
resolved from the C8 aromatics and is included with the other C9 aromatics.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3170:2004, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
ISO 3171:1988, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
ISO 22854:2008(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
hydrocarbon group
family of hydrocarbons such as saturated hydrocarbons, olefinic hydrocarbons, etc.
3.1.1
saturated hydrocarbon
saturate
type of straight-chain or cyclic hydrocarbon that contains no double bonds with a carbon number of 3 to 12
EXAMPLE n-Paraffins, iso-paraffins, naphthenes and poly-naphthenes.
3.1.2
olefinic hydrocarbon
olefin
type of hydrocarbon that contains double or triple bonds with a carbon number of 3 to 10
EXAMPLE n-Olefins, iso-olefins and cyclic olefins.
3.1.3
aromatic hydrocarbon
aromatic
type of cyclic hydrocarbon that contains double or triple bonds
EXAMPLE Benzene, toluene and higher homologous series with a carbon number of 6 to 10 and naphthalenes, with
a carbon number of up to 12.
3.2
oxygenate
oxygenated compound
type of straight-chain or cyclic hydrocarbon that contains an oxygen group, the addition of which is allowed
according to current petrol specifications
EXAMPLE Alcohols and ethers.
NOTE See Clause 1, Note 3.
3.3
partial group
PG
one carbon number in an individual group, being either a single compound like toluene or an isomeric mixture,
such as n-butane and iso-butane
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 22854:2008
ISO 22854:2008(E)
4 Principle
4.1 The automotive motor gasoline sample being analysed is separated into hydrocarbon groups by means
of gas chromatographic analysis using special column-coupling and column-switching procedures.
The automotive motor gasoline sample is injected into the gas chromatographic system and, after
vaporization, is separated into the different groups. Detection is always done by a flame ionization detector
(FID).
4.2 The mass concentration of each detected compound or hydrocarbon group is determined by the
application of relative response factors (see 9.1) to the area of the detected peaks, followed by normalization
to 100 %. For automotive motor gasoline samples containing oxygenates that cannot be determined by this
test method, the hydrocarbon results are normalized to 100 % minus the value of oxygenates as determined
by another method. The liquid volume concentration of each detected compound or hydrocarbon group is
determined by the application of density values (see 9.2) to the calculated mass concentration of the detected
peaks followed by normalization to 100 %.
IMPORTANT — It is essential to the correct execution of the method that great care be taken to ensure
that all compounds are correctly identified. This is especially true for the identification of oxygen-
containing compounds because of their wide range of response factors. It is, therefore, highly
recommended for correct identification to verify possibly unknown oxygenates using a reference
mixture that contains these pure compounds.
4.3 After this analysis, the automotive motor gasoline is separated into hydrocarbon groups and then by
carbon number. By the use of the corresponding relative response factors, the mass distributions of the
groups in the automotive motor gasoline sample can be calculated.
5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Gases
NOTE Installation of suitable moisture filters is recommended for helium and hydrogen lines.
5.1.1 Hydrogen, 99,999 % pure.
DANGER — Hydrogen is explosive when mixed with air at concentration between 4 % (V/V) and
75 % (V/V). See the equipment manufacturers’ manuals concerning leaks in the system.
5.1.2 Helium, 99,999 % pure.
5.1.3 Compressed air.
5.2 Vials, airtight and inert, e.g. with rubber-membrane caps covered with self-sealing polytetra-
fluoroethylene (PTFE).
5.3 Reference solutions, finished automotive motor gasoline(s) used as reference and which contain
components and concentration levels comparable to those of the test sample.
The composition of the reference solution should have been determined in a round robin or by other methods.
DANGER — Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.
NOTE Sulfur-containing compounds are irreversibly adsorbed in the olefins trap and can reduce its capacity to retain
olefins. Sulfur can also be adsorbed in the alcohol and ether-alcohol-aromatic traps. Although the effect of low amounts of
sulfur components on the various traps or columns is very small, it is important to exercise care with automotive motor
gasoline samples with high levels of sulfur.
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 3

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