SIST ISO 22028-2:2014
Photography and graphic technology - Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange - Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photography and graphic technology - Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange - Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
ISO 22028-2:2013 defines a family of extended colour-gamut output-referred RGB colour image encodings designated as reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB). Digital images encoded using ROMM RGB can be manipulated, stored, transmitted, displayed, or printed by digital still picture imaging systems. Three precision levels are defined using 8-, 12- and 16-bits/channel.
Photographie et technologie graphique - Codages par couleurs étendues pour stockage, manipulation et échange d'image numérique - Partie 2: Codage d'image en couleurs RVB par référence de sortie par voie métrique
Fotografija in grafična tehnologija - Razširjeno barvno kodiranje za shranjevanje, izmenjavo in ravnanje z digitalnimi slikami - 2. del: Referenčna izhodna medijska metrika RGB barvnega kodiranja slik (ROMM RGB)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST-TS ISO/TS 22028-2:2011
)RWRJUDILMDLQJUDILþQDWHKQRORJLMD5D]ãLUMHQREDUYQRNRGLUDQMH]DVKUDQMHYDQMH
L]PHQMDYRLQUDYQDQMH]GLJLWDOQLPLVOLNDPLGHO 5HIHUHQþQDL]KRGQDPHGLMVND
PHWULND5*%EDUYQHJDNRGLUDQMDVOLN 52005*%
Photography and graphic technology - Extended colour encodings for digital image
storage, manipulation and interchange - Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB
colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photographie et technologie graphique - Codages par couleurs étendues pour stockage,
manipulation et échange d'image numérique - Partie 2: Codage d'image en couleurs
RVB par référence de sortie par voie métrique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 22028-2:2013
ICS:
01.070 Barvno kodiranje Colour coding
37.040.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi s Other standards related to
fotografijo photography
37.100.01 *UDILþQDWHKQRORJLMDQD Graphic technology in
VSORãQR general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22028-2
First edition
2013-04-15
Photography and graphic
technology — Extended colour
encodings for digital image storage,
manipulation and interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB
colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photographie et technologie graphique — Codages par couleurs
étendues pour stockage, manipulation et échange d’image numérique —
Partie 2: Codage d’image en couleurs RVB par référence de sortie par
voie métrique
Reference number
©
ISO 2013
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Reference viewing environment . 5
4.3 Reference medium . 6
4.4 ROMM RGB colour image encoding . 8
4.5 Inverse ROMM RGB transformation .10
Annex A (informative) Selection of ROMM RGB colour encoding .13
Annex B (informative) Conversion between ROMM RGB and video RGB .17
Bibliography .20
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 42, Photography.
This first edition cancels and replaces ISO/TS 22028-2:2006, which has been technically revised.
ISO 22028 consists of the following parts, under the general title Photography and graphic technology —
Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange:
— Part 1: Architecture and requirements
— Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
— Part 3: Reference input medium metric RGB colour image encoding (RIMM RGB) [Technical Specification]
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This part of ISO 22028 has been developed in order to meet the industry need for a complete, fully-
documented, publicly-available definition of a wide-primary output-referred extended gamut red-
green-blue (RGB) colour image encoding. This colour image encoding provides a way to represent
output-referred images that does not limit the colour gamut to those colours capable of being displayed
on typical monitors, as is the case with the sRGB colour encoding, or require the use of negative RGB
colourimetry coordinates, as is the case with extended sRGB colour encodings like bg-sRGB.
An extended colour-gamut colour encoding is particularly desirable for professional photography
applications. For example, colours used for company logos can be outside a monitor gamut and would
therefore need to be clipped or compressed to a less saturated colour. Similarly, photographic prints
can contain colours outside a monitor RGB colour gamut. By using a standard output-referred extended
gamut colour image encoding, images containing such colours can be stored, interchanged, manipulated,
and later printed, without limiting or distorting the colours of the final output.
The Reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB) colour image encoding specified in this part of
ISO 22028 meets the needs of these types of applications.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22028-2:2013(E)
Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour
encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and
interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB colour image
encoding (ROMM RGB)
IMPORTANT — The electronic file of this document contains colours which are considered to be
useful for the correct understanding of the document. Users should therefore consider printing
this document using a colour printer.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 22028 defines a family of extended colour-gamut output-referred RGB colour image
encodings designated as reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB). Digital images encoded
using ROMM RGB can be manipulated, stored, transmitted, displayed, or printed by digital still picture
imaging systems. Three precision levels are defined using 8-, 12- and 16-bits/channel.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15076-1:2010, Image technology colour management — Architecture, profile format and data
structure — Part 1: Based on ICC.1:2010
ISO 22028-1:2004, Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour encodings for digital image
storage, manipulation and interchange — Part 1: Architecture and requirements
ISO 11664-1:2007, (CIE S 014-1/E:2006) Colorimetry – Part 1: CIE standard colorimetric observers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
adapted white
colour stimulus that an observer who is adapted to the viewing environment would judge to be perfectly
achromatic and to have a luminance factor of unity; i.e. absolute colorimetric coordinates that an
observer would consider to be a perfect white diffuser
Note 1 to entry: The adapted white can vary within a scene.
3.2
additive RGB colour space
colorimetric colour space having three colour primaries (generally red, green and blue) such that CIE
XYZ tristimulus values can be determined from the RGB colour space values by forming a weighted
combination of the CIE XYZ tristimulus values for the individual colour primaries, where the weights are
proportional to the radiometrically linear colour space values for the corresponding colour primaries
Note 1 to entry: A simple linear 3 × 3 matrix transformation can be used to transform between CIE XYZ tristimulus
values and the radiometrically linear colour space values for an additive RGB colour space.
Note 2 to entry: Additive RGB colour spaces are defined by specifying the CIE chromaticity values for a set of
additive RGB primaries and a colour space white point, together with a colour component transfer function.
3.3
colorimetric colour space
colour space having an exact and simple relationship to CIE colorimetric values
Note 1 to entry: Colourimetric colour spaces include those defined by CIE (e.g. CIE XYZ, CIELAB, CIELUV), as well
as colour spaces that are simple transformations of those colour spaces (e.g. additive RGB colour spaces).
3.4
colour component transfer function
single variable, monotonic mathematical function applied individually to one or more colour channels
of a colour space
Note 1 to entry: Colour component transfer functions are frequently used to account for the nonlinear response
of a reference device and/or to improve the visual uniformity of a colour space.
Note 2 to entry: Generally, colour component transfer functions will be nonlinear functions such as a power-law
(i.e. “gamma”) function or a logarithmic function. However, in some cases a linear colour component transfer
function can be used.
3.5
colour encoding
generic term for a quantized digital encoding of a colour space, encompassing both colour space
encodings and colour image encodings
3.6
colour gamut
solid in a colour space, consisting of all those colours that are either: present in a specific scene, artwork,
photograph, photomechanical, or other reproduction; or capable of being created using a particular
output device and/or medium
3.7
colour image encoding
digital encoding of the colour values for a digital image, including the specification of a colour space
encoding, together with any information necessary to properly interpret the colour values such as the
image state, the intended image viewing environment and the reference medium
Note 1 to entry: In some cases, the intended image viewing environment will be explicitly defined for the colour
image encoding. In other cases, the intended image viewing environment can be specified on an image-by-image
basis using metadata associated with the digital image.
Note 2 to entry: Some colour image encodings will indicate particular reference medium characteristics, such as
a reflection print with a specified density range. In other cases, the reference medium will be not applicable, such
as with a scene-referred colour image encoding, or will be specified using image metadata.
Note 3 to entry: Colour image encodings are not limited to pictorial digital images that originate from an original
scene, but are also applicable to digital images with content such as text, line art, vector graphics and other forms
of original artwork.
2 © ISO 2013 – All
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22028-2
First edition
2013-04-15
Photography and graphic
technology — Extended colour
encodings for digital image storage,
manipulation and interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB
colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photographie et technologie graphique — Codages par couleurs
étendues pour stockage, manipulation et échange d’image numérique —
Partie 2: Codage d’image en couleurs RVB par référence de sortie par
voie métrique
Reference number
©
ISO 2013
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Reference viewing environment . 5
4.3 Reference medium . 6
4.4 ROMM RGB colour image encoding . 8
4.5 Inverse ROMM RGB transformation .10
Annex A (informative) Selection of ROMM RGB colour encoding .13
Annex B (informative) Conversion between ROMM RGB and video RGB .17
Bibliography .20
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 42, Photography.
This first edition cancels and replaces ISO/TS 22028-2:2006, which has been technically revised.
ISO 22028 consists of the following parts, under the general title Photography and graphic technology —
Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange:
— Part 1: Architecture and requirements
— Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
— Part 3: Reference input medium metric RGB colour image encoding (RIMM RGB) [Technical Specification]
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This part of ISO 22028 has been developed in order to meet the industry need for a complete, fully-
documented, publicly-available definition of a wide-primary output-referred extended gamut red-
green-blue (RGB) colour image encoding. This colour image encoding provides a way to represent
output-referred images that does not limit the colour gamut to those colours capable of being displayed
on typical monitors, as is the case with the sRGB colour encoding, or require the use of negative RGB
colourimetry coordinates, as is the case with extended sRGB colour encodings like bg-sRGB.
An extended colour-gamut colour encoding is particularly desirable for professional photography
applications. For example, colours used for company logos can be outside a monitor gamut and would
therefore need to be clipped or compressed to a less saturated colour. Similarly, photographic prints
can contain colours outside a monitor RGB colour gamut. By using a standard output-referred extended
gamut colour image encoding, images containing such colours can be stored, interchanged, manipulated,
and later printed, without limiting or distorting the colours of the final output.
The Reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB) colour image encoding specified in this part of
ISO 22028 meets the needs of these types of applications.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22028-2:2013(E)
Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour
encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and
interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB colour image
encoding (ROMM RGB)
IMPORTANT — The electronic file of this document contains colours which are considered to be
useful for the correct understanding of the document. Users should therefore consider printing
this document using a colour printer.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 22028 defines a family of extended colour-gamut output-referred RGB colour image
encodings designated as reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB). Digital images encoded
using ROMM RGB can be manipulated, stored, transmitted, displayed, or printed by digital still picture
imaging systems. Three precision levels are defined using 8-, 12- and 16-bits/channel.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15076-1:2010, Image technology colour management — Architecture, profile format and data
structure — Part 1: Based on ICC.1:2010
ISO 22028-1:2004, Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour encodings for digital image
storage, manipulation and interchange — Part 1: Architecture and requirements
ISO 11664-1:2007, (CIE S 014-1/E:2006) Colorimetry – Part 1: CIE standard colorimetric observers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
adapted white
colour stimulus that an observer who is adapted to the viewing environment would judge to be perfectly
achromatic and to have a luminance factor of unity; i.e. absolute colorimetric coordinates that an
observer would consider to be a perfect white diffuser
Note 1 to entry: The adapted white can vary within a scene.
3.2
additive RGB colour space
colorimetric colour space having three colour primaries (generally red, green and blue) such that CIE
XYZ tristimulus values can be determined from the RGB colour space values by forming a weighted
combination of the CIE XYZ tristimulus values for the individual colour primaries, where the weights are
proportional to the radiometrically linear colour space values for the corresponding colour primaries
Note 1 to entry: A simple linear 3 × 3 matrix transformation can be used to transform between CIE XYZ tristimulus
values and the radiometrically linear colour space values for an additive RGB colour space.
Note 2 to entry: Additive RGB colour spaces are defined by specifying the CIE chromaticity values for a set of
additive RGB primaries and a colour space white point, together with a colour component transfer function.
3.3
colorimetric colour space
colour space having an exact and simple relationship to CIE colorimetric values
Note 1 to entry: Colourimetric colour spaces include those defined by CIE (e.g. CIE XYZ, CIELAB, CIELUV), as well
as colour spaces that are simple transformations of those colour spaces (e.g. additive RGB colour spaces).
3.4
colour component transfer function
single variable, monotonic mathematical function applied individually to one or more colour channels
of a colour space
Note 1 to entry: Colour component transfer functions are frequently used to account for the nonlinear response
of a reference device and/or to improve the visual uniformity of a colour space.
Note 2 to entry: Generally, colour component transfer functions will be nonlinear functions such as a power-law
(i.e. “gamma”) function or a logarithmic function. However, in some cases a linear colour component transfer
function can be used.
3.5
colour encoding
generic term for a quantized digital encoding of a colour space, encompassing both colour space
encodings and colour image encodings
3.6
colour gamut
solid in a colour space, consisting of all those colours that are either: present in a specific scene, artwork,
photograph, photomechanical, or other reproduction; or capable of being created using a particular
output device and/or medium
3.7
colour image encoding
digital encoding of the colour values for a digital image, including the specification of a colour space
encoding, together with any information necessary to properly interpret the colour values such as the
image state, the intended image viewing environment and the reference medium
Note 1 to entry: In some cases, the intended image viewing environment will be explicitly defined for the colour
image encoding. In other cases, the intended image viewing environment can be specified on an image-by-image
basis using metadata associated with the digital image.
Note 2 to entry: Some colour image encodings will indicate particular reference medium characteristics, such as
a reflection print with a specified density range. In other cases, the reference medium will be not applicable, such
as with a scene-referred colour image encoding, or will be specified using image metadata.
Note 3 to entry: Colour image encodings are not limited to pictorial digital images that originate from an original
scene, but are also applicable to digital images with content such as text, line art, vector graphics and other forms
of original artwork.
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
3.8
colour rendering
mapping of image data representing the colour space coordinates of the elements of a scene to output-
referred image data representing the colour space coordinates of the elements of a reproduction
Note 1 to entry: Colour rendering generally consists of one or more of the following:
— compensating for differences in the input and output viewing conditions;
— tone scale and gamut mapping to map the scene colours onto the dynamic range and colour gamut of the
reproduction;
— applying preference adjustments.
3.9
colour space
geometric representation of colours in space, usually of three dimensions
[CIE Publication 17.4:1987, 845-03-25]
3.10
colour space encoding
digital encoding of a colour space, including the specification of a digital encoding method, and a colour
space value range
Note 1 to entry: Multiple colour space encodings can be defined based on a single colour space where the different
colour space encodings have different digital encoding methods and/or colour space value ranges. (For example,
8-bit sRGB and 10-bit e-sRGB are different colour space encodings based on a particular RGB colour space.)
3.11
colour space white point
colour stimulus to which colour space values are normalized
Note 1 to entry: It is not necessary that the colour space white point correspond to the assumed adapted white
point and/or the reference medium white point for a
...
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