ASTM A488/A488M-24
(Practice)Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
ABSTRACT
This practice covers the qualification of procedures, welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel castings by electric arc welding. The materials are categorized as carbon steel, carbon and carbon-manganese steel, low alloy steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, low carbon austenitic stainless steel, unstabilized austenitic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, duplex austenitic-ferritic stainless steel, precipitation-hardened austenitic stainless steel, nickel base alloy, steel castings, austenitic manganese. The orientation of the welds with respect to the horizontal and vertical planes of reference is classified into four positions, namely, flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead. Four types of test shall be conducted in the qualification procedures such as tension test, bend test, Charpy impact test and radiographic test. Guided bend test specimens shall be prepared by cutting the test plate or pipe to form specimens of approximately rectangular cross section. Guided bend test specimens are of three types depending on which surface -side bend, face bend, or root bend is on the convex (outer) side of the bent specimen. A welding procedure must be set up as a new procedure and must be requalified when any of the changes in essential variables, inclusive, are made. Changes other than those listed may be made without requalification, provided the procedure is revised to show these changes. All welders and operators welding castings under this practice shall pass the welder qualification test. The welder or operator successfully performing the procedure qualification test is automatically qualified for performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the qualification of procedures, welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel castings by electric arc welding.
1.1.1 Qualifications of a procedure and either or both the operator or welder under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code shall automatically qualify the procedure and either or both the operator or welder under this practice. P-number designations in the ASME grouping of base metals for qualification may be different than the category numbers listed in Table 1. Refer to Appendix X1 for a comparison of ASTM category numbers with the corresponding ASME P-number designations.
1.2 Each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for the welding done by his organization and shall conduct the tests required to qualify his welding procedures, welders, and operators.
1.3 Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record of welding procedure qualification tests (Fig. 1), welder or operator performance qualification tests (Fig. 2), and welding procedure specification (Fig. 3), which shall be made available to the purchaser's representative on request.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4.1 SI Units—Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A488/A488M − 24
Standard Practice for
Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and
1
Personnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A488/A488M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice covers the qualification of procedures,
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
castings by electric arc welding.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.1.1 Qualifications of a procedure and either or both the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
operator or welder under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Pressure Vessel Code shall automatically qualify the procedure
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and either or both the operator or welder under this practice.
P-number designations in the ASME grouping of base metals
for qualification may be different than the category numbers 2. Referenced Documents
listed in Table 1. Refer to Appendix X1 for a comparison of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ASTM category numbers with the corresponding ASME
A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for
P-number designations.
General Application
1.2 Each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for the
A128/A128M Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic
welding done by his organization and shall conduct the tests
Manganese
required to qualify his welding procedures, welders, and
A148/A148M Specification for Steel Castings, High
operators.
Strength, for Structural Purposes
A216/A216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suit-
1.3 Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record
able for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
of welding procedure qualification tests (Fig. 1), welder or
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic
operator performance qualification tests (Fig. 2), and welding
Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-
procedure specification (Fig. 3), which shall be made available
able for High-Temperature Service
to the purchaser’s representative on request.
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
for General Application
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
A351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Pressure-Containing Parts
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
A352/A352M Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and
with the standard.
Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
1.4.1 SI Units—Within the text, the SI units are shown in
Low-Temperature Service
brackets.
A356/A356M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Tur-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bines
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
A01.18 on Castings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published April 2024. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A488/A488M – 18. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0488_A0488M-24. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A488/A488M − 24
TABLE 1 Categories of Ba
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´2
Designation: A488/A488M − 18 A488/A488M − 24
Standard Practice for
Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and
1
Personnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A488/A488M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Grade designations in Table 1 and Table X1.1 were corrected editorially in January 2020.
2
ε NOTE—Grade designation HG10MNN in Table 1 was corrected editorially in February 2020.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the qualification of procedures, welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel castings by
electric arc welding.
1.1.1 Qualifications of a procedure and either or both the operator or welder under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code shall automatically qualify the procedure and either or both the operator or welder under this practice. P-number
designations in the ASME grouping of base metals for qualification may be different than the category numbers listed in Table 1.
Refer to Appendix X1 for a comparison of ASTM category numbers with the corresponding ASME P-number designations.
1.2 Each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for the welding done by his organization and shall conduct the tests required
to qualify his welding procedures, welders, and operators.
1.3 Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record of welding procedure qualification tests (Fig. 1), welder or operator
performance qualification tests (Fig. 2), and welding procedure specification (Fig. 3), which shall be made available to the
purchaser’s representative on request.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4.1 SI Units—Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018March 1, 2024. Published July 2018April 2024. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 as
A488/A488M – 17.A488/A488M – 18. DOI: 10.1520/A0488_A0488M-18E02.10.1520/A0488_A0488M-24.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A488/A488M − 24
TABLE 1 Categories of Base Materials
Category ASTM
Material Description Grades
Number Specification
1 Carbon steel (carbon less than A27/A27M All grades
0.35 %, tensile strength less than
or equal to 70 ksi [485 MPa])
A216/A216M WCA, WCB
A352/A352M LCB, LCA
A356/A356M 1
A732/A732M 1A, 2A
A757/A757M A1Q
A958/A958M SC 1020, SC 1025, SC 1030, CLASSES 65/35,
70/36
2 Carbon steel (tensile strength A148/A148M 80-40
greater than 70 ksi [485 MPa])
Carbon-manganese steel (tensile A216/A216M WCC
strength equal to or greater than
70 ksi [485 MPa]) but less than 90
ksi [620 MPa])
A352/A352M LCC
A732/A732M 2Q, 3A
A757/A757M A2Q
A958/A958M SC 1030, SC 1040, SC 1045, CLASSES 80/40,
80/50
3 Carbon and carbon-manganese A732/A732M 3Q, 4A, 4Q, 5N
steel (tensile strength equal to or
greater than 90 ksi [620 MPa])
A958/A958M SC 1045, CLASSES 90/60, 105/85, 115/95
4 Low-alloy steel (annealed, A148/A148M 80-50
normalized, or normalized and
tempered
Tensile
...
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