EN 10228-2:2016

Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 2: Penetrant testing

This European Standard describes techniques and acceptance criteria to be used for the penetrant testing of steel forgings. The method described is used for the detection of surface discontinuities.

Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schmiedestücken aus Stahl - Teil 2: Eindringprüfung

Diese Europäische Norm legt die Methodik und die Zulässigkeitskriterien fest, die bei der Eindringprüfung von Schmiedestücken aus Stahl anzuwenden sind. Das beschriebene Prüfverfahren dient dem Nachweis von Oberflächenunregelmäßigkeiten.

Essais non destructifs des pièces forgées en acier - Partie 2 : Contrôle par ressuage

Cette norme européenne définit les modalités et les critères d'acceptation pour l’essai par ressuage des pièces forgées en acier. Cette méthode permet de déceler les discontinuités de surface.

Neporušitveno preskušanje jeklenih izkovkov - 2. del: Preskušanje s penetranti

Ta del standarda EN 10228 opisuje metode in prevzemne kriterije, ki se uporabljajo za preskušanje izkovkov s penetranti. Opisana metoda se uporablja za odkrivanje površinskih prekinitev.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2016
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Dec-2016
• ICS: 77.040.20 - Non-destructive testing of metals
• ICS: 77.140.85 - Iron and steel forgings
• Technical Committee: ECISS/TC 111 - Steel castings and forgings
• Drafting Committee: ECISS/TC 111 - Steel castings and forgings
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 30-Mar-2023
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 97/23/EC - Directive 97/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 May 1997 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning pressure equipment
• Ref Project: SIST EN 10228-2:2016 - Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 2: Penetrant testing

Relations

• Replaces: EN 10228-2:1998 - Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 2: Penetrant testing
• Effective Date: 30-Apr-2011

Overview

EN 10228-2:2016 - "Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 2: Penetrant testing" is a European standard that defines techniques, procedural requirements and acceptance criteria for using penetrant testing (PT) to detect surface discontinuities in steel forgings. It applies to both colour-contrast and fluorescent penetrants and is intended to ensure consistent, reproducible detection of surface defects during manufacture and final inspection.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope and purpose: Detection of surface discontinuities on steel forgings using penetrant testing.
• Written test procedure: PT must be carried out according to a documented procedure that includes itemized details such as part description, test stage, products, cleaning, application and removal steps, viewing conditions and acceptance criteria.
• Personnel qualification: Operators and inspectors must be qualified per EN ISO 9712.
• Penetrant system: Penetrant, remover/emulsifier and developer shall conform to EN ISO 3452-1; sensitivity checks per EN ISO 3452-2; equipment per EN ISO 3452-4.
• Surface condition and finish: Surfaces must be clean and free of contaminants. Surface roughness guidance is given (e.g., Ra 6.3 acceptable for quality classes 1–4; Ra 12.5 achievable for class 1).
• Viewing conditions:
  • Colour-contrast penetrants: minimum ~500 lx white light on the surface (avoid glare).
  • Fluorescent penetrants: 5 minutes eye adaptation to reduced lighting and 5 minutes lamp warm-up for UV‑A.
• Coverage: 100% coverage of the specified surface area is recommended where practicable.
• Indication classification and measurement: Rules for linear vs. rounded indications, interacting indications, cumulative lengths and reference-surface measurement (A6 reference 148 × 105 mm).
• Acceptance criteria (quality classes 1–4): Tabulated recording levels and limits include, for example:
  • Recording level (mm): 7, 3, 3, 1 (classes 1→4)
  • Allowable isolated linear lengths (mm): 20, 8, 4, 2
  • Allowable cumulative length per reference surface (mm): 75, 36, 24, 5
  • Max number of recordable indications per reference surface: 15, 10, 7, 5 (Quality class 4 is most stringent; class applicability depends on forging type and agreement.)
• Reporting and post-test actions: Written test report required (supplier, order, part ID, scope, quality class, results). Defects outside acceptance must be removed (e.g., grinding/machining) and retested.

Applications and who uses it

• Forging manufacturers and their quality/inspection teams for production and final acceptance testing.
• NDT technicians and inspectors applying penetrant methods on steel forgings.
• Purchasers, OEMs and procurement/QA managers who specify acceptance levels for forgings.
• Certification bodies and auditors verifying compliance to European NDT practice.

Related standards

• EN ISO 3452-1, -2, -4 (Penetrant testing fundamentals, materials, equipment)
• EN ISO 3059 (Viewing conditions)
• EN ISO 9712 (NDT personnel qualification)
• EN ISO 12706 (Penetrant testing vocabulary)

Keywords: EN 10228-2:2016, penetrant testing, non-destructive testing, NDT, steel forgings, fluorescent penetrant, colour contrast, acceptance criteria, EN ISO 3452, EN ISO 9712.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Neporušitveno preskušanje jeklenih izkovkov - 2. del: Preskušanje s penetrantiZerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schmiedestücken aus Stahl - Teil 2: EindringprüfungEssais non destructifs des pièces forgées en acier - Partie 2 : Contrôle par ressuageNon-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 2: Penetrant testing77.140.85Železni in jekleni kovani izdelkiIron and steel forgings77.040.20Neporušitveno preskušanje kovinNon-destructive testing of metalsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 10228-2:2016SIST EN 10228-2:2016en,fr,de01-september-2016SIST EN 10228-2:2016SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 10228-2:20001DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 10228-2
June
t r s x ICS
y yä r v rä t râ
y yä s v rä z w Supersedes EN
s r t t zæ tã s { { zEnglish Version
Nonædestructive testing of steel forgings æ Part
tã Penetrant testing Essais non destructifs des pièces forgées en acier æ Partie
t ã Contrôle par ressuage
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schmiedestücken aus Stahl æ Teil
tã Eindringprüfung This European Standard was approved by CEN on
u October
t r s wä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey andUnited Kingdomä
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CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
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t r s x CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s r t t zæ tã t r s x ESIST EN 10228-2:2016

Significant technical changes to the version EN 10228-2:1998 . 12
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