SIST EN 4179:2008
(Main)Aerospace series - Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing
Aerospace series - Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing
This standard establishes the minimum requirements for the qualification and certification of personnel involved in non-destructive testing (NDT). These requirements include training, experience and examinations for personnel performing NDT in the aerospace manufacturing, service, maintenance and overhaul industries.
NOTE In Europe the word "certification" may only be used when the certification process complies with the requirements of EN ISO/CEI 17024 and the term "approval" would be used to denote a written statement by an employer that an individual has met specific requirements. For simplification the term "certification" as defined in paragraph 3.2 is used throughout this standard as a substitute for the term "approval".
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Qualifikation und Zulassung des Personals für zerstörungsfreie Prüfungen
Diese Norm legt die Mindestanforderungen für die Qualifikation und Zulassung von Personal der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung (ZfP) fest. Diese Anforderungen beinhalten Ausbildung, Erfahrung und Prüfung von Personal, das in der Luft- und Raumfahrtindustrie in den Bereichen Fertigung, Dienstleistung, Instandhaltung und Überholung zerstörungsfreie Prüfungen durchführt.
ANMERKUNG In Europa darf das Wort „Zertifizierung“ nur verwendet werden, wenn der Zertifizierungsprozess den Anforderungen der EN ISO/IEC 17024 entspricht, und der Begriff „Zulassung“ ist zu verwenden, um eine schriftliche Bestätigung eines Arbeitgebers zu bezeichnen, dass eine Person spezielle Anforderungen erfüllt. Zur Vereinfachung wird in dieser Norm durchgängig der Begriff „Zertifizierung“ nach der Festlegung in 3.2 anstelle des Begriffs „Zulassung" verwendet.
Anmerkung zur Deutschen Fassung: Die in der obigen Anmerkung zur Vereinfachung genannte Verwendung des Wortes „Zertifizierung“ anstatt „Zulassung“ bezieht sich auf Ausdrucksweisen und Gepflogenheiten in den USA (wegen der Inhaltsgleichheit mit NAS 410). In der Deutschen Fassung wird das Wort „Certification“ mit „Zulassung“ übersetzt. Dies ist in den Ländern, welche sich verpflichtet haben ISO Normen anzuwenden, erforderlich.
Série aérospatiale - Qualification et agrément du personnel pour les contrôles non destructifs
Aeronavtika - Usposobljenost in odobritev osebja za neporušitveno preskušanje
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 4179:2008
01-junij-2008
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 4179:2001
Aeronavtika - Usposobljenost in odobritev osebja za neporušitveno preskušanje
Aerospace series - Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing
Luft- und Raumfahrt - Qualifikation und Zulassung des Personals für zerstörungsfreie
Prüfungen
Série aérospatiale - Qualification et agrément du personnel pour les contrôles non
destructifs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 4179:2005
ICS:
03.100.30 Vodenje ljudi Management of human
resources
19.100 Neporušitveno preskušanje Non-destructive testing
49.020 Letala in vesoljska vozila na Aircraft and space vehicles in
splošno general
SIST EN 4179:2008 en,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 4179:2008
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SIST EN 4179:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 4179
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2005
ICS 49.020 Supersedes EN 4179:2000
English Version
Aerospace series - Qualification and approval of personnel for
non-destructive testing
Série aérospatiale - Qualification et agrément du personnel Luft- und Raumfahrt - Qualifikation und Zulassung des
pour les contrôles non destructifs Personals für zerstörungsfreie Prüfungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 4179:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 4179:2005 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 General requirements .8
5 Requirements for qualification .10
6 Training and experience.12
7 Examinations.15
8 Certification.18
Annex A (normative) Credit system for recertification of Level 3 NDT personnel.20
Bibliography.22
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EN 4179:2005 (E)
Foreword
This European Standard (EN 4179:2005) has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace
Manufacturers - Standardization (AECMA-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has
received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of
AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2006.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This European Standard supersedes EN 4179:2000.
In December 1998, the Aerospace Industry has established the International Aerospace Quality Group (IAQG)
with the purpose of achieving significant improvements in quality and reductions in cost throughout the value
stream.
This organization, with representation from Aerospace companies in Americas, Asia and Europe and
sponsored by AIA, SAE, SJAC and AECMA has agreed to take responsibility for the technical contents of this
standard which merges the NDT personnel certification requirements of NAS 410 and EN 4179.
This document (EN 4179:2005) is technically equivalent with NAS410 Revision 2
This standard was reviewed by the Domain Technical Coordinator of AECMA-STAN’s Quality Domain.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and the United Kingdom.
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1 Scope
1.1 Purpose
This standard establishes the minimum requirements for the qualification and certification of personnel
involved in non-destructive testing (NDT). These requirements include training, experience and examinations
for personnel performing NDT in the aerospace manufacturing, service, maintenance and overhaul industries.
NOTE In Europe the word “certification” may only be used when the certification process complies with the
requirements of EN ISO/CEI 17024 and the term “approval” would be used to denote a written statement by an employer
that an individual has met specific requirements. For simplification the term “certification” as defined in paragraph 3.2 is
used throughout this standard as a substitute for the term “approval”.
1.2 Applicability
This standard applies to personnel using NDT methods to test and/or accept materials, products, components,
assemblies or sub-assemblies. It also applies to those individuals directly responsible for the technical
adequacy of the NDT methods used, as well as personnel performing external NDT technical audits or
providing technical NDT training. This standard is not intended to apply to individuals who only have
administrative authority over the personnel identified above, nor does it apply to research personnel
developing technology for subsequent approval by a certified Level 3.
1.3 Implementation
This standard merges the NDT personnel certification requirements of NAS 410 and EN 4179. It introduces
the concept of a National Aerospace NDT Board (NANDTB) from EN 4179, but it is not mandatory to have
such a board for compliance with this document. Individuals currently certified in accordance with either
NAS 410 or EN 4179 may have their current certification period extended to the maximum limits defined in
Clause 8 of this standard. Personnel do not need to recertify to the requirements of this standard until their
current or extended certification expires.
1.4 Common methods
This standard contains detailed requirements for the applicable training, experience, and examination for the
following common NDT methods:
Liquid penetrant (PT)
Magnetic particle (MT)
Eddy current (ET)
Ultrasonic (UT)
Radiography (RT)
1.5 Other methods
This standard may apply to other NDT methods that can be used to determine the acceptability or suitability
for intended service of a material, part, component, sub-assembly or assembly without impairment of the
intended part function. Such methods include, but are not limited to, acoustic emission, neutron radiography,
penetrant leak testing, thermography, holography, and computed tomography. The requirements for personnel
training, experience, and examination for these other methods shall be as established by the cognizant NDT
organization or NANDTB and shall be in accordance with the guidelines established for the methods listed
in 1.4.
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1.6 Levels of qualification
The levels of qualification established by this standard are:
Trainee Level 3
Level 1 “Limited” Instructor
Level 1 Auditor
Level 2
1.7 Levels of certification
The levels requiring certification in accordance with this standard are:
Level 1 “Limited” Level 2
Level 1 Level 3
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO/CEI 17024, Conformity assessment — General requirements for bodies operating certification of
persons.
NAS 410, Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive Test Personnel.
NOTE In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the requirements
of this document take precedence except as noted in Subclause 1.3. Nothing in this document supersedes applicable laws
and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
auditor
an individual who reviews NDT facilities and general procedures for compliance to NDT technical
requirements
3.2
certification
a written statement by an employer that an individual has met the applicable requirements of this standard
3.3
closed book examinations
an examination administered without access to reference material except that provided with or in the
examination
3.4
cognizant NDT organization
the prime contractor or employer’s organization recognized as being responsible for administering qualification
and certification of NDT personnel
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3.5
direct readout instrument
direct readout instruments physically display values either as digital readout or an analog display, such as a
scale/pointer configuration
Direct readout instruments do not involve adjusting signal displays such as gates, delays, gain, or phase to
obtain measurements.
3.6
documented
the condition of being in written or electronic form
3.7
employer
a government, prime contractor, sub-contractor, supplier, processor, or outside agency employing individuals
performing NDT
3.8
evaluation
a review, following interpretation of the indications noted during an NDT inspection, to determine whether they
meet specified acceptance criteria or to determine its significance
3.9
examination
formal, controlled, documented testing conducted in accordance with a documented written practice to verify
the candidate’s knowledge of applicable NDT methods
3.10
experience
actual performance or observation conducted in the work environment resulting in the acquisition of
knowledge and skill
This does not include classroom or laboratory training but does include on-the-job training.
3.11
formal training
an organized and documented program of activities designed to impart the knowledge and skills necessary to
be qualified to this standard
Formal training may be a mix of classroom, practical and programmed self-instruction as approved by the
responsible Level 3 or NANDTB.
3.12
general examination
a written examination addressing the basic principles and theory of the applicable NDT method
3.13
indication
the response or evidence of a condition resulting from an NDT inspection that requires interpretation to
determine its significance
3.14
instructor
an individual qualified and designated in accordance with this standard to provide training for NDT personnel
3.15
interpretation
the determination of whether indications are relevant or non-relevant
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3.16
method
one of the disciplines of non-destructive inspection or testing (e.g. radiography) within which different
techniques exist
3.17
national aerospace NDT board (NANDTB)
an independent national aerospace organization representing a nation's aerospace industry that is chartered
by the participating prime contractors and recognized by the nation’s regulatory agencies to provide or support
NDT qualification and examination services in accordance with this standard
Such services may include participation in certification.
3.18
on-the-job training
training in the work environment in learning instrument set-up, equipment operation, recognition of indications,
and interpretation under appropriate technical guidance
3.19
outside agency
an independent or national body providing training and examination of NDT personnel, or any other NDT
services to the requirements of this standard
Consultants and self-employed individuals are included in this definition.
3.20
practical examination
the examination used to demonstrate an individual's ability to conduct the NDT method that will be performed
for the employer
Questions and answers need not be written, but a checklist must be used and observations and results must
be documented.
3.21
prime contractor
an organization having overall responsibility for design, control and delivery of a system, component or
product
3.22
procedure
a general or detailed written instruction for conducting a given process
3.23
qualification
the skill, training, knowledge, experience and, when applicable, the visual acuity required for personnel to
properly perform to a particular level
3.24
responsible level 3
a Level 3 designated by the employer with the responsibility and authority to ensure that the requirements of
this standard are met and to certify qualified individuals
3.25
specific examination
the written examination to determine an individual's understanding of operating procedures, codes, standards,
product technology, test techniques, equipment and specifications for a given method as used by the
employer
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3.26
sub-contractor
an organization responsible to the prime contractor for the manufacture or maintenance of aerospace
products
For the purposes of this standard, this includes suppliers and processors.
3.27
technique
a category within a method; for example, ultrasonic immersion testing or ultrasonic contact testing
Specific techniques within a method are defined by the cognizant NDT organization or NANDTB.
3.28
test samples
parts or images containing known discontinuities or defects used in the practical examination to demonstrate
the candidate's proficiency in using a particular method
Test samples can refer to images of actual hardware, such as radiographs.
3.29
written
retrievable electronic or hard copy
3.30
written instruction
a procedure detailing the NDT technique and testing parameters used for the inspection of a specific
component, group of parts (e.g. “aluminium extrusions” or “aluminium brackets”), or assembly
These are sometimes referred to as “technique sheets” or “data cards”.
3.31
written practice
a procedure that describes the control and administration of NDT personnel qualification and certification
4 General requirements
4.1 Written practice
4.1.1 General
The cognizant NDT organization shall develop and maintain a written practice for the qualification and
certification of their NDT personnel. The written practice shall be in accordance with the requirements of this
standard. A sub-contractor or supplier may work to the same written practice as the prime contractor or may
prepare a written practice of their own. This standard may be referenced in whole or in part to meet this
requirement provided the sub-paragraphs of 4.1 are satisfied. The written practice and applicable NANDTB
procedures shall be available for review by the facility’s customer(s) and regulatory agencies.
4.1.2 Levels of qualification
The written practice shall include identification of the levels of qualification and certification used by the
employer. The cognizant NDT organization may subdivide or add any additional levels that are appropriate;
however, in no manner can the organization eliminate or reduce minimum requirements of this standard in its
written practice.
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4.1.3 Personnel duties and responsibilities
The written practice shall include the identification of the duties and responsibilities for the different levels of
qualification.
4.1.4 Training program
The written practice shall include outlines or references of the instruction provided by the cognizant NDT
organization, NANDTB, or outside training source(s).
4.1.5 Experience requirements
The written practice shall include the minimum amount of experience required for each method and, when
applicable, the techniques within the method.
4.1.6 Examination practices
The written practice shall include the designation of the individual(s) or organization(s) that will administer the
examinations as well as the number of questions, grading, vision requirements and the specific visual acuity
tests to be used.
4.1.7 Records and administration
The written practice shall include a description of the details to be recorded for each certified individual and
identification of the individual(s) or organization(s) responsible for developing, administering, and maintaining
the employer's certification program.
4.1.8 Recertification requirements
The written practice shall include the employer’s requirements for recertification of personnel. It shall also
include the conditions and requirements for the suspension, revocation and reinstatement of certification.
4.2 Personnel
Personnel using NDT methods to test and/or accept materials, products, components, sub-assemblies or
assemblies shall be certified to the requirements of this standard. Personnel responsible for the technical
adequacy of NDT methods shall also be certified. Trainees, NDT auditors and instructors shall be qualified to
this standard. Specialized inspections using direct readout instruments do not require qualification or
certification to this standard.
4.3 Methods
For the common methods listed in 1.4, the requirements for training, experience and examination are detailed
in Clauses 6, and 7 of this standard. These requirements shall serve as a guideline for methods not listed in
1.4. Specific techniques within each method shall be as defined by the cognizant NDT organization or
NANDTB and documented in the employer’s written practice.
4.4 Compliance
Prime contractors shall be responsible for compliance to this standard by their suppliers and sub-contractors.
Those organizations using outside agencies shall be responsible for assuring that the appropriate
requirements of this standard are met. The employer is solely responsible for the certification of its employees
and cannot certify for another employer. Individuals cannot qualify themselves.
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4.5 Responsibility
4.5.1 General
The employer is responsible for implementation of, and compliance with, this standard and for certifying
qualified personnel. Where a NANDTB is used, 4.5.2 shall apply. Where a NANDTB is not used, 4.5.3 or 4.5.4
shall be used as applicable.
4.5.2 National aerospace NDT board
When used, the NANDTB shall administer procedures for qualification and certification of NDT personnel
according to the requirements of this standard. It is entitled, in conjunction with the employer, to recognize
equivalencies of qualification and certification, and may be requested to provide general guidelines in
accordance with this standard regarding facilities for NDT training, course outlines, examination questions and
exam procedures. For countries where no NANDTB exists, the employer may use the services of other
NANDTBs.
NANDTBs defined in this standard apply solely to boards meeting the definition of 3.17 of this standard. Other
agencies performing examination, qualification and/or training activities shall be considered outside agencies
as defined in 3.19.
4.5.3 Responsible Level 3
The employer shall identify in writing an individual responsible for the implementation of this standard and the
overall administration of the qualification and certification program. This individual will be certified as a Level 3
and be known as the “responsible Level 3”. Where the responsible Level 3 is not certified in all methods used
by the employer, additional Level 3 personnel shall be identified in writing as necessary to provide coverage.
The responsible Level 3 shall be knowledgeable of the specifications, standards, codes, techniques and
products associated with the aerospace industry and used by the employer.
4.5.4 Outside agency
An employer may utilize an outside agency to develop a certification program, train and examine NDT
personnel and perform any other Level 3 function. An outside agency may qualify, but not certify personnel.
The employer shall document the suitability of any outside source selected to perform any function to meet the
requirements of this standard. This documentation shall be of sufficient detail to justify the outside agency’s
ability to perform the required Level 3 function(s).
5 Requirements for qualification
5.1 Levels of qualification
5.1.1 General
There are seven basic levels of qualification. These may be further subdivided by the employer for specific
situations. Where such subdivisions are implemented, the requirements and responsibilities shall be detailed
in the employer’s written practice.
5.1.2 Trainee
A trainee is an individual who is participating in a training program for an NDT method and is not certified.
Trainees shall:
obtain work experience under the guidance of a Level 2 or Level 3 in the same method,
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obtain work experience under the guidance of a Level 1 or instructor only when approved by the
responsible Level 3,
not make, accept or reject decisions,
not independently conduct tests,
not independently perform any other NDT function.
5.1.3 Level 1 “Limited”
When authorized by the employer’s written practice, the performance and evaluation of a specific NDT test on
a specific part, feature, or assembly may be performed by personnel certified to Level 1 “Limited”. Each use of
Level 1 “Limited” shall be approved by the prime contractor. The number of training hours, experience hours,
number of examination questions and the length of the certification (not to exceed the limits in Clause 8) shall
be established for Level 1 “Limited” personnel based on a documented case-by-case assessment of the
specific testing needs by the responsible Level 3. In no case shall the training hours and number of
examination questions be less than 25 % of the minimum required for Level 1 in the applicable method.
Experience hours shall be not less than 10 % of those required for Level 1 in the applicable method. The
case-by-case justification for using Level 1 “Limited”, the prime contractor’s approval, the training and
experience hours, the number of examination questions, the specific NDT test to be performed, and the
specific hardware to be tested shall be documented in the employee’s records.
5.1.4 Level 1
The Level 1 individual shall:
have the skills and knowledge to process parts and perform equipment standardization in accordance
with written instructions approved by the appropriate Level 3,
have the skills and knowledge to carry out any necessary preparation of parts before or after inspection in
accordance with written instructions approved by the appropriate Level 3,
be able to follow written instructions in the techniques/methods for which certified,
receive guidance or supervision from a Level 2 or 3 in that method when necessary,
with written authorization from the responsible Level 3, a Level 1 may perform interpretations and
evaluations of specific product or product form for acceptance or rejection in the method in which certified
in accordance with written instructions approved by the appropriate Level 3.
5.1.5 Level 2
Level 2 individuals shall:
have the skills and knowledge to set up and standardize equipment, conduct tests, interpret and evaluate
for acceptance or rejection, and document,
be thoroughly familiar with the scope and limitations of the technique/method in which they are certified,
be capable of providing the necessary guidance and/or supervision to trainees and Level 1 personnel in
the technique/method in which they are certified,
be familiar with the codes, standards, and other contractual documents that control the method as utilized
by the employer,
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when specified in the written practice, be capable of developing written instructions from approved
general procedures. Such instructions shall require final approval by a Level 3,
have a basic knowledge of product manufacturing and inspection technology.
5.1.6 Level 3
Level 3 individuals shall:
have the skills and knowledge to interpret codes, standards, and other contractual documents that control
the NDT method(s) as utilized by the employer,
be capable of assuming technical responsibility for the NDT facility and staff,
be capable of selecting the method and technique for a specific inspection,
be capable of preparing and verifying the adequacy of procedures in the method certified,
approve NDT procedures and other NDT-related work instructions for technical adequacy in the method
in which they are certified,
have a general knowledge of other NDT methods and product technologies used by the employer,
be capable of providing or directing training , examination, and certification of personnel in the method in
which they are certified,
conduct NDT for the acceptance of parts only when a demonstration of proficiency in this capability was
included in the practical examination,
when required by the written practice, be capable of auditing outside agencies to ensure the requirements
of the written practice are met.
5.1.7 Instructor
Instructors shall have the skills and knowledge to plan, organize, and present classroom, practical exercises,
or on-the-job training in accordance with approved course outlines. Instructors shall be designated by the
responsible Level 3 for the employer’s qualification and certification written practice or by the outside agency
responsible for training.
5.1.8 Auditor
Personnel performing external supplier technical NDT audits, surveys or assessments shall have the
education, training, skills and knowledge to understand the processes and procedures utilized in the
application of NDT processes. The individual shall be familiar with the applicable codes, standards, and other
contractual documents that control the applicable method(s).
6 Training and experience
6.1 Training
6.1.1 General
Candidates for certification as Level 1 “Limited”, Level 1, or Level 2 shall complete sufficient organized training
to become proficient with the principles and practices of the applicable test method and technique(s). The
training shall be conducted in accordance with a detailed course outline approved by the responsible Level 3
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or NANDTB. At a minimum, the training shall cover basic theory, test principles, products, equipment
operation and standardization, safety, operating procedures, applicable techniques, the applicable
specifications, codes, and written instructions used by the employer, and, if applicable, interpretation of
indications. The outline shall include a list of references from which the training material is derived.
General, specific and practical training may be obtained with the emplo
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