EN ISO 3838:2004
(Main)Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products - Determination of density or relative density - Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods (ISO 3838:2004)
Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products - Determination of density or relative density - Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods (ISO 3838:2004)
ISO 3838:2004 specifies methods for the determination of the density or relative density of crude petroleum and of petroleum products handled as liquids.
The capillary-stoppered pyknometer method is also for use with solids and this method may also be used for coal tar products, including road tars, creosote and tar pitches, or for mixtures of these with petroleum products. This method is not suitable for the determination of the density or relative density of highly volatile liquids having Reid vapour pressures greater than 50 kPa according to ISO 3007 or having an initial boiling point below 40 degrees Celsius.
The graduated bicapillary pyknometer method is recommended for the accurate determination of the density or relative density of all except the more viscous products, and is particularly useful when only small amounts of samples are available. The method is restricted to liquids having Reid vapour pressures of 130 kPa or less according to ISO 3007 and having kinematic viscosities less than 50 mm2/s (50 centistokes (cSt)) at the test temperature.
Special precautions are specified for the determination of the density or relative density of highly volatile liquids.
Rohöl und flüssige oder feste Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Dichte oder der relativen Dichte - Verfahren mittels Pyknometer mit Kapillarstopfen und Bikapillar-Pyknometer mit Skale (ISO 3838:2004)
Pétrole brut et produits pétroliers liquides ou solides - Détermination de la masse volumique ou de la densité relative - Méthodes du pycnomètre à bouchon capillaire et du pycnomètre bicapillaire gradué (ISO 3838:2004)
L'ISO 3838:2004 spécifie des méthodes de détermination de la masse volumique ou de la densité du pétrole brut et des produits pétroliers manipulés sous forme liquide.
La méthode qui utilise le pycnomètre à bouchon capillaire s'applique aussi aux produits sous forme solide et cette méthode peut aussi être appliquée aux goudrons de houille, y compris les goudrons pour revêtement routier, les créosotes et les brais, ou à des mélanges de ces goudrons avec des produits pétroliers. Cette méthode ne convient pas à la détermination de la masse volumique ou de la densité de liquides très volatils dont les pressions de vapeur Reid déterminées selon l'ISO 3007 sont supérieures à 50 kPa ou dont le point d'ébullition initial est inférieur à 40 °C.
La méthode utilisant le pycnomètre bicapillaire gradué est recommandée pour la détermination précise de la masse volumique ou de la densité de tous les produits, à l'exception des plus visqueux; elle est particulièrement utile lorsque de faibles quantités d'échantillon sont disponibles. L'application de la méthode est limitée aux liquides dont la pression de vapeur Reid déterminée selon l'ISO 3007 est inférieure ou égale à 130 kPa (1,3 bar) et dont la viscosité cinématique est inférieure à 50 mm2/s [50 centistokes (cSt)] à la température de l'essai.
Des précautions spéciales sont spécifiées dans le cas de la détermination de la masse volumique ou de la densité des liquides très volatils.
Surova nafta in tekoči ali trdni naftni proizvodi - Določanje gostote ali relativne gostote - Metoda s piknometrom s kapilarnim zamaškom in metoda z graduiranim bikapilarnim piknometrom (ISO 3838:2004)
Standard ISO 3838:2004 določa metodo za določanje gostote ali relativne gostote surove nafte in naftnih proizvodov, ki se jih obravnava kot tekočine.
Metoda s piknometrom s kapilarnim zamaškom se prav tako uporablja s trdnimi naftnimi proizvodi in tudi za katranske derivate, vključno s cestnim katranom, kreozotom in katransko smolo, ali za njihove mešanice z naftnimi proizvodi. Ta metoda ni primerna za določanje gostote ali relativne gostote izjemno hlapnih tekočin s parnim tlakom po Reidu, večjim od 50 kPa v skladu s standardom ISO 3007, ali ki imajo začetno vrelišče pod 40 stopinjami Celzija.
Metodo z graduiranim bikapilarnim piknometrom se priporoča za natančno določanje gostote ali relativne gostote vseh proizvodov, razen bolj viskoznih, in je še posebej uporabna, ko so na voljo samo majhne količine vzorcev. Metoda je omejena na tekočine, ki imajo parni tlak po Reidu 130 kPa ali manj v skladu s standardom ISO 3007, in ki imajo kinematično viskoznost manj kot 50 mm2/s (50 centistokov (cSt)) pri preskusni temperaturi.
Posebni varnostni ukrepi so določeni za določanje gostote ali relativne gostote in izjemno hlapnih tekočin.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.JUDGXLUDQLPRohöl und flüssige oder feste Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Dichte oder der relativen Dichte - Verfahren mittels Pyknometer mit Kapillarstopfen und Bikapillar-Pyknometer mit Skale (ISO 3838:2004)Pétrole brut et produits pétroliers liquides ou solides - Détermination de la masse volumique ou de la densité relative - Méthodes du pycnometre a bouchon capillaire et du pycnometre bicapillaire gradué (ISO 3838:2004)Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products - Determination of density or relative density - Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods (ISO 3838:2004)75.080Naftni proizvodi na splošnoPetroleum products in general75.040Surova naftaCrude petroleumICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN ISO 3838:2004SIST EN ISO 3838:2004en01-september-2004SIST EN ISO 3838:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN ISO 3838:19981DGRPHãþD
Reference numberISO 3838:2004(E)© ISO 2004
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO3838Second edition2004-05-01Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products — Determination of density or relative density — Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods Pétrole brut et produits pétroliers liquides ou solides — Détermination de la masse volumique ou de la densité — Méthodes du pycnomètre à bouchon capillaire et du pycnomètre bicapillaire gradué
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ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved
ISO 3838:2004(E) © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope.1 2 Normative references.1 3 Terms and definitions.2 4 Principle.2 4.1 Capillary-stoppered pyknometer.2 4.2 Graduated bicapillary pyknometer.2 5 Apparatus.2 6 Preparation of pyknometer.6 7 Calibration of pyknometer.6 7.1 Conditioning.6 7.2 Capillary-stoppered pyknometer.8 7.3 Graduated bicapillary pyknometer.8 7.4 Other reference temperatures.8 7.5 Recalibration.8 8 Procedure for capillary-stoppered pyknometers.9 8.1 Procedure for liquids.9 8.2 Procedure for solid or semi-solid samples.9 9 Procedure for graduated bicapillary pyknometers.10 10 Calculations.10 10.1 Symbols.10 10.2 Reference, calibration and test temperatures.11 10.3 Correction for the thermal expansion of the pyknometer.12 10.4 Calculation of density of a liquid.14 10.5 Calculation of relative density of a liquid.15 10.6 Calculation of density or relative density of a solid or semi-solid.16 11 Precision.16 11.1 Capillary-stoppered pyknometer method.16 11.2 Graduated bicapillary pyknometer method.17 12 Test report.17
ISO 3838:2004(E) iv © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3838 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants, Subcommittee SC 3, Static petroleum measurement. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3838:1983), which has been technically revised.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3838:2004(E) © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved 1 Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products — Determination of density or relative density — Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods 1 Scope 1.1 This International Standard specifies methods for the determination of the density or relative density of crude petroleum and of petroleum products handled as liquids. 1.2 The capillary-stoppered pyknometer method is also for use with solids and this method may also be used for coal tar products, including road tars, creosote and tar pitches, or for mixtures of these with petroleum products. This method is not suitable for the determination of the density or relative density of highly volatile liquids having Reid vapour pressures greater than 50 kPa according to ISO 3007 or having an initial boiling point below 40 °C. 1.3 The graduated bicapillary pyknometer method is recommended for the accurate determination of the density or relative density of all except the more viscous products, and is particularly useful when only small amounts of samples are available. The method is restricted to liquids having Reid vapour pressures of 130 kPa or less according to ISO 3007 and having kinematic viscosities less than 50 mm2/s [50 centistokes (cSt)] at the test temperature. Special precautions are specified for the determination of the density or relative density of highly volatile liquids. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 91-1:1992, Petroleum measurement tables — Part 1: Tables based on reference temperatures of 15 °C and 60 °F ISO 91-2:1991, Petroleum measurement tables — Part 2: Tables based on a reference temperature of 20 °C ISO 653:1980, Long solid-stem thermometers for precision use ISO 3007:1999, Petroleum products and crude petroleum — Determination of vapour pressure — Reid method ISO 3507:1999, Laboratory glassware — Pyknometers ISO 5024:1999, Petroleum liquids and liquefied petroleum gases — Measurement — Standard reference conditions SIST EN ISO 3838:2004
ISO 3838:2004(E) 2 © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 density mass of the substance divided by its volume NOTE When reporting the density, it is necessary for the unit of density used, together with the temperature, to be explicitly stated, for example kilograms per cubic metre, or grams per millilitre, at t °C. 3.2 apparent mass in air value obtained by weighing in air against standard masses without making correction for the effect of air buoyancy on either the standard masses or the object weighed 3.3 observed density value required in order to enter Tables 53A, 53B and 53D, or 59A, 59B and 59D, referred to in ISO 91, determined with soda-lime glass apparatus at a test temperature which differs from the calibration temperature of the apparatus, no correction having been made for the thermal expansion or contraction of the glass 3.4 relative density ratio of the mass of a volume of a substance at a temperature t1 to the mass of an equal volume of another substance at a temperature t2. The temperatures t1 and t2 may be equal. For the purpose of this International Standard, the other substance is water, i.e. the relative density is the ratio of the density of the substance at a temperature t1 to the density of water at a temperature t2. NOTE When reporting the relative density, it is necessary for the temperatures t1 and t2 be explicitly stated. ISO 91-1 refers to tables for the reduction of relative density to 60/60 °F. If results are required referred to another reference temperature, the determination should be carried out at that temperature. 4 Principle 4.1 Capillary-stoppered pyknometer The masses of equal volumes of the sample and of water are compared. Equal volumes are ensured by the pyknometer being filled so as to overflow when placed in a bath at the test temperature until equilibrium is reached. The calculation (Clause 10) includes corrections for thermal expansion of glass and for buoyancy. 4.2 Graduated bicapillary pyknometer The graduated arms of the pyknometer are calibrated, using water, in terms of the apparent mass in air of water contained in the pyknometer, and a graph is prepared. The liquid sample is drawn into the dried pyknometer and, after it has reached equilibrium at the test temperature, the liquid levels are noted and the pyknometer weighed. The apparent mass in air of an equal volume of water is read from the graph and the density or relative density of the sample is calculated, with corrections being made as in 4.1. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Capillary-stoppered pyknometer, one of the three types shown in Figure 1 (see 8.1.1). 5.1.1 The pyknometers shall conform to the relevant requirements of ISO 3507. SIST EN ISO 3838:2004
ISO 3838:2004(E) © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved 3 The “warden” form [see a) in Figure 1] is recommended for all except viscous or solid products and should always be used for volatile products. The ground glass cap, or “warden”, greatly reduces expansion and evaporation losses and this form of pyknometer may be used when the test temperature is lower than that of the laboratory. 5.1.2 The form of pyknometer shown in b) in Figure 1, known as the Gay-Lussac type, is suitable for non-volatile liquids except those of high viscosity. 5.1.3 The wide-mouth (Hubbard) form of pyknometer [see c) in Figure 1] is used for very viscous liquids and solids. 5.1.4 As the forms of pyknometer shown in b) and c) in Figure 1 have no “warden” or expansion chamber, they cannot be used when the temperature of the test is so far below that of the labor
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