kSIST FprEN 1493:2026
(Main)Vehicle lifts
- Abstract
This document is applicable to stationary and mobile vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons but which are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units.
Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered.
The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal.
This document does not exclude a person from entering a lifted vehicle on wheel supporting lifts, e.g. for special works or for periodical technical inspection, and vehicle lifts for rail-bound vehicles.
This document does not contain requirements for hazards which may arise on vehicle lifts where the carrying device can be tilted.
NOTE Noise does not play a role in vehicle lifts in the majority of cases and is therefore not considered in this document.
This document does not apply to:
- vehicle lifts movable when loaded;
- equipment for power driven parking of motor vehicles (see EN 14010:2003+A1:2009).
This document is applicable to vehicle lifts which are manufactured six months after the date of its publication as a European Standard.
- Status
- Not Published
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 30-May-2024
- Technical Committee
- DTN - Lift and transport appliances
- Current Stage
- 5020 - Formal vote (FV) (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 18-Sep-2026
- Due Date
- 06-Nov-2026
- Ref Project
FprEN 1493 - Vehicle lifts
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 is a draft European standard for vehicle lifts. It specifies safety requirements, protective measures, verification methods and information for use for stationary and mobile vehicle lifts used to raise vehicles so that work can be done on or under them while they are raised. It is written for manufacturers, installers, operators and anyone checking whether a vehicle lift is suitable for use.
What does kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 specify?
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 applies to vehicle lifts that raise vehicles totally, not people. The scope covers stationary and mobile lifts, including lifts made of one or more lifting units, and it allows entry into a lifted vehicle only in the special cases described in the scope, with safety measures defined by the manufacturer and made clear in the instructions.
The document assumes a horizontal supporting floor or ground and excludes several cases, including vehicle lifts movable when loaded, power-driven parking equipment for motor vehicles, lifts with a tilting carrying device, and power supply by internal combustion engines. It also notes that noise is not considered because it is generally not a relevant hazard for these products.
The document is organized into:
- Clause 3 - terms and definitions
- Clause 4 - safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
- Clause 5 - verification of the safety requirements and/or measures
- Clause 6 - information for use
| Annex | What it covers |
|---|---|
| Annex A | Significant hazards and the clauses that address them |
| Annex B | Structural calculations |
| Annex C | Explanatory figures and examples for lift types, controls and load cases |
| Annex D | Example wind information for outside use |
| Annex E | Test procedure for unintended blocking of the load carrying device |
| Annex F | Deflection test for a chassis supporting vehicle lift with carrying arms |
| Annex G | Test method for platform end stop |
| Annex H | Arm locking device proof test procedure |
| Annex I | Test method for end stop of telescopic arms |
| Annex ZA | Relationship with Directive 2006/42/EC |
What are the key requirements of kSIST FprEN 1493:2026?
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 is built around hazard reduction in normal workshop use, failure cases and verification. The main practical point is that the lift has to be designed, controlled and documented so that a vehicle can be raised, held and lowered without creating avoidable risks to people or to the vehicle.
Control, access and operating safety
Clause 4.2 requires a fixed and accessible device that prevents unauthorized use when the lift is taken out of operation. In practice, this means the lift should not be easy to start by someone who has not been trained or authorized.
Clauses 4.3 and 4.4 cover control elements and control devices, including hold-to-run control, grouped controls, logical operation, marking, prevention of unintentional operation, fixed and mobile controls, emergency stop and stopping devices. The standard is clearly focused on making the operating direction obvious and making accidental activation less likely, which matters when an operator is working close to moving parts.
Clause 4.5 requires duplicated drive systems to be arranged so that a power-driven drive cannot move a manual drive, or the reverse. Clause 4.6 limits lifting and lowering speed, with a lower limit for rail-bound vehicle lifts than for other vehicle lifts.
Structural design, load cases and stability
Clause 4.7 sets the structural basis for the supporting structure. It covers regular loads, occasional wind loads and exceptional loads, and it uses the concept of a normative vehicle to represent the vehicles for which the lift is designed. For the reader, this means the rated load and the vehicle geometry used for design calculations are not arbitrary - they are tied to the vehicle categories and load distributions in the document.
The structural rules also distinguish between wheel-support and chassis-support lifts, and they address special vehicles separately. Clause 4.7.6 requires proof of stability against overturning, which is important for outdoor use, tall lifts and vehicles with large exposed surfaces.
Clause 4.10 adds guard requirements for lifts with balconies. Where front or side balconies are higher than 1 m, the balconies need guards, non-slip surfaces and measures to prevent unintended movement of movable guard parts.
Lifting motion, failure protection and synchronization
Clauses 4.11 to 4.15 focus on keeping the load carrying device under control. Clause 4.11 requires motion to stop before the end positions are reached. Clauses 4.12 and 4.13 require protection against unintended blocking and rupture of mechanical lifting elements, with limits on how much downward movement can occur and with safety devices that work independently of the drive system.
Clause 4.14 covers protection against leakage and limits lowering speed. Clause 4.15 is important for lifts with more than one lifting unit: it requires protection against overload, rolling, sliding, tilting and dangerous asynchronisation. It also links synchronization control to performance level c of EN ISO 13849-1:2015, and to performance level d for certain high-rigidity vehicles. In practice, this is the part to check when a lift carries a long vehicle on several supports.
Clause 4.16 adds requirements for mobile vehicle lifts, including unintended motion, service brakes for powered mobility, manual movement devices, derailment protection, forces and visibility.
Special uses: standing under load and motorcycles
Clause 4.22 gives extra requirements for lifts where it is permitted to stand under the load during lifting and lowering. It covers control devices, control positions, lifting and lowering speed, rupture or leakage protection and operation instructions. If the intended use allows a person to work under a moving load, the safety concept becomes stricter.
Clause 4.23 adds requirements for motorcycle lifts. It addresses the concentrated load area of a motorcycle and requires a holding device to prevent the motorcycle from falling. For the user, this means a general vehicle lift cannot simply be assumed suitable for motorcycles unless those extra conditions are met.
What terms does kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 define?
- Vehicle lift - a lifting device with a guided load carrying device for lifting land-based means of transportation so that work can be done on or under the vehicle.
- Normative vehicle - a theoretical reference vehicle used for structural calculations of the lift.
- Rated load - the maximum load the vehicle lift is designed to carry.
- Lifting capacity - the maximum load a single independent lifting unit is designed to carry when it is part of a multiple lifting unit lift.
- Lifting unit - the assembly made up of the load carrying device, supporting structure and drive system.
- Load carrying device - the part that supports the vehicle directly or through pads or pick-up plates and moves during lifting and lowering.
- Hazardous area - the area under the load carrying device and under the lifted vehicle.
- PTI (periodical test investigation) - periodic roadworthiness testing for motor vehicles and their trailers under current legislation.
Who uses kSIST FprEN 1493:2026?
Manufacturers use kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 when designing the lift, choosing control systems, sizing the structure and preparing the instructions for use. Installers use it when fitting the lift, checking the floor assumptions and confirming the safety devices work as intended.
Workshop operators, workshop safety managers and maintenance teams use it to understand safe operation, locking out unauthorized use, inspection points and special rules for mobile lifts, motorcycle lifts and lifts where work under the raised vehicle is allowed. Buyers, quality managers and conformity assessors use it to compare designs and verify whether a product fits the intended use case.
What changed in kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 from the previous edition?
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 will supersede EN 1493:2022.
Which standards are used with kSIST FprEN 1493:2026?
| Standard | What it contributes |
|---|---|
| EN 13557:2003+A2:2008 | Controls and control stations |
| EN 60204-1:2018 | Electrical equipment of machines |
| EN 60529:1991 | IP-code for enclosures |
| EN 60947-5-1:2017 | Electromechanical control circuit devices |
| EN ISO 3691-5:2015+AC:2016+A1:2020 | Safety requirements and verification for pedestrian-propelled trucks |
| EN ISO 4413:2010 | Hydraulic fluid power safety rules |
| EN ISO 4414:2010 | Pneumatic fluid power safety rules |
| EN ISO 12100:2010 | Risk assessment and risk reduction principles |
| EN ISO 13849-1:2015 | Safety-related parts of control systems, design |
| EN ISO 13849-2:2012 | Safety-related parts of control systems, validation |
| EN ISO 13850:2015 | Emergency stop function |
| ISO 4301-1:2016 | Crane classification used for classification concepts |
| ISO 16625:2013 | Selection of wire ropes, drums and sheaves |
The scope also cites EN 14010:2003+A1:2009 as the reference for power-driven parking equipment excluded from this document.
What does the kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 document contain?
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 contains safety requirements, verification methods, definitions and user information requirements, plus annexes that support design and testing. It includes tables for hazards, load distribution, verification methods and wind information, together with figures that explain lift types, control arrangements and test setups.
The annexes give practical test methods for unintended blocking, deflection, platform end stops, arm locking devices and telescopic arm end stops. Annex B supports structural calculations, while Annex C provides examples and explanatory figures that help designers and users interpret the main clauses.
Relations
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2026
- Effective Date
- 28-Jan-2023
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Frequently Asked Questions
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 is a draft published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Vehicle lifts". This standard covers: This document is applicable to stationary and mobile vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons but which are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units. Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered. The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal. This document does not exclude a person from entering a lifted vehicle on wheel supporting lifts, e.g. for special works or for periodical technical inspection, and vehicle lifts for rail-bound vehicles. This document does not contain requirements for hazards which may arise on vehicle lifts where the carrying device can be tilted. NOTE Noise does not play a role in vehicle lifts in the majority of cases and is therefore not considered in this document. This document does not apply to: - vehicle lifts movable when loaded; - equipment for power driven parking of motor vehicles (see EN 14010:2003+A1:2009). This document is applicable to vehicle lifts which are manufactured six months after the date of its publication as a European Standard.
This document is applicable to stationary and mobile vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons but which are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units. Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered. The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal. This document does not exclude a person from entering a lifted vehicle on wheel supporting lifts, e.g. for special works or for periodical technical inspection, and vehicle lifts for rail-bound vehicles. This document does not contain requirements for hazards which may arise on vehicle lifts where the carrying device can be tilted. NOTE Noise does not play a role in vehicle lifts in the majority of cases and is therefore not considered in this document. This document does not apply to: - vehicle lifts movable when loaded; - equipment for power driven parking of motor vehicles (see EN 14010:2003+A1:2009). This document is applicable to vehicle lifts which are manufactured six months after the date of its publication as a European Standard.
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 43.180 - Diagnostic, maintenance and test equipment; 53.020.99 - Other lifting equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN ISO 12625-17:2021, SIST EN 1493:2023. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC, 2023/1230; Standardization Mandates: M/396, M/605. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
kSIST FprEN 1493:2026 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
01-maj-2024
Dvigala za servisiranje vozil
Vehicle lifts
Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen
Élévateurs de véhicules
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1493
ICS:
43.180 Diagnostična, vdrževalna in Diagnostic, maintenance and
preskusna oprema test equipment
53.020.99 Druga dvigalna oprema Other lifting equipment
oSIST prEN 1493:2024 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1493
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2024
ICS 43.180; 53.020.99 Will supersede EN 1493:2022
English Version
Vehicle lifts
??ateurs de v?icules Fahrzeug-Hebeb?nen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 98.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1493:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction. 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions. 8
3.1 General . 8
3.2 Vehicle lift parts . 10
3.3 Vehicle lift type . 13
3.4 Safety related parts . 15
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Preventing unauthorised operation . 18
4.3 Control elements . 18
4.3.1 Hold-to-run control . 18
4.3.2 Grouped control devices . 18
4.3.3 Logical operation . 18
4.3.4 Marking . 18
4.3.5 Unintentional operation . 18
4.4 Control devices . 18
4.4.1 General . 18
4.4.2 Fixed control devices . 19
4.4.3 Mobile control devices . 19
4.4.4 Controlling multiple Lifting Unit Lift . 20
4.4.5 Emergency stop device . 20
4.4.6 Stopping device . 20
4.5 Duplicated drive systems . 20
4.6 Speeds . 20
4.7 Structural design of the supporting structure . 21
4.7.1 General . 21
4.7.2 Loads and forces . 21
4.7.3 Load combinations . 23
4.7.4 Load distribution . 24
4.7.5 Lifting elements . 35
4.7.6 Proof of stability against overturning . 38
4.8 Drive system . 38
4.8.1 Preventing uncontrolled motion . 38
4.8.2 Preventing inadvertent moving from stationary condition when raised . 39
4.8.3 Additional requirements for mechanical drives . 39
4.8.4 Additional requirements for hydraulic drives . 39
4.8.5 Additional requirements for pneumatic drives . 40
4.9 Load carrying devices . 41
4.9.1 Unintended motion of the load carrying device . 41
4.9.2 Vehicle pick-up-plates . 41
4.9.3 Vehicle pick-up pads . 43
4.9.4 Locking systems of carrying arms . 43
4.9.5 Prevention of rolling off . 44
4.10 Additional requirements for vehicle lifts with balconies . 44
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
4.11 Limiting the travel of the load carrying device . 45
4.12 Unintended blocking of the load carrying device . 45
4.13 Safety against rupture of mechanical lifting elements . 46
4.14 Safety against leakage . 46
4.14.1 Limiting the lowering speed . 46
4.14.2 Protection against leakage . 46
4.15 Additional requirements for vehicle lifts with more than one lifting units . 46
4.16 Additional requirements for mobile vehicle lifts . 47
4.16.1 Safety against unintended motion . 47
4.16.2 Service brakes for vehicle lifts using powered mobility . 47
4.16.3 Devices for moving manually mobile vehicle lifts . 47
4.16.4 Derailment protection . 47
4.16.5 Forces . 47
4.16.6 Visibility . 47
4.17 Protection against pinching and shearing . 48
4.17.1 General . 48
4.17.2 Safety distances . 48
4.17.3 Other safety measures . 48
4.18 Safety devices . 49
4.18.1 General . 49
4.18.2 Arrangement . 49
4.18.3 Function of mechanical safety devices . 49
4.18.4 Safety switches . 49
4.18.5 Springs in safety devices . 50
4.19 Protection against damage . 50
4.19.1 Wearing parts . 50
4.19.2 Lead screws . 50
4.19.3 Installation of hoses, pipes and electrical equipment . 50
4.20 Manually driven vehicle lifts . 50
4.21 Electrical equipment . 50
4.21.1 General . 50
4.21.2 IP-code . 50
4.21.3 Means of disconnecting the power supply . 51
4.22 Special requirements for vehicle lifts where it is permitted to stand under the load
during lifting and lowering movement . 51
4.22.1 Control devices . 51
4.22.2 Control positions . 51
4.22.3 Lifting and lowering speed . 51
4.22.4 Safety against rupture or leakage of load bearing devices . 51
4.22.5 Operation instructions . 51
4.23 Additional requirements for vehicle lifts for motorcycles . 51
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures. 52
5.1 General . 52
5.2 Design check . 55
5.3 Manufacturing check . 56
5.4 Visual verification . 56
5.5 Practical tests . 56
5.5.1 General . 56
5.5.2 Overload dynamic test . 56
5.5.3 Overload static test . 56
5.5.4 Functional tests . 57
5.5.5 Electrical tests . 57
6 Information for use . 57
6.1 General . 57
6.2 Marking . 57
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
6.3 Operation instructions . 58
6.3.1 Complete instructions . 58
6.3.2 Digest of the instructions for use . 60
6.4 Name plate . 60
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 61
Annex B (informative) Structural calculations . 63
Annex C (informative) Examples of solutions . 67
Annex D (informative) Example of information about wind . 100
Annex E (normative) Test procedure for unintended blocking of the load carrying device
(4.12). 101
Annex F (normative) Deflection test of a chassis supporting vehicle lift with carrying arms . 102
Annex G (normative) Test method for platform end stop . 104
Annex H (normative) Arm locking device proof test procedure . 109
Annex I (normative) Test method for end stop of telescopic arms . 110
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 112
Bibliography . 116
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 1493:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 98 “Lifting
platforms”, the secretariat of which, is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1493:2023.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
Compared to EN 1493:2010, the following changes have been made:
• The Terms and Definitions chapter (and consequently the entire text of the standard) has been
completely revised
• The presence of people on the raised vehicle is admitted but only in special cases
• References for motorcycles and light quadricycles were added
• Resolved the inconsistency on the interpretation of the normative vehicle in the case of chassis
supporting lifts with arms
• Control devices: completely revised, dividing the controls into two categories: Fixed controls and
mobile controls
• For multiple element lifts (e.g. mobile columns) the “rated load”, intended as the maximum weight
of the vehicle to be lifted, is replaced by the “lifting capacity” referred to the single column
• In the case of special vehicles lifts, two distinct rated loads can be provided: One for normal vehicles
(and therefore based on the Normative Vehicle) and the other specific for the special vehicles for
which the vehicle lift is intended
• Rope calculation: completely revised, with reference to ISO16625: 2013 and ISO 4301-1: 2016
standards
• Vehicle stop devices in wheel support lifts: revised calculation and verification method
• Arm locking devices: revised calculation and verification method. Added prescriptions for anti-slip
safety and play limitation between the various elements of the arms
• Important interventions on the instruction manual requirements
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
The object of this document is to define rules for safeguarding persons against the risk of accidents
associated with the operation of vehicle lifts.
While devising this document it was assumed that only authorized persons operate or use the vehicle lifts
and that the working area is sufficiently lit.
This standard assumes that an operator will lower a raised vehicle to the ground level or as low as
possible when he/she is not working on it.
The requirement concerning loading control is not deemed pertinent to this standard in so far as:
— experience and the state of the art suggests that failing to observe this requirement has not
historically given rise to unsafe situations;
— such devices which would give protection against overall and local overloading are not currently
available in forms which cover all eventualities;
— the weight and weight distribution is freely available for the type of vehicles to be lifted and as such
it is the responsibility of the user to prevent an unsafe situation arising;
— vehicle lifts are generally designed to suit the maximum weight of vehicle to which it would
reasonably be subjected, hence the normal duty of a vehicle lift is substantially lower than the
maximum.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
1 Scope
This document is applicable to vehicle lifts designed to raise vehicles for the purpose of examining and
working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position.
Vehicle lifts are not intended to lift persons, but in case of particular use like lift for vehicles periodical
technical inspection or lifts for railbound vehicles, it is allowed for a person to enter a lifted vehicle,
provided that adequate safety measures are defined by the manufacturer and highlighted in the
instruction manual.
The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units, stationary or mobile.
The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal (tolerance should be
indicated).
This document does not apply to:
o Vehicle lifts designed to lift the vehicle partially
o Vehicle lifts movable when loaded
o Vehicle lifts where the load carrying device can be tilted
o Vehicle lifts where power supply is given by internal combustion engines
o Equipment for power driven parking of motor vehicles (see EN1410:2003 +A1:2009)
Noise is not considered in this document because in practice it does not play a role in vehicle lifts.
This document is applicable to vehicle lifts which are manufactured six months after the date of its
publication as a European Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13557:2003+A2:2008, Cranes - Controls and control stations
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2016, modified)
1),
Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989 + A1:1999 +
EN 60529:1991,
A2:2013)
EN 60947-5-1:2017, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and
switching elements - Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1:2016 + COR1:2016)
EN ISO 3691-5:2015+AC:2016+A1:2020, Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 5:
Pedestrian-propelled trucks (ISO 3691-5:2014)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
1)
This document is impacted by A1:2000 and A2:2013.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13849-2:2012, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 2: Validation (ISO
13849-2:2012)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015)
ISO 4301-1:2016, Cranes — Classification — Part 1: General
ISO 16625:2013, Cranes and hoists — Selection of wire ropes, drums and sheaves
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General
3.1.1
vehicle lift
lifting device with guided load carrying device for lifting land based means of transportation and which
is designed to allow working on or under the raised vehicle
Note 1 to entry: Land based means of transportation are cars, motorcycles, lorries, buses, trams, rail vehicles,
industrial trucks and similar,
Note 2 to entry: The following types of vehicle lift are examples of those covered by this definition: single and multi-
column lifts (e.g. two or four column lifts), single and multi-cylinder lifts, mobile column lifts, scissor and
parallelogram lifts, double scissor lifts, in-ground piston lifts, in-ground scissor lifts, short stroke lifts, which support
vehicle wheels, chassis or other designated lifting points (see Annex C).
3.1.2
normative vehicle
theoretical vehicle representative of the normal vehicles on which a vehicle lift is intended to operate,
used as reference vehicle for structural calculations of the vehicle lift itself (see 4.7.4.2, 4.7.4.3 and
Table 3)
3.1.3
normal vehicle
land based mean of transport such as cars, motorcycles, lorries, buses, trams, trucks and similar
commonly on the road
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
3.1.4
special vehicle
vehicle that does not fall within the normal vehicle types and for which the Normative Vehicle is no longer
representative (i.e.: fork-lifts, dumpers, snowcats, rail bound vehicles, mobile cranes, .)
3.1.5
wheel track (WT)
distance between the centre lines of the wheels on one axle or between centre lines of wheel pairs on
twin wheel axles
3.1.6
wheelbase
distance between the centres of wheels of front and rear axle or from the centre of the wheels on the front
axle to a point mid-way between axle pairs on twin axle vehicles
3.1.7
rated load
maximum load that a vehicle lift has been designed to carry referring to the normative vehicle or to
special vehicles
3.1.8
lifting capacity
maximum load that a single independent lifting unit has been designed to carry when part of a multiple
lifting unit lift
3.1.9
lifting height
distance between the floor where the user is standing and the vehicle’s pickup points
3.1.10
hazardous area
area under the load carrying device and under the lifted vehicle
Note 1 to entry: The hazardous area is part of the hazard zone according to EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.11.
3.1.11
operator
trained person authorised to use the vehicle lift by the workshop safety manager
3.1.12
bystander
person other than the operator near the vehicle lift
3.1.13
initial position
lower limit position of the carrying device
3.1.14
unauthorised use
use by a person who has not received permission to operate the vehicle lift and instruction on its safe
operation
3.1.15
periodical test investigation (PTI)
periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers in accordance with current legislation
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
3.2 Vehicle lift parts
3.2.1
drive system
components and systems for lifting and lowering movements, including power source, controls and lifting
elements
Note 1 to entry: Examples are
— in electrohydraulic vehicle lifts: Electrohydraulic unit, cylinders, ropes, electric controls;
— in electromechanical vehicle lifts: Electric motor + transmission (pulley, gear box, .), lifting screws,
electric controls.
3.2.2
lifting unit
lifting device in general made up of a load carrying device, a supporting structure and its drive system
Note 1 to entry: A lifting unit may share parts of its drive system with other lifting units.
Note 2 to entry: Examples of lifting units are one column of a two column lift (see Figure C.2), one unit of a double-
scissor lift (see Figure C.3).
3.2.3
independent lifting unit
lifting unit not sharing any part of or all of the drive system with other lifting units
Note 1 to entry: Example of an independent lifting unit is a single column of a mobile column lift.
3.2.4
supporting structure
part(s) of the vehicle lift which offer guidance to the load carrying device, but which do not move when
the load is raised/lowered
EXAMPLE: The posts on a two/four post lift.
3.2.5
load carrying device
part(s) of the vehicle lift which support the load either by direct contact with the vehicle or through
contact with pick-up plates and/or pads
Note 1 to entry: The load carrying device is the part of the structure of the vehicle lift which is moving when the
load is raised/lowered.
EXAMPLE: Platforms, carrying arms or other mechanical devices designed to raise and support a vehicle by
designated lifting points.
3.2.6
lifting element
medium through which the force is transmitted from the power source to the load carrying device
Note 1 to entry: Lifting elements include hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders, lead screw and nut systems as well as
any flexible connections such as steel wire ropes and chains but excluding the ropes/chains having the sole scope
of synchronising different lifting units.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
3.2.7
mechanical lifting element
lifting element constructed from engineering materials and which may be reasonably subjected to wear
Note 1 to entry: Mechanical lifting elements are e.g. ropes, chains, carrying nuts and gears. Hydraulic and
pneumatic cylinders do not fall under this definition.
3.2.8
carrying arm
load carrying device attached at one end, directly or indirectly to the lifting element and supporting the
load at its other end
Note 1 to entry: Carrying arms are as an example used on two column lifts.
3.2.9
platform
horizontal surface or structure, part of the load carrying device, designed to drive on it with the vehicle
when entering/leaving the vehicle lift
Note 1 to entry: E.g. tracks in scissor lifts
3.2.10
pick-up plate
part of the load carrying device, e.g. on two column lifts with carrying arms, which has direct contact to
the vehicle and which has an assigned position on the load carrying device
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2.11
pick-up pad
vehicle supporting pad which has direct contact with the vehicle but which does not have an assigned
position, e.g. pads used on wheel free systems with platforms
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
Key
1 pick-up plate
2 load carrying device
3 pin
Figure 1 — Pick-up plate
Key
1 pick-up pad
2 platform
Figure 2 — Pick-up pad
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
3.2.12
roll off safety device
device that prevents the vehicle from rolling off the platforms of wheel support vehicle lifts in the event
of involuntary movement of the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: The roll off safety device is not the single wheel stop but is the whole system that prevents the
vehicle from falling off (i.e. both wheel stops when you have two, the single wheel stop when you have one …).
3.2.13
wheel stop
part of roll off safety device at the end of a platform on vehicle lifts which opposes the movement of the
wheel of the vehicle
3.2.14
end stop
mechanical stop that limits the movement of elements within maximum admissible values, ensuring the
maintenance of the intended function of the system
3.2.15
control element
device through which the operator commands at least one of the working functions of the vehicle lift
Note 1 to entry: Examples of control elements are push buttons, joysticks, pedals
3.2.16
fixed control device
control device fixed to the structure of the vehicle lift or in any case set in a predefined fixed position
when the vehicle lift is installed (e.g. fixed control console, controls installed on the walls of the workshop
where the vehicle lift is installed)
3.2.17
mobile control device
control device not fixed to the vehicle lift structure or somewhere else
3.2.18
remote control device
handheld control device connected to the vehicle lift's electrical system via cable or wireless that allows
the vehicle lift to be operated remotely from the main control
3.2.19
consensus control element
additional control element having the sole function of confirming the command implemented by the main
control
3.2.20
wheel free system
lifting unit which is used in conjunction with a pit or vehicle lift with platform lifting the whole vehicle
and allows the wheels to be removed
3.3 Vehicle lift type
3.3.1
multiple lifting unit lift
combination of independent units lifts or two or more vehicle lifts matched to each other
Note 1 to entry: A mobile column lift or two or more lifts installed each one after in tandem with the other and
synchronized with each other are examples of multiple lifting unit lift.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
3.3.2
short stroke lift
floor mounted vehicle lift with a maximum vertical travel of not more than 500 mm, which is not designed
for working under the raised load
Note 1 to entry: These vehicle lifts are different to wheel free systems according to 3.2.20.
3.3.3
long lifting system
lifting system consisting of several lifting units distributed over a distance of more than 15 m
3.3.4
scissor lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its wheels or chassis by one or two platforms, supported on
a single foldable supporting structure
3.3.5
double scissor lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its frame by two separate platforms, which are moving
vertically, each supported on two foldable supporting structures
3.3.6
single column lift
vehicle lift with a vertical supporting structure where a single lifting element is supporting a whole
vehicle on its frame or on its wheels
3.3.7
two column lift
vehicle lift with a fixed vertical supporting structure where two lifting elements are supporting the
vehicle on its frame or on its wheels
3.3.8
four column lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its wheels by platforms rising and lowering along four
vertical fixed columns
3.3.9
in-ground piston lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its frame, axles or wheels by a single/multiple hydraulic
lifting unit(s), partially or totally fitted below ground level
3.3.10
in-ground scissor lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its frame, axles or wheels by a foldable structure, partially
or totally fitted below ground level
3.3.11
mobile column lift
combination of independent lifting units, each with a vertical supporting structure supporting part of a
vehicle on its frame or on a wheel, acting as one vehicle lift
Note 1 to entry: A mobile column lift is a special case of multiple lifting unit lift.
Note 2 to entry: A single independent lifting unit part of a mobile columns lift is not designed to raise a vehicle but
shall be combined with other units to achieve that.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
3.3.12
platform lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its wheels or chassis by one or two separate platforms
3.3.13
rolling jack
auxiliary lifting device used typically to raise just one end of the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: A rolling jack cannot be used as a stand-alone device but shall always be used in conjunction with
another vehicle lift, typically a platform lift or a 4 post lift.
Note 2 to entry: Synonyms for rolling jack are e.g. pit jack, jacking beam.
3.3.14
mobile vehicle lift
movable vehicle lift equipped with wheels, rollers, etc. such that it can be moved from one place to
another without load and can fulfil its function without being fixed to the floor
3.3.15
manually driven vehicle lift
vehicle lift where the load carrying device is driven by human effort
3.3.16
power-driven vehicle lift
vehicle lift where the load carrying device is driven by effort other than human
3.3.17
mechanically driven vehicle lift
power-driven lift not using hydraulic nor pneumatic fluid power
3.4 Safety related parts
3.4.1
catching device
mechanical safety device which holds the load carrying device in case of failure of a lifting element
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
Figure 3 — Catching device
3.4.2
latch
device normally used to prevent unexpected movements in vehicle lifts operated by hydraulic/pneumatic
cylinders
Note 1 to entry: A latch can e.g. consist of a ratchet and pawl device.
Note 2 to entry: See Figures 4 and 5.
Figure 4 — latch consisting of hooks
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
Figure 5 — latch consisting of pawl
3.4.3
pipe rupture valve
valve that limits the unintentional lowering speed of the lift in case of breakage of a hydraulic pipe
3.4.4
total hydraulic redundancy
characteristic of the hydraulic system of a vehicle lift with two or more hydraulic lifting elements for
which any hydraulic leaks do not compromise the safety of the vehicle lift
3.4.5
holding device
device, which holds the load carrying device automatically in a stationary raised position
3.4.6
re-raising prevention device
device which prevents re-raising of load carrying device from the initial position in the event of failure of
the lifting element
3.4.7
automatic brake
braking device which is normally held on and which is released only by application of power
Note 1 to entry: Operation of the braking device is also instigated automatically by releasing the vehicle lift controls
and by interruption of the power supply.
3.4.8
self braking system
system which, due to its inherent resistance to movement, stops the movement of the load carrying device
when the drive power is interrupted
3.4.9
safety switch
switch which performs a safety function
Note 1 to entry: Safety function is as defined in EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.30.
oSIST prEN 1493:2024
prEN 1493:2024 (E)
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of this
clause.
In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for relevant
but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this d
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