SIST EN 13492:2005
(Main)Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations or secondary containment
Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations or secondary containment
This document specifies the relevant characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations and secondary containment, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluids through the construction.
This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products.
This document provides for the evaluation of conformity of the product to this document.
This document defines requirements to be met by manufacturers and distributors with regard to the presentation of product properties.
Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien, Zwischenlagern und Auffangbecken für flüssige Abfallstoffe erforderlich sind
Dieses Dokument legt die relevanten Eigenschaften von geosynthetischen Dichtungsbahnen, einschließlich geosynthetischer Kunststoffdichtungsbahnen, geosynthetischer Tondichtungsbahnen und geosynthetischer Bitumendichtungsbahnen, die als Abdichtung beim Bau von Deponien, Zwischenlagern und Auffangbecken für flüssige Abfallstoffe verwendet werden, und die geeigneten Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung dieser Eigenschaften fest.
Die bestimmungsgemäße Anwendung dieser Produkte besteht im Abdichten gegen das Durchsickern von Wasser durch das Bauwerk.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar auf Geotextilien oder geotextilverwandte Produkte.
Dieses Dokument ermöglicht die Konformitätsbewertung des Produktes hinsichtlich dieses Dokuments.
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen fest, die von Herstellern und Händlern in Bezug auf die Darstellung der Produkteigenschaften eingehalten werden müssen.
Géomembranes, géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction des sites d'évacuation de résidus liquides, des stations de transfert ou enceintes de confinement secondaire
Le présent document spécifie les caractéristiques requises pour les géomembranes polymériques, et bitumineuses et les géosynthétiques bentonitiques destinées a éviter la pénétration de fluides dans la structure des sites d'évacuation de résidus liquides ou des stations de transfert; elle décrit par ailleurs les méthodes d'essai permettant de déterminer ces caractéristiques.
Ces produits ont pour objet d'empecher les fuites de liquides dans la construction.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux géotextiles ou produits apparentés.
Le présent document donne les informations permettant d'évaluer la conformité du produit a ce document.
Le présent document définit les exigences auxquelles les fabricants et distributeurs doivent satisfaire pour la présentation des propriétés du produit.
Geosintetične zapore - Zahtevane lastnosti za uporabo pri konstrukciji odlagališč za tekoče odpadke, prenosnih postaj in drugih zabojnikov
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien, Zwischenlagern und Auffangbecken für flüssige Abfallstoffe erforderlich sindGéomembranes, géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction des sites d'évacuation de résidus liquides, des stations de transfert ou enceintes de confinement secondaireGeosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations or secondary containment59.080.70GeotekstilijeGeotextiles13.030.40Naprave in oprema za odstranjevanje in obdelavo odpadkovInstallations and equipment for waste disposal and treatmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13492:2004SIST EN 13492:2005en01-marec-2005SIST EN 13492:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13492:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13492September 2004ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50 English versionGeosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in theconstruction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations orsecondary containmentBarrières géosynthétiques - Caractéristiques requises pourl'utilisation dans la construction des ouvrages de stockageet d'enfouissement de déchets liquides, des stations detransfert ou de stockage secondaireGeosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die fürdie Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien für flüssigeAbfälle, Zwischenlagern und Auffangbecken für flüssigeAbfallstoffe erforderlich sindThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 March 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13492:2004: ESIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Definitions and abbreviations.8 3.1 Definitions.8 3.2 Abbreviations.9 4 Required characteristics and corresponding methods of test.9 4.1 General.9 4.2 Relevant characteristics.9 4.3 Characteristics relevant to specific conditions of use.12 4.3.1 Tear strength.12 4.3.2 Bursting strength.12 4.3.3 Friction characteristics (direct shear and inclined plane tests).12 4.3.4 Low temperature behaviour.12 4.3.5 Weathering.12 4.3.6 Resistance to wetting and drying.12 4.3.7 Freeze-thaw cycle resistance.13 4.3.8 Resistance to root penetration.13 5 Evaluation of conformity.13 5.1 Presentation of characteristics.13 5.2 Verification of values.13 5.3 Initial type tests.13 5.4 Factory production control.14 5.5 Inspection.14 6 Marking.14 Annex A (normative).15 Scheme of factory production control.15 A.1 Product design.15 A.2 Production.15 A.3 Finished products.15 A.4 Equipment.15 A.5 Provisions applicable to A.1, A.2 and A.3 (to be used where appropriate).16 Annex B (normative).17 Durability of geosynthetic barriers.17 B.1 Introduction.17 B.2 Evaluation of durability tests and acceptance criteria.18 B.3 Weathering.18 B.3.1 Direct tests.18 B.3.2 Period of exposure.19 B.4. Resistance to micro-organisms.20 B.5 Resistance to root penetration.20 B.6 Resistance to environmental stress cracking.20 B.7 Resistance to leaching.20 B.8 Resistance to oxidation.21 B.9 Chemical resistance for landfill applications.21 B.9.1 All applications.21 B.9.2 Liquid and solid waste storage (applicable to EN 13492 and prEN 13493).21 SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 3 B.10 Geosynthetic clay barriers.21 Annex ZA (informative).22 Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive.22 ZA 1. Scope and relevant characteristics.22 ZA.2 System of attestation of conformity for Geomembranes used in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations and secondary containment.23 ZA 3. CE marking and labelling.25 Bibliography.29
SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13492:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosyhthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 5 Introduction This document allows manufacturers to describe geosynthetic barriers on the basis of declared values for characteristics relevant to the intended use and if tested to the specified method. It also includes procedures for evaluation of conformity and factory production control. This document can also be used by designers, end-users and other interested parties as a tool to define relevant and appropriate characteristics for specifications and on-site quality control. It should be emphasised however that not all characteristics and test methods quoted in this document are suitable for the purpose of on-site quality control.
Tests for some non-mandated characteristics are still under study and will be included when the standard is revised. The term “product” used in this document refers to a geosynthetic barrier, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers. This document is part of a group of standards, addressing the requirements for geosynthetic barriers when used in a specific application.
Particular application cases can contain requirements about additional properties and - preferably standardised - test methods, if they are technically relevant and not conflicting with European Standards.
The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.
SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 6
1 Scope This document specifies the relevant characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations and secondary containment, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluids through the construction.
This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products. This document provides for the evaluation of conformity of the product to this document. This document defines requirements to be met by manufacturers and distributors with regard to the presentation of product properties.
2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 495-5 Flexible sheets for waterproofing – Determination of foldability at low temperature – Part 5: Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing EN 963 Geotextiles and geotextile-related standards – Sampling and preparation of test specimens EN 964-1 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products – Determination of thickness at specified pressures - Part 1: Single layers EN 1109 Flexible sheets for waterproofing – Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing - Determination of flexibility at low temperature EN 1849-1 Flexible sheets for waterproofing – Determination of thickness and mass per unit area – Part 1: Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing EN 1849-2 Flexible sheets for waterproofing – Determination of thickness and mass per unit area – Part 2: Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing EN 12224 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products – Determination of the resistance to weathering EN 12225 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products – Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test EN 12226 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products – General tests for evaluation following durability testing EN 12310-1 Flexible sheets for waterproofing – Part 1: Bitumen sheets for waterproofing – Determination of resistance to tearing (nail shank) EN 12311-1 Flexible sheets for waterproofing – Part 1: Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing – Determination of tensile properties SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 7 EN 13361 Geosynthetic barriers – Characteristics required for use in the construction of reservoirs and dams prEN 13362 Geosynthetic barriers – Characteristics required for use in the construction of canals. EN 13491 Geosynthetic barriers – Characteristics required for use as a fluid barrier in the construction of tunnels and underground structures prEN 13493 Geosynthetic barriers – Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites, and storages for hazardous solid materials prEN 14150 Geosynthetic barriers – Determination of permeability to liquids prEN 14151 Geosynthetics – Determination of burst strength EN 14196 Geosynthetics – Test methods for measuring mass per unit area of clay geosynthetic barriers EN 14414 Geosynthetics – Screening test method for determining chemical resistance for landfill applications EN 14415 Geosynthetic barriers – Test method for determining the resistance to leaching prCEN/TS 14416 Geosynthetic barriers – Test method for determining the resistance to roots prEN 14417 Geosynthetic barriers – Test method for the determination of the influence of wetting-drying cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriers prEN 14418 Geosynthetic barriers – Test method for the determination of the influence of freezing-thawing cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriers prEN 14575 Geosynthetic barriers – Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation prEN ISO 10318:2002 Geosynthetics – Terms and definitions (ISO/FDIS 10318:2004) EN ISO 10319 Geotextiles – Wide-width tensile test (ISO 10319:1993) EN ISO 10320 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products – Identification on site (ISO 10320:1999) EN ISO 12236 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products – Static puncture test (CBR-Test) (ISO 12236:1996) prEN ISO 12957-1 Geosynthetics – Determination of friction characteristics – Part 1: Direct shear test (ISO/FDIS 12957-1:2004) prEN ISO 12957-2 Geosynthetics – Determination of friction characteristics – Part 2: Inclined plane test (ISO/FDIS 12957-2:2004) prEN ISO 13438 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products – Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation at elevated oxygen pressure (ISO/FDIS 13438:2004) SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 8 ISO 34 Plastics - Tear strength ISO R 527-1 Plastics -- Determination of tensile properties -- Part 1: General principles
ISO R 527-3 Plastics -- Determination of tensile properties -- Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets
ASTM D 696-91 Standard test method for coefficient of linear thermal expansion of plastics between -30 °C and 30 °C. ASTM D 1434-82 Standard test method for determining gas permeability characteristics of plastic film and sheeting ASTM D 5397-99 Standard test method for evaluation of stress crack resistance of polyolefin geomembranes using notched constant tensile load test ASTM D 5887-95 Standard test method for measurement of index flux through saturated geosynthetic clay liner specimens using a flexible wall permeameter ASTM D 5890-95 Standard test method for swell index of clay mineral component of geosynthetic clay liners. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purpose of this document the definitions given in prEN ISO 10318:2002 and the following apply:
3.1.1 product geosynthetic barrier, including polymeric, bituminous and clay barriers 3.1.2 specification any document in which the works, functions, specific conditions and required material property values of the geosynthetic barrier of use are described 3.1.3 hazardous liquid
any liquid listed as hazardous by national or international regulations and intended for further use 3.1.4 liquid waste Any waste in liquid form, including waste water but excluding liquid-solid mixtures having capability to be handled as, or mixed with solid waste for storage purposes 3.1.5 transfer station site or construction where liquid waste is stored in view of its further transport for recovery, treatment or disposal elsewhere 3.1.6 secondary containment barrier system designed to collect and store any hazardous leakage from a storage system 3.1.7 basal liner material which forms the main barrier to prevent the escape of contained fluids from the base of the facility SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 9 3.1.8 side liner material which forms the main barrier to prevent the escape of contained fluids from the sides of the facility 3.1.9 capping liner material placed above the waste or contaminated material to prevent the ingress of water and the uncontrolled escape of fluids and/or gases 3.2 Abbreviations For the purpose of this document the abbreviations of prEN ISO 10318:2002 and the following
apply:
GBR-P
: polymeric geosynthetic barrier GBR-B : bituminous geosynthetic barrier GBR-C : clay geosynthetic barrier 4 Required characteristics and corresponding methods of test 4.1 General The main function of geosynthetic barriers used in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations and secondary containment, is to prevent the movement of fluids through the construction and to prevent the stored hazardous liquids or the leachate of the stored materials to escape into the environment. This includes the use of a geosynthetic barrier as a basal, side or capping liner. Damage during installation has not been addressed in this document. 4.2 Relevant characteristics The characteristics and the test methods to be used, are given in Table 1. The list of characteristics in Table 1 includes those relevant to all conditions of use and subject to harmonisation (H) (see Annex D), those relevant to all conditions of use and not subject to harmonisation (A), and those relevant to specific conditions of use and not subject to harmonisation (S).
The functions and conditions of use, corresponding with the characteristics, marked with “S” in table 1, are specified in 4.3.
The manufacturer shall provide the data based on the results of tests specified in this document and where relevant, in accordance with 5.1. The manufacturer shall provide information on how functioning joints can be made. Where products are jointed in the factory the water permeability and if relevant the strength of the joints shall be tested and data presented. SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 10 Table 1: Geosynthetic Barriers used in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations and secondary containment - Functions, function-related characteristics and test methods to be used.
Geosynthetic Barrier Test Methods Remarks Nr Property to be tested GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C
Physical Properties
1 Thickness A A A EN 1849-2 EN 1849-1 EN 964-1
2 Mass per unit area A A A EN 1849-2 EN 1849-1 EN 14196
Hydraulic Properties
3 Water permeability (liquid tightness)
H H H pr EN 14150 pr EN 14150 ASTM D 5887-95 4 Gas permeability (gas tightness) H H - ASTM D 1434 ASTM D 1434
- Only applicable for cap and cover liners.
5 Swell Index - - A - - ASTM D 5890-95
Mechanical Properties
6 Tensile strength
H H H ISO R 527 EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 For GBR-P use ISO 527 part 1 and 3, test specimen type 5 at a speed of 100 mm/min and report the maximum strength measured in accordance with the test method 7 Elongation A A A ISO R 527 EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 For GBR-P use ISO 527 part 1 and 3, test specimen type 5 at a speed of 100 mm/min; calculation of elongation as defined in ISO 527-1, 10.2 using grip separation measurement. 8 Static Puncture H H H EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236
9 Burst Strength S S S prEN 14151
prEN 14151 prEN 14151 This test apply to GBR-C only if they contain a polymeric or bituminous barrier element 10 Tear strength S S - ISO 34 EN 12310-1 - For GBR-P use Method B, angle Specimen (Fig 2) without nick at a speed of 50 mm/min 11 Friction Direct shear S S S prEN ISO 12957-1 prEN ISO 12957-1 prEN ISO 12957-1
12 Friction Inclined
Plane S S S prEN ISO 12957-2 prEN ISO 12957-2 prEN ISO 12957-2
Thermal Properties
13 Low temp behaviour (flexure) S S - EN 495-5 EN 1109 -
SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 11
Geosynthetic Barrier Test Methods Remarks Nr Property to be tested GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C
14 Thermal expansion A A - ASTM D 696-91 - -
Durability and Chemical Resistance
15 Weathering H H - EN 12224 EN 12224 EN 12224 GBR-C: see 4.3.5 16 Micro organisms A A A EN 12225 EN 12225 EN 12225
17 Oxidation H H H prEN 14575 prEN 14575
prEN ISO 13438 for the geotextile elements and reinforcement yarns of GBR-C barriers prEN ISO 13438 is applicable 18 Environmental stress cracking H - S ASTM D 5397-99 (appendix) - ASTM D 5397-99 (appendix)
GBR-C: Only applicable to polymeric membrane element of the GBR-C 19 Leaching (water soluble) A A A EN 14415 EN 14415
EN 14415
20 Chemical resistance A A A EN 14414 EN 14414 EN 14414
21 Wetting/drying - - S - - prEN 14417
22 Freezing / thaw - - S - - prEN 14418
23 Root penetration S S S prEN 14416 prEN 14416 prEN 14416
Relevancy:
H : required for harmonisation;
A : relevant to all conditions of use; S : relevant to specific conditions of use;
-: not relevant
NOTE: Particular application cases may contain requirements about additional properties and - preferably standardised - test methods, if they are technically relevant and not conflicting with European Standards. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.
SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 12 4.3 Characteristics relevant to specific conditions of use. The specification shall define which functions and conditions of use are relevant (see Table 1). The producer of the product shall provide the necessary data based on the requirements and test methods described in this document. The list of characteristics in Table 1 includes those required for harmonisation (H), those relevant to all conditions of use (A), and those relevant to specific conditions of use (S).These specific conditions of use are listed from 4.3.1 to 4.3.8 4.3.1 Tear strength Data on the tear strength of polymeric and bituminous barriers are required when they are laid on slopes or inclined surfaces or otherwise exposed to mechanical stress. 4.3.2 Bursting strength Data on the bursting strength are required in all applications where multi-axial deformation of geosynthetic barriers can occur as a result of settlement, deformation in designed or accidental situations.
4.3.3 Friction characteristics (direct shear and inclined plane tests). Data on friction characteristics are required in all applications where differential movement may take place between the product and adjacent materials including, but not by way of limitation, geosynthetic barriers applied to slopes and certain types of anchoring arrangements.
NOTE 1: In addition to the friction characteristics information on the internal bonding strength of GBR-C in the direction of the actual stress may be relevant. A shear or peel test may be appropriate, particularly on slopes or in applications where shear stress may occur (i.e. during installation).
NOTE 2: Site specific testing should be carried out to establish the friction characteristics between all the materials used. 4.3.4 Low temperature behaviour Data on low temperature behaviour are required for applications where polymer and bituminous products may be exposed to low temperatures in storage, construction, and use
NOTE Tests which set simple pass/fail criteria at a single temperature condition may not be appropriate for this purpose).
Prehydrated GBR-C should not be stored or installed when the ambient temperature is below 0° C. 4.3.5 Weathering Data on weathering (combined effects of cycles of wetting, temperature change, and exposure to UV light) are required for applications where the GBR-C barrier will be exposed to weathering without adequate protective cover. It should be noted that in all normal situations GBR-C barriers should be covered with soil or other revetment on the same working day or prior to any circumstances which could cause a hydration of
the clay component. 4.3.6
Resistance to wetting and drying Data on the resistance of GBR-C to repeated wetting and drying is required when the conditions of use will subject the product to this sequence of actions. SIST EN 13492:2005
EN 13492:2004 (E) 13 4.3.7 Freeze-thaw cycle resistance Data on the resistance of GBR-C to freeze/thaw is required when the conditions of use will subject the product to this sequence of actions. 4.3.8 Resistance to root penetration. Data on root penetration is required in all applications where the geosynthetic barrier is exposed to soils containing restorative vegetation.
5 Evaluation of conformity 5.1 Presentation of characteristics The characteristics specified in Table 2, except for durability, expressed as mean values and tolerance limit(s) corresponding to the 95% confidence level, shall be given by the manufacturer, based on the statistical interpretation of his internal quality control measurements. Physical examination or preliminary testing, according to one of the test methods referenced in Table 1, may indicate that values obtained for a product lie below (or above) the sensitivity threshold established for that
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