prEN 12101-8
(Main)Smoke and heat control systems - Part 8: Smoke control dampers
Smoke and heat control systems - Part 8: Smoke control dampers
This European Standard applies to smoke control dampers, placed on the market and intended to operate as part of a pressure differential system or smoke and heat control system. This standard specifies requirements and gives reference to the test methods defined for smoke control dampers and their associated components, such as actuators which are intended to be installed in such systems in buildings. It also provides for the evaluation of conformity of the products to the requirements of this standard. Furthermore, marking and information on installation and maintenance of these products are also given in this European Standard.
Rauch- und Wärmefreihaltung - Teil 8: Festlegungen für Entrauchungsklappen
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Entrauchungsklappen, die in den Markt gebracht wurden, um als Bestandteil einer Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage eingesetzt zu werden. Diese Norm legt Anforderungen fest und verweist auf Prüfverfahren für Entrauchungsklappen, die dazu gedacht sind, in Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen innerhalb von Gebäuden eingebaut zu werden.
Um Wiederholungen zu vermeiden, wird auf eine Anzahl anderer Normen verwiesen. Zu diesem Zwecke muss diese Norm, für Details über die Brandprüfung, in Verbindung mit prEN 1366-10, EN 1366-2, EN 1363-1 and EN 1363-2 gelesen werden.
Entrauchungsklappen, die durch diese Norm erfasst sind, können in oder auf Entrauchungsleitungen oder auf die Oberfläche von Wand, Boden oder Decke/Dach montiert werden. Diese Norm berücksichtigt nicht eingehend die nachteiligen und/oder aggressiven Wirkungen, die durch chemische Abläufe in der Atmosphäre entstehen können und absichtlich oder versehentlich durch die Anlage geführt werden.
Systèmes pour le contrôle des fumées et de la chaleur - Partie 8 : Volets de désenfumage
Sistemi za nadzor dima in toplote – 8. del: Specifikacija za lopute za nadzor dima
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
OSIST prEN 12101-8:2004
01-julij-2004
Sistemi za nadzor dima in toplote – 8. del: Specifikacija za lopute za nadzor dima
Smoke and heat control systems - Part 8: Specification for smoke control dampers
Rauch- und Wärmefreihaltung - Teil 8: Festlegungen für Entrauchungsklappen
Systemes pour le contrôle des fumées et de la chaleur - Partie 8 : Volets de
désenfumage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12101-8
ICS:
13.220.20 3RåDUQD]DãþLWD Fire protection
91.140.30 3UH]UDþHYDOQLLQNOLPDWVNL Ventilation and air-
VLVWHPL conditioning
OSIST prEN 12101-8:2004 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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OSIST prEN 12101-8:2004
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OSIST prEN 12101-8:2004
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 12101-8
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2004
ICS
English version
Smoke and heat control systems - Part 8: Specification for
smoke control dampers
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 191.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12101-8:2004 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 12101-8:2004 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references.7
3 Terms and definitions.8
4 Applications.11
4.1 Function and installation.11
4.2 Smoke and heat control systems.11
5 Construction and components .14
5.1 General .14
5.2 Construction and operation .15
5.3 Protection against corrosion .15
5.4 Actuators.15
5.5 Control interface requirements.16
6 Test equipment.16
6.1 Ambient leakage tests .16
6.2 Cycling tests.16
6.3 Elevated temperature and fire tests .16
6.4 Salt spray exposure test.16
7 Test methods.16
7.1 Single compartment smoke control dampers.16
7.2 Multi compartment fire resisting smoke control dampers.17
7.3 Salt spray exposure test.18
8 Performance criteria, classification and designation.18
8.1 Single compartment smoke control dampers.18
8.2 Multi compartment fire resisting smoke control dampers.18
9 Installation and maintenance information.19
9.1 Installation information .19
9.2 Maintenance information.19
10 Marking.19
11 Evaluation of conformity .20
11.1 General .20
11.2 Initial type testing.20
11.3 Factory product control (FPC).21
Annex A (normative) Salt spray exposure test.25
Annex B (informative) Example of inspection and maintenance procedure.26
Annex C (normative) Factory production control supplemental requirements.27
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the
EU Construction Products Directive.28
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Foreword
This document (prEN 12101-8:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 191 “Fixed
firefighting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
EN 12101 ‘Smoke and heat control systems’ consists of the following:
Part 1: Specification for smoke barriers,
Part 2: Specification for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators,
Part 3: Specification for powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators,
Part 4: Fire and smoke control installations – Kits,
Part 6: Pressure differential systems – Kits,
Part 7: Smoke ducts,
Part 8: Smoke control dampers,
Part 9: Control panels and emergency control panels,
Part 10: Power supplies.
EN 12101 is included in a series of European Standards planned to cover also:
Gas extinguishing systems (EN 12094 and EN ISO 14520),
Sprinkler systems (EN 12259),
Powder systems (EN 12416),
Explosion protection systems (EN 26184),
Foam systems (EN 13565),
Hose systems (EN 671),
Water spray systems.
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Introduction
This standard contains the basic performance and requirements for smoke control dampers, that are
to be used in conjunction with pressure differential systems, smoke and heat control systems and
inerting gas fire suppression systems.
Where other standards or other appropriate design guides allow the use of smoke control dampers or
leakage rated fire dampers to limit the quantity of polluted air or combustion products released,
reference to these standards or design guides should be made.
Particular reference is required to prEN 1366-10, which defines the furnace testing associated with
these products.
In addition to the prevention of transmission of smoke and combustion products from a fire zone,
smoke control dampers are utilised to contain the spillage of otherwise harmful and toxic gases from
the affected area, and for the control of pressurising and excess air relief within pressurisation
systems.
Smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems (SHEVS) create a smoke free layer above the floor by
removing smoke and thus improve the conditions for the safe escape and/or rescue of people and
animals and the protection of property and permit the fire to be fought while still in its early stages.
They also exhaust hot gases released by a fire in the developing stage.
The use of SHEVS to create smoke free areas beneath a buoyant smoke layer has become
widespread. Their value in assisting in the evacuation of people from construction works, reducing fire
damage and financial loss by preventing smoke logging, facilitating fire fighting, reducing roof
temperatures and retarding the lateral spread of fire is firmly established.
For these benefits to be obtained it is essential that smoke and heat exhaust system components
operate fully and reliably whenever called upon to do so during their installed life. A heat and smoke
exhaust ventilation system is a scheme of safety equipment intended to perform a positive role in a
fire emergency.
Components for smoke and heat exhaust systems should be installed as part of a properly designed
smoke and heat control system.
SHEVS help to:
keep the escape and access routes free from smoke,
facilitate fire fighting operations by creating a smoke free layer,
delay and/or prevent flashover and thus full development of the fire,
protect equipment and furnishings,
reduce thermal effects on structural components during a fire,
reduce damage caused by thermal decomposition products and hot gases.
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Powered SHEVS should operate based on powered system components. The performance of the
powered smoke and heat exhaust system depends on:
the temperature of the smoke,
the size, number and location of the exhaust openings,
the wind influence,
the size, geometry and location of the inlet air openings,
the time of actuation,
the location and conditions of the system (for example arrangements and dimensions of the
building).
SHEVS are used in buildings or construction works where the particular (large) dimensions, shape or
configuration make smoke control necessary. Typical examples are:
single and multi-storey shopping malls,
single and multi-storey industrial buildings and warehouses; atria and complex buildings,
enclosed car parks,
stairways,
tunnels,
theatres.
Depending on differing circumstances and the situation of the building or construction works that can
affect their performance, powered or natural smoke and heat control systems or pressure differential
systems may be used.
It is specified in Parts 4 and 6 of this European Standard that powered and natural components shall
not be used to extract smoke and hot gases from the same smoke reservoir.
Special conditions apply where gas extinguishing systems (e.g. according to EN 12094 or
EN ISO 14520) are used (see Parts 4 and 6 of this standard).
A number of different system designs are commonly in use to fulfil this function and separate into
three distinct groups. These are:
i) natural dedicated smoke and/or heat control systems,
ii) powered dedicated smoke and/or heat control systems,
iii) powered smoke and/or heat control systems that are used during the day to day running
of the building or construction works and otherwise provide an environmental air
provision function.
Each can then be separated further into smoke and/or heat control systems that serve a single fire
compartment and those that, by the provision of smoke dampers, serve a number of fire
compartments.
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The areas for which products supplied to this standard are considered applicable include for example:
a) commercial premises,
b) shopping and retail centres,
c) hospitals,
d) multi-residential buildings.
Smoke control dampers are intended for use in the following types of systems, including:
a) pressurisation,
b) pressure relief,
c) extraction systems,
d) ductwork systems,
e) inerting fire suppression systems.
It is realised that all the above systems do not address smoke directly, but similar properties are
required of such smoke control dampers to limit leakage in a fire and smoke control situation.
It has been assumed in the preparation of this standard that the execution of its provisions are
entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.
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1 Scope
This European Standard applies to smoke control dampers operating as part of a smoke and heat
control system placed on the market. This standard specifies requirements and gives reference to the
test methods defined for smoke control dampers, which are intended to be installed in smoke and
heat control systems in buildings.
To avoid duplication, reference is made to a variety of other standards. To this end this standard is to
be read in conjunction with prEN 1366-10, EN 1366-2, EN 1363-1 and EN 1363-2 for details of the
furnace testing.
Smoke control dampers covered by this standard can be installed into or onto smoke control system
ducts or into or onto the surface of a wall, floor or ceiling/roof. This standard has not considered in
detail the detrimental and/or corrosive effects that may be caused by process chemicals present in
the atmosphere which are drawn through the system intentionally or inadvertently.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
EN 1363-1, Fire resistance tests — Part 1: General requirements
EN 1363-2, Fire resistance tests — Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures
EN 1366-2, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 2: Fire dampers
prEN 1366-8, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 8: Smoke extraction ducts
prEN 1366-9, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 9: Smoke compartment smoke
extraction ducts
prEN 1366-10, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 10: Smoke control dampers
EN 1751, Ventilation for buildings – Air terminal devices – Aerodynamic testing of dampers and
valves
EN 12101-2, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 3: Specification for natural smoke and heat
exhaust ventilators
EN 12101-3, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 4: Specification for powered smoke and heat
exhaust ventilators
prEN 12101-4, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 4: Fire and smoke installations – Kits
prEN 12101-6, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 6: Pressure differential systems – Kits
prEN 12101-7, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 7: Smoke ducts
prEN 12101-8, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 8: Smoke control dampers
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prEN 12101-9, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 9: Control panels and emergency control
panels
prEN 13501-4, Fire classification of construction products and building elements —
Part 4: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on components of smoke control systems
EN 60068-2-52, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests Test Kb: Salt mist cyclic (sodium chloride
solution)
EN ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of orifice plates, nozzles and venturi tubes
inserted in circular cross section conduits running full
EN ISO 9001:2000, Quality management systems — Requirements
EN ISO 13943, Fire safety - Vocabulary
ISO 5221, Air distribution and air diffusion – Rules to methods of measuring airflow rate in an air
handling duct
3 Terms and definitions
Where not covered by EN ISO 13943, the following definitions apply:
3.1
air inlet
device connected to outside air to allow the inlet of air from outside the construction work
3.2
attended control room
a room with people, who have the duty to control the smoke exhaust system permanently (24 hours
per day, seven days per week), monitor the incoming signals from the smoke control systems and put
the smoke control system into operation in case of smoke alarm. This ensures that the smoke control
system is running and items such as dampers are in position within the system response time
3.3
back-up power supply
a power supply to operate the system when the normal power supply has failed
3.4
commissioning
the act of ensuring that all components and the system are installed and operating in accordance with
this standard
3.5
elevated temperature
temperatures in excess of normal ambient air, below those necessary for fire resistance testing, to
which smoke and heat exhaust ducts for single compartments are tested
3.6
fire compartment
an enclosed space, comprising one or more separate spaces, bounded by elements of construction
having a specified fire resistance and intended to prevent the spread of fire (in either direction) for a
given period of time
NOTE Fire compartment often has regulatory connotations. The term should not be confused with "room of
origin" or "fire cell".
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3.7
interface control unit
a device which controls the operation of the actuator located at the damper or within the same fire
zone as the damper
3.8
modulating actuator
a damper control mechanism which can control the damper to be in a position or number of positions
between fully open and fully closed
3.9
multi compartment fire resisting smoke control dampers
smoke control dampers for use in multi compartment areas, which may be associated with smoke
control duct tested to prEN 1366-8 and/or may be installed in a fire compartment structure
3.10
multi compartment fire resisting smoke control system ducts
fire resisting ducts for use in multi compartment application and that have been tested and met the
requirements of prEN 1366-8
3.11
natural smoke and heat control system
a smoke and heat ventilation system which uses natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is caused by
buoyancy forces due to differences in density of the gases because of temperature differences
3.12
penetration seal
the product used between the smoke control system duct/damper and the fire compartment structure
to maintain the fire resistance, when tested and having met the requirements of prEN 1366-8, at the
position where a smoke control system duct passes through the element, or a damper is mounted in
the element
3.13
powered smoke and heat exhaust system
a smoke and heat ventilation system, which utilises a number of hot gas fans that are suitable for
handling hot gases for a limited period of time, which causes the positive displacement of gases
3.14
pressure differential system
a system of fans, ducts, vents and other features provided for the purposes of creating a lower
pressure in the fire zone than in the protected space – see prEN 12101-6
3.15
remote signalling
a device located away from the damper which will indicate the damper position, open or closed
3.16
safety position
position (open or closed) into which specific projects may require certain dampers to move,
depending upon the fire location within the building. Smoke control dampers do not have a designated
safety position, unlike fire dampers which are closed in their safety position
3.17
single compartment smoke control dampers
smoke control dampers for use in single compartment areas, which may be associated with smoke
control duct tested to prEN 1366-9, and/or may be installed in an external wall, floor or roof
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3.18
single compartment smoke control system ducts
ducts for use within single fire compartment application and that have been tested and met the
requirements of prEN 1366-9
3.19
smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system (SHEVS)
system consisting of components jointly selected to exhaust smoke and heat. The components form a
system which complies with the requirements of prEN 12101-4 in order to establish a buoyant layer of
warm gases above cooler cleaner air
3.20
smoke and heat exhaust ventilator (SHEV)
device specially designed to move smoke and hot gases out of a construction work under conditions
of fire
3.21
smoke barrier
a barrier to restrict the spread of smoke and hot gases from a fire, forming part of the boundary of a
smoke reservoir or used as a channelling screen, or used as a void edge boundary
3.22
smoke control damper for systems with automatic activation
a smoke control damper that is applicable to the systems defined in 3.26
3.23
smoke control damper for systems with manual intervention
a smoke control damper that is applicable to the systems defined in 3.27 and 3.28
3.24
smoke control system damper
a device automatically or manually activated, which may be open or closed in its operational position,
to control the flow of smoke and hot gases into, from or within a duct
3.25
smoke control system duct
a duct used in a system to control the movement and/or containment of smoke and heat
3.26
smoke control system with automatic activation
a smoke control system (smoke and heat exhaust ventilation type or pressure differential type), that
operates automatically on receipt of a smoke or fire alarm without any manual action/intervention. A
system with an attended control room can also be accepted as an automatic system. Once initiated
the system will not allow the damper position to be changed
3.27
smoke control system with automatic activation and with manual override
a smoke control system (smoke and heat exhaust ventilation type or pressure differential type), that
can be put into operation as 3.26 on receipt of a smoke or fire alarm, but once initiated the system will
allow the damper position to be changed by external input or fireman’s override
3.28
smoke control system with manual initiation
a smoke control system (smoke and heat exhaust ventilation type or pressurization type), that has to
be put into operation, on detection of smoke or fire, by human intervention (e.g. by pressing a button,
or pulling a handle), leading to a sequence of automatic actions in the operation of the smoke control
system. Once initiated, the system may allow the damper position to be changed by external input or
fireman’s override
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3.29
smoke layer
layer of smoke that stabilises underneath the roof due to the affect of temperature gradient
3.30
smoke logging
a condition within a building when the hot gases from a fire descend within it to a level whereby the
safe escape of the occupants is hampered and the ingress of firefighters is prevented
3.31
smoke reservoir
region within a building limited or bordered by smoke barriers or structural elements and which will, in
the event of a fire, retain a thermally buoyant smoke layer
3.32
smoke zone (zones)
areas into which a construction works is divided for the extraction of smoke and hot gases. Each zone
is served by a SHEV (or sub-system of a SHEV), which is initiated by a signal from a single or group
of initiation devices associated with the zone
3.33
system response time
time from the initiation of the smoke control system to it being fully operational
3.34
thermal operating device
temperature sensitive device which responds to initiate a subsequent action
3.35
triggering device
a device such as a fire detector system, smoke detector or pushbutton which sends an activating
signal to the initiation device(s)
4 Applications
4.1 Function and installation
Smoke control systems are designed to fulfil two basic functions. These are:
a) the extraction of smoke from a single fire compartment to the outside of the building,
b) the extraction of smoke from fire compartments of a building, using a SHEVS connected to one
or more fire compartments. The smoke control duct may or may not pass through other
compartments of the building to reach the outside of the building.
For installation details, the requirements for smoke control dampers and smoke control system ducts
(where appropriate) shall be considered and these are defined in prEN 12101-4, prEN 12101-7,
prEN 1366-8 and prEN 1366-9.
4.2 Smoke and heat control systems
Smoke control dampers are commonly used in smoke and heat control systems as a means of
limiting the number of ducts and high temperature fan units. The ducts into which such smoke control
dampers are fitted will generally serve a number of different fire compartments. The systems may be
dedicated smoke extract or possibly a combined environmental ventilation/smoke extract.
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The smoke control system may remove smoke using either high temperature fans (in accordance with
EN 12101-3) or natural ventilators (in accordance with EN 12101-2).
It may be necessary for a number of reasons (fire growth, smoke release, etc.) that the open smoke
control damper(s) will be required to close and that the damper(s) previously closed will be required to
open.
The tests defined in this standard are based on the assumption that when smoke is detected within a
building, all smoke control dampers other than those serving the fire compartment/smoke reservoir
(where the fire has initiated) will remain closed or move to the closed position. All smoke control
dampers serving the smoke affected fire compartment/smoke reservoir will remain open or move to
the open position, and the fan(s) started/natural vents opened.
NOTE It is not unusual for the velocity in this type of system to be from 10 to 20 m/s. It is recommended that
a velocity of 20 m/s should be the maximum considered.
Smoke control dampers used in these systems shall fulfil the following:
a) the smoke control dampers shall move to and maintain their safety position (open or closed),
b) dependent upon system design, the smoke control dampers may be required to open or close
after 25 minutes from initial operation up to the operating temperatures and pressure
characteristics,
c) the smoke control dampers shall have known limited leakage characteristics,
d) the smoke control dampers shall not include a thermal operating device,
e) the smoke control dampers shall be fire resisting, when they are positioned in a system that has
requirements to maintain compartmentation,
f) smoke control dampers shall have at least the same fire resistance as the element into which
they are to be installed.
NOTE The following figures give examples of installation positions, but these are not the only positions
where dampers may be fitted.
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3 5
9
22
2
4
4
4
1
L
A = L x W
v
Key
1 Fire compartment
2 Smoke reservoir
3 Natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilator
4 Air inlet
5 Smoke barrier
9 Smoke and heat exhaust duct for multi compartments (prEN 12101-7 and prEN 1366-8)
Figure 1 — Example of natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilation
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6
10
2 2
9
10
8
4
12
1
1
2 2
8 8
6
11
4
1
1
4
2 2 2 2
10 9
7
5 10
5
4 4
4
1 1
4
Key
1 Fire compartment
2 Smoke reservoir
4 Air inlet
5 Smoke barrier
6 Powered smoke
...
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