SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026

• Abstract:

  This document is applicable to whole body vibration as a significant hazard. It also specifies the methods for determining the vibration emission transmitted to the whole body of drivers standing or seated on freely moveable ground support equipment (GSE) when driving, for purposes of type evaluation and declaration. This document also specifies methods for verifying vibration emission. This document is applicable to self-powered GSE only.; The test results do not apply to the determination of whole body vibration exposure of persons.; This document is intended to be used in conjunction with the different parts of the EN 1915 series and the EN 12312 series.; This document does not apply to GSE manufactured before the date of its publication.

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 22-Jun-2025
• Publication Date: 29-Sep-2026
• ICS: 13.160 - Vibration and shock with respect to human beings
• ICS: 17.160 - Vibrations, shock and vibration measurements
• ICS: 49.100 - Ground service and maintenance equipment
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 29-Sep-2026
• Due Date: 04-Dec-2026
• Completion Date: 30-Sep-2026
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive:

  ---

  2023/1230 - Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2023 on machinery and repealing Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Directive 73/361/EEC (Text with EEA relevance)
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Mandate: M/605 - COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION of 20.1.2025 on a standardisation request to the European Committee for Standardization and to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization as regards machinery and related products in support of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council
• Ref Project: EN ISO 31915-3:2026 - Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction (ISO 31915-3:2026)

• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-15:2006+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-7:2005+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 7: Air-craft movement equipment
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-16:2005+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 16: Air start equipment
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-8:2005+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-5:2005+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-2:2014 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 2: Catering vehicles
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-14:2007+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 1915-1:2002+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: Basic safety requirements
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 1915-1:2013 - Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: Basic safety requirements
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-6:2017 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 6: Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-14:2014 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-12:2003+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 12: Potable water service equipment
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-17:2005+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 17: Air conditioning equipment
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-9:2014 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12312-19:2005+A1:2009 - Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions
• Effective Date: 17-Sep-2026

SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 is the Slovenian adoption of EN ISO 31915-3:2026, based on ISO 31915-3:2026. It specifies methods for measuring and reducing whole body vibration on self-powered aircraft ground support equipment (GSE) when the driver is standing or seated during driving. The document is used for type evaluation, declaration and verification of vibration emission values.

What does SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 specify?

SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 specifies how to assess whole body vibration as a significant hazard for drivers on freely moveable, self-powered GSE. It focuses on vibration emission transmitted to the driver while driving, not on a person's daily exposure.

The standard is intended to be used with the different parts of the EN 1915 series and the EN 12312 series. It applies to GSE manufactured after its publication date.

The document is organized into scope, normative references, terms and definitions, hazards, safety requirements, verification, information for use, and informative annexes.

Annex	What it covers
Annex A	List of significant hazards
Annex B	Guidance for reporting vibration data
Annex ZA	Relationship with Regulation (EU) 2023/1230

What are the key requirements of SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026?

SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 requires vibration emission to be reduced as far as possible using available technical measures. Clause 5.2 names examples such as pneumatic tyres, suspension, vibration-isolated cabins, suspension seats and shock absorbers. In practice, this means the machine design should already limit vibration before any operating instructions or user measures are relied on.

Clause 5.3 defines the quantities that must be measured. The main quantity is the frequency-weighted root mean square (r.m.s.) acceleration in the vertical direction, and horizontal components are also summed and declared when they are substantial. The clause also requires mean GSE speed, pneumatic tyre pressure and ambient air temperature to be recorded, because these conditions affect the result and must be known if the data are compared later.

Clauses 5.4 and 5.5 set the measurement instrumentation and sensor location. Instrumentation follows EN 1032, frequency weighting follows EN 1032, and speed measurement must be accurate to within ±5 %. For seated drivers, the transducer goes on the seat pan in a semi-rigid disc; for standing drivers, it is placed on the floor or a rigid part near the feet. This matters because small changes in mounting point can change the measured vibration.

Clause 5.6 defines the test set-up. The test track must be straight, 25 m long, level, smooth and fitted with two rigid obstacles, and the obstacle height is chosen from Table 1 according to wheel mean diameter. The GSE must be new, configured to the manufacturer’s specification, fitted with the standard equipment offered by the manufacturer, and tested with tyre pressure checked before and after the runs. Where the cabin or driver stand moves, testing is carried out at the extremes of movement; where a seat is used, the seat and suspension are adjusted so the driver can operate the controls.

Clause 5.6 also fixes the driver and environment conditions. Standing-driver measurements use a person with a mass between 75 kg and 85 kg. Seated-driver measurements use two persons, one lighter and one heavier, so the seat behaviour is checked over a realistic range. Measurements are made between 0 °C and +35 °C. This makes the results more repeatable and reduces the risk that one unusual test setup masks the real vibration performance.

Clause 5.7 sets the driving method and the validity rule. The test speed is 15 km/h ±10 %, unless the maximum operating speed is lower, in which case the machine is tested at that maximum speed. A valid test series needs enough consecutive runs to bring the coefficient of variation below 0.15, with at least five runs. In practice, the document does not allow a single convenient run to stand for the result - the value must be stable across repeat measurements.

Clauses 5.7.5, 5.8 and 5.9 define the reported values and the documentation. The reported standing-driver value comes from the floor measurement, and the seated-driver value comes from the seat pan, with the two seated-driver results averaged. The test report must identify the machine, tyre family and pressure, cabin type, seat model, climate, speed, instrumentation, track type, test location, responsible person and vibration values. The declaration of vibration emission values must follow this document and EN 12096, and if a machine can be used both standing and seated, both values are declared.

Clause 6 requires verification by testing, measuring and documentation using the same procedure and driving conditions as the initial evaluation. The verification data must be checkable in accordance with EN 12096, which is important for technical files, audits and market surveillance.

Clause 7 requires the operating instructions and technical documentation to include wheel and tyre characteristics, declared vibration emission values, a reference to this document, and any user measures that may reduce vibration. It also says sales literature must not contradict the operating instructions.

What terms does SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 define?

• Ground support equipment (GSE) - A piece of moveable or stationary equipment, powered or self-propelled, used for ground handling, servicing or field maintenance of civil transport aircraft on the ramp area of an airport.
• Wheel mean diameter - The arithmetic mean of the outside diameters of the load-bearing wheels, used in this standard to select the obstacle height for the test track.
• Seat pan - The seat surface on which the driver is seated, which is the mounting location for the vibration transducer in seated-driver tests.
• Root mean square (r.m.s.) acceleration - The vibration quantity measured and reported in the test series, after frequency weighting and integration over a complete test run.
• Coefficient of variation - The ratio of the standard deviation to the mean of a test series, used to decide whether the run sequence is valid.
• Whole body vibration - The vibration hazard transmitted through the machine to the driver's body while driving, which is the main subject of the standard.

Who uses SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026?

SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 is used by GSE manufacturers, test laboratories, safety engineers, quality managers and compliance teams. They use it to design vibration reduction measures, run type tests, prepare declarations and document results.

It is also relevant to health and safety bodies, market surveillance authorities and accident-prevention organizations. They use it when checking whether declared vibration emission values are based on a defined and repeatable method.

Airport operators, employers, maintenance providers and buyers may use it to compare GSE options, understand the meaning of declared vibration values and check that operating instructions include the information they need.

What changed in SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 from the previous edition?

SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 supersedes EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009.

Which standards are used with SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026?

• ISO 2041:2018 - Provides vocabulary for mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring.
• ISO 5805:1997 - Provides vocabulary for mechanical vibration and shock in human exposure.
• ISO 12100:2010 - Provides the general design principles for risk assessment and risk reduction used for the hazard approach.
• EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 - Provides the test basis for measuring vibration emission of mobile machinery and the associated instrumentation rules.
• EN 1915-1:2023 - Provides the basic safety requirements for aircraft ground support equipment.
• EN 12096:1997 - Provides the rules for declaring and verifying vibration emission values.
• EN 1915 (all parts) and EN 12312 (all parts) - Provide the related family standards that this part is intended to be used with for specific GSE categories.

What does the SIST EN ISO 31915-3:2026 document contain?

The document contains the full test method for vibration emission on GSE, including the track layout, obstacle arrangement, driving conditions, driver setup, sensor placement and validity rules. It also contains the calculation rules for the reported vibration values and the declaration format.

The main body includes a figure of the test track and a table for selecting obstacle height from wheel mean diameter. Clause 5.8 gives the test report content, and clause 5.9 gives the declaration content and rounding rules.

Annex A lists the significant hazards linked to vibration, including whole body vibration and inadequate seats. Annex B gives a practical reporting layout for standing and seated-driver results, and Annex ZA links the standard to Regulation (EU) 2023/1230.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2026
Podporna oprema na tleh za letalski promet - Splošne zahteve - 3. del: Metode
merjenja in zmanjševanje vibracij (ISO 31915-3:2026)
Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 3: Vibration
measurement methods and reduction (ISO 31915-3:2026)
Luftfahrtbodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen - Teil 3: Schwingungsmessverfahren
und -minderung (ISO 31915-3:2026)
Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Partie 3: Vibrations, réduction et
méthodes de mesure (ISO 31915-3:2026)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 31915-3:2026
ICS:
17.160 Vibracije, meritve udarcev in Vibrations, shock and
vibracij vibration measurements
49.100 Oprema za servis in Ground service and
vzdrževanje na tleh maintenance equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 31915-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2026
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.160; 49.100 Supersedes EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009
English Version
Aircraft ground support equipment - General
requirements - Part 3: Vibration measurement methods
and reduction (ISO 31915-3:2026)
Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences générales - Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Allgemeine Anforderungen -
Partie 3: Vibrations, réduction et méthodes de mesure Teil 3: Schwingungsmessverfahren und -minderung
(ISO 31915-3:2026) (ISO 31915-3:2026)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2026.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 31915-3:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered . 4
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 31915-3:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20 "Aircraft
and space vehicles" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 274 “Aircraft ground support
equipment” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2027, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2027.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1915-3:2004+A1:2009.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 31915-3:2026 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 31915-3:2026 without any
modification.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request C(2025)129
final Commission Implementing Decision of 20 January 2025 to the European Committee for
Standardization and to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization as regards
machinery in support of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council
(M/605) to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Regulation (EU)
2023/1230 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2023 on machinery (OJ L 165,
29.6.2023).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Regulation,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements
of that Regulation, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex III of Regulation (EU)
2023/1230
The relevant Essential Requirements of Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of Remarks/Notes*
Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 this EN
1.5.9 Vibrations  not covered
3.6.3.1 Vibrations 5.8, 5.9, 7
* To cover all the relevant safety requirements for the products(s) in its scope, this standard (providing
general/common requirements for a whole machine family) has to be applied together with one of
those standards as specified in the scope (providing specific requirements for a particular category
of machinery within this family).
WARNING 1 Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European
Union.
WARNING 2 Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.
International
Standard
ISO 31915-3
First edition
Aircraft ground support
2026-06
equipment — General
requirements —
Part 3:
Vibration measurement methods
and reduction
Matériel au sol pour aéronefs — Exigences générales —
Partie 3: Vibrations, réduction et méthodes de mesure
Reference number
ISO 31915-3:2026(en) © ISO 2026

ISO 31915-3:2026(en)
© ISO 2026
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 31915-3:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 List of hazards. 2
5 Safety requirements and/or protective risk reduction measures . 2
5.1 General .2
5.2 Vibration reduction .2
5.3 Quantities to be measured .3
5.4 Instrumentation .3
5.4.1 General .3
5.4.2 Transducers .3
5.4.3 Frequency weighting .4
5.4.4 Integration time .4
5.4.5 Speed .4
5.5 Measurement location .4
5.6 Set up and equipment .4
5.6.1 Test track .4
5.6.2 Equipment and condition of the GSE .6
5.6.3 Drivers .6
5.6.4 Environmental parameter .6
5.7 Measurement procedure and validity .6
5.7.1 Speed .6
5.7.2 Test procedure.7
5.7.3 Validity of test .7
5.7.4 Coefficient of variation .7
5.7.5 Reported vibration values .7
5.8 Test report .8
5.9 Declaration of vibration emission values .8
6 Verification of the safety requirements . 9
7 Information for use . 9
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 10
Annex B (informative) Guidance for reporting vibration data .11
Bibliography .12

iii
ISO 31915-3:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
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with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
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Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee
SC 9, Air cargo and ground equipment, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization
(CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 274, Aircraft ground support equipment, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
A list of all parts in the ISO 31915 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO 31915-3:2026(en)
Introduction
The aim of this document is to deal with vibration as a hazard and to provide methods for the measurement
and reduction of vibration emission transmitted to the whole body of drivers of ground support equipment
(GSE) when driving. See EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 for determining whole body vibrations under stationary
operating conditions and hand-arm vibrations.
The results obtained can also be used to compare GSE of the same category or a given GSE when equipped
with different seats or tyres, etc.
Fitting different seats, changing the tyre specification, etc. can lead to different vibration values. Due to
the specific operation of GSE, however, EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 cannot be applied directly for whole body
vibration under driving conditions, and therefore, the preparation of this document for GSE has become
necessary.
This document cannot be used for field measurements to determine the daily exposure of the driver to
vibration.
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.)
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
When requirements of this type-C s
...