ISO/TC 17/SC 4 - Heat treatable and alloy steels

This document specifies a micrographic method based on comparison charts for determining the degree of spheroidisation of carbides after annealing of wire rod, wire or bars made of non-alloy and low alloy steels intended for cold heading and cold extrusion. The range of carbon content is up to 1,20 % C. In addition, Annex A includes a method based on machine vision for routine measurements.

This document specifies an order for listing elements within the chemical composition of steels and most other iron-based alloys, excluding foundry irons. NOTE This document has been developed and is used by ISO/TC 17/SC 4, but can also be used by other ISO/TC 17 subcommittees.

This document specifies an order for listing elements within the chemical composition of steels and most other iron-based alloys, excluding foundry irons. NOTE This document has been developed and is used by ISO/TC 17/SC 4, but can also be used by other ISO/TC 17 subcommittees.

This document specifies the technical delivery requirements for — semi-finished products, hot formed, e.g. blooms, billets, slabs (see NOTE 1), — bars (see NOTE 1), — wire rod, — finished flat products, and — hammer or drop forgings (see NOTE 1) manufactured from the case-hardening non-alloy or alloy steels listed in Table 3 and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1 and in one of the surface conditions given in Table 2. The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of case-hardened machine parts. NOTE 1 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and hammer-forged bars are covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term "hammer and drop forgings". NOTE 2 For International Standards relating to steels complying with the requirements for the chemical composition in Table 3, however, supplied in other product forms or treatment conditions than given above or intended for special applications, and for other related International Standards, see the Bibliography. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them can form the subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex A). In addition to this document, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

This document specifies requirements for non-alloy and alloy steels that are intended for cold heading or cold extruding and are delivered as wire rods, wire or bars. It also contains specific requirements for: — steels not intended for heat treatment, with diameters from 2 mm to 100 mm (see Annex A); — case-hardening steels with diameters from 2 mm to 100 mm (see Annex B); — steels for quenching and tempering, including boron alloyed steels (see Table C.3), with diameters from 2 mm to 100 mm (see Annex C ); — stainless steels with diameters of 0,8 mm up to 50 mm for austenitic steels, up to 25 mm for ferritic steels and up to 100 mm for martensitic steels (see Annex D). This document (except Annex A) is applicable to the properties of cold-headed or cold-extruded parts which have been subjected to a subsequent heat treatment. As the properties of the parts in the cold-headed or cold-extruded, and subsequently not-heat-treated condition, are largely dependent on the applied cold-heading or cold-extruding conditions, these are, if necessary, subject to agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer of the parts. In addition to this document, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

This document specifies requirements for the following grades of wrought tool steels: a) non-alloy cold-work tool steels; b) alloy cold-work tool steels; c) alloy hot-work tool steels; d) high-speed tool steels. If not stated otherwise, this document applies to all types of hot-rolled, forged, cold-drawn or cold-rolled products or products produced by powder metallurgy, which are supplied in one of the surface and heat-treatment conditions given in 6.2 and Table 1. NOTE Tables 2, 4, 6 and 8 cover only those steels which have gained certain international importance, which does not mean, however, that they are available in all industrial countries. In addition, a number of other steels for tools are specified in regional, national or company standards. Where the heat resistance of the tools is of particular importance, as for example in the case of tools for hot forming glass, the material selection is based on ISO 4955.

This document specifies technical delivery requirements for the surface quality of round bars, squares, hexagons and wire rod in the hot rolled condition with nominal dimensions dN from 5 mm to 200 mm. This document is applicable to bright products and tool steels, if agreed at the time of enquiry and order between manufacturer and purchaser. By agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, this document can also be applied to other special profiles. This document is particularly applicable to steels for engineering and structural applications. This document does not include any requirements for the permissible depth of surface decarburization. NOTE The determination of depth of surface decarburization is presented in ISO 3887. The material standards for steel bars and wire rod can exclude the application of one or other of the surface quality classes of this document. They can also cover requirements for surface quality which deviate from this document. In these cases the requirements of the material standard prevail.

ISO 683-5:2017 gives the technical delivery requirements for - semi-finished products, e.g. blooms, billets, slabs (see note 1), - bars (see note 1), - wire rod, - hot-rolled plates (see note 2), and - hammer or drop forgings (see note 1) manufactured from the nitriding steels listed in Table 3 and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1, rows 2 to 5, and in one of the surface conditions given in Table 2. The steels are generally intended for the fabrication of quenched and tempered and, subsequently, nitriding machine parts. The requirements for mechanical properties given in this document are restricted to the sizes given in Table 6. NOTE 1 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and hammer-forged bars are in the following covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term "hammer and drop forgings". NOTE 2 The term "plate" includes in the following also wide flats unless otherwise stated. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to these requirements can form the subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex B). In addition to this document, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 683-4:2016 gives the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs), bars and wire rod, manufactured from the free-cutting steels listed in Table 2 and supplied in one of the treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1, rows 2 to 4. It covers three groups of free-cutting steels for mechanical purposes as listed in Table 2, namely a) not intended for heat treatment, b) suitable for case-hardening, and c) suitable for quenching and tempering. Free-cutting steels are often used as bright bars. For these products, refer to ISO 683‑18. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them can form the subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex B). In addition to ISO 683-4:2016, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 683-1:2016 specifies the technical delivery requirements for - semi-finished products, hot formed, e.g. blooms, billets, slabs (see Note 1), - bars (see Note 1), - wire rod, - finished flat products, and - hammer or drop forgings (see Note 1) manufactured from the direct hardening non-alloy steels and the non-alloy flame- and induction-hardening steels listed in Table 3 and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1 and in one of the surface conditions given in Table 2. The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of quenched and tempered or austempered (see 3.2 and Note 2) and flame- or induction-hardened machine parts (see Tables 9 and 11), but can also be partly used in the normalized condition (see Table 10). The requirements for mechanical properties given in ISO 683-1:2016 are restricted to the sizes given in Tables 9 and 10. NOTE 1 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and hammer-forged bars are, in the following, covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term "hammer and drop forgings". NOTE 2 For the purposes of simplification, the term "quenched and tempered" is, unless otherwise indicated, used in the following also for the austempered condition. NOTE 3 For International Standards relating to steels complying with the requirements for the chemical composition in Table 3, however, supplied in other product forms or treatment conditions than given above or intended for special applications, and for other related International Standards, see the Bibliography. NOTE 4 ISO 683-1 :2016 does not apply to bright products and bars and wire rod for cold heading. For such products, see ISO 683‑18 and ISO 4954. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them can form the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex B). In addition to ISO 683-1:2016, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 683-2:2016 specifies the technical delivery requirements for - semi-finished products, hot formed, e.g. blooms, billets, slabs (see Note 1), - bars (see Note 1), - wire rod, finished flat products, and - hammer or drop forgings (see Note 1) manufactured from the direct hardening alloy steels and the alloy flame- and induction-hardening steels listed in Table 3 and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1 and in one of the surface conditions given in Table 2. The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of quenched and tempered or austempered (see 3.2 and Note 2) and flame- or induction-hardened machine parts (see Tables 8 and 9). The requirements for mechanical properties given in ISO 683-2:2016 are restricted to the sizes given in the relevant Table 8. NOTE 1 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and hammer-forged bars are in the following covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term "hammer and drop forgings". NOTE 2 For the purposes of simplification, the term "quenched and tempered" is, unless otherwise indicated, used in the following also for the austempered condition. NOTE 3 For International Standards relating to steels complying with the requirements for the chemical composition in Table 3, however, supplied in other product forms or treatment conditions than given above or intended for special applications, and for other related International Standards, see the Bibliography. NOTE 4 ISO 683-2 :2016 does not apply to bright products and bars and wire rod for cold heading. For such products, see ISO 683‑18 and ISO 4954. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them can form the subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex B). In addition to ISO 683-2:2016, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 6931-1:2016 specifies the grades of stainless steels which are generally used in the cold drawn condition in the form of wire of circular cross-section up to 10,00 mm in diameter, for the production of springs and spring parts exposed to corrosive effects and sometimes to slightly increased temperatures (see Annex A). Certain steel grades covered by ISO 16143‑2 are also used for springs, although to a much lesser extent. In these cases, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) will be agreed between purchaser and supplier. Similarly, diameters between 10,00 mm and 15,00 mm can be ordered according to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, in which case the parties will agree upon the required mechanical characteristics. In addition to the specifications of this part of ISO 6931, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 4955:2016 specifies requirements for the grades listed in Table 2, which are usually employed for products for which the resistance to the effects of hot gases and the products of combustion at temperatures in the region above 550°C and/or to long-term mechanical stress is the main requirement. NOTE 1 Grades mentioned in this International Standard may also be used for corrosion and creep resistant purposes. ISO 4955:2016 is applicable to the following: - flat products; - bars, sections, rod, semi-finished products and forgings. NOTE 2 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and hammer-forged bars are in the following, covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term "forgings". NOTE 3 Not all of the grades included in this International Standard are necessarily available in all product forms. NOTE 4 In Table 2, two alloys are listed in addition to the steels since they belong to the heat resistant grades. NOTE 5 Heat resistant wire in the cold worked condition is covered by ISO 16143‑3. NOTE 6 Corrosion resistant stainless steels for which resistance to corrosion is of primary importance are covered by ISO 16143‑1 and ISO 16143‑2. NOTE 7 Heat-resistant steels for valves are covered by ISO 683‑15. In addition to this International Standard, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 683-17:2014 specifies the technical delivery requirements for five groups of wrought ball and roller bearing steels: through-hardening bearing steels (steels with about 1 % C and 1 % to 2 % Cr), case-hardening bearing steels, induction-hardening bearing steels (unalloyed and alloyed), stainless bearing steels, and high-temperature bearing steels.

ISO 683-18:2014 specifies the technical delivery requirements for bright steel bars in the drawn or peeled/turned condition and they are intended for mechanical purposes, for example for machine parts. The bright bars are subdivided into the following steel types: a) non-alloy general engineering steels; b) non-alloy free-cutting steels; c) non-alloy and alloy case-hardening steels; d) non-alloy and alloy steels for quenching and tempering; e) stainless steels. In addition ISO 683-18:2014, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 15510:2014 lists the chemical compositions of stainless steels agreed by ISO/TC 17/SC 4, mainly on the basis of a composition of the specifications in existing ISO, ASTM, EN, JIS, and GB (Chinese) standards. They apply to all wrought product forms including ingots and semi-finished material.

ISO 16143-3:2014 specifies requirements for stainless steel wire for common use for which no product standard exists. It includes round, flat, and shaped wire (such as square, hexagonal, or rectangular wire), made of the most commonly used types of stainless steels for general corrosion resistance and high-temperature service. The wire can be supplied in coils or in straightened and cut lengths.

ISO 16143-1:2014 specifies the technical delivery conditions for hot- or cold-rolled sheet/plate and strip for general purposes made of the most important corrosion-resistant stainless steel grades.

ISO 16143-2:2014 specifies the technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, hot formed bars, rods, and sections for general purposes made of the most important corrosion-resistant stainless steel grades.

ISO 9444-1:2009 specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously hot-rolled stainless steel narrow strip in actual widths of less than 600 mm. It also applies to cut lengths taken from such strip.

ISO 9444-2:2009 specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously hot-rolled stainless steel wide strip in actual widths from 600 mm to 2 500 mm and for sheet/plate cut from such strip.

ISO 9445-2:2009 specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously cold-rolled stainless steel wide strip and plate/sheet, in thicknesses from 0,30 mm to 8,0 mm and in rolling widths from 600 mm to 2 100 mm. It also applies to slit cold-rolled wide strip in widths less than 600 mm manufactured from wide strip by longitudinal slitting and to cut lengths manufactured from such strip.

ISO 9445-1:2009 specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously cold-rolled stainless steel narrow strip, in thicknesses of up to and including 3 mm and in rolling widths of less than 600 mm. It also applies to cut lengths taken from such strip. Narrow strip and cut lengths with widths of less than 600 mm, which are manufactured from wide strip by longitudinal slitting, are covered in ISO 9445-2.

ISO 18286:2008 specifies requirements for tolerances for hot-rolled stainless steel plates (quarto plates) made on a reversing mill with the following characteristics: nominal thickness, t, from 4 mm to 250 mm; and nominal width, w, equal to or greater than 600 mm. Tolerances for plate of width w less than 600 mm cut or slit from wider plate should be agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser at the time of enquiry and order. ISO 18286:2008 is not applicable to round plates, custom-made plates, checker plate or bulb plate for flooring or wide flats, nor to continuous-process plates (plate made with coiling).

ISO 6931-2:2005 applies to cold-rolled narrow strip of thicknesses up to and including 3 mm, in rolled widths less than 600 mm, made from stainless steel.

ISO 683-14:2004 gives the technical delivery requirements for round and flat bars and wire rods manufactured from alloyed steels intended for hot-formed and subsequently heat-treated springs or cold-formed and subsequently heat-treated springs.

Specifies the technical delivery requirements for billets and bars made of specific alloyed steels. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them may form the subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order. In addition, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

Gives the requirements of delivery for certain grades of wrought high-alloy materials used for intake and exhaust valves in reciprocating internal combustion engines. Is applicable to bars, wire, wire rod and forgings. In addition, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable. Annex A "Technical Supplement" gives requirements for property values as the result of processing after delivery.

Applies to hot-rolled spring steel with the dimensions stated in table 1, of the steel grades listed in clause 4, which are preferably used for rail vehicle construction. Specifies dimensions and tolerances, material, mode of delivery and testing.

ISO 683-3:2016 specifies the technical delivery requirements for - semi-finished products, hot formed, e.g. blooms, billets, slabs (see Note 1), - bars (see Note 1), - wire rod, - finished flat products, and - hammer or drop forgings (see Note 1) manufactured from the case-hardening non-alloy or alloy steels listed in Table 3 and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1 and in one of the surface conditions given in Table 2. The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of case-hardened (see 3.1) machine parts. NOTE 1 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and hammer-forged bars are covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term "hammer and drop forgings". NOTE 2 For International Standards relating to steels complying with the requirements for the chemical composition in Table 3, however, supplied in other product forms or treatment conditions than given above or intended for special applications, and for other related International Standards, see the Bibliography. In special cases, variations in these technical delivery requirements or additions to them can form the subject of an agreement at the time of enquiry and order (see 5.2 and Annex A). In addition to ISO 683-3:2016, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 683-5:2014 gives the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs), bars, wire rod, hot-rolled plates and hammer or drop forgings manufactured from the nitriding steels and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions and surface conditions it specifies. The steels are in general intended for the fabrication of quenched and tempered and, subsequently, nitriding machine parts. The requirements for mechanical properties given are restricted to the specified sizes.

ISO 683-3:2014 specifies the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products, hot formed, e.g. blooms, billets, slabs, for bars, wire rod, finished flat products, and hammer or drop forgings manufactured from case-hardening non-alloy or alloy steels and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products and in one of the surface conditions given. The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of case-hardened machine parts.

ISO 683-4:2014 gives the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs), bars, and wire rod, manufactured from free-cutting steels listed and supplied in one of the treatment conditions given for the different types of products. It covers three groups of free-cutting steels for mechanical purposes: not intended for heat treatment, suitable for case-hardening, and suitable for quenching and tempering.

ISO 683-2:2012 specifies the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products, hot formed (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs), bars, wire rod, finished flat products and hammer or drop forgings manufactured from the direct-hardening alloy steels and the alloy flame and induction hardening steels listed (in Table 3) and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products (in Table 1) and in one of the surface conditions given (in Table 2). The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of quenched and tempered or austempered and flame- or induction-hardened machine parts. The requirements for mechanical properties given in ISO 683-2:2012 are restricted to the sizes given (in Table 8). In addition to ISO 683-2:2012, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 683-1:2012 specifies the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products, hot formed (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs), bars, wire rod, finished flat products and hammer or drop forgings manufactured from the direct hardening non-alloy steels and the non-alloy flame and induction hardening steels listed (in Table 3) and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products (in Table 1) and in one of the surface conditions given (in Table 2). The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of quenched and tempered or austempered and flame- or induction-hardened machine parts, but can also be partly used in the normalized condition. The requirements for mechanical properties given in ISO 683-1:2012 are restricted to the sizes given (in Tables 9 and 10). In addition to ISO 683-1:2012, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 683-11:2012 specifies the technical delivery requirements for semi-finished products, hot formed, (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs), bars, wire rod, finished flat products and hammer or drop forgings manufactured from the case-hardening non-alloy or alloy steels listed (in Table 3) and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products (in Table 1) and in one of the surface conditions given (in Table 2). The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of case-hardened machine parts. In addition to ISO 683-11:2012, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable.

ISO 15510:2010 lists the chemical compositions of stainless steels agreed by ISO/TC 17/SC 4, mainly on the basis of a composition of the specifications in existing ISO, ASTM, EN, JIS and GB (Chinese) standards. They apply to all wrought product forms, including ingots and semi-finished material.

ISO 4955:2005 specifies requirements for the grades of wrought steels which are usually employed for products for which the resistance to the effects of hot gases and the products of combustion at temperatures in the region above 550 °C is the main requirement. ISO 4955:2005 is applicable to flat products, bars, sections, wire and rod, and forgings.

ISO 16143-3:2005 specifies requirements for stainless steel wire for common use for which no product standard exists. It includes round, flat and shaped wire (such as square, hexagonal or rectangular wire) made of the most commonly used types of stainless steels for general corrosion resistance and high-temperature service. The wire may be supplied in coils or in straightened and cut lengths.

ISO 16143-2:2004 specifies the technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, hot or cold formed bars, rods and sections for general purposes made of the most important corrosion-resistant stainless steel grades. In addition to ISO 16143-2:2004, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable. ISO 16143-2:2004 does not apply to components manufactured by further processing the product, where quality characteristics are altered as a result of such further processing.

ISO 16143-1:2004 specifies the technical delivery conditions for hot or cold rolled sheet/plate and strip for general purposes made of the most important corrosion resistant stainless steel grades. In addition to this part of ISO 16143, the general technical delivery requirements of ISO 404 are applicable. ISO 16143-1:2004 does not apply to components manufactured by further processing of the product forms listed in paragraph 1 where quality characteristics are altered as a result of such processing.

ISO 18286:2004 specifies requirements for tolerances for hot-rolled stainless steel plates (quarto plates) made on a reversing mill with the following characteristics: nominal thickness equal to or greater than 4 mm and equal to or less than 250 mm; nominal width equal to or greater than 600 mm. Tolerances for plate of width less than 600 mm cut or slit from plate should be agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser at the time of enquiry and order. ISO 18286:2004 does not include round plates, custom-made plates, checker plate or bulb plate for flooring or wide flats. It does not include continuous process plates (plate made with coiling).

ISO TS 15510:2003 lists the chemical compositions of stainless steels agreed by ISO/TC 17/SC 4 mainly on the basis of a composition of the specifications in existing ISO, ASTM, EN and JIS standards. They apply to all product forms including ingots and semi-finished material.

ISO 9444 specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously hot-rolled stainless steel narrow strip in actual widths of less than 600 mm. It also applies to cut lengths taken from such strip. This International Standard also specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously hot-rolled stainless steel wide strip in actual widths from 600 mm to 2 500 mm and for plate/sheet cut from such strip.

ISO 9445 specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously cold-rolled stainless steel narrow strip, in thicknesses of up to and including 3 mm and in rolling widths of less than 600 mm. It also applies to cut lengths taken from such strip. This International Standard also specifies the tolerances on dimensions and form for continuously cold-rolled stainless steel wide strip and plate/sheet, in thicknesses from 0,3 mm to 8,0 mm manufactured from wide strip by longitudinal slitting and to cut lengths manufactured from such strip.