TC 27 - Industrial electroheating and electromagnetic processing

IEC/IEEE 62395-1:2024 specifies requirements for electrical resistance trace heating systems and includes general test requirements.
This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes, apart from general revisions of IEC 62395-1 and harmonization with IEEE 515 [1] and IEEE 515.1 [2], with respect to the previous edition:
a) Added control and monitoring requirements for fire sprinkler systems and safety showers.
b) Provided a supplemental ice bath method for verification of rated output.
c) Provided constructional and type test requirements for glands used to terminate heating devices to an exposed enclosure.

IEC/IEEE 62395-2:2024 provides detailed recommendations for the system design, installation, maintenance and repair of electrical resistance trace heating systems in industrial and commercial applications. This document does not include or provide for any applications in potentially explosive atmospheres.
This standard cancels and replaces IEC 62395-2:2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This standard includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 62395-2:2013:
a) Design considerations for trace heating on sprinkler systems have been expanded and a figure has been added to illustrate how to avoid undue shadowing of spray patterns from insulated sprigs close to sprinkler heads;
b) Specific details of design considerations for trace heating for emergency eyewash units and safety showers have been added.
This document is published as an IEC/IEEE Dual Logo standard.

IEC 60676:2024 This document specifies the basic test procedures, conditions and methods for establishing the main performance parameters and the main operational characteristics of furnaces for direct arc heating, forming arcs between the electrode and metal, such as electric arc furnaces using alternating current (EAF AC) or direct current (EAF DC), and ladle furnaces (LF), with rated power level above 500 kVA .
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The structure has been redrafted according to IEC 60398:2015.
b) The scope has been redrafted.
c) The terms/definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed.
d) The test methods and content from IEC 60398:2015 have been confirmed, replaced, or complemented with regards to direct arc furnaces (EAF, LF).
e) The annexes from IEC 60398:2015 have been confirmed, replaced, or complemented with regards to direct arc furnaces (EAF, LF).

IEC 60519-6:2022 is applicable to equipment using high frequency or microwave energy alone or in combination with other kinds of energy for industrial heating and processing of materials. It is also applicable to HF and MW generators made available to users as separate units.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2011.
This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  
the structure has been redrafted according to the IEC 60519-1:2020;
the scope and object have been redrafted;
the terms/definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed;
all requirements and content from IEC 60519-6:2011 which are included in IEC 60519-1:2020 were removed to avoid any duplication;
inclusion of high frequency equipment which was previously covered by IEC 60519-9:2005 (withdrawn). This edition constitutes an extension to high frequency equipment.

IEC 60519-4:2021 provides particular safety requirements for arc furnace installations. This document deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to industrial arc furnace installations, as listed in Annex A, for normal operation and for single fault condition as well as under conditions of reasonably foreseeable misuse.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  
the structure has been redrafted according to IEC 60519-1:2020;
the scope and object have been redrafted;
the terms and definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed;
the requirements have been redrafted according to IEC 60519-1:2020;
all provisions have been redrafted and the text is more concise with respect to submerged arc furnace installations;
the annexes have been restructured, with respect to details concerning high voltage designs and non-electrical issues, however to be aware of in those installations;
the aspect of noise has been removed from the scope;
the EMC requirements have been clarified;
risk classification of hazards have been based on emission;
the boundaries to ISO 13577 (all parts) and ISO 13578 have been clarified.

IEC 60779:2020 specifies the test procedures, conditions and methods for determining the main performance parameters and operational characteristics of electroslag remelting furnaces.
Measurements and tests that are solely used for the verification of safety requirements of the installations are outside the scope of this document and are covered by IEC 60519-1 and IEC 60519-8.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2005. It constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- the structure has been redrafted according to IEC 60398:2015;
- the scope and object have been redrafted;
- the terms/definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed;
- all test methods and content from IEC 60779:2005 that have been included in IEC 60398:2015 have been removed to avoid any duplication.

IEC 60519-8:2020 specifies particular safety requirements for electroslag remelting equipment and installations.
This document specifies safety requirements applicable to mainly electroheating installations for remelting and, in some cases, for refining processes of metals through direct resistance heating of a conductive slag.
The object of this document is to specify the particular requirements for the safety of persons in or around an electroslag remelting furnace. The general requirements are included in IEC 60519-1.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the structure has been redrafted according to IEC 60519-1:2020;
b) the Scope has been redrafted;
c) the terms and definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed;
d) all requirements and content from IEC 60519-8:2005 that have been included in IEC 60519‑1:2020 have been removed to avoid any duplication.

IEC 60519-1:2020 specifies the general safety requirements for industrial installations or equipment intended for electroheating (EH) and electroheating based treatment technologies as well as for electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM). This document deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to industrial EH and EPM equipment, as listed in Annex A, for normal operation and for single fault condition as well as under conditions of reasonably foreseeable misuse. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- removal of noise from the scope;
- clarification of EMC requirements;
- risk classification of hazards based on emission for all processing frequencies;
- clarification of boundaries between IEC 60519 (all parts) and ISO 13577 (all parts).

IEC 63078:2019 specifies the test procedures, conditions and methods for determining the main performance parameters and operational characteristics of induction through-heating installations.
Measurements and tests that are solely used for the verification of safety requirements of the installations are outside the scope of this document and are covered by IEC 60519-1 and IEC 60519-3.

IEC TS 62996:2017(E) addresses the safety assessments in the frequency range between 1 kHz and 6 MHz and provides limits for touch and touch currents for industrial installations or equipment for electroheating (EH) and electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM). Indirect contact by capacitive currents to parts of an earthed human body in an open space are also included, since the current is then distributed analogously in the part of the body and differs from cases of induced electric shock.

IEC/TS 62997:2017(E) specifies the characteristics of external magnetic nearfields, computations of and requirements on induced electric fields in body tissues in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 6 MHz with respect to induced electric shock phenomena, for electroheating (EH) based treatment technologies and for electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM). The phenomena include specific absorption rates with time integration.

IEC 60519-12:2016 specifies safety requirements for industrial electroheating equipment and installations in which infrared radiation – usually generated by infrared emitters – is significantly dominating over heat convection or heat conduction as means of energy transfer to the workload. A further limitation of the scope is that the infrared emitters have a maximum spectral emission at longer wavelengths than 780 nm in air or vacuum, and are emitting wideband continuous spectra such as by thermal radiation or high pressure arcs. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a. the structure has been redrafted according to IEC 60519-1:2015;
b. terms/definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed;
c. all requirements and content from IEC 60519-12:2013 that have been included in IEC 60519-1:2015 have been removed to avoid any duplication.

IEC 60398:2015 specifies the basic test procedures, conditions and methods for establishing the main performance parameters and the main operational characteristics of industrial installations and equipment intended for electroheating (EH) or electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM). This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 60398 published in 1999 and the first edition of IEC TS 62796 published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- the title and scope of the standard have been expanded to include installations and equipment for electromagnetic processing of materials;
- the requirements have been restructured;
- tests concerning safety have been moved to IEC 60519-1;
- new tests and clauses addressing energy efficiency considerations have been added;
- a new annex placing this standard in the context of energy efficiency assessment as developed by ISO and IEC has been added;
- new annexes addressing visual display of data, estimation of energy use and energy recoverability of fluids have been added.

IEC 60519-1:2015 specifies general safety requirements for industrial installations or equipment intended for electroheating (EH) and electroheating based treatment technologies as well as for electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM). This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The title and scope of the standard has been expanded to include installations and equipment for electromagnetic processing of materials.
b) Terms and definitions as well as the list of normative references have been updated and completed with new items.
c) The requirements have been restructured.
d) Additional requirements for electric and magnetic fields, for touch currents as well as for optical radiation have been added.
e) New clauses addressing verification have been added.
f) New annexes specifying limits of exposure hazards for electric and magnetic fields, optical radiation, noise and vibration have been added.
g) New annexes on EMC, markings and warnings, guidelines for using this standard and information on the connection to ISO 13577-1 have been added.

Specifies procedures to compare two observed[
][
]- failure rates;[
]- failure intensities;[
]- rates/intensities of relevant events.[
][
]The procedures are used to determine whether an apparent difference between the two sets of observations can be considered statistically significant.[
][
]Numerical methods and a graphical procedure are prescribed. Simple practical examples are provided to illustrate how the procedures can be applied.

IEC 62798:2014 specifies test procedures, conditions and methods according to which the main parameters and the main operational characteristics of industrial infrared emitters are established. A limitation of the scope of this standard is that the infrared emitters have a maximum spectral emission at longer wavelengths than 780 nm in air or vacuum, and are emitting wideband continuous spectra such as by thermal radiation or high pressure arcs. The contents of the corrigendum of November 2014 have been included in this copy.

IEC 60519-4:2013 provides particular safety requirements for electric arc furnace installations and its operating and maintenance personnel. These safety provisions concern the protection of persons and the environment against dangers of electrical origin and also against certain dangers of non-electrical origin. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2006. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- The structure has been amended and adjusted to IEC 60519-1:2010;
- The classification (Clause 4) has been adapted to details with respect to secondary voltage in electric arc furnace installations;
- All provisions have been redrafted and the text is more concise with respect to EAF;
- Annexes AA, BB and CC have been restructured, with respect to details concerning high voltage designs and non-electrical issues, however to be aware of in those installations.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60519-1:2010.

IEC 62693:2013 specifies test procedures, conditions and methods according to which the main parameters and the main operational characteristics of industrial infrared electroheating installations are established. A limitation of the scope is that the infrared emitters have a maximum spectral emission at longer wavelengths than 780 nm in air or vacuum, and are emitting wideband continuous spectra such as by thermal radiation or high pressure arcs.

IEC 60519-12:2013 specifies safety requirements for industrial electroheating equipment and installations in which infrared radiation, usually generated by infrared emitters, is significantly dominating over heat convection or heat conduction as means of energy transfer to the material to be treated. A further limitation of the scope is that the infrared emitters have a maximum spectral emission at longer wavelengths than 780 nm in air or vacuum, and are emitting wideband continuous spectra such as by thermal radiation or high pressure arcs.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60519-1:2010.

Specifies requirements for lighting chains fitted with series or parallel connected incandescent lamps for use indoors or outdoors on supply voltages not exceeding 250 V.[
]The contents of the interpretation sheets 1 of March 2001 and the interpretation sheets 2 and 3 of July 2003 have been included in this copy.

IEC 60676:2011 specifies test procedures, conditions and methods according to which the main parameters and the main operational characteristics of electric arc furnaces (EAF) operated either with alternating current (EAFac) or with direct current (EAFdc) with a capacity above 500 kg/heat are established. This third edition cancels and replaces the previous edition published in 2002 and constitutes a technical revision. Significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
- Clause 1 (Scope and object) - types of furnaces are more clearly defined.
- Clause 2 (Normative references) and Clause 3 (Terms and definitions) have been updated and completed.
- New Clause 4 (Features of the EAFsystem) has been added; it mainly concentrates on the tests necessary for high-voltage / high-current electrical equipment in the installation.
- Clause 5 (Type of tests and general conditions of their performance) and Clause 6 (Technical tests) have been modified according to today's requirements for safe operation of an EAF.

IEC 60683:2011 specifies test procedures, conditions and methods according to which the main parameters and the main operational characteristics of a submerged-arc furnace (SAF) with rated electrical power levels above 500 kVA are established. This standard is applicable to SAF with one or more electrodes. In order to determine further technical or economic assessments, additional tests may be necessary. Tests for some special equipment for semiconductor converter controlled furnaces, such as controlled rectifiers or controlled a.c. converters, are covered by IEC 60146-1-1. This second edition cancels and replaces the previous edition published in 1980 and constitutes a technical revision. Significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
- Clause 1 (Scope and object) - the types of furnaces covered by this standard are more clearly defined.
- Clause 2 (Normative references) and Clause 3 (Terms and definitions) have been updated and completed.
- A new Clause 4 (Features of the SAF sytem) has been added; it mainly concentrates on the tests necessary for high voltage/high current electrical equipment in the installation.
- Clause 5 (Tests and general conditions) and Clause 6 (Technical tests) have been modified according to today's requirements for safe operation of a SAF.

IEC 60519-6:2011 is applicable to equipment using microwave energy alone or in combination with other kinds of energy for industrial heating of materials. This part is applicable to industrial microwave heating equipment operating in the frequency range 300 MHz to 300 GHz. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002 and constitutes a technical revision. The significant changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
- the third edition of IEC 60519-1:2003 has been taken into account (the structure of clauses was adapted to it as far as practicable);
- some definitions are modified or brought into line with IEC 60050-841:2004;
- clauses on abnormal operation, access openings, microwave enclosure and barriers are added;
- the microwave leakage measurements are in a normative Annex A;
- an informative Annex B on the rationales for microwave exposure and leakage limits is added;
- Bibliography is added.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60519-1:2003.

IEC 60519-1:2010 specifies the general safety requirements applicable to industrial electroheating installations. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2003. It constitutes a technical revision. The main technical changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
- scope and object have been modified, voltage limits and classification removed;
- terms/definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed;
- Clause 4 on classification of equipment according to process frequency has been modified;
- Clause 5 (General requirements) has been redrafted and new provisions have been added (e.g. relating to single fault conditions and EMF issues), following the recommendations of IEC Guide 104;
- Clause 8 has been redrafted, the contents of subclauses 8.2 and 8.3 has been moved to a new normative Annex A and 8.4 has been deleted;
- a new Clause 12 (Protection against other hazards) has been added;
- clauses dealing with marking and documentation have been amended.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon. The contents of the corrigendum of November 2012 have been included in this copy.

IEC 60703:2008 lays down the test methods to determine the essential parameters, technical data and characteristics of electroheating installations comprising one or more electron guns. The significant changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows: the latest edition of IEC 60519-7 has been taken into account; test requirements have been completed.

IEC/TS 60680 specifies test methods for thermal plasma torch systems and installations using thermal plasma torch systems. Standardizes the test methods and conditions for determining the main parameters and technical characteristics. Safety requirements for these systems and installations or equipment are given in IEC/TS 60519-5.

Deals with safety of electroheat installations with electron guns and applies to all electroheat applications with electron guns. May also be used for non-thermal applications with electron guns and equipment employing glow discharge systems. Applies also to high-voltage sources feeding electron guns. The main changes with respect to the previous edition cover:
- new editions of IEC publications taken into account;
- addition of new clauses;
- requirements for the earthing system updated;
- arrangement of return conductor changed.

Lays down requirements common to installations using the effect of electromagnetic forces on liquid metals; specific requirements for electromagnetic pouring equipment; specific requirements for electromagnetic equipment with lining. The significant changes with respect to the previous edition are the latest editions of IEC 60519-1:2003 and IEC 60519-3:2005 which have been taken into account. To be used in conjunction with IEC 60519-1.

Specifies requirements for electrical resistance trace heating systems and includes general test requirements. Also includes requirements for termination assemblies and control methods used with trace heating systems.

Is applicable to electroheat installations such as furnaces for direct arc heating (direct arc furnaces, submerged arc furnaces, ladle arc heating furnaces) and furnaces for indirect arc heating. The contents of the corrigendum of December 2008 have been included in this copy.

Specifies test methods for industrial microwave heating installations. Is applicable to industrial microwave heating equipment and installations used for the purpose of thermal application to loads containing water or moisture.

Applicable to industrial electroslag remelting furnaces having one or more electrodes and having different melting power supplies, such as alternating current, direct current, or low-frequency current. Standardizes electroslag remelting furnace test conditions and methods to determine the main parameters and technical characteristics. The contents of the corrigendum of December 2008 have been included in this copy.

Applies to electroheat installations for remelting and, in some cases, for refining processes of metals through direct resistance heating of a conductive slag. To be used in conjunction with IEC 60519-1. Test methods for electroslag remelting furnaces are specified in IEC 60779.

Deals with safety requirements for electrical resistance trace heating systems in industrial and commercial applications. Pertains to trace heating systems that may comprise either factory fabricated or field (work-site) assembled units, and which may be series heater cables, parallel heater cables, heater pads or heater panels.

Specifies the dimensions of turned and threaded cylindrical graphite arc furnace electrodes and graphite electrode pins for use as full graphite electrode columns on arc furnaces. Is essential for the interchangeability of electrodes from different sources.

Consists of requirements common to both induction and conduction heating installations and induction melting installations, and specific requirements for induction and conduction heating installations, and specific requirements for induction melting installations.

Lays down general safety requirements applicable to industrial electroheat installations, which may comprise electroheat equipment in the voltage range up to 3 600 V a.c. or 5 000 V d.c.

Applies to equipment using microwave energy alone or in combination with other kinds of energy for industrial heating of materials. Applicable to industrial microwave heating equipment operating in the frequency range 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Does not apply to appliances for household and similar purposes (covered by IEC 60335-2-25 and IEC 60335-2-90).

Standardizes arc furnace test conditions and methods to determine the main parameters and technical operating characteristics. Applies to industrial three-phase direct arc furnaces, the rated capacity of which is equal to or greater than 0.5 tonne. Also applies to furnaces having one or more electrodes, other than three-phase furnaces. The contents of the corrigendum of July 2002 have been included in this copy.

Applies to cylindrical carbon electrodes, manufactured from upgraded coal, for use in electric direct-arc and submerged-arc furnaces, for melting silicium and carbide and for other purposes. Covers a) dimensions and tolerances on the length and diameter of carbon electrodes b) dimensions and thread details for carbon electrode heads and sockets.

Applies in particular to direct arc furnaces and submerged arc furnaces (or arc resistance furnaces). Applies to that part of the installation which is situated on the output side of the furnace feeding transformer. This publication has the status of a report.

Describes the test conditions, fundamental measurements and general test methods applicable to all industrial electroheat installations to confirm their safety and performance specifications. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the relevant particular standards where there exist.

Covers the safety aspects of electrical parts also in the case when electrical heating is combined with other means of heating, for example liquid fuel heating. Supplements and modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 60519-2. The contents of the corrigendum of June 1999 have been included in this copy.

Applies to systems such as: Stirring devices for continuous machines, adjoining or being part of arc furnaces, ladles, etc; transport of liquid metal for emptying or filling furnaces, launders or moulds; devices to transport liquid metal with simultaneous proportioning of the transported quantity, e.g. for filling diecasting machines; systems for influencing the ingot surface or the pouring stream enhancing crystallization by means of an electromagnetic field during continuous casting. Shall be read in conjunction with IEC 60519-1

Applies to turned and threaded cylindrical electrodes and to graphite nipples for arc furnaces.