TC 77 - Electromagnetic compatibility

IEC 61000-2-4:2024 is related to conducted disturbances in the frequency range from 0 kHz to 150 kHz. It gives compatibility levels in differential mode (L-L and L-N) for industrial locations, with a nominal voltage up to 35 kV and a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
NOTE 1 Industrial locations are defined in 3.1.8.
Power distribution systems on ships, aircraft, offshore platforms and railways are not included.
NOTE 2 See also Annex E. The compatibility levels specified in this document apply at the in-plant point of coupling (IPC). The level of the low-frequency disturbances at the terminals of equipment receiving its supply from the IPC is generally assumed to be similar to the disturbance level at the IPC itself. However, in some situations this is not the case, particularly when a long feeder is dedicated to the supply of a particular load, or when a disturbance is generated or amplified within the installation of which the equipment forms a part.
Compatibility levels are specified for the types of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances expected at any in-plant point of coupling (IPC) within industrial locations, for guidance in the definition of:
a) limits for disturbance emissions in industrial power distribution systems (including the planning levels defined in 3.1.5);
NOTE 3 A very wide range of conditions is possible in the electromagnetic environments of industrial networks. These are approximated in this document by the three classes described in Clause 4. However, it is the responsibility of the operator of such a network to take account of the particular electromagnetic and economic conditions, including equipment characteristics, in setting the above-mentioned limits.
b) immunity levels for the equipment within these systems.
The disturbance phenomena considered are:
- voltage deviations;
- voltage dips and short interruptions;
- voltage imbalance;
- power-frequency variations;
- harmonics up to order 40;
- interharmonics up to the 40th harmonic;
- voltage components above the 40th harmonic up to 150 kHz;
- DC component;
- transient overvoltages.
The compatibility levels are given for different classes of environment determined by the characteristics of the supply network and loads.
NOTE 4 Compatibility levels at the point of common coupling (PCC) on public networks are specified in IEC 61000‑2‑2 for low-voltage networks and IEC 61000‑2‑12 for medium-voltage networks. IEC TR 61000‑3‑6 and IEC TR 61000‑3‑7 describe the approach of power distribution system operators to the limitation of emissions from installations and large loads.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) introduction of new classes 2a, 2b and 2L (former class 2);
b) modification of existing compatibility levels for class 3;
c) addition of compatibility levels in the frequency range 2 kHz to 150 kHz;
d) addition of compatibility levels using a new quantity: partial weighted harmonic distortion (PWHD).

IEC 61000-5-6:2024 covers guidelines for the mitigation of external electromagnetic influences impinging upon a facility or installation, aimed at ensuring electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) among electrical and electronic apparatus or systems. These influences include lightning, RF transmitters, power-line and telecom transients, high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) and other high-power electromagnetic transients such as those from intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI). This document is intended for use by installers, manufacturers and users of sensitive electrical or electronic installations or systems. It applies primarily to new installations but, where economically feasible, it can be applied to extensions or modifications to existing facilities. While the technical principles are applicable to individual equipment or apparatus, such application is not included in the scope of this document.
This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TR 61000-5-6 published in 2002. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) updating the whole document to include other HPEM environments including IEMI;
b) adding a new Annex A which provides details on the concept of EM resilience and includes information on HPEM detectors, recovery and restoration.

IEC TR 61000-1-9:2024 which is a Technical Report, provides examples for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty of harmonic emission tests performed using IEC 61000-3-2 and IEC 61000-3-12, and their application to the relevant conformity decisions. It also contains practical formulae to enable calculations in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 (GUM).

IEC 61000-3-2:2018 deals with the limitation of harmonic currents injected into the public supply system. It specifies limits of harmonic components of the input current which can be produced by equipment tested under specified conditions. It is applicable to electrical and electronic equipment having a rated input current up to and including 16 A per phase, and intended to be connected to public low-voltage distribution systems. Arc welding equipment which is not professional equipment, with a rated input current up to and including 16 A per phase, is included in this document. Arc welding equipment intended for professional use, as specified in IEC 60974-1, is excluded from this document and can be subject to installation restrictions as indicated in IEC 61000-3-12. The tests according to this document are type tests. For systems with nominal voltages less than but not equal to 220 V (line-to-neutral), the limits have not yet been considered.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) an update of the emission limits for lighting equipment with a rated power = 25 W to take into account new types of lighting equipment;
b) the addition of a threshold of 5 W under which no emission limits apply to all lighting equipment;
c) the modification of the requirements applying to the dimmers when operating non-incandescent lamps;
d) the addition of test conditions for digital load side transmission control devices;
e) the removal of the use of reference lamps and reference ballasts for the tests of lighting equipment;
f) the simplification and clarification of the terminology used for lighting equipment;
g) the classification of professional luminaires for stage lighting and studios under Class A;
h) a clarification about the classification of emergency lighting equipment;
i) a clarification for lighting equipment including one control module with an active input power = 2 W;
j) an update of the test conditions for television receivers;
k) an update of the test conditions for induction hobs, taking also into account the other types of cooking appliances;
l) for consistency with IEC 61000-3-12, a change of the scope of IEC 61000-3-2 from equipment with an input current = 16 A to equipment with a rated input current = 16 A.

IEC TR 61000-3-18:2024 which is a technical report, reports on the development of a methodology for adapting IEC equipment emission limits from IEC 61000-3-2 and IEC 61000-3-12 for use in regions not covered by these documents. It identifies gaps in the existing equipment emission limit standards concerning their international applicability and identifies public power system characteristics important for the evaluation of harmonic voltage performance. The purpose of adapting the above-mentioned IEC equipment harmonic emission standards in a particular region is to maintain similar electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of equipment up to 75 A per phase in the public power systems in those regions.
NOTE The boundaries between the various voltage levels differ amongst different countries (see IEC 60050‑601:1985, 601-01-28). This document uses the following terms when referring to 50 Hz and 60 Hz system voltages:
- low voltage (LV) refers to Un ≤ 1 kV;
- medium voltage (MV) refers to 1 kV  - high voltage (HV) refers to 35 kV  EMC requirements can have economic and societal impacts; these have not been considered in the development of this document. The consideration of these factors generally occurs in the technical committees working on development and maintenance of emission limit standards.

IEC TS 61300-3-16:2023 which is a technical specification, deals with the limits for harmonic (including grouped interharmonic) currents produced by the inverter of inverter-type electrical energy-supplying equipment (ESE) as defined in 3.2, but which does not include energy storage. The limits given in this document are applicable to inverters with a reference current as defined in 3.3 (see also 5.2.3) less than or equal to 75 A per phase, intended to be connected to public low-voltage AC distribution systems of the following types:
- single-phase, two or three wires; nominal voltage up to 240 V
- three-phase, three or four wires; nominal voltage up to 690 V
- nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
This document specifies:
a) requirements and emission limits for equipment;
b) methods for type tests and simulations.
Tests in accordance with this document are type tests of complete pieces of equipment.
Equipment which mainly absorbs energy but which is capable of supplying energy to the public supply as a secondary function is out of the scope of this document.
EXAMPLE An elevator motor drive returning energy during braking.
This document provides limits and testing procedures for equipment in the range up to harmonic order 40 (h40), i.e. 2 000 Hz or 2 400 Hz depending on line frequency.
NOTE 1 It is possible that limits for frequencies in the range from 2 kHz to 9 kHz will be added in a future edition of this document.
NOTE 2 It is possible that limits and procedures for storage systems will be added in a future edition of this document.

IEC 61000-4-24:2015 deals with methods for testing protective devices for HEMP conducted disturbance. It includes two-terminal elements, such as gas discharge tubes, varistors, and two-port SPDs, such as HEMP combination filters. It covers testing of voltage breakdown and voltage-limiting characteristics but also methods to measure the residual voltage and/or the residual current, peak rate of rise and root action for the case of very fast changes of voltage and current as a function of time. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. This edition constitutes a technical revision.

IEC 61000-4-6: 2023 relates to the conducted immunity requirements of electrical and electronic equipment to electromagnetic disturbances coming from intended radio-frequency (RF) transmitters in the frequency range 150 kHz up to 80 MHz.
NOTE 1 Product committees might decide to use the methods described in this document also for frequencies up to 230 MHz (see Annex B) although the methods and test instrumentation are intended to be used in the frequency range up to 80 MHz.
Equipment not having at least one conducting wire or cable (such as mains supply, signal line or earth connection) which can couple the equipment to the disturbing RF fields is excluded from the scope of this document.
NOTE 2 Test methods are specified in this part of IEC 61000 to assess the effect that conducted disturbing signals, induced by electromagnetic radiation, have on the equipment concerned. The simulation and measurement of these conducted disturbances are not adequately exact for the quantitative determination of effects. The test methods specified are structured for the primary objective of establishing adequate repeatability of results at various facilities for quantitative analysis of effects.
The object of this document is to establish a common reference for evaluating the functional immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to conducted disturbances induced by RF fields. The test method in this document describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a specified phenomenon.
NOTE 3 As described in IEC Guide 107, this document is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC. As also stated in Guide 107, the IEC product committees are responsible for determining whether this immunity test standard should be applied or not, and if applied, they are responsible for determining the appropriate test levels and performance criteria.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) selection of injection devices revised;
b) need of AE impedance check for clamp injection removed and Annex H deleted;
c) saturation check revised;
d) new Annex H on testing with multiple signals;
e) level-setting only with feedback loop.

IEC TR 61000-2-15: 2023 which is a Technical Report, addresses in particular the following main phenomena, which affect the power quality in modern distribution systems with high penetration of power electronics converters. As some aspects of the subject have already been addressed in the past, considering the evolution of the LV and MV networks, this document focuses on the following aspects:
resonances in the network, modelling and on-site validation;
supraharmonics and measurements issues;
impact of increased number of power electronic converters;
stability and instability issues for the equipment to be connected
The target phenomena and conditions of this document are the following:
frequency: ≤ 2 kHz, 2 kHz to 9 kHz, ≥ 9 kHz;
voltage levels: LV, MV;
harmonic sources: all types of converters (EV battery chargers, appliances, etc.…).
Some of these frequency ranges have already been standardized in some countries (Japan, Germany, Switzerland, etc.), but the resulting phenomena developed will benefit being described in more details, with a focus on the interaction between the converters and the electrical networks. The case of the presence of a large number of converters is also at stake. Some complex phenomena can also arise when the full system is not stable anymore. NOTE Whereas it is expected that the models and derived calculations form this document can be applied to the Americas electrical systems its formal validation studies are still pending.

IEC TR 61000-5-1:2023 which is a technical report, covers general considerations and guidelines on mitigation methods aimed at ensuring electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) among electrical and electronic apparatus or systems used in industrial, commercial, and residential installations. This document is intended for use by all using and installing sensitive electrical or electronic installations and systems, and equipment with high emission levels that could degrade the overall electromagnetic (EM) environment. It applies primarily to new installations, but also applies during modifications or enhancements of legacy installations. Specific topics, such as recommendations on the design and implementation of the earthing system, including the earth electrode and the earth network, the design and implementation of bonding apparatus or systems to earth or to the earth network, the selection and installation of appropriate cables, and the design and implementation mitigation means involving shielded enclosures, high-frequency filters, isolating transformers, surge-protective devices, etc., will be addressed in other parts of IEC 61000-5. Within this document the fundamental measures will be described. The practices presented in this document address the EMC concerns of the installation, not the safety aspects of the installation nor the efficient transportation of power within the installation. Nevertheless, these two prime objectives are taken into consideration in the technical observations concerning EMC. These two primary objectives can be implemented concurrently for enhanced EMC of the installed sensitive apparatus or systems without conflict by applying the practices presented in this document and the relevant safety requirements. It is the responsibility of the designer and the installer to select the relevant technique most appropriate to a particular installation. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1996. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a. restructuring of clauses and subclauses with amending of technical content;
b. alignment of the terminology with other parts of the IEC 61000 series, for example with IEC TR 61000-2-5;
c. addition of an overview regarding the IEC 61000-5 series in Annex A.

IEC TR 61000-1-1:2023 which is a Technical Report, aims to describe and interpret various terms considered to be of basic importance to concepts and practical application in the design and evaluation of electromagnetically compatible equipment and systems. In addition, attention is drawn to the distinction between electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests carried out in a standardized set-up and those carried out at other locations, for example at premises where a device, equipment or system is manufactured or at the location where a device, equipment or system is installed (in situ tests or measurements). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1992. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the general description of the electromagnetic environment has been updated in accordance with IEC TR 61000-2-5;
b) the description of source, of potentially susceptible equipment/systems and of coupling mechanism has been updated,
c) elements from IEC TR 61000-2-3, that is intended to be withdrawn, as well as from IEC TR 61000-2-5, have been incorporated into this document.

I

IEC TR 61000-1-4:2022 which is a technical report, reviews the sources and effects of power frequency conducted harmonic current emissions in the frequency range up to 2 kHz on the public electricity supply, and gives an account of the reasoning and calculations leading to the existing emission limits for equipment in the editions of IEC 61000-3-2, up to and including the fifth edition (2018) with Amendment 1 (2020), and in the second edition of IEC 61000-3-12. The history is traced from the first supra-national standard on low-frequency conducted emissions into the public electricity supply, EN 50006:1975 and its evolution through IEC (60)555-2 to IEC 61000-3-2, IEC TR 61000-3-4 and IEC 61000-3-12. To give a full picture of the history, that of the standard for the measuring instrument IEC 61000-4-7 is mentioned as well. NOTE All IEC standards were renumbered starting from 60000 from 1998-01-01. To indicate the references of standards withdrawn before, or not reprinted after, that date, the “60x” prefix is here enclosed in parentheses. Hence “IEC (60)555-2”. Some concepts in this document apply to all low voltage AC systems, but the numerical values apply specifically to the European 230 V;400 V 50 Hz system. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- relation between compatibility levels, emission limits and immunity requirements clarified;
- sharing of emission levels between LV, MV and HV clarified;
- new historical information added.

IEC 61000-4-20:2022 focuses on emission and immunity test methods for electrical and electronic equipment using various types of transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguides. These types include open structures (for example striplines and electromagnetic pulse simulators) and closed structures (for example TEM cells). These structures can be further classified as one-port, two-port, or multi-port TEM waveguides. The frequency range depends on the specific testing requirements and the specific TEM waveguide type. The object of this document is to describe
TEM waveguide characteristics, including typical frequency ranges and equipment-under-test (EUT) size limitations;
TEM waveguide validation methods for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests;
the EUT (i.e. EUT cabinet and cabling) definition;
test set-ups, procedures, and requirements for radiated emission measurements in TEM waveguides; and
test set-ups, procedures, and requirements for radiated immunity testing in TEM waveguides.  NOTE Test methods are defined in this document to measure the effects of electromagnetic radiation on equipment and the electromagnetic emissions from the equipment concerned. The simulation and measurement of electromagnetic radiation is not adequately exact for the quantitative determination of effects for all end-use installations. The test methods defined are structured for a primary objective of establishing adequate reproducibility of results at various test facilities for qualitative analysis of effects.
This document does not intend to specify the tests to be applied to any particular apparatus or system(s). The main intention of this document is to provide a general basic reference for all interested product committees of the IEC. For radiated emission measurements, product committees select emission limits and measurement methods in consultation with CISPR standards. For radiated immunity testing, product committees remain responsible for the appropriate choice of immunity tests and immunity test limits to be applied to equipment within their scope. This document describes test methods that are separate from those of IEC 61000‑4‑3.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  
provide information on the testing of large EUTs (including cables);
apply the work on measurement uncertainties by adapting the work completed in CISPR and TC 77 (for emissions and immunity);
update the validation procedure for the test volume regarding field uniformity and TEM mode verification;
provide information concerning two-port and four-port TEM waveguides;
add a new informative annex (Annex I) dealing with transient TEM waveguide characterization; and
add information dealing with dielectric test stands for EUTs.

IEC 61000-2-10:2021 defines the high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) conducted environment that is one of the consequences of a high-altitude nuclear explosion.Those dealing with this subject consider two cases:
high-altitude nuclear explosions;
low-altitude nuclear explosions.
For civil systems the most important case is the high-altitude nuclear explosion. In this case, the other effects of the nuclear explosion such as blast, ground shock, thermal and nuclear ionizing radiation are not present at the ground level. However, the electromagnetic pulse associated with the explosion can cause disruption of, and damage to, communication, electronic and electric power systems thereby upsetting the stability of modern society. The object of this document is to establish a common reference for the conducted HEMP environment in order to select realistic stresses to apply to victim equipment to evaluate their performance. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a new Annex E has been added to describe the time waveform characteristics of the response of simple linear antennas to aid in the development of test methods;
technical support for this waveform is provided in Annex E.
a procedure to use the waveforms presented in Annex E along with the peak values previously provided in Annex C is provided.

IEC 61000-3-12:2011 deals with the limitation of harmonic currents injected into the public supply system. The limits given in this International Standard are applicable to electrical and electronic equipment with a rated input current exceeding 16 A and up to and including 75 A per phase, intended to be connected to public low-voltage a.c. distribution systems of the following types:
- nominal voltage up to 240 V, single-phase, two or three wires;
- nominal voltage up to 690 V, three-phase, three or four wires;
- nominal frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Other distribution systems are excluded. The limits given in this edition apply to equipment when connected to 230/400 V, 50 Hz systems. This standard applies to equipment intended to be connected to low-voltage systems interfacing with the public supply at the low-voltage level. It does not apply to equipment intended to be connected only to private low-voltage systems interfacing with the public supply only at the medium- or high-voltage level. This standard defines:
a) requirements and emission limits for equipment;
b) methods for type tests and simulations. Tests according to this International Standard are type tests of complete pieces of equipment. Conformity with this standard can also be determined by validated simulations. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2004 and constitutes a technical revision. The significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition are:
- the replacement of the reference fundamental current I1 by the reference current Iref for the calculation of emission limits;
- a new added table of current emission limits (Table 5);
- a new added annex (Annex A) to define test conditions for some types of equipment;
- Deletion of the former Annexes B (Approximate interpolation formulas) and D (Information on the PWHD factor).

The contents of the corrigendum of January 2022 have been included in this copy.

IEC 61000-3-3:2013 is concerned with the limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker impressed on the public low-voltage system. It specifies limits of voltage changes which may be produced by an equipment tested under specified conditions and gives guidance on methods of assessment. It is applicable to electrical and electronic equipment having an input current equal to or less than 16 A per phase, intended to be connected to public low-voltage distribution systems of between 220 V and 250 V line to neutral at 50 Hz, and not subject to conditional connection. IEC 61000-3-3 has the status of a product family standard within the IEC 61000 series. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision which takes account of the changes made in IEC 61000-4-15:2010.

IEC 61000-4-30:201 5 defines the methods for measurement and interpretation of results for power quality parameters in a.c. power supply systems with a declared fundamental frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Measurement methods are described for each relevant parameter in terms that give reliable and repeatable results, regardless of the method;s implementation. This standard addresses measurement methods for in-situ measurements. Measurement of parameters covered by this standard is limited to conducted phenomena in power systems. The power quality parameters considered in this standard are power frequency, magnitude of the supply voltage, flicker, supply voltage dips and swells, voltage interruptions, transient voltages, supply voltage unbalance, voltage harmonics and interharmonics, mains signalling on the supply voltage, rapid voltage changes, and current measurements. Emissions in the 2 kHz to 150 kHz range are considered in Annex C (informative), and over- and underdeviations are considered in Annex D (informative). Depending on the purpose of the measurement, all or a subset of the phenomena on this list may be measured. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- the measurement method for current, previously informative, is now normative with some changes;
- the measurement method for RVC (rapid voltage change) has been added;
- the measurement method for conducted emissions in the 2 kHz to 150 kHz range has been added in informative Annex C;
- underdeviation and overdeviation parameters are moved to informative Annex D;
- Class A and Class S measurement methods are defined and clarified, while Class B is moved to informative Annex E and considered for future removal;
- measurement methods continue in this standard, but responsibility for influence quantities, performance, and test procedures are transferred to IEC 62586-2.
The contents of the corrigendum of December 2016 have been included in this copy.

IEC 61000-4-3:2020 is applicable to the immunity requirements of electrical and electronic equipment to radiated electromagnetic energy. It establishes test levels and the required test procedures. The object of this document is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to radiated, radio-frequency electromagnetic fields. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against RF electromagnetic fields from RF sources not in close proximity to the EUT. The test environment is specified in Clause 6. NOTE 1 As described in IEC Guide 107, this is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC. As also stated in Guide 107, the IEC product committees are responsible for determining whether this immunity test standard should be applied or not, and if applied, they are responsible for determining the appropriate test levels and performance criteria. TC 77 and its sub-committees are prepared to co-operate with product committees in the evaluation of the value of particular immunity tests for their products. NOTE 2 Immunity testing against RF sources in close proximity to the EUT is defined in IEC 61000-4-39. Particular considerations are devoted to the protection against radio-frequency emissions from digital radiotelephones and other RF emitting devices. NOTE 3 Test methods are defined in this part for evaluating the effect that electromagnetic radiation has on the equipment concerned. The simulation and measurement of electromagnetic radiation is not adequately exact for quantitative determination of effects. The test methods defined in this basic document have the primary objective of establishing an adequate reproducibility of testing configuration and repeatability of test results at various test facilities. This document is an independent test method. It is not possible to use other test methods as substitutes for claiming compliance with this document. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2006, Amendment 1:2007 and Amendment 2:2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- testing using multiple test signals has been described;
- additional information on EUT and cable layout has been added;
- the upper frequency limitation has been removed to take account of new services;
- the characterization of the field as well as the checking of power amplifier linearity of the immunity chain are specified.

The contents of the Interpretation sheet of August 2021, applying to the English version only, have been included in this copy.

IEC 61000-4-36:2020 provides methods to determine test levels for the assessment of the immunity of equipment and systems to intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) sources. It introduces the general IEMI problem, IEMI source parameters, derivation of test limits and summarises practical test methods. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- addition of a hyperband and mesoband radiated transients immunity test method in
- Annex H;
- addition of a calibration method of sensors for radiated hyperband and mesoband transient fields and measurement uncertainty in Annex I.

IEC TR 61000-4-40:2020 which is a Technical Report, deals with the assessment of electrical power quantities (RMS voltage, RMS current and active power). It explains and compares two digital algorithms suitable for power quantity measurements in fluctuating or non-periodic loads. The examples are from 50 Hz or 60 Hz power systems. This document does not attempt to cover all possible digital implementations of the algorithms used for power quantity assessment in fluctuating loads, for example in the context of the EMC assessment described in several IEC documents. Rather, it compares averaging with one of the filtering algorithms. This document aims to highlight some examples of applications that illustrate how the presented algorithms work. Further, guidance is given for quantifying the accuracy of each approach.

IEC 61000-4-11:2020 defines the immunity test methods and range of preferred test levels for electrical and electronic equipment connected to low-voltage power supply networks for voltage dips, short interruptions, and voltage variations. This document applies to electrical and electronic equipment having a rated input current not exceeding 16 A per phase, for connection to 50 Hz or 60 Hz AC networks. It does not apply to electrical and electronic equipment for connection to 400 Hz AC networks. Tests for these networks will be covered by future IEC documents. The object of this document is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations.
NOTE 1 Voltage fluctuation immunity tests are covered by IEC 61000-4-14. The test method documented in this document describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of equipment or a system against a defined phenomenon.
NOTE 2 As described in IEC Guide 107, this is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC. As also stated in Guide 107, the IEC product committees are responsible for determining whether this immunity test standard should be applied or not, and, if applied, they are responsible for defining the appropriate test levels. Technical committee 77 and its sub-committees are prepared to co-operate with product committees in the evaluation of the value of particular immunity tests for their products. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2004 and Amendment 1:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- rise time and fall time of transients are now defined terms in Clause 3;
- the origin of voltage dips and short interruptions is now stated in Clause 4.
The contents of the corrigendum of May 2020 and October 2022 have been included in this copy.

IEC 61000-4-18: 2019 focuses on the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment, under operational conditions, with regard to:
a) repetitive slow damped oscillatory waves occurring mainly in power, control and signal cables installed in high voltage and medium voltage (HV/MV) substations;
b) repetitive fast damped oscillatory waves occurring mainly in power, control and signal cables installed in gas insulated substations (GIS) and in some cases also air insulated substations (AIS) or in any installation due to high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) phenomena.
The object of this document is to establish a common and reproducible reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to damped oscillatory waves on supply, signal, control and earth ports. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon. NOTE As described in IEC Guide 107, this is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC. As also stated in Guide 107, the IEC product committees are responsible for determining whether this immunity test standard is applied or not, and if applied, they are responsible for determining the appropriate test levels and performance criteria. The document defines:
test voltage and current waveforms;
ranges of test levels;
test equipment;
calibration and verification procedures of test equipment;
test setups;
test procedure.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006 and its Amendment 1:2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of a mathematical modelling of damped oscillatory wave waveform;
b) new Annex B on measurement uncertainty;
c) addition high speed CDN;
d) addition of calibration procedures for CDNs;
e) addition of the use of the capacitive coupling clamp on interconnection lines for fast damped oscillatory waves;
f) addition of a test procedure for DC/DC converters in case the CDN does not work;
g) new Annex C on issues relating to powering EUTs having DC/DC converters at the input.
Keywords: immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment
The contents of the corrigendum of August 2019 have been included in this copy.

IEC TR 61000-1-8:2019, which is a technical report, provides information about the current conditions, and project future developments, of prevailing phase angles, predominantly for the 3rd and 5th harmonic currents, on public supply networks. This objective is accomplished by monitoring a number of networks, and efforts to forecast the effects of changes in technologies. This document presents information to guide the discussion about the effectiveness of potential mitigation techniques and the generalisation of effects of the prevailing angle positions of selected current harmonics. This document mainly deals with the phase angles of the 3rd and 5th harmonic currents, but also contains information about other harmonics.
Keywords: 3rd and 5th harmonic currents, phase angles

Applies to electronic direct a.c. converter systems with electrical energy storage means in the d.c. link. Ensures continuity of an alternating power source. Also includes the method of specifying all power switches that form integral parts of a UPS and are associated with its output. Included are interrupters, bypass switches, isolating switches, load transfer switches and tie switches. does not refer to cnventional mains distirbution boards, rectifier input switches or d.c. switches or UPS based on rotating machines. Defines a complete uninterruptible power system in terms of its performance and not individual UPS functional units.[
]The contents of the corrigendum of July 2003 have been included in this copy.

IEC 61000-4-12:2017 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment, under operational conditions, to ring waves occurring in low-voltage power, control and signal lines supplied by public and non-public networks.
The object of this document is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to ring waves. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon.
It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of a mathematical modelling of ring wave waveform;
b) new Annex B on selection of generators and test levels;
c) new Annex C on explanatory notes;
d) new Annex D on measurement uncertainty;
e) addition of high speed CDN;
f) addition of a calibration procedure for CDN.

IEC TS 61000-5-10:2017(E) provides guidelines to protect commercial facilities from the high-power electromagnetic disturbances of high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) and intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI).
This document is applicable to both existing facilities and new buildings when the customer has decided that protection of critical electronics from HEMP and IEMI is important to the function of the facility.
IEC TS 61000-5-10:2017 has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107.

This amendment 1 is valid for the following parts of the IEC 60317: Part 2 (1990), Part 3 (1990), Part 4 (1990), Part 10 (1972), Part 12 (1990), Part 14 (1990), Part 15 (1990), Part 16 (1990), Part 17 (1990), Part 18 (1990), Part 19 (1990), Part 20 (1990), Part 21 (1990), Part 22 (1990), Part 23 (1990), Part 24 (1990), Part 26 (1990), Part 28 (1990), Part 29 (1990), Part 30 (1990), Part 35 (1992), Part 36 (1992), Part 37 (1992) and Part 38 (1992).

IEC 61000-3-11:2017 is concerned with the emission of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker produced by equipment and impressed on the public low-voltage supply system. It specifies the limits of voltage changes produced by equipment tested under specified conditions.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of a new Annex A which explains the limitations and effectiveness of IEC 61000-3-11 regarding the connection of multiple items of similar equipment at the same location in the supply network.

IEC 61000-4-39:2017 specifies immunity requirements for electrical and electronic equipment when it is exposed to radiated electromagnetic energy from RF transmitters used in close proximity. It establishes test levels and the required test procedures. The applicable frequency range is 9 kHz to 6 GHz. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107.

IEC/TR 61000-2-5:2017(E) is a Technical Report intended for guidance for those who are in charge of considering and developing immunity requirements. It also gives basic guidance for the selection of immunity levels. The data are applicable to any item of electrical or electronic equipment, sub-system or system that operates in one of the locations as considered in this document.
This Technical Report provides the following:
– introduces the concept of disturbance degrees and defines these for each electromagnetic phenomena;
– classifies into various location classes and describes them by means of attributes;
– provides background information on the different electromagnetic phenomena that may exist within the environment and;
– compiles tables of compatibility levels for electromagnetic phenomena that are considered to be relevant for those location classes.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the description of the radiated electromagnetic environment has been updated taking into account recent communication technologies;
b) some conducted phenomena and respective interference sources have been described in more detail.

IEC 61000-4-23:2016(E) provides a protective devices test method for HEMP and other radiated disturbances. It is primarily intended for HEMP testing but can be applied to other externally generated radiated disturbances where appropriate. It provides a brief description of the most important concepts for testing of shielding elements. For each test, the following basic information is provided:
- theoretical foundation of the test (the test concepts);
- test set-up including outside-to-in and inside-to-out measurements;
- required equipment;
- test procedures;
- data processing.
This international standard does not provide information on requirements for specific levels for testing. Due to the available space, a transmitting antenna position outside the barrier has mainly been suggested. However, nowadays, many EMP protection facilities in practical use do not actually have enough space available outside the electromagnetic barrier due to physical constraints such as concrete walls or soil to allow the method described in IEC 61000-4-23:2000 (edition 1) to be applied correctly. From experience many facilities have available space for a 1 m separation or less only. Therefore, in many practical cases it is not possible to measure shielding effectiveness according to the test method of previous documents. The constructors for EMP protection facilities are also unwilling to build facilities with extra space for measurements with the transmitting antenna outside the barrier due to the great expense and inefficiency of the operational working area for new or existing buildings. This document provides additionally a method that allows the transmitting antenna to be placed inside the enclosure and the receiving antenna outside the barrier ('inside-to-out' method). Annex F includes test set-up and procedure examples. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2000. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) updates to the shielding effectiveness (SE) test method in Clause 5;
b) a new Annex F describing methods for testing 'inside-to-out' has been added.

IEC 61000-6-1:2016 for EMC immunity requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use in residential, commercial, public and light-industrial locations. Immunity requirements in the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. No tests need to be performed at frequencies where no requirements are specified. This generic EMC immunity standard is applicable if no relevant dedicated product or product-family EMC immunity standard exists. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision.