SC 65A - System aspects

IEC TS 61508-3-2:2024 covers the general assurance of dependable software used in critical operational-technology (OT) which is running on hardware devices which are specified as part of the OT application. It is particularly aimed at safety-related software which is being developed according to the E/E/PE software functional safety standard IEC 61508-3; in particular, the development of the software follows a Formal Safety Requirements Specification. Successful use of some or all of the assurance points specified in this document enhances the confidence that a particular piece of safety-related software meets the requirements of the SIL of the safety function which it (partially or fully) implements, and thereby increases the systematic capability of the software.

IEC 63303:2024 defines general structures and functions of HMI systems.
An HMI life cycle example for HMI systems is included.
This document specifies requirements and recommendations for activities in each stage of the life cycle including designing, using, and maintaining the HMI system.
It also provides requirements and recommendations for functions and performance of HMI systems.
The requirements and recommendations in this document are applicable to any controlled process using an HMI to interface to a control system. There can be differences in implementation to meet the specific needs based on the application and controlled process type.

IEC 62682:2022 specifies general principles and processes for the management of alarm systems based on controls system and human-machine interfaces (HMI) for facilities in the process industries. It covers all alarms to be presented to the operator through the control system, which includes alarms from basic process control systems, annunciators, packaged systems, and safety instrumented systems.
The practices in this document are applicable to continuous, batch, and discrete processes. There can be differences in implementation to meet the specific needs based on process type.
The primary function within the alarm system is to notify operators of abnormal process conditions or equipment malfunctions and support the response. The alarm systems can include both the basic process control system (BPCS) and the safety instrumented system (SIS), each of which uses measurements of process conditions and logic to generate alarms. Figure 1 illustrates the concepts of alarm and response dataflow through the alarm system. The alarm system also includes a mechanism for communicating the alarm information to the operator via an HMI, usually a computer screen or an annunciator. Additional functions of the alarm system are an alarm and event log, an alarm historian, and the generation of performance metrics for the alarm system. There are external systems that can use the data from the alarm system.

IEC 61326-2-5:2020 treats the particular features for EMC testing of field devices with field bus interfaces. This part of IEC 61326 covers only the field bus interface of the equipment. This part refers only to field devices intended for use in process control and process measuring. In this document, field devices with interfaces according to IEC 61784-1:2019, CP 3/2 and CP 1/1 as defined in IEC 61784 are covered. Other field bus interfaces may be included in future editions of this document.

IEC 61326-2-6:2020 specifies minimum requirements for immunity and emissions regarding electromagnetic compatibility for IN VITRO DIAGNOSTIC (IVD) MEDICAL EQUIPMENT, taking into account the particularities and specific aspects of this electrical equipment and their electromagnetic environment.

IEC 61326-2-4:2020 specifies more detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria than IEC 61326-1 for equipment for
- insulation monitoring according to IEC 61557-8;
- insulation fault location according to IEC 61557-9.
This applies to insulation monitoring devices and for equipment for insulation fault location systems permanently or semi-permanently connected to the distribution system.

IEC 61326:2020 specifies requirements for immunity and emissions regarding electro¬magnetic compatibility (EMC) for electrical equipment, operating from a supply or battery of less than 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC or from the circuit being measured. Equipment intended for professional, industrial-process, industrial-manufacturing and educational use is covered by this part. It includes equipment and computing devices for
- measurement and test;
- control;
- LABORATORY use;
- accessories intended for use with the above (such as sample handling equipment),
intended to be used in industrial and non-industrial locations.

IEC 61326-2-3:2020 specifies more detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria for transducers with integrated or remote signal conditioning. This document applies only to transducers characterized by their ability to transform, with the aid of an auxiliary energy source, a non-electric quantity to a process-relevant electrical signal, and to output the signal at one or more PORTS. This document includes transducers for electrochemical and biological measured quantities. The transducers covered by this document can be powered by AC or DC voltage and/or by battery or with internal power supply.

IEC 61326-2-2:2020 specifies more detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria for equipment covered by Annex A of IEC 61326-1:2020 which is:
- used for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures in low-voltage distribution systems, and;
- powered by battery and/or from the circuit measured, and
- portable.
Examples of such EUTs include, but are not limited to, voltage detectors, insulation testers, earth continuity testers, earth resistance testers, leakage current clamps, loop impedance testers, “residual-current-device-testers” (RCD-testers) and phase sequence testers as defined in IEC 61557 (all parts).

IEC 61326:2020 specifies more detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria for equipment with test and measurement circuits (internal or, external to the equipment, or both) that are not EMC protected for operational and/or functional reasons, as specified by the manufacturer. The manufacturer specifies the environment for which the product is intended to be used and selects the appropriate test level specifications of IEC 61326-1:2020.

IEC TR 61511-4:2020(E), Functional safety - safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector, which is a Technical Report:
• specifies the rationale behind all clauses and the relationship between them,
• raises awareness for the most common misconceptions and misinterpretations of the clauses and the changes related to them,
• explains the differences between Ed. 1 and Ed. 2 of IEC 61511-1 and the reasons behind the changes,
• presents high level summaries of how to fulfil the requirements of the clauses, and
• explains differences in terminology between IEC 61508-4:2010 and IEC 61511-1 Ed. 2.

IEC 61511-0:2018(E) provides an overview of the other three parts of IEC 61511 Functional safety - safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector. There are many hazards in process industries that can lead to loss of containment, resulting in an impact on health, safety, environment and plant assets. Process safety is best achieved by using inherently safe processes. However, when this is not practical or possible, protective systems are required to mitigate the risk of hazards to an acceptable level. There are three parts to this series:
IEC 61511-1:2016, Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector - Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and application programming requirements
IEC 61511-2:2016, Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector - Part 2: Guidelines for the application of IEC 61511-1:2016
IEC 61511-3:2016, Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector - Part 3: Guidance for the determination of the required safety integrity levels

IEC 61326-3-2:2017 covers all equipment within the scope of IEC 61326-1, but is limited to systems and equipment for industrial applications within a specified electromagnetic environment and intended to perform safety functions as defined in IEC 61508 with SIL 1-3.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- extension of the frequency range up to 6 GHz for the radio-frequency electromagnetic field test according to IEC 61000-4-3,
- replacement of the performance criterion FS with DS according to the generic standard IEC 61000-6-7,
- adding Table 1 - Aspects to be considered during application of performance criterion DS,
- including immunity tests for devices with current consumption > 16 A according to IEC 61000-4-34,
- updating Figure A.1 and Figure 1 for better readability,
- adding tests according to IEC 61000-4-16 to replace the tests according to IEC 61000-4-6 in the frequency range between 10 kHz and 150 kHz.

IEC 61326-3-1:2017 covers all equipment within the scope of IEC 61326-1, but is limited to systems and equipment for industrial applications intended to perform safety functions as defined in IEC 61508 with SIL 1-3.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- extension of the frequency range up to 6 GHz for the radio-frequency electromagnetic field test according to IEC 61000-4-3,
- replacement of the performance criterion FS with DS according to the generic standard IEC 61000-6-7,
- adding Table 1 - Aspects to be considered during application of performance criterion DS,
- including immunity tests for devices with current consumption > 16 A according to IEC 61000-4-34,
- updating Table 8 - Frequency ranges of mobile transmitters and ISM equipment,
- updating Figure A.1 and Figure 1 for better readability.

IEC 61511-2:2016 provides guidance on the specification, design, installation, operation and maintenance of SIFs and related SIS as defined in IEC 61511-1:2016. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- guidance examples based on all phases of the safety life cycle provided based on usage experience with IEC 61511 1st edition;
- annexes replaced to address transition from software to application programming.

IEC 61511-3:2016 applies when functional safety is achieved using one or more SIF for the protection of either personnel, the general public, or the environment; may be applied in non-safety applications such as asset protection; illustrates typical hazard and risk assessment methods that may be carried out to define the safety functional requirements and SIL of each SIF; illustrates techniques/measures available for determining the required SIL; provides a framework for establishing SIL but does not specify the SIL required for specific applications; does not give examples of determining the requirements for other methods of risk reduction. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: Additional H&RA example(s) and quantitative analysis consideration annexes are provided.

IEC TS 61508-3-1:2016(E) presents requirements by the application of which pre-existing software elements may be claimed to be proven-in-use for all or a part of safety function(s) of SIL1 or SIL2.

IEC 61069-7:2016 specifies the detailed method of the assessment of system safety of a basic control system (BCS) based on the basic concepts of IEC 61069-1 and methodology of IEC 61069-2, defines basic categorization of system safety properties, describes the factors that influence system safety and which need to be taken into account when evaluating system safety, and provides guidance in selecting techniques from a set of options (with references) for evaluating the system safety. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-7:1998 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61069-3:2016 specifies the detailed method of the assessment of functionality of a basic control system (BCS) based on the basic concepts of IEC 61069-1 and methodology of IEC 61069-2, defines basic categorization of functionality properties, describes the factors that influence functionality and which need to be taken into account when evaluating functionality, and provides guidance in selecting techniques from a set of options (with references) for evaluating the functionality. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1996. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-3:1996 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1:2014 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61069-5:2016 specifies the detailed method of the assessment of dependability of a basic control system (BCS) based on the basic concepts of IEC 61069-1 and methodology of IEC 61069-2, defines basic categorization of dependability properties, describes the factors that influence dependability and which need to be taken into account when evaluating dependability, and provides guidance in selecting techniques from a set of options (with references) for evaluating the dependability. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1994. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-5:1994 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61069-8:2016 specifies the detailed method of the assessment of other system properties of a basic control system (BCS) based on the basic concepts of IEC 61069-1 and methodology of IEC 61069-2, defines basic categorization of other system properties, describes the factors that influence other system properties and which need to be taken into account when evaluating other system properties, and provides guidance in selecting techniques from a set of options (with references) for evaluating the other system properties. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-8:1998 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61069-4:2016 specifies the detailed method of the assessment of performance of a basic control system (BCS) based on the basic concepts of IEC 61069-1 and methodology of IEC 61069-2, defines basic categorization of performance properties, describes the factors that influence performance and which need to be taken into account when evaluating performance, and provides guidance in selecting techniques from a set of options (with references) for evaluating the performance. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-4:1997 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1:2014 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61069-1:2016 defines the terminology and outlines basic concepts in the assessment of a basic process control system (BPCS) and a basic discrete control system (BDCS). These two general system types cover the areas of discrete, batch and continuous applications. In IEC 61069 these two, BPCS and BDCS, together are referred to as "basic control system(s)", (BCS). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1991. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-1:1991 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1:2014 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61069-2:2016 specifies the methodology in the assessment of a basic control system (BCS) based on the basic concepts of IEC 61069-1. It describes the method for analysing, weighing the relative importance of the various system properties and influencing factors, and determining an assessment program. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-2:1993 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1:2014 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61069-6:2016 specifies the detailed method of the assessment of operability of basic control system (BCS), based on the basic concepts of IEC 61069-1 and methodology of IEC 61069-2; defines basic categorization of operability properties; describes the factors that influence operability and which need to be taken into account when evaluating operability; provides guidance in selecting techniques from a set of options (with references) for evaluating the operability. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- reorganization of the material of IEC 61069-6:1998 to make the overall set of standards more organized and consistent;
- IEC TS 62603-1 has been incorporated into this edition.

IEC 61511-1:2016 gives requirements for the specification, design, installation, operation and maintenance of a safety instrumented system (SIS), so that it can be confidently entrusted to achieve or maintain a safe state of the process. IEC 61511-1 has been developed as a process sector implementation of IEC 61508:2010. The contents of the corrigendum of September 2016 have been included in this copy.

IEC 62682:2014 specifies general principles and processes for the lifecycle management of alarm systems based on programmable electronic controller and computer-based human-machine interface (HMI) technology for facilities in the process industries. It covers all alarms presented to the operator, which includes alarms from basic process control systems, annunciator panels, safety instrumented systems, fire and gas systems, and emergency response systems.

IEC 61326-2-2:2012 specifies more detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria for equipment covered by Annex A of IEC 61326-1 which is used for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures in low-voltage distribution systems, and; powered by battery and/or from the circuit measured, and portable. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main technical changes are: Update with respect to IEC 61326-1:2012.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61326-1:2012.

IEC 61326-2-1:2012 specifies more detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria for equipment with test and measurement circuits (both internal and/or external to the equipment) that are not EMC protected for operational and/or functional reasons, as specified by the manufacturer. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main technical changes are: Update with respect to IEC 61326-1:2012.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61326-1:2012.

IEC 61326-2-5:2012 treats the particular features for EMC testing of field devices with field bus interfaces. This part of IEC 61326 covers only the field bus interface of the equipment. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2005. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main technical changes are: Update with respect to IEC 61326-1:2012.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61326-1:2012.

IEC 61326-2-6:2012 specifies minimum requirements for immunity and emissions regarding electromagnetic compatibility for in vitro diagnostic medical equipment, taking into account the particularities and specific aspects of this electrical equipment and their electromagnetic environment. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2005 and constitutes a technical revision. It includes the following significant technical change: update of the document with respect to IEC 61326-1:2012.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61326-1:2012.

IEC 61236-2-4:2012 specifies detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria for equipment for insulation monitoring according to IEC 61557-8 and insulation fault location according to IEC 61557-9. This applies to insulation monitoring devices and insulation fault location systems permanently or semi-permanently connected to the distribution system. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006 and constitutes a technical revision. It includes the following significant technical change: update of the document with respect to IEC 61326-1:2012.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61326-1:2012.

IEC 61326-2-3:2012 specifies detailed test configurations, operational conditions and performance criteria for transducers with integrated or remote signal conditioning. It applies only to transducers characterized by their ability to transform, with the aid of an auxiliary energy source, a non-electric quantity to a process-relevant electrical signal, and to output the signal at one or more ports. It includes transducers for electrochemical and biological measured quantities. The transducers covered by this standard may be powered by a.c. or d.c. voltage and/or by battery or with internal power supply. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006. It constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical change with respect to the previous edition: update of the document with respect to IEC 61326-1:2012.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61326-1:2012.

IEC 61326-1:2012 specifies requirements for immunity and emissions regarding electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) for electrical equipment, operating from a supply or battery of less than 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. or from the circuit being measured. Equipment intended for professional, industrial-process, industrial-manufacturing and educational use is covered by this part. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2005. It constitutes a technical revision. The significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition are:
- the immunity test levels and performance criteria have been reviewed;
- requirements for portable test and measurement equipment have been clarified and amended;
- the description of the electromagnetic environments has been improved.

IEC 61508-4:2010 contains the definitions and explanation of terms that are used in parts 1 to 7 of the IEC 61508 series of standards. The definitions are grouped under general headings so that related terms can be understood within the context of each other. However, it should be noted that these headings are not intended to add meaning to the definitions. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages. It has the status of a basic safety publication according to IEC Guide 104.
NEW! Also available:  IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert.
This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.

IEC 61508-1:2010 covers those aspects to be considered when electrical/electronic/programmable electronic (E/E/PE) systems are used to carry out safety functions. A major objective of this standard is to facilitate the development of product and application sector international standards by the technical committees responsible for the product or application sector. This will allow all the relevant factors, associated with the product or application, to be fully taken into account and thereby meet the specific needs of users of the product and the application sector. A second objective of this standard is to enable the development of E/E/PE safety-related systems where product or application sector international standards do not exist. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages. It has the status of a basic safety publication according to IEC Guide 104.
NEW! Also available:  IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert.
This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.

IEC 61508-5:2010 provides information on the underlying concepts of risk and the relationship of risk to safety integrity (see Annex A); a number of methods that will enable the safety integrity levels for the E/E/PE safety-related systems to be determined (see Annexes C, D, E, F and G). The method selected will depend upon the application sector and the specific circumstances under consideration. Annexes C, D, E, F and G illustrate quantitative and qualitative approaches and have been simplified in order to illustrate the underlying principles. These annexes have been included to illustrate the general principles of a number of methods but do not provide a definitive account. Those intending to apply the methods indicated in these annexes should consult the source material referenced. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages.
NEW! Also available:  IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert.
This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.

IEC 61508-6:2010 contains information and guidelines on IEC 61508-2 and IEC 61508 3. Annex A gives a brief overview of the requirements of IEC 61508-2 and IEC 61508-3 and sets out the functional steps in their application. Annex B gives an example technique for calculating the probabilities of hardware failure and should be read in conjunction with 7.4.3 and Annex C of IEC 61508-2 and Annex D. Annex C gives a worked example of calculating diagnostic coverage and should be read in conjunction with Annex C of IEC 61508-2. Annex D gives a methodology for quantifying the effect of hardware-related common cause failures on the probability of failure. Annex E gives worked examples of the application of the software safety integrity tables specified in Annex A of IEC 61508-3 for safety integrity levels 2 and 3. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages.
NEW! Also available:  IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert.
This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.

IEC 61508-2:2010 applies to any safety-related system, as defined by IEC 61508-1, that contains at least:
- one electrical, electronic or programmable electronic element;
- applies to all elements within an E/E/PE safety-related system;
- specifies how to refine the E/E/PE system safety requirements specification, developed in accordance with IEC 61508-1, into the E/E/PE system design requirements specification;
- specifies the requirements for activities that are to be applied during the design and manufacture of the E/E/PE safety-related systems except software, which is dealt with in IEC 61508-3.
These requirements include the application of techniques and measures that:
- are graded against the safety integrity level, for the avoidance of, and control of, faults and failures;
- specifies the information necessary for carrying out the installation, commissioning and final safety validation of the E/E/PE safety-related system;
- provides requirements for the preparation of information and procedures needed by the user for the operation and maintenance of the E/E/PE safety-related systems;
- specifies requirements to be met by the organisation carrying out any modification of the E/E/PE safety-related systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages. It has the status of a basic safety publication according to IEC Guide 104.
NEW! Also available:  IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert.
This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.

IEC 61508-3:2010 applies to any software forming part of a safety-related system or used to develop a safety-related system within the scope of IEC 61508-1 and IEC 61508-2; provides specific requirements applicable to support tools used to develop and configure a safety-related system within the scope of IEC 61508-1 and IEC 61508-2; requires that the software safety functions and software systematic capability are specified; establishes requirements for safety lifecycle phases and activities which shall be applied during the design and development of the safety-related software. These requirements include the application of measures and techniques, which are graded against the required systematic capability, for the avoidance of and control of faults and failures in the software; provides requirements for information relating to the software aspects of system safety validation to be passed to the organisation carrying out the E/E/PE system integration; provides requirements for the preparation of information and procedures concerning software needed by the user for the operation and maintenance of the E/E/PE safety-related system; provides requirements to be met by the organisation carrying out modifications to safety-related software; provides, in conjunction with IEC 61508-1 and IEC 61508-2, requirements for support tools such as development and design tools, language translators, testing and debugging tools, configuration management tools. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages. It has the status of a basic safety publication according to IEC Guide 104.
NEW! Also available:  IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert.
This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.

IEC 61508-7:2010 contains an overview of various safety techniques and measures relevant to IEC 61508-2 and IEC 61508-3.The references should be considered as basic references to methods and tools or as examples, and may not represent the state of the art. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages.
NEW! Also available:  IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert.
This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.

IEC 61512-4:2009 defines a reference model for batch production records containing information about production of batches or elements of batch production. This standard is intended for batch processes.

IEC 61512-3:2008 on Batch Control defines a model for general and site recipes; the activities that describe the use of general and site recipes within a company and across companies; a representation of general and site recipes; and a data model of general and site recipes. This first edition cancels and replaces IEC/PAS 61512-3, published in 2004.

Contains requirements for style and layout and minimum content of detail specifications.