65.020 - Farming and forestry
ICS 65.020 Details
Farming and forestry
Landwirtwirtschaft. Forstwirtschaft
Agriculture et sylviculture
Kmetijstvo in gozdarstvo
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 65.020 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Farming and forestry". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 292 standards classified under ICS 65.020 (Farming and forestry). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document provides guidance to manage cork oak forests in a sustainable way. This document provides orientation for protecting cork oak forest while allowing appropriate use of the resources. It describes practices mainly focused on cork production while promoting cork oak forest regeneration, multiple benefits and mitigating global change. This document also points out practices to avoid or that are forbidden. The information given in this document can be also used for assessing future development of cork oak forests under different management scenarios as a guidance on how trade-offs between different forest functions should be dealt with.
- Technical specification26 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the competencies required of assistance dogs’ professionals. The purpose of this document is to improve and ensure the quality of professionals working in a role within an assistance dog organization. Each speciality of assistance dog requires a specific set of role competencies and there are some common core competencies.
Core competencies in:
- breeding;
- puppy raising;
- dog care;
- assessors;
- orientation and mobility;
- trainers;
- instructors.
Specific competencies to train:
- guide dogs;
- hearing dogs;
- medical alert dogs;
- mobility assistance dogs;
- autism and development disorder dogs;
- team training instructor.
It is accepted that assistance dog organisations vary greatly in structure and not every organization will have all the roles identified. Where one person performs more than one role, it is expected that they will have the competencies of all the roles they perform e.g. a dog trainer may also have the competencies of a dog care specialist. And there will be some organisations where some of these roles are not required, e.g. those with no breeding programme will not require the associated role competencies.
- Standard35 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes a process to measure wood being logged in native tropical forest management areas following an approved and documented plan. Such a process includes quantifying and monitoring the harvested area to support the chain of custody assessment, helping to ensure the origin of the logged wood. Wood volume measurement is outside the scope of this document. This document proposes indicators that can be used to reinforce the level of confidence with regards to the correct origin of the logged wood, particularly when assessing the transport and commercial documentation of wood-based products, by means of a consistency check with what can be observed as occurring in the forest area declared as the origin of native tropical timber. The indicators will serve as an alert of any eventual inconsistency detected. These indicators are obtained by means of standardized metrics. These metrics are mathematical models that establish a correlation between the area of subtracted vegetation – detected through remote sensing monitoring tools – and the number of extracted trees that generate the amount of declared logged wood. This document is intended to be used to quantify the impact resulting from native vegetation extraction by selective logging in various tropical forest regions of the world, in order to support the long-term maintenance of these forest assets. The scope of this document is limited to native tropical forests, i.e. forests naturally originated and formed by native species (or group) in tropical regions. This document does not apply to planted forests, regardless of the species (or group) being native or exotic, as those forests are subject to varied and particular management practices which depend on the geographical conditions and rules of the country in which they are located. Regarding the limitations of this document, it is not intended to ensure: exact origin (geographical coordinates) of each log; exact volumes of wood extracted from the forest; species (or group) of wood harvested; chain of custody compliance; social and labour compliance of the audited operation; tax compliance of the audited operation. This document does not focus on, and is not oriented towards, biomass and carbon-balance estimations. This document does not cover any aspects of sustainable forest management and focuses on measurement procedures described above. In addition, it is not intended to be a Management Systems Standard (MSS). Furthermore, the national legal requirements and international policies are not repeated in this document, including those related to sustainability aspects, as well as those related to traditional and indigenous communities contained in the principles/articles of the UN Declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the competencies required of assistance dogs’ professionals. The purpose of this document is to improve and ensure the quality of professionals working in a role within an assistance dog organization. Each speciality of assistance dog requires a specific set of role competencies and there are some common core competencies.
Core competencies in:
- breeding;
- puppy raising;
- dog care;
- assessors;
- orientation and mobility;
- trainers;
- instructors.
Specific competencies to train:
- guide dogs;
- hearing dogs;
- medical alert dogs;
- mobility assistance dogs;
- autism and development disorder dogs;
- team training instructor.
It is accepted that assistance dog organisations vary greatly in structure and not every organization will have all the roles identified. Where one person performs more than one role, it is expected that they will have the competencies of all the roles they perform e.g. a dog trainer may also have the competencies of a dog care specialist. And there will be some organisations where some of these roles are not required, e.g. those with no breeding programme will not require the associated role competencies.
- Standard35 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the operating procedures for chicken slaughtering.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the management and control of cashmere goat farming and herding in the supply chain. This includes proper use of rangelands and pastures, housing and/or nomadic production system, reproduction, feeding, breeding and health, cashmere harvesting, labelling and traceability of fibre and herds.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard28 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document defines requirements for the training of assistance dogs. Assistance dogs can be trained by structured programmes/schools, owner-trained under supervision or owner-trainers.
Specifically, this document deals with the following topics:
— preparation of assistance dogs;
— socialization and/or puppy raising of assistance dogs;
— training of assistance dogs;
— guide dogs;
— hearing dogs;
— mobility assistance dogs;
— Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) assistance dogs;
— medical alert/response assistance dogs;
— developmental disorder assistance dogs;
— multi-purpose assistance dogs.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
The purpose of this document is to protect the welfare of assistance dogs. For this, it sets out requirements based on the Five Domains Model to ensure the dog’s welfare.
The requirements apply:
— throughout the whole life of the dog;
— for all types of assistance dogs, breeding dogs, puppies and retired dogs;
— for all people/caregivers/handlers who are entrusted with a dog at any point during its lifetime.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
The purpose of this document is to protect the welfare of assistance dogs. For this, it sets out requirements based on the Five Domains Model to ensure the dog’s welfare.
The requirements apply:
— throughout the whole life of the dog;
— for all types of assistance dogs, breeding dogs, puppies and retired dogs;
— for all people/caregivers/handlers who are entrusted with a dog at any point during its lifetime.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines requirements for the training of assistance dogs. Assistance dogs can be trained by structured programmes/schools, owner-trained under supervision or owner-trainers.
Specifically, this document deals with the following topics:
— preparation of assistance dogs;
— socialization and/or puppy raising of assistance dogs;
— training of assistance dogs;
— guide dogs;
— hearing dogs;
— mobility assistance dogs;
— Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) assistance dogs;
— medical alert/response assistance dogs;
— developmental disorder assistance dogs;
— multi-purpose assistance dogs.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides the means of evaluating the performance of ISO 11784- and ISO 11785-conformant radiofrequency identification (RFID) transponders used in the individual identification of animals. It defines procedures of measuring technical parameters characterizing the performance of transponders. In Annex B an explanation is given how to interpret these parameters and how to link them to infield requirements.
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This document specifies a test method for evaluating the effect of fine bubble water on the growth promotion of hydroponically grown lettuce by estimating the incremental gain in mass of the stems and leaves over a specified growth period.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides a methodology for calculating the carbon balance of (a) forest management unit(s) (FMU). This quantification methodology is intended to demonstrate to what extent carbon pools in the FMU represent a net greenhouse gas sink or a net greenhouse gas source. This document provides information that can be used on organizational or aggregated product levels. This calculation methodology considers: — the geographical scale of the FMU; — forest management practices; — land ownership arrangements; — time periods; — the use of forest inventory data and other data sources for determining the forest carbon balance; and — allocation of forest carbon balance to wood that has been sourced in FMU(s). Greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels or industrial processes related to forestry operations (e.g. production and distribution of fertilizers, fuels for machinery) are not included in this document. NOTE 1 Greenhouse gas emissions related to forestry operations are covered in ISO 13391-1. The quantity of wood entering the harvested wood products carbon pool is not included in this document. NOTE 2 Material entering the harvested wood products carbon pool is calculated in ISO 13391-1. This document is intended to be used by organizations seeking to understand, commit to or contribute to climate change mitigation. These organizations can be either private or public, regardless of type or size, and located in any jurisdiction or any position within a specific value chain.
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This document specifies the structure of the radio-frequency (RF) identification code for animals.
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This document specifies requirements and recommendations for the accessibility of public and private spaces and universal access for assistance dog teams in an active status.
The accessibility requirements and recommendations for assistance dog teams in this document are applicable across the full spectrum of the built environment both indoor and outdoor (e.g. social service, medical and educational facilities, public institutions, cultural venues, sporting venues, hotel accommodation, public transport, parks, nature reserves).
The purpose of this document is to improve the accessibility for assistance dog teams ensuring their rights under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, so that they have the same opportunities as all citizens and can participate independently in all areas of life.
This document provides:
- specific requirements of assistance dog teams to support accessibility and to achieve universal access;
- responsibilities of assistance dog teams to enhance the public acceptance of assistance dogs;
- guidance for specific services and areas to be accessed;
- guidance for the implementation of accessibility measures at public and private bodies responsible for the built environment including transport and travel systems.
This document includes all private spaces where the public are generally admitted, or where the public can be accommodated (e.g. office buildings, waiting rooms, common areas of apartment buildings).
This document can be applied to improve accessibility of assistance dog teams in the workplace.
This document can be applied to assistance dogs in training and puppies preparing for an assistance dog role.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and recommendations for the accessibility of public and private spaces and universal access for assistance dog teams in an active status.
The accessibility requirements and recommendations for assistance dog teams in this document are applicable across the full spectrum of the built environment both indoor and outdoor (e.g. social service, medical and educational facilities, public institutions, cultural venues, sporting venues, hotel accommodation, public transport, parks, nature reserves).
The purpose of this document is to improve the accessibility for assistance dog teams ensuring their rights under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, so that they have the same opportunities as all citizens and can participate independently in all areas of life.
This document provides:
- specific requirements of assistance dog teams to support accessibility and to achieve universal access;
- responsibilities of assistance dog teams to enhance the public acceptance of assistance dogs;
- guidance for specific services and areas to be accessed;
- guidance for the implementation of accessibility measures at public and private bodies responsible for the built environment including transport and travel systems.
This document includes all private spaces where the public are generally admitted, or where the public can be accommodated (e.g. office buildings, waiting rooms, common areas of apartment buildings).
This document can be applied to improve accessibility of assistance dog teams in the workplace.
This document can be applied to assistance dogs in training and puppies preparing for an assistance dog role.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the terms and definitions that apply to:
— different types of assistance dogs;
— the beneficiary and client services;
— health and disabilities;
— assistance dog service providers;
— assistance dog training staff and related professionals;
— the socialization and training processes;
— conformity assessment, identification and registration;
— accessibility.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the terms and definitions that apply to:
— different types of assistance dogs;
— the beneficiary and client services;
— health and disabilities;
— assistance dog service providers;
— assistance dog training staff and related professionals;
— the socialization and training processes;
— conformity assessment, identification and registration;
— accessibility.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance on the characteristics and best practices of a professional farmer organization. This document is applicable to commercially oriented farmer organizations. It does not apply to purely socially oriented farmer organizations or individual farmers. It provides a common standard of professionalism for commercially oriented farmer organizations, which can serve as guidance to inform, harmonize, and complement existing and future organizational development and assessment processes. This document is applicable to large and small farmer organizations, without regard to the number of members, volume of business, output or capital investment, nor to the specific crop or product. It can also be applicable, when adapted, for very small or nascent organizations, for specific or differentiated products or for markets with special requirements. It does not address every capacity or aspect of professionalism that can be of importance to a specific customer or market, nor imply the need for uniformity in organizational type or structure.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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- Standard13 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides practical data collection of promoting the germination of typical vegetable seeds by applying ultrafine bubbles (UFBs) within the effective number concentrations for barley seeds specified in ISO 23016-2, ISO/TR 23016-3 and ISO 23016-4. While the application of UFB to barley seeds is systematically standardized, reports on UFB application to vegetable seeds germination are scattered worldwide. Therefore, this document intends to illustrate the effectiveness of UFBs to promote the germination of vegetable seeds depending on their response to light, i.e.: a) require light to germinate (positive photoblastic), b) require darkness to germinate (negative photoblastic), and c) neutral to light.
- Technical report21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 As patient use of cannabis and hemp for medical purposes increases and medical professionals are increasingly called upon to provide medical advice, the following requirements and expectations within the medical profession are increasingly significant, requiring:
5.1.1 Availability by patients to qualified medical professionals who can provide safe and objective advice on the medical use of cannabis and hemp,
5.1.2 Clarity by medical professionals on the legal restrictions in their area of jurisdiction to ensure compliance, and
5.1.3 Development of qualified training and certificate programs to ensure safe and quality healthcare for patients.
5.2 The primary objectives of this guide are as follows:
5.2.1 Provide a general overview of the BoK required for the professions listed in Section 7; and
5.2.2 Provide recommendations to form the foundation for training and subsequent recognition/certificate systems that enable consumers, employers, organizational management, government agencies, and others who rely upon medical professionals to distinguish between qualified and non-qualified workers.
5.2.3 Recommend requirements that agencies can use to develop and document the specific criteria used for training or certificate programs.
5.3 Users of this guide shall document deviations from the recommended requirements to inform their clients of the criteria applied in either the training or the certificate programs offered. As the cannabis and hemp industries and medical guidelines mature, this guide will be updated to reflect current thinking and requirements.
5.4 The Bok elements are applicable to certificate programs, while the BoK, experiential and educational elements are applicable to certification process requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide can provide certification bodies, training providers, employers, and certificate issuers, with best-practice guidance for administering their respective programs for medical-related professions within the cannabis and hemp industries.
1.2 This guide recommends requirements for experience, training, education, and the body of knowledge (BoK) necessary for medical-related professions within the cannabis and hemp industries listed in Table 1.
1.3 For purposes of this guide, a medical professional is defined as a person qualified and licensed as required by the jurisdiction to provide guidance or recommendations regarding a person's health or fitness.
1.4 This guide provides recommendations for articulating professional requirements for training and education or earning certificates. It is part of a series of guides denoting certification requirements for professions within the cannabis and hemp industries (Guides D8346, D8347, D8348), and supporting Practice D8403 for associated certificate programs.
1.5 This guide's content does not supersede requirements for training or earning a certificate defined by jurisdictional entities such as government or other regional regulatory bodies.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Guide4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the quality and grading of expanded shale, clay and slate (ESCS) for use as a mineral component of growing media and drainage layer for extensive and intensive vegetative (green) roof systems. ESCS is a lightweight, highly porous and low-density ceramic material produced by expanding and vitrifying select shale, clay or slate in a rotary kiln. The requirements are intended to cover only materials having normal or average gradation characteristics. This specification also describes the materials and manufacture, as well as physical and chemical properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the quality and grading of the following materials for use as a mineral component of growing media and drainage layer for extensive and intensive vegetative (green) roof systems. The requirements are intended to cover only materials having normal or average gradation characteristics. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for evaluating the performance nutrients associated with vegetative (green) roof growing media. Where other materials are to be used, appropriate limits suitable to their use must be specified.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method to assess the ultrafine bubble (UFB) number concentration in order to find whether the number concentration of UFB generated by users is in the adequate range for promoting the barley seed germination stably irrespective of seed variety conforming to ISO 23016-2 and ISO/TR 23016-3.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the effect of an ECP on seed germination and initial plant growth in a controlled environment.
5.2 The results of this test can be used to compare ECPs and other erosion control materials to determine which are the most effective at encouraging the growth of vegetation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers guidelines, requirements, and procedures for evaluating the effect of Erosion Control Products (ECPs) on seed germination and vegetation enhancement.
1.2 This test method will evaluate the effects of both rolled erosion control products (RECPs) and hydraulically-applied erosion control products (HECPs) on seed germination in a controlled environment.
1.3 This test method utilizes bench-scale testing procedures and shall not be interpreted as indicative of field performance.
1.4 This test method is not intended to replace full-scale simulation or field testing in acquisition of performance values that are required in the design of erosion control measures utilizing RECPs and HECPs.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical evaluation of an inorganic soil containing a limited amount of organic material, relative to its use as topsoil for landscaping and horticultural purposes in construction. Though the presence of the correct nutrients and pH status in the soil is necessary for healthy plant growth, this specification, however, does not address either the determination or the availability of such properties. When physically evaluating soil relative to its suitability to support plant growth (primarily grasses), tests must be made to determine the presence and the amount of organic matter, inorganic matter (sand, silt, and clay), and deleterious materials (rocks, gravel, slag, cinder, roots, and sod). The apparatuses required here are sieves and containers, balances, and a muffle furnace.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a physical evaluation of a soil containing organic material, relative to its use as a topsoil for vegetative growth purposes in landscaping and construction. For classification, a full agricultural textural classification may be used. Soils being evaluated for use as a topsoil must meet the requirements in Table 1.
1.2 When physically evaluating a soil, relative to its suitability to support plant growth (primarily grasses), tests must be made to determine the presence and the amount of organic matter, moisture content, inorganic matter (sand, silt and clay), pH, salt content, cation exchange capacity percentages and deleterious materials.
1.3 The presence in the soil of the correct nutrients, salts, and pH is necessary for healthy plant growth. This specification does not cover a determination of the nutrients, nor their availability.
1.4 Typical ranges of topsoil composition are presented in Table 1. Soils falling within these ranges will generally form a suitable topsoil. Soils being used as a topsoil with organic matter contents between 10 and 90 %, may need to be amended prior to use. It must, however, be recognized that in some geographic regions, achieving the values in Table 1 could be difficult. In such cases, alternative specifications may need to be considered, or an engineered soilamendment meeting the requirements in Table 1 excluding the sand, silt, and clay content as those materials will come from the subsurface soil being amended. When using an engineered soil amendment, the organic matter values need to be >75 % to help rebuild the subsoil layers.
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this test method.
1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations is...
- Technical specification3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Light penetration may be used to control the quality of many RECPs. Light penetration has not been proven to relate to field performance for all materials.
5.2 The light penetration of RECPs may vary considerably, depending on the composite materials used in the matrix of the mat or due to inconsistency within a given mat. To minimize variation, specific sample size and procedures are indicated in this test method to help ensure comparable results.
5.3 This test method may be used to determine the effect of different composite materials and makeup of RECPs on the penetration of light.
5.4 This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of RECPs. Comparative tests as directed in 5.4.1 may be advisable.
5.4.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. At a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are formed from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two begun. If bias is found, either its cause must be corrected, or the purchaser and supplier must agree upon the known bias.
Note 1: The light penetration has no definitive relationship to the amount of ground cover provided by a RECP, as the amount of light penetration may include light passing through translucent elements or light deflecting off of elements of the RECP structure. Thus, this test method is not intended to be used to determine a...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measuring the amount of light that penetrates through a rolled erosion control product.
1.2 This test method does not provide light penetration values for RECPs under variable normal sun and soil conditions. This test method determines nominal light penetration.
1.3 This test method is not to be used to determine a percent ground cover value for RECPs, as the amount of light penetration may include light passing through translucent material or reflecting off surfaces.
1.4 The values stated as a percentage are to be regarded as the standard. The values provided in footcandles are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the cannabis industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.
1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which Committee D37 is responsible it is included only when judged, after review by Subcommittee D37.91, to be a generally usable term.
1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published by other ASTM committees or other standards organizations are identified with the committee number (for example, D20) or with the abbreviation of the name of the organization (for example, IUPAC, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussions.
1.5 Definitions are followed by the committee responsible for the standard(s) (for example, [D37.01]) and standard designation(s) in which they are used (for example, D8219).
1.6 Abbreviated Terminology:
1.6.1 Abbreviated terminology is intended to provide uniform contractions of terms relating to cannabis that have evolved through widespread common usage. The compilation in this standard has been prepared to avoid the occurrence of more than one abbreviated term for a given cannabis term and to avoid multiple meanings for abbreviated terms.
1.6.2 The abbreviated terminology and descriptions in this standard are intended to be consistent with usage in the cannabis industry and the standards under D37 jurisdiction. Other ASTM committees may assign a different word-phrase description to the same abbreviated terminology. In such cases, the abbreviated terms in this standard shall apply to usage in D37 standards, or if widespread misunderstanding could result from conflicting abbreviated terminology descriptions, the abbreviated terminology for the word-phrase shall not be used in D37 standards.
1.6.3 Acronyms and Initialisms—A word formed from the letters or parts of words of a longer word-phrase, usually from the initial letters or parts of the words. An acronym is pronounced as a word (for example, radar for radio detection and ranging). An initialism is pronounced as a series of letters (for example, DOT for Department of Transportation).
1.6.4 The acronym or initialism description is the origin word-phrase for the acronym or initialism, not a definition.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine if the turf reinforcement mat meets specifications for mass per unit area. This test method can be used for quality control to determine specimen conformance. This measurement allows for a simple control of the delivered material by a comparison of the mass per unit area of the delivered material and the specified mass per unit area.
5.2 The procedure in this test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, but caution is advised since information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests in accordance with 5.2.1 are advisable.
5.2.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using the procedures in this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the manufacturer should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. At a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimen should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate Student’s t-test and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the manufacturer must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an index to the determination of mass per unit area of all turf reinforcement mats.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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IEC 60335-2-71:2018 deals with the safety of all kinds of electrical heating appliances used for livestock rearing and breeding, such as: heat-radiating appliances, electrical sitting-hens, incubators, chicken breeding units and heating plates for animals, the rated voltage of the appliances being not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances and 480 V for other appliances. This standard applies to heating appliances used for livestock rearing and breeding that include an electrical motor. This standard does not apply to: - appliances designed exclusively for industrial purposes; - appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas); - heating units embedded in the floor; - flexible sheet heating elements for room heating (IEC 60335-2-96); - room heaters (IEC 60335-2-30). This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2002, its Amendment 1 (2007) and its Amendment 2 (2012). This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - two paragraphs are deleted (Introduction); - normative references updated (Clause 2); - colour required for symbols (7.6); - some notes converted to normative text (19.2, 21.101, 22.104).
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Product wastage will be reduced if spoilage is avoided or the potential for spoilage is identified earlier in the process. High moisture can result in conditions favorable to microbial growth, mold, and conditions leading to rancidity.
4.2 Testing for moisture content can assist in proactively managing damage to seed before it is not rectifiable or provide information to retarget seed to other feasible by-product streams.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide can be used by hemp farmers, hemp seed processing companies, and hemp agricultural extension agents to help manage against potential seed spoilage during storage.
1.2 This applies to broadacre production of hemp seed intended for human consumption.
1.3 This guide does not apply to hemp plants grown indoors or for purposes other than for harvesting of hemp seed intended for food within outdoor production conditions.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The sample preparation procedure for comminution impacts other downstream processes such as extraction and sonication, which ultimately affects the total analytical error (TAE) and measurement uncertainty.
5.2 Factors that may influence the sample preparation process include the prevention of cross-contamination (carryover) from a prior sample and an inadequate cleaning procedure between preparation of samples, poor sample handling, storage (sample preservation), and moisture content (drying methods) of plant material being greater than 15 % (15). Samples with high moisture content are hard to process completely and may yield lower analyte (that is, cannabinoid) concentration during extraction and further processing. Lastly, water activity Specification D8197 is recommended, activity (aw) range (0.55 to 0.65) for dry cannabis or hemp flower or both.
5.3 There are many different types of hardware technologies that address the comminution of dried cannabis or hemp; however, the list of devices is exhaustive and thus beyond the scope of this guide. See Table 3 and Table 4 (16-18) for a summary of different milling technologies. Distinctions among various pieces of equipment often relate to the type, mass, and size/shape of the sample (dry, fibrous) for which each is most effective. In addition, there may be economic reasons for mill selection, that is, the sample throughput of the testing laboratory (number of samples per day), access to cryogenics, and sample mass requirements.
5.4 In addition to sampling devices, this guide does not include the sample preparation of edibles, tinctures, oils/concentrates, beverages, and so forth in which the sample diversity poses significant sample preparation challenges to be put forward in additional work items.
5.5 The sample size for comminution purposes is limited as the analytical testing portion required is often 500 times smaller than the bulk sample lot and not every testing laboratory is equipped to handl...
SCOPE
1.1 In this guide, the basic steps in obtaining a test portion sample of either dried cannabis/hemp inflorescence are outlined.
1.2 Sample preparation depends on many factors including moisture (dryness) of the sample, the analyte to be measured, the concentrations/amounts, and the test method's precision and accuracy requirements. In this case, dried cannabis or hemp plant material require particle size reduction-comminution from a representative sample of which the final analytical testing portion is determined by the employed testing method. Local regulatory guidelines often dictate both the representative sample that is taken from the bulk material (harvest batch) and the final mass of the test portion (for example
1.3 This guide will not purport to meet every local and state jurisdiction since different regulatory requirements vary; the local/state requirements are at the discretion of the user to follow and interpret.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a minimum level of protection and safety for buildings or parts thereof, which are used for the commercial cultivation, specific to processing of cannabis plants and cannabis products, and ancillary activities associated with cannabis plants and cannabis products. This document specifies a minimum level of safety for the installation of devices, equipment, and systems used for cannabis cultivation, processing, and ancillary activities and addresses the risks of fire, electric shock, injury to persons, and explosion associated with these devices, equipment and systems. This document includes minimum considerations for training of personnel and equipment maintenance. This document specifies direction for the safe methods of extracting oil from cannabis plants, including but not limited to, initial extraction and post-processing refinement. Where buildings or premises combine cultivation and processing of cannabis plants, including ancillary activities along with other operational activities, the requirements of this document are intended to apply to only that portion of the facility. NOTE In many cases, a building or facility can be used for both the cultivation of cannabis plants and processing of cannabis products, along with a retail store front, call centre, or office administration space. Where such joint use activities are present in a common building, it is possible that local building or fire codes can require the installation or extension of certain life safety systems, such as fire alarm and fire sprinklers. This document does not address the following: — general building construction features that are normally a function of applicable codes; — premises used exclusively for operational activities such as office space, call centres, and retail outlets, used for the distribution, marketing, or sale of cannabis; — any use of the cannabis plant or cannabis products; — the physiological or other attributes or effects that can result from the use of this equipment; — the transportation of cannabis or cannabis related products; — occupational health and safety requirements governing cannabis workers and personnel except as specifically identified in this document; — security of the supply chain monitoring system, including cybersecurity and notifications; — outdoor grow area (including cannabis and industrial hemp). NOTE 1 Shipping and receiving of products from the production facility for further distribution are not considered as a retail outlet. NOTE 2 This document is not intended to apply to facilities that are used exclusively for operational activities such as selling, marketing, or other business administrative purposes. This can include but not be limited to, retail rental space, call centres, or other facilities that are not combined with cultivation and ancillary activities associated with the growing, processing, and storage of cannabis plants and cannabis products. All requirements in this document are generic and intended to be applicable to all organizations in the cannabis supply chain, regardless of size and/or complexity.
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This document specifies requirements and recommendations for organizations directly or indirectly involved in the cannabis supply chain, to enable them to: — plan, implement, operate, maintain and update a good production practice programme for providing products that are safe, according to their intended use; — demonstrate compliance with applicable statutory and regulatory requirements; — evaluate and assess mutually agreed customer requirements and demonstrate conformity to them; — effectively communicate with interested parties and demonstrate conformity to relevant interested parties; — demonstrate conformity to stated policies in a cannabis quality programme (CQP) for product safety, product quality, product security and facility safety; — support the evaluation of quality programmes by external organizations or to permit self-assessment or self-declaration of adherence to some or all of the guidance contained in this document. All requirements in this document are generic and intended to be applicable to all organizations in the cannabis supply chain, regardless of size and/or complexity. Organizations that are directly or indirectly involved include (but are not limited to) growers/cultivators, harvesters, primary processors, producers of cannabis, manufacturers of cannabis derivatives, cannabis edibles and/or cannabis products, testing providers, retailers and organizations providing transportation, storage and distribution services, suppliers of equipment, packaging materials and other contact materials. This document intended to enable any organization, including small and/or less developed organizations, to implement externally developed elements in its CQP. NOTE 1 Organizations in the cannabis supply chain are diverse in nature and not all the requirements specified in this document apply to each establishment or process. Justifications for exclusions or the use of alternative measures can be documented by a risk assessment/hazard analysis or other appropriate means. This document provides guidance related to the following categories of cannabis, cannabis derivatives and cannabis products: — cannabis plant seeds; — cannabis plants; — fresh cannabis; — dried cannabis; — cannabis derivatives; — cannabis topicals; — inhalable cannabis. NOTE 2 Annex B provides additional guidance on applying GPP to cannabis edibles with respect to requirements and recommendations in existing food safety standards. Where buildings or premises combine cultivation and processing of cannabis plants, including ancillary activities, along with other operational activities, the requirements and recommendations in this document apply only to that portion of the facility. NOTE 3 Where joint use activities are present in a common building, specific statutory and regulatory requirements can apply for each category. This document does not address the following: — requirements related to research and development activities for finished products; — general fire prevention or building construction features that are normally a function of local building and fire codes where applicable; — premises used exclusively for operational activities, such as office space, call centres and retail outlets, used for the distribution, marketing, or sale of cannabis; NOTE 4 Shipping and receiving of products from the production facility for further distribution are not considered as a retail outlet. — the safe consumption or use of the cannabis or cannabis products produced by organizations applying these good production practices; — occupational health and safety requirements governing cannabis workers and personnel except as identified in A.8.4 and A.8.6; — the protection of the environment; — security of the supply chain monitoring system, including cybersecurity and notifications; NOTE 5 Security and monitoring of the supply chain are dealt with specifically in IWA 37-2. — outdoor cultivation of cannabis and industrial hemp; — gr
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This document specifies minimum requirements for the security of sites and facilities that handle cannabis and cannabis products for the purposes of cultivation (indoor and outdoor), processing, storage/distribution, transportation, retail sales, and research and testing, in order to prevent harm and/or unauthorized access to assets including (but not limited to): — physical assets; — personnel; — cannabis and cannabis products; — records and information. NOTE Premises covered in this document include indoor and outdoor cultivation, processing/production facilities and retail stores. The overall security programme and individual security measures addressed in this document incorporate three types: a) physical controls; b) technical controls; c) administrative controls. This document specifies minimum requirements for general security of cannabis and cannabis products, up to and including: — physical security design/measures intended to deny, deter, delay, respond to, and recover from unauthorized access; — design, installation and maintenance of electronic security systems intended to restrict access, detect intrusion and visually monitor/record activity in security-sensitive areas; — procedural security measures intended to instruct day-to-day security activities, both routine and emergency, across an organization; — personnel security measures intended to ensure all personnel attending the facility are properly screened, instructed and trained in security awareness; — the monitoring of the security status of cannabis and cannabis products throughout the product lifecycle, from cultivation to retail sale, including transportation. This document provides guidelines for: — the installation, maintenance and inspection of physical and electronic premises security and cybersecurity systems; — the implementation of information security governance at organizational level to include policies, procedures, and standards to protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of records and information. All requirements in this document are generic and intended to be applicable to all organizations in the cannabis supply chain, regardless of size and/or complexity.
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This document specifies an extensible communication system concept and defines rules for adding new functionalities to cover specific use cases.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is designed for use on cannabis flower by cannabis producers, processors, dispensers, testing laboratories, and end users. aw testing at any point in the supply chain is an important element in ensuring the safety and quality of cannabis flower. Testing can occur spontaneously at any point in the supply chain by regulatory agencies, suppliers, and customers.
5.2 This practice is an important endpoint in determining whether a cannabis flower sample is being stored under optimal storage conditions (see Specification D8197).
5.3 Analysis of water activity should be considered an important quality control step in ensuring a cannabis flower sample is being stored under optimal storage conditions to prevent mold and/or other microbiological growth and/or breakage.
5.4 Maintaining the requisite aw throughout the supply chain from completion of drying through merchandising ensures safety and quality for the consumer.
5.5 Water activity is used in many cases as a critical control point for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) programs. Controlling aw should not be seen as a kill step.5 Rather control of aw focuses on preventing the growth and proliferation of microorganisms.
5.6 This practice is designed for use by trained technical individuals with minimal knowledge of complex analytical chemistry procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the recommended procedure for determining the water activity (aw) of a cannabis flower sample.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Water activity is a ratio, and thus is without unit designation.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification prescribes the recommended range of water activity (aw) suitable for safe and efficacious storage of cannabis flowers or portions thereof. Water activity (aw) is defined as the partial vapor pressure of water in a substance divided by the partial vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature, which can be calculated by dividing the partial vapor pressure of water in the substance by the partial vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature. This describes quantitatively the capability of the cannabis flower in a sealed container to affect the humidity of the container's headspace air. aw shall be less than 0.65 to ensure against undesirable growth of microorganisms such as mold, and shall be greater than 0.55 to ensure against physical damage (breakage) in routine handling and storage. If aw exceeds 0.68, further drying of the cannabis flower(s) shall be required to ensure that the aw is in the range 0.55–0.65. If aw is less than 0.68, co-storage with a salt-based aw (relative humidity) control sachet(s) designed to maintain the relative humidity between 0.55 to 0.65 can effectively bring the stored cannabis flower(s) into the specified 0.55–0.65 range. Storing cannabis flower with appropriately designed aw (relative humidity) salt-based control sachets intended to ensure a relative humidity of 0.55 to 0.65 in sealed containers can maintain the optimum storage conditions.
Maintaining the requisite aw throughout the supply chain from completion of drying through merchandising ensures safety and quality for the consumer.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the recommended range of aw suitable for safe and efficacious storage of cannabis flowers or portions thereof.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended to be used by cannabis or hemp operators, or both, to establish good supplier lifecycle management practices.
4.1.1 Without proper oversight, the quality and reliability of supplied materials, equipment, parts, software, or services can degrade. This can create issues that directly impact the operation's performance and remain undetected until customers experience a problem.
4.1.2 Early identification and mitigation of risks within the supply chain are crucial to controlling costs and minimizing potential impacts on operations, customer experience, and business reputation. In general, costs are reduced when issues are prevented early and upstream in the supply chain.
4.2 This practice applies to the cannabis or hemp horticulture, agriculture, processing, manufacturing, testing, and distribution operators and the many suppliers that provide materials, equipment, parts, software, or services to these operations.
4.3 This practice provides operations and consultants supporting operations with the actions required to implement good supply and supplier management practices.
4.4 Any supply chain operator can use this practice to conduct an internal gap assessment and risk analysis to identify opportunities for improvement.
4.5 Certification bodies can use the standard to develop supplier audit programs.
4.6 Section 5 provides details on the supplier lifecycle management process that includes the following seven activities:
4.6.1 Supply and supplier information management.
4.6.2 Supply identification and specifications.
4.6.3 Supplier options, evaluation, and selection.
4.6.4 Supplier onboarding.
4.6.5 Supplier performance and risk management.
4.6.6 Supplier relationship management.
4.6.7 Supplier offboarding.
4.7 To implement supplier management, follow the process in Sections 5 and 6. Start by applying the principles in this practice to a few supplies and suppliers and work through all of the step...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides cannabis or hemp operations, or both, with methods, procedures, responsibilities, and criteria for supplier management practices to reliably receive supplies that meet specifications. Effective supplier management includes clear concise communication and comprehension between departments and business functions, that is, marketing, finance, operations, supply requirement analysis, supplier assessment or audits, supplier selection, backup suppliers, and supply/supplier information management.
1.2 In this practice, the term cannabis can be substituted with the term hemp. This practice applies to industrial hemp operations, CBD operations, and as referred to by several authorities having jurisdiction, licensed marijuana operations.
1.3 This practice provides a process for supplier management in Section 5 and criteria for supplier evaluation in Section 6.
1.4 Nothing in this practice shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive or have different requirements.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended as a starting place for those wishing to investigate the chemical compatibility of the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner to test liquids. Within the scope of this guide, the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner that is chemically compatible with a test liquid may be expected to maintain its swelling characteristics. Conversely, the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner that is incompatible with a test liquid may be expected not to maintain its swelling characteristics. In instances where the compatibility of the clay portion of a GCL is questionable, additional hydraulic testing under the expected site conditions may be warranted.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures and test methods that can be used in the evaluation of the ability of the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner to resist change due to exposure to liquids. These liquids may come from a site, or be generated in a laboratory from a site-specific soil.
1.2 The scope of this guide is limited to short-term screening and is not intended to replace evaluation procedures that measure a performance property such as EPA 9100, Test Method D6766, or other suitable ASTM standards as they become available. This guide does not address potential adverse effects of wet-dry cycling.
1.3 This guide applies to the clay component of a GCL. The swell index and fluid loss tests referenced in Section 8 may not be applicable to clay with polymer or other chemical treatment. However, the flux tests referenced in Section 9 are applicable to clay with polymer or other chemical treatment. It is acknowledged that some use the swell index or fluid loss procedure, or both, on clay with polymer or other chemical treatment. However, such use of the standard would be considered a modification of the procedure and must be reported as such. The synthetic carrier components are covered independently as described in Practice D5322.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 GCLs must be properly manufactured in a manner consistent with a minimum level of quality control as determined by in-house testing of the final product. This practice suggests the types of tests, the methods of the testing, and the minimum testing frequencies.
MD = machine direction.
CD = cross-machine direction.
Minimum = lowest result for the produced lot from which the supplied rolls were selected.
Maximum = highest result for the produced lot from which the supplied rolls were selected.
n/a = not applicable. (A) The tests on the bentonite are to be performed on the as-received material before fabrication into the GCL product.(B) Cert letter from component manufacturer or QA from GCL manufacturer, or both. Cert letters must arrive and be checked before the components are used for the GCL production.(C) If the moisture content from the bentonite added during production did not change, the mass per unit area and moisture content of the bentonite (evaluated according to 1.3 in Table 1) can be used to determine the values of the finished GCL product.(D) Components from finished GCL product should not be separated and tested, because the production process may alter the properties of the components.(E) MARV–minimum average roll value, only evaluated for a one-year production period with an average value minus 2 standard deviations. If the production period is less than one year, for example, for job-specific products, a MARV value may not be able to be evaluated, then the minimum value shall be reported.(F) Dried bentonite should be defined as 0 % moisture content.(G) Internal shear testing (Test Method D6243/D6243M) may be applicable to quality control of the bonding strength of non-needle-punched reinforced and stitch-bonded GCLs.(H) This test is not applicable for multi-component GCLs (for example, products with geomembrane backing(s), geofilm backing(s), or polymer backing(s)).
4.2 It should be clearly recognized that manufacturers may perf...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests, the proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.
1.2 This practice is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers, purchasers, and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level of effort for manufacturing quality control.
1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing. These are independent activities taken by organizations other than the GCL manufacturer.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Medical and/or recreational marijuana (cannabis) has been legalized for adult use in many countries and states within the USA (5). Many jurisdictions that permit the use of medicinal and recreational marijuana require testing of cannabis and associated products to ensure safety from contaminants, especially the toxic “big four” elements such as As, Cd, Hg, and Pb (6), and other metals worthy of consideration (6). These heavy metals can accumulate in plants grown in polluted soils or contamination can occur during the manufacturing process (7). In addition to ensuring product safety, the analysis of mineral and other trace elements is required for labeling purposes when these products are sold as nutritional supplements. Trace element analysis of plant and nutritional supplement materials is a well-established application (8). Following acidic digestion to break down the plant-based samples' primary components, ICP-MS is often used for quantitative analysis because of its multi-element capability, high sensitivity, speed, robustness, and wide dynamic range.
5.2 This test method covers the rapid determination of multiple elements in cannabis sample digests. The elements include the priority toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb), as well as elements required by some states and elements of interest in the cannabis community (V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Sb, Ba, Se, Ag, Na, Al, K, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Tl, Th, and U). Irrespective of the number of elements being measured, test times are approximately a few minutes per test specimen, and detectability for most elements is in the low- to sub-ppb range.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method uses inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine multiple trace elements in cannabis and cannabis-related matrices following sample preparation using microwave-assisted acid digestion. This test method is applicable to the quantification of trace levels of elements in dried plant materials, concentrates, oils, extracts, tinctures of cannabis and cannabis-related products. Other matrices may be added provided that the lab validates the extra matrices using Practice D8282. Details are provided on the validation of both the sample preparation procedure and analytical method using certified reference materials (CRMs) and validation of the analytical method using spike recovery testing of several cannabis based samples.
1.2 This test method should be used by analysts experienced in the use of microwave digestion and ICP-MS, matrix interferences, and procedures for their correction or reduction, and should only be used by personnel trained in the handling, preparation, and analysis of samples for the determination of trace elements in cannabis and cannabis products (1).2 This test method was developed using a single quadrupole ICP-MS equipped with a collision/reaction cell (CRC) that can be pressurized with helium (He) gas for the removal of polyatomic interferences using kinetic energy discrimination (KED). This test method can also be run using a triple quadrupole or “tandem” mass spectrometer (MS/MS) ICP-MS instrument, which is fitted with CRC technology. The ICP-MS method accounts for polyatomic interferences, which are the most common spectral overlaps in ICP-MS, isobaric interferences, and any potential doubly-charged ion interferences (M2+) that may arise from the presence of rare earth elements (REEs) in the samples, as the REE2+ ion interferences can affect the accuracy of the measurement of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) in the samples. Table 1 lists elements for which the test method applies along with recommended analytical masses, and secondary masses for some elements. The priority toxic elements arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb), also sometimes referred to as the “big four” toxic trace elements are listed separately because of their toxicity, as discussed in 5.1.
1.3 Certified reference materials (CRMs) should be matrix matc...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Gas chromatography and flame ionization detection provides a rapid means to identify and quantify cannabinoids in a variety of samples of interest. This test method allows producers of cannabis products to improve and optimize the quality of their products. For example, hemp extractors can use it to determine the efficiency of extraction processes and to verify that products meet regulatory requirements, ensuring safety and quality of products.
5.2 Cannabinoids, such as CBD and THC can be monitored throughout the production process. The determination of Δ9-THC is often required for regulatory purposes and the determination of other THC isomers is often of interest. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime provides experimental details and guidance for use of GC to analyze cannabis related samples, including conditions suitable for decarboxylation of cannabinoid acids.3
5.3 Post-decarboxylated methodology is used. In decarboxylation, heat is used to liberate carbon dioxide from carboxylic acid cannabinoids, forming their corresponding neutral cannabinoids, for example, THC from THCA. It should be recognized that the hot temperature of the GC injection port itself is capable of effecting at least some decarboxylation (250 °C – Table 2), and many sample types, such as distillates, require no decarboxylation because it would have occurred during material processing. Therefore, some knowledge of sample properties and material processing is useful. Resulting determinations are for the total cannabinoid content of specific isomers, for example, total Δ9-THC. For those samples requiring decarboxylation, the method is validated per Practice D8282 through the use of reference materials, spike and recovery of knowns, or through comparison with LC results. For example, carrying out the decarboxylation procedure of a standard containing known amounts of CBDA and CBN should yield the correct amounts of CBD and CBN, where CBN is not significantly changed and the mass...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of cannabinoids in cannabis products by gas chromatography (GC) and flame ionization detection (FID).
1.2 This test method is applicable to cannabis raw materials and resin cannabis products as defined in Guide D8245, including those from hemp. Such material includes: biomass; plant material; flowers; resins; extracts; distillates; recovered solvents; and other intermediate processing material. The applicable concentration range of analysis will vary to some extent depending on the nature of the sample, for instance measurement of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) for regulatory purposes in hemp would require calibration to lower concentration levels compared to measurement of CBD in its isolate; however, in most cases, the test method is applicable to the determination of major and minor cannabinoids above about 0.1 mass% in concentration. Dilution of sample solutions is used to adjust concentrations to fall within appropriate calibration curves. Particular emphasis is placed on the determination of Δ9-THC for regulatory compliance purposes and control. This test method can measure any cannabinoid that is eluted and detected from a GC column with sufficient resolution from any interfering compounds. Typical cannabinoids of interest that can be determined by this test method are shown in Table 1. Use of an HPLC technique is recommended if individual measurement of acids, such as THCA, is required.
1.3 The test method does not purport to identify all individual cannabinoids; however, individual users can adapt this test method for specific custom analyses to meet their needs.
1.4 Units—Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard t...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In general this test method is adapted from tests developed for woven fabrics (previously designated as Test Method D1388).
4.2 The cantilever test method may not be suitable for testing products that are very limp or have a marked tendency to curl or twist at a cut edge.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stiffness of geosynthetics used as turf reinforcement mats (TRMs).
1.2 The method is applicable to TRMs of any fiber content and any number of components.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes the minimum standard for training of search dog crews or teams as it relates to their general and field knowledge, skills, and abilities specific to their use in Search and Rescue (SAR) operations.
1.2 Search dog crews perform searches on the surface of the land, including in mountainous terrain, alpine environments, and on inland water bodies.
1.3 This guide does not include the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to search in partially or fully collapsed structures, confined spaces, underground (such as in caves, mines, and tunnels), in mountainous terrain, in an alpine environment, or on the water.
1.4 This guide does not provide a theoretical basis for how a search dog crew operates; rather it describes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a search dog crew to function safely and effectively.
1.5 A search dog crew is able to respond into the field and back country to locate subjects in the wilderness environment.
1.6 A search dog crew is required to have, at a minimum, the knowledge, skills, and abilities outlined within this guide.
1.7 Search dog crews are eligible to be members of Type I and II SAR teams or crews as defined in Classification F1993.
1.7.1 Personnel trained in accordance with this guide may be members of Type I and II teams or crews of Kind A (Wilderness), Kind B (Urban), Kind C (Mountainous), Kind D (Disaster/collapsed structure), Kind E (Inland water), Kind I (Avalanche), and Kind J (Evidence/human remains), and may operate in urban and disaster areas that may be isolated or have lost their infrastructure.
1.8 Further training may be required before a search dog crew can fully participate on a particular type and kind of team or crew, based on specific local need, regulations, or policies.
1.9 Search dog crews shall work under qualified supervision, as deemed appropriate by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ).
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The meaning of the test is related to the manufacturing quality assurance and quality control and end use of the material, to determine characteristics of products. The water holding capacity of hydraulically applied mulches for hydraulic planting correlates directly with enhanced slurry and spray patterns by providing better soil/slurry binding ability, mixing ability in a tank, and rate of seed germination.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This quantitative test method determines the water holding capacity of fiber mulches, including wood, paper, and agriculturally derived and blended fiber mulches that are used for hydraulic seeding and planting. Results from this testing can be used as a quality assurance and/or quality control data for manufacturing processes.
1.2 There are no known limitations to this test method.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. The amount of test water is presented in mL and no other unit of measurement is given.
1.3.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In the system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the units for mass is slugs. The slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) calculations are involved. This standard includes the gravitational system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug unit of mass.
1.3.2 The slug unit of mass is typically not used in commercial practice; that is, density, balances, and so on. Therefore, the standard unit for mass in this standard is either kilogram (kg) or gram (g), or both.
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard Deals with the safety of electric animal-stunning equipment, These are for industrial or commercial use, on farms or in areas where they may be a source of danger to the public. The standard covers manual, semi-automatic and automatic equipment
- Amendment5 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This standard is provided to develop and maintain uniformity of terminology for the discussion and evaluation of Hunting Saddles, particularly with regard to quality assurance and safety factors.
2.2 The use of the terminology described will not alter the validity of data determined with specific test methods but provides guidance in the interpretation of test results (valid or invalid) and guidance in the selection of reasonable test procedures for those instances where no standard exists today.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms related to hunting saddles.
1.2 This terminology is appropriate for use by hunting saddle development professionals, owners and institutions, testing firms, users and other practitioners in matters concerning hunting saddle test methods, practices and specifications which fall under jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies injectable transponders to all animals included in the Equidae family. It describes two (2) injection sites already in use for official identification in different countries. It pictures the anatomically defined injection point as well as the angle and the deepness of the cannula to be inserted into the body.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Certificate programs within the cannabis/hemp industries are offered by community colleges and universities, government agencies, employers, independent for-profit training organizations, and professional and trade associations. With the growth of these industries, an increased need for certificates is expected. While quality guidelines do exist for continuing education and training providers in general (for example, ANSI/IACET 1-2019), and for entities offering personnel certification programs (for example, ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024:2017), currently, no guidelines exist specifically to aid entities offering certificate programs within the cannabis industry. This practice aims to standardize and improve the quality of certificates and has been developed to:
4.1.1 Provide certificate program developers and certificate issuers guidelines for quality program development and administration;
4.1.2 Form the foundation for a recognition or certification system, or both, that enable consumers, employers, government agencies, and others who rely upon a skilled workforce to distinguish between qualified and unqualified workers; and
4.1.3 Assist stakeholders in differentiating between certificate programs from personnel certifications.
4.2 In a certificate program, an individual participates in a learning event or series of events designed to assist him or her in achieving specified learning outcomes within a defined scope; the individual receives a certificate only after verification of successful completion of all program requisites including but not limited to an assessment of learner attainment of intended learning outcomes.
4.3 In contrast, in a certificate program, the learning event(s) and the assessment(s) are both developed and administered by the certificate issuer. There is an essential link between them. The learning event(s) are designed to help participants achieve learning outcomes and the assessments are designed to evaluate the learners’ attainment...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides protocols to certificate issuers for developing and administering certificate programs for stakeholders within the cannabis and hemp industries for determining best practices for administering professional or procedural certificate programs within the industries.
1.2 This practice includes requirements for both the certificate issuer and requirements for the specific certificate programs issuing certificates.
1.3 This practice provides the foundation for recognizing or certificate issuers to issue certificates to individuals after completing a certificate program.
1.4 This practice addresses certificate programs for entities seeking certificates and inclusive of individuals, groups, or organizations and is applicable to training-based certificates for personal development and organizational-related certificates to existing standards or guidelines.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Use of consistent procedures results in samples that reflect the quality or safety or both of the batch or lot from which samples were taken.
4.2 Sampling for periodic testing is an important component for maintaining the requisite quality and safety aspect(s), particularly for buyers of raw product or other circumstances in which a further pathogen reduction step is not possible. It may also facilitate identification of product to be assigned to other appropriate usage, storage, or transport options.
4.3 Consistent test results can enhance confidence of the buyer and credibility of the seller and allow for consistent product sourcing based on category of attribute or product specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers recommended steps used in collection of a representative field sample of bulk hempseed intended for human consumption.
1.2 This guide applies to plant breeders, hempseed producers/farmers, seed cleaners, storage facilities, laboratories, and processors who handle bulk hempseed.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off