ISO/TC 268 - Sustainable cities and communities

This document establishes a data framework that involves possible multi-source common data through standardized data integration and sharing mechanisms. It includes recommendations for: — precision, dimensions of the data, data collection, updates and storing mechanisms; — a data model for data integration, data standardization and data fusion approaches for heterogeneous smart city infrastructure data; — a data security level and sharable attributes for all involved data, principles on data sharing or exchange. This document focuses on the integration and application of heterogeneous data from urban infrastructure systems, such as water, transport, energy, drainage and waste, so as to support smart city planning (SCP). It contains case studies, in Annex A, of various smart city projects.

This document gives guidance for leaders in smart cities and communities (from the public, private and voluntary sectors) on how to develop an open, collaborative, citizen-centric and digitally-enabled operating model for their city that puts its vision for a sustainable future into operation. This document does not describe a one-size-fits-all model for the future of cities. Rather, the focus is on the enabling processes by which innovative use of technology and data, coupled with organizational change, can help each city deliver its own specific vision for a sustainable future in more efficient, effective and agile ways. This document provides proven tools that cities can deploy when operationalizing the vision, strategy and policy agenda they have developed following the adoption of ISO 37101, the management system for sustainable development of communities. It can also be used, either in whole or in part, by cities that have not committed to deployment of the ISO 37101 management system.

This document specifies a procedure for run-through train operations, identified as smart transportation. This concept provides direct, one-seat ride services in high quality corridors connecting cities and transportation hubs without forcing transfers. Improved operations planning, greater use of interchange or rental use arrangements are described so that these services can be implemented without constructing major infrastructure improvements in existing transportation corridors and right-of-way. This document also describes the application of run-through operation in bus services that are strictly licensed to bus carriers using public roads, ending the inconvenience of forcing passenger transfers between routes or service territories. NOTE Smart transportation by run-through operation is applicable to other transportation modes besides rail and bus services, if applied in services operated in the same mode. Refer to ISO 37154 for applicable transportation modes.

This document provides guidance on transportation and its related or additional services using quick response (QR) codes for identification and authentication in data transfer, in order to make their services both convenient and advantageous for customers and service agents while protecting them from cheating and illegal action in data transfer.

This document describes how to organize smart transportation to save energy consumed in operation, by modifying speed profiles of trains, buses, trucks and ferries, which is also able to offer passenger-friendly driving of transportation vehicles.

This document specifies a procedure to introduce smart transportation into cities by means of fuel cell light rail transit (FC-LRT). This service contributes to a cleaner atmosphere, with zero emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and small particles, an urban view free of catenaries and easy installation of LRT transportation operations, providing safe and comfortable rides for citizens.

This document describes the interactions of smart community infrastructures (interactions between multiple infrastructures, between infrastructures and stakeholders, and between infrastructures and the external environment). It describes the framework (a set of processes and methodologies) for these interactions to ensure the consistency of smart community infrastructures is well identified and managed. There are two potential use cases for this document. The first is for the green field site, where all the smart community infrastructures can be designed and developed at the same time. This is of value to planners and investors of major new infrastructure developments. The second is for the brown field site and builds on the first and will support efficient management of an existing urban area by taking into account the increasing interdependencies of the infrastructures on each other and the way they should be managed as a system of systems. This document will also take into account accelerating technological and environmental changes. Since this framework aims to ensure the consistency among different systems consisting of smart community infrastructures, the scope of this document does not overlap with any existing works that are developed or being developed at the existing TCs addressing issues at individual infrastructure level. NOTE This document describes a management case (not a management system), i.e. specific processes that an organization needs to follow in order to meet specific objectives of this document.

This document provides guidance on how to organize and implement smart transportation by digitally processed payment (d-payment) in order to provide a safe, convenient payment method for citizens and city visitors in transportation and its related or additional services. This will additionally benefit operators managing fee receipt in transportation services and money transfer or transactions between these business operators and banks or settlement organizations. Smart transportation by d-payment is not intended to eliminate cash payment from transportation services but is helpful in organizing inter-operator, city, regional and national common ticket networks and providing trading services independent of local currencies.

This document specifies procedures for installing and organizing smart transportation for parking lot allocation for drivers in cities. It is intended to apply to cities, especially those having a shortage or low availability of parking lots. This smart transportation aims to provide a solution to the city issue of drivers having difficulty in quickly finding parking lots with available spaces. It also aims to address other city issues such as traffic accidents, congestion and energy consumption. This document clarifies the concept and goals of smart transportation by referring to the technical aspects suggested by ITU-T Y.4456[6].

This document provides information on the results of pilot city testing of several ISO smart community infrastructures standards.

This document specifies methods for measuring the quality of thermal power infrastructure (QTPI) during the operational phase and requirements for operations and management activities. It is intended for use by electric power providers, including public utilities and independent power producers (hereinafter collectively referred to as power plant operators), as well as relevant stakeholders that intend to maintain and improve QTPI. NOTE The selection and importance of evaluation indicators resulting from the implementation of this document can vary depending on the characteristics of the power plant operator.

This document provides guidance on reducing the energy consumed by transportation for passengers, delivery items, freight and postal item services in cities and city zones. This document does not designate specific procedures to save energy but suggests energy-saving options to be adopted in transportation systems normally organized in different locations, on different scales and for different purposes. NOTE Some typical energy-saving options are listed in 6.2.2.

This document specifies a procedure to arrange smart transportation for newly developing areas, including transportation services between the area and existing city centres. This document does not designate procedures for constructing smart transportation facilities.

This document gives guidelines on principles and the framework to use for data exchange and sharing for entities with the authority to develop and operate community infrastructure. The guidelines in this document are applicable to communities of any size that are engaged in data exchange and sharing. The specific practices of data exchange and sharing of community infrastructures will depend on the characteristics of each community. NOTE 1 The concept of smartness is addressed in terms of data exchange and sharing, in accordance with sustainable development and resilience of communities as defined in ISO 37100. NOTE 2 Annex A outlines useful case studies of data exchange and sharing for community infrastructure.

This document describes a framework (a set of processes and methodologies) for smart community infrastructure interactions (interactions between multiple infrastructures, between infrastructures and stakeholders, and between infrastructures and the external environment) to ensure that such interactions are well identified and managed. There are two potential use cases for this document. The first is for green field sites, where all the smart community infrastructures can be designed and developed at the same time. This is of value to planners and investors of major new infrastructure developments. The second builds on the first and will support efficient management of an existing urban area by taking into account the increasing interdependencies of the infrastructures on each other and the way they should be managed as a system of systems. This document will also take into account accelerating technological and environmental changes. Since this framework is concerned with ensuring the consistency of different systems consisting of smart community infrastructures, the scope does not overlap with any existing work or deliverables that have been or are being developed by existing TCs addressing issues at individual infrastructure level. NOTE This document describes a management case (not a management system), i.e. specific processes that an organization needs to follow in order to meet specific objectives of this document.

This document defines and establishes definitions and methodologies for a set of indicators on resilience in cities. This document is applicable to any city, municipality or local government that undertakes to measure its performance in a comparable and verifiable manner, irrespective of size or location. Maintaining, enhancing and accelerating progress towards improved city services and quality of life is fundamental to the definition of a resilient city, so this document is intended to be implemented in conjunction with ISO 37120. This document follows the principles set out in ISO 37101, and can be used in conjunction with this and other strategic frameworks.

This document provides a top-level maturity model for smart sustainable communities (MMSSC), which can be used for self-assessment by individual cities and communities and as the basis for cross-city benchmarking. The MMSSC is a simple way for community leaders to assess how mature their community is in its journey towards adoption of good practices as set out in ISO standards for sustainable and smart-enabled development; to identify strengths and weaknesses; and then to quickly find their way to the international standards and guidance that are most relevant to their needs.

This document specifies a descriptive framework for a city including an associated foundational ontology of the anatomical structure of a city or community. The descriptive framework is intended to have the following qualities: — timeless, i.e. compatible with any human settlement at any time in history; — acultural, i.e. valid for any culture and any type of city; — scalable, i.e. valid for a metropolis, a city, a small town or a village; — generic, so that everything we could define as a "human settlement", such as a "smart city", has a place in this structure.

This document specifies a procedure for the introduction of smart transportation to city centres by means of battery-powered buses. This service contributes to a clean atmosphere and a relatively quiet environment while offering services that provide safe and comfortable rides for citizens.

This document specifies a procedure to organize smart transportation that enables one-day trips by citizens between cities and in a large city zone, including its surrounding areas, and conveys a large number of people at a high frequency in a short time over distances of up to 1 000 km. Smart transportation aims to promote political and economic work and stimulate business activity by providing citizens with a manner of travel to complete a return trip from their home or place of work to destinations outside their cities on the same day. However, this document does not designate a procedure for constructing smart transportation facilities. NOTE "One-day trip" means travel from an origin to a destination and back to the origin on the same day. The purpose of such travel is out of the scope of this document.

This document specifies and establishes definitions and methodologies for a set of indicators for smart cities. As accelerating improvements in city services and quality of life is fundamental to the definition of a smart city, this document, in conjunction with ISO 37120, is intended to provide a complete set of indicators to measure progress towards a smart city. This is represented in Figure 1.

This document provides guidance on how to implement and maintain a management system for sustainable development based on ISO 37101 principles, specifically in the context of cities, but applicable to other forms of settlement. This document: — provides guidance for practical implementation of a management system for sustainable development in cities and other settlements, based on ISO 37101; — establishes a methodological framework for the systematic evaluation of the sustainable development schemes and achievements in the city or other settlements, based on the cross-analysis of the six purposes of sustainability and the 12 areas of action of ISO 37101; — illustrates how other International Standards can be used to support successful implementation of ISO 37101, including, in particular, ISO 37120 (which recommends a suite of city indicators mapped against the six purposes of ISO 37101) and ISO 37106 (which provides practical guidance on how to implement joined-up delivery and innovation across organizational boundaries within the city or settlement). This document is intended for organizing bodies, decision-makers, executive officers and managers in cities ? usually, in the first instance, the relevant local governments. This document is intended to help cities become more sustainable, through the implementation at city level of strategies, programmes, projects, plans and services referred to in this document as schemes (see Note 1 and 3.7). It also provides a platform to help demonstrate and communicate their commitment, progress and achievements. NOTE 1 In this document, the term "scheme" is used to cover strategies, programs, projects, plans and services. NOTE 2 The guidance can be used for city-wide strategies, but also, potentially, for some sector-specific schemes at a city level. This document is applicable to a range of types and scales of communities: cities, towns, villages or other kinds of human settlements with defined boundaries. NOTE 3 In this document, the term "city" refers to cities, towns, villages or other kind of human settlements with defined territorial boundaries and administrative authority. The approach is in line with other deliverables developed by ISO/TC 268 and ISO/TC 268/SC 1 that could be identified as the ISO 371XX family. This document can be used in whole or in part to establish or systematically improve a community-based sustainable development management system. It provides additional operational instructions and examples regarding ways of meeting the 37101 requirements.

This document defines individual concepts that together constitute a vocabulary common to different stakeholders with interests in water service provision. It is intended to facilitate common understanding and communication on the provision and management of service activities relating to drinking water supply, wastewater and stormwater systems. The following are within the scope of this document: — definition of a vocabulary common to the different stakeholders; — definition of key elements and characteristics of the service to users; — definition of the components of drinking water supply, wastewater and stormwater systems.

This document defines and establishes methodologies for a set of indicators to steer and measure the performance of city services and quality of life. It follows the principles set out in ISO 37101 and can be used in conjunction with ISO 37101 and other strategic frameworks. This document is applicable to any city, municipality or local government that undertakes to measure its performance in a comparable and verifiable manner, irrespective of size and location.

ISO 37157:2018 describes criteria to help plan or organize smart transportation for compact cities. It is intended to apply to cities facing a decline in population. Smart transportation can be applied to the issue of population loss as a means of attracting people back to the city.

ISO 37153:2017 provides the basis, requirements and guidance for a maturity model for the assessment of technical performance, process and interoperability of community infrastructure(s) as well as its contribution to the community, and guidance for future improvements. This document is applicable to a) all types of community infrastructure, including, but not limited to, energy, water, transportation, waste and ICT, b) single types of community infrastructure or multiple types of community infrastructure, and c) all types of communities, regardless of geographical locations, size, economic structure, stage of economic development, and d) all applicable stages of infrastructure life cycle (e.g. planning/design, construction, operation, decommission). NOTE Utilization of natural systems, such as green infrastructure, is also considered as one type of infrastructure.

ISO 37154:2017 provides general guidance on the planning, design, development, organization, monitoring, maintenance and improvement process of smart transportation systems and infrastructures, which can help promote solutions for intra- and inter-city issues, i.e. for issues both within and outside the city that impact quality of life, the environment or any other areas of city performance. ISO 37154:2017 applies to transportation infrastructures used for the movement of people, freight or other goods, including items transported for delivery. ISO 37154:2017 is intended for use by city planners and other community decision makers, government officials, insurance providers, investment and financing organizations, transportation operators and service providers and manufacturers of transportation equipment. In particular, ISO 37154:2017 is intended to be used by those involved in making decisions about transportation modes to meet the objectives related to affordability, convenience, low environmental impact and reliability, while satisfying the needs of a diverse group of stakeholders, including city residents, visitors, government authorities, transportation operators. ISO 37154:2017 addresses smart transportation by considering the factors that shape communities, such as population, demographics, locations, local culture and history. It addresses the scope of services, features and objectives to be met through smart transportation solutions. ISO 37154:2017 does not contain technical specifications for the construction of transportation assets of facilities.

ISO/TR 37121:2016 provides an inventory of existing guidelines and approaches on sustainable development and resilience in cities. ISO/TR 37121:2016 focuses on resilience understood as the ability of a city, system, community, local government or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions. Resilience indicators are intended to assess the extent to which cities are helping residents, businesses, institutions, and infrastructure resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of hazards in a timely and efficient manner.

ISO 37100:2016 defines terms relating to sustainable development in communities, smart community infrastructure and related subjects.

ISO/TR 37152:2016 outlines the basic concept of a common framework for the development and operation of smart community infrastructures. The framework describes the planning, development, operation and maintenance methodology to facilitate the harmonization of each infrastructure as a part of a smart community and ensures that the interactions between multiple infrastructures are well orchestrated. The framework is applicable to all processes of smart community infrastructures' life cycle (from conceptual design through planning, development, operation, maintenance, redevelopment and feedback). The infrastructures to be covered are energy, water, transportation, waste management, ICT and others. The framework can be adopted by all relevant stakeholders who are engaged in planning, development and operation of smart community infrastructures, including planners, developers, business operators and suppliers. The framework is intended to cover the processes in which these stakeholders are engaged, such as management, organizational structure, analyses and design methods, and documentations.

ISO 37101:2016 establishes requirements for a management system for sustainable development in communities, including cities, using a holistic approach, with a view to ensuring consistency with the sustainable development policy of communities. The intended outcomes of a management system for sustainable development in communities include: · managing sustainability and fostering smartness and resilience in communities, while taking into account the territorial boundaries to which it applies; · improving the contribution of communities to sustainable development outcomes; · assessing the performance of communities in progressing towards sustainable development outcomes and the level of smartness and of resilience that they have achieved; · fulfilling compliance obligations. ISO 37101:2016 is intended to help communities become more resilient, smart and sustainable, through the implementation of strategies, programmes, projects, plans and services, and demonstrate and communicate their achievements. ISO 37101:2016 is intended to be implemented by an organization designated by a community to establish the organizational framework and to provide the resources necessary to support the management of environmental, economic and social performance outcomes. A community that chooses to establish the organizational framework by itself is considered to constitute an organization as defined in ISO 37101:2016. ISO 37101:2016 is applicable to communities of all sizes, structures and types, in developed or developing countries, at local, regional or national levels, and in defined urban or rural areas, at their respective level of responsibility. ISO 37101:2016 can be used in whole or in part to improve the management of sustainable development in communities. Claims of conformity to ISO 37101:2016, however, are not acceptable unless all its requirements are incorporated into an organization's management system for sustainable development in communities and fulfilled without exclusion.

ISO/TS 37151:2015 gives principles and specifies requirements for the · definition, · identification, · optimization, and · harmonization of community infrastructure performance metrics, and gives recommendations for analysis, including · smartness, · interoperability, · synergy, · resilience, · safety, and · security of community infrastructures. Community infrastructures include, but are not limited to, energy, water, transportation, waste, and ICT. The principles and requirements of ISO/TS 37151:2015 are applicable to communities of any size sharing geographic areas that are planning, commissioning, managing, and assessing all or any element of its community infrastructures. However, the selection and the importance of metrics or (key) performance indicators of community infrastructures is a result of the application of ISO/TS 37151:2015 and depends on the characteristics of each community. In ISO/TS 37151:2015, the concept of smartness is addressed in terms of performance relevant to technologically implementable solutions, in accordance with sustainable development and resilience of communities as defined in ISO/TC 268.

ISO/TR 37150:2014 provides a review of existing activities relevant to metrics for smart community infrastructures. In ISO/TR 37150:2014, the concept of smartness is addressed in terms of performance relevant to technologically implementable solutions, in accordance with sustainable development and resilience of communities, as defined in ISO/TC 268. ISO/TR 37150:2014 addresses community infrastructures such as energy, water, transportation, waste and information and communications technology (ICT). It focuses on the technical aspects of existing activities which have been published, implemented or discussed. Economic, political or societal aspects are not analyzed in ISO/TR 37150:2014. NOTE ISO/TR 37150:2014 is not a recommendation document for best practices. Although sustainability objectives have been considered, the main subject of ISO/TR 37150:2014 is the analysis of existing methodologies for smart community infrastructures.

This document gives guidance for leaders in smart cities and communities (from the public, private and voluntary sectors) on how to develop an open, collaborative, citizen-centric and digitally-enabled operating model for their city that puts its vision for a sustainable future into operation. This document does not describe a one-size-fits-all model for the future of cities. Rather, the focus is on the enabling processes by which innovative use of technology and data, coupled with organizational change, can help each city deliver its own specific vision for a sustainable future in more efficient, effective and agile ways. This document provides proven tools that cities can deploy when operationalizing the vision, strategy and policy agenda they have developed following the adoption of ISO 37101, the management system for sustainable development of communities. It can also be used, either in whole or in part, by cities that have not committed to deployment of the ISO 37101 management system.

ISO 37120:2014 defines and establishes methodologies for a set of indicators to steer and measure the performance of city services and quality of life. It follows the principles set out and can be used in conjunction with ISO 37101:?, Sustainable development in communities ? Management systems ? General principles and requirements, when published, and other strategic frameworks. ISO 37120:2014 is applicable to any city, municipality or local government that undertakes to measure its performance in a comparable and verifiable manner, irrespective of size and location.