ISO - International Organization for Standardization

This document applies to the determination of beta emitters activity concentration using liquid scintillation counting. The method requires the preparation of a scintillation source, which is obtained by mixing the test sample and a scintillation cocktail. The test sample can be liquid (aqueous or organic), or solid (particles or filter or planchet). NOTE Planchet are samples, described in REF Section_sec_8.5 \r \h 8.5, out of solid material e.g. small metal, plastic or glass pans or support material made of these materials This document describes the conditions for measuring the activity concentration of beta emitter radionuclides by liquid scintillation counting[ REF Reference_ref_8 \r \h 2 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0038000000 ]. The choice of the test method using liquid scintillation counting involves the consideration of the potential presence of other beta-, alpha- and gamma emitter radionuclides in the test sample. In this case, a specific sample treatment by separation or extraction is implemented to isolate the radionuclide of interest in order to avoid any interference with other beta-, alpha- and gamma-emitting radionuclides during the counting phase. This document is applicable to all types of liquid samples having an activity concentration ranging from about 1 Bq·l−1 to 106 Bq·l−1. For a liquid test sample, it is possible to dilute liquid test samples in order to obtain a solution having an activity compatible with the measuring instrument. For solid samples, the activity of the prepared scintillation source shall be compatible with the measuring instrument. The measurement range is related to the test method used: nature of test portion, preparation of the scintillator - test portion mixture, measuring assembly as well as to the presence of the co-existing activities due to interfering radionuclides. Test portion preparations (such as distillation for 3H measurement, or benzene synthesis for 14C measurement, etc.) are outside the scope of this document and are described in specific test methods using liquid scintillation[3][[4][5][6][7][8][9][10].

This document specifies the Spatial Reference Model (SRM) defining relevant aspects of spatial positioning and related information processing. The SRM allows precise and unambiguous specification of geometric properties such as position, direction, orientation, and distance. The SRM addresses the needs of a broad community of users, who have a range of accuracy and performance requirements in computationally intensive applications. Aspects of this document apply to, but are not limited to: a) mapping, charting, geodesy, and imagery; b) topography; c) location-based services; d) oceanography; e) meteorology and climatology; f) interplanetary and planetary sciences; g) embedded systems; and h) modelling and simulation. The SRM specifies an application program interface (API) that supports the representations, conversion, and transformation of position and orientation information in a variety of forms. To ensure that spatial operations are performed consistently, the application program interface specifies conversion operations between alternative representations of geometric properties. This document is not intended to replace the standards and specifications developed by ISO/TC 211, ISO/TC 184, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), and the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). It is applicable to applications whose spatial information requirements overlap two or more of the application areas that are the scope of the work of ISO/TC 211, ISO/TC 184, the IAU, and the IAG.

This document specifies the minimum requirements to quantify boil-off gas (BOG) consumed on liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers for their own functions, in particular for power generation and during cargo transfer operations. This document provides requirements for the metering of BOG and the subsequent calorific value calculations, which can be taken into account when the energy transferred during cargo transfer is determined. This document also gives performance requirements and calibration of the elements included in the BOG measurement system. This document, with some modifications, can also be applied to the measurement of BOG consumed by LNG carriers at sea.

This document specifies viewing conditions for images on both reflective and transmissive media, such as prints (both photographic and photomechanical) and transparencies. This document applies to — critical evaluation of and comparison between transparencies, backlighted signs, reflection photographic or photomechanical prints and/or a reference object or image, — appraisal of the tone reproduction and colourfulness of prints and transparencies at illumination levels similar to those for practical use, including routine inspection, and — critical appraisal of transparencies which are viewed by projection, for comparison with prints, objects, or other reproductions. This document is not applicable to soft-proofing displays, for paper manufacture, and other applications outside of graphic technology and photography.

This document specifies advanced video coding for coding of audio-visual objects.

This document defines terms for classifying and assessing green tea for commerce.

This document specifies the general principles for the application of the time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) technique for both detection and sizing of discontinuities in low-alloyed carbon steel components. This document also applies to other types of materials, provided the application of the TOFD technique is performed with necessary consideration of geometry, acoustical properties of the materials, and the test sensitivity. Although this document is applicable, in general terms, for discontinuities in materials and applications covered by ISO 16810, it contains references to the application on welds. This approach has been chosen for reasons of clarity as to the probe positions and directions of scanning. Unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents, the minimum requirements specified in this document apply. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, this document is applicable to the following categories of test objects as specified in ISO 16811: — category 1, without restrictions; — categories 2 and 3, specified restrictions apply (see REF Section_sec_10 \r \h Clause 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000F000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F00310030000000 ); — categories 4 and 5 require special procedures, which are also addressed (see REF Section_sec_10 \r \h Clause 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000F000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F00310030000000 ). NOTE Techniques for the use of TOFD for weld testing are described in ISO 10863 and the related acceptance criteria are given in ISO 15626.

This document specifies a test method for determining the screen-touch properties of fabrics. The method is applicable to all types of fabrics intended for use in products that serve as an interface when handling touchscreens.

This document specifies the test method for determining the content of oil vapour in compressed air using pressurized sampling and gas chromatography. This document elaborates sampling, measurement, evaluation, uncertainty considerations and reporting in respect of the compressed air purity class for oil, in accordance with ISO 8573-1. For organic vapours and other gaseous contaminants, the same sampling procedure can be used, however the analysis method will be different depending on the target component. As guidance, ISO 8573-6 and ISO 16000-6 can be used.

This document provides high-level security and privacy requirements for authentication using biometrics on mobile devices, in particular, for functional components, communication, storage and remote processing. This document is applicable to remote modes, i.e. the cases where: — the biometric sample is captured through mobile devices, and — the biometric data or derived biometric data are transmitted between the mobile devices and the remote services in either or both directions. The following are out of scope of this document: — the cases where the biometric data or derived biometric data never leave the mobile devices (i.e. local modes), — the preliminary steps for biometric enrolment before authentication procedure, and — the use of biometric identification as part of the authentication.

This standard specifies the general requirements of the corrosion control engineering life cycle in nuclear power plants. This standard applies to of various activities management of the corrosion control engineering life cycle in nuclear power plants.

This document specifies the procedures to be followed for determining the fire resistance of columns when tested on their own. Two methods of testing are described: — Method A, which is applicable to any type of column and in which the test is conducted with an applied axial load to the column; and — Method B, which is only applicable to protected steel columns with any type of protection system and in which the test is conducted with no load applied to the column and the fire resistance is determined based on steel temperature limits. Method B is only applicable to protection systems that do not support any of the structural load. (See A.6). The application of this test to other untested forms of construction is acceptable when the construction conforms to the direct field of application as given in Annex B of this document, or when subjected to an extended application analysis in accordance with ISO/TR 12470 (series)[ REF Reference_ref_3 \r \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0033000000 ]. General guidance on test method A and test method B is given in Annex A.

This document specifies the constructional and performance requirements and methods of tests for light emitting diode destination board systems (LEDDBSs) for use in all categories of buses and coaches (including mini/midi buses).

This document: a) builds on the models established in ISO 19152-1 and ISO 19152-2 to cover the valuation aspect of the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM); b) provides an abstract conceptual model covering: 1) values (assessed values, valuation procedures, mass valuation); 2) transaction prices; 3) sales statistics; 4) valuation units (parcel (legal space parcel), building, condominium unit, valuation unit group). c) provides terminology for the valuation component of land administration/georegulation, based on various national and international systems, that is as simple as possible in order to be useful in practice. The terminology allows a shared description of different formal or informal practices and procedures in various jurisdictions; d) specifies a content model independent of encoding that can be employed as a basis for local, national and regional profiles for valuation processes; and e) enables the combining of valuation information from different sources in a coherent manner. NOTE This document does not interfere with national property valuation-related regulations with potential legal implications.

This document specifies a computational method (in line with ISO 17201-4) for estimating the acoustic source data of muzzle blast and explosions on the basis of non-acoustic data for firearms with calibres less than 20 mm and explosions less than 50 g TNT equivalent. This document addresses those cases where no source measurements exist. This document can also be used as an interpolation method between measurements of muzzle blast. Source data are given in terms of spectral angular source energy covering the frequency range from 12,5 Hz to 10 kHz and can be used as data input for sound propagation calculation. This document does not apply to the prediction of sound levels for the assessment of hearing damage; nor can it be used to predict sound pressure levels or sound exposure levels at distances where linear acoustics do not apply.

This document establishes a core model of project management for corpus annotation, to specify the work packages of project teams, required processes and deliverables. This document presents the necessary components for issues such as coordination, human training, reusability, software, quality control, licensing and copyright. However, it does not specify a methodology to solve such issues. This document gives guidance on what work packages and deliverables are required under the project in which workflows and processes deal with the following: — Integration and communication among work packages: This includes ensuring that all work packages are well-coordinated, particularly in terms of the adoption of broader annotation standards and integration with ontologies to enhance interoperability. Effective communication across work packages is crucial for the seamless sharing of annotated documents with other projects. — Human resource management and interrater reliability: This covers the management of human resources, focusing on training and qualification, as well as the implementation of interrater reliability practices. These practices include training, testing and the use of appropriate tools to ensure consistency across annotations. — Annotation guideline management and software utilization: This involves managing the guidelines for annotation tasks and utilizing annotation software and tools, particularly in environments leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques. — Quality control, data validation and structured documentation: This encompasses the processes for quality control and validation of annotation results, alongside the need for structured documentation and ongoing curation. This ensures that annotated documents remain accurate, relevant and usable over the long term. — Licensing, copyrights and metadata management: This focuses on documenting licences and copyrights, providing metadata to manage the sharing of resources. It is particularly important in areas with copyright restrictions or licensing concerns, ensuring that data subsets can be appropriately managed and shared.

This document specifies the test suite structure (TSS) and test purposes (TP) to evaluate the conformity of on-board equipment (OBE) and roadside equipment (RSE) to ISO 13141. It provides a basis for conformance tests for dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) equipment to support interoperability between different equipment supplied by different manufacturers. ISO 13141 specifies requirements for the localization augmentation communication (LAC) interface level, but not for the OBE or RSE internal functional behaviour. Consequently, tests regarding OBE and RSE functional behaviour remain outside the scope of this document.

This document contains the sizing of last systems for daily wear footwear including casual footwear, sports footwear and rain footwear.

This document specifies the commonly used terms and definitions in underground mine ventilation. Only those terms and definitions that have a specific meaning in this field are included. NOTE Some terms and definitions are also applicable to surface mining.

This document defines the General Feature Model (GFM) as the metamodel for creating application schemas in the context of geo-information modelling. The GFM is explained and implemented as rules for creating and documenting application schemas, including principles for the definition of features. This document is applicable to: — conceptual modelling of features and their properties from a universe of discourse; — definition of application schemas; — general rules for using a conceptual schema language for application schemas; — rules for application schemas using UML as the conceptual schema language; — transition from the concepts in the conceptual model to the data types in the application schema; — integration of standardized schemas from other ISO geographic information standards with the application schema. This document does not apply to: — choice of one particular conceptual schema language for application schemas; — definition of any particular application schemas; — representation of feature types and their properties in a feature catalogue; — representation of metadata; — rules for mapping one application schema to another; — implementation of the application schema in a computer environment; — computer system and application software design; — programming.

This document specifies an infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace for the determination of the total carbon content in steel and iron. The method is applicable to carbon contents between 0,003 % (mass fraction) and 4,5 % (mass fraction).

This document specifies a method for the quantitative determination of 17 mycotoxins in cereals and cereal products (e.g. wheat, maize, husked rice, rice and their products) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry method (UHPLC-MS/MS). The 17 mycotoxins are aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, fumonisin B3, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin and sterigmatocystin. This document does not apply to foods for infants and young children. This document is applicable to other products (e.g. nuts) provided that the method is validated for each individual case. The calibration range of the method and the validated range during the interlaboratory study for each mycotoxin are listed in Table A.1.

This document specifies the general characteristics of grooved pins, made of steel and stainless steel, with nominal diameters 1 mm to 25 mm. These grooved pins are designed to fulfil the main following functions, due to the elastic fit behaviour of the grooves: — locking of two (or more) parts, — positioning or guiding, — relative rotation of the assembled parts.

This document defines terms relating to uncrewed aircraft systems that are widely used in science and technology.

This document establishes requirements and specifications of the bulk moulding compound (BMC) and dough moulding compound (DMC) with or without thickening agents. This document is applicable to BMC and DMC, which are different types of preimpregnated product used for the production, by moulding, of various parts made of composite materials. The scope is not limited to types of fibres and resins.

This document specifies the conditions for determination of the axial tensile properties of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) tubes with continuous fibre-reinforcement at elevated temperature in air, vacuum and inert gas atmospheres. The applicability of this document is specific to tubular geometries because fibre architecture and specimen geometry factors in composite tubes are distinctly different from those in flat specimens. This document provides information on the axial tensile properties and stress-strain response in temperature, such as axial tensile strength, axial tensile strain at failure and elastic constants. The information can be used for material development, control of manufacturing (quality insurance), material comparison, characterization, reliability and design data generation for tubular components. This document addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test piece fabrication methods. This document is primarily applicable to ceramic matrix composite tubes with a continuous fibrous-reinforcement: unidirectional (1D, filament winding and tape lay-up), bi-directional (2D, braid and weave) and multi-directional (xD, with x > 2), tested along the tube axis.

This document addresses the impact of wildland fires and firefighting activities on the environment (air, water, soil, wildlife and vegetation). It further addresses the impact of wildland fire effluents on exposed human population, including firefighters, as well as food production, land, sea and air traffic, and the built environment. It also describes the environmental impacts of firefighting activities. This document also provides requirements and recommendations to quantify such impacts of wildland fires and to establish post-fire mitigation measures. The wildland fires covered include both natural wildland fires and man-initiated fires, including prescribed burning and agricultural fires, but not peat fires nor coal seam fires. This document is intended to serve as a tool for the development of standard protocols for: — the assessment of local and remote adverse environmental impacts of wildland fires; — the assessment of the effects of smoke and gas exposure on firefighters and exposed human populations. It provides guidance for incident commanders and other responsible or affected parties when decisions regarding firefighting strategies, tactics, and restoration are made. It is intended principally for use by firefighters and investigators, insurance providers, environmental regulatory authorities, civil defence organisations, public health authorities and land owners. This document does not include specific instruction on compiling and reporting the information needed to assess environmental damage caused by a fire incident, nor does it include specific sampling methodologies and analysis requirements. These topics are the focus of documents in the ISO 26367 series. This document does not address either fire damage to the built environment, direct acute toxicity issues, which are covered by other ISO standards (ISO 19706, ISO 13571 and ISO 24679-1), nor does it address economic impact, although the impact of climate change is discussed in Annex D.

This document defines a set of terms and definitions for the precious metals industry and is intended to provide greater clarity to everyone in the supply chain down to the consumer. It excludes terms applicable specifically to jewellery and gemstones.

This document gives guidance to organizations on how to implement service excellence based on ISO 23592. This document can be used in conjunction with ISO/TS 24082 and ISO/TS 23686.

This document specifies requirements and provides guidance for a management system for educational organizations (EOMS) when such an organization: a) needs to demonstrate its ability to support the acquisition and development of competence through teaching, learning or research; b) aims to enhance satisfaction of learners, other beneficiaries and staff through the effective application of its EOMS, including processes for improvement of the system and assurance of conformity to the requirements of learners and other beneficiaries. All requirements of this document are generic and intended to be applicable to any educational organization that uses a curriculum to support the development of competence through teaching, learning, training or research, regardless of the type, size or method of delivery. This document can be applied to educational organizations within larger organizations whose core business is not education, such as professional training departments. This document also provides guidance for the use of a EOMS. This document does not apply to organizations that only produce or manufacture educational products.

This document specifies requirements and corresponding test methods for nanoscale diamond as a functional additive in polymer composites.

This document specifies test methods for metric self-locking nuts with MJ threads intended for use in aerospace applications at maximum operating temperature greater than 425 °C. It describes the test device and the method for each test. It applies to self-locking nuts as defined above, provided that the relevant documents (dimensional standard, product standard, drawing, procurement specification, etc.) refer to this document.

1.1 This document specifies requirements relating to the construction and operation of devices producing air through the blending of oxygen and nitrogen for use as sources of supply in supply systems for medical gases. 1.2 This document is applicable to proportioning units intended to produce synthetic medical air and air for driving surgical tools by mixing in defined proportions oxygen and nitrogen. 1.3 This document is applicable to proportioning units intended to be components of a medical gas supply system for medical air which supplies a medical gas pipeline distribution system complying with ISO 7396-1. 1.4 The number of proportioning units within the medical air supply system and their combination with other sources of supply (e.g. cylinder manifolds) to ensure that the supply system consists of at least three sources of supply is outside the scope of this document. Requirements for the supply systems for medical air are given in ISO 7396-1.

This document specifies requirements for procedures that use the mechanical action of a Vettermann drum tester to produce changes in appearance (surface, structure and colour) to all types of textile floor coverings. It does not include pilling or colour changes due to other actions. NOTE Changes produced by these drum tester are assessed in accordance with the applicable assessment standards.

This document specifies safety requirements and test methods for baby walking frames into which a child is placed, and which are intended to be used from when the child is able to sit up unaided (around six months), until the child is able to walk independently or weighs more than 12 kg. This document does not apply to: — baby walking frames: — for therapeutic and curative purposes; — that rely on inflatable parts to support the child; — toys (e.g. ride on toys and push-along toys usually intended for children able to walk unaided). If a baby walking frame has several functions or can be converted into another function, then the relevant International Standards apply to it. For example, if a baby walking frame is equipped with toys, the requirements of the ISO 8124 series apply to the toys.

This document specifies additional requirements to ISO/IEC 17021-1. The requirements contained in this document, when implemented, support the demonstration of competence, consistency and reliability by the bodies performing auditing and certification of an artificial intelligence management system (AIMS) according to ISO/IEC 42001 for organizations that provide, develop or use AI systems. Certification of AIMS is a third-party conformity assessment activity (as described in ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 4.5), and bodies performing this activity are third-party conformity assessment bodies. This document also provides the necessary information and confidence to customers about the way certification has been granted. NOTE This document can be used as a criteria document for accreditation or peer assessment.

This document defines a gain map used in HDR digital photography applications, for dynamic range conversion between two image representations. This includes the definition of the gain map metadata and its attributes, how to specify the gain map and associated metadata, and how to apply the gain map using this metadata.

This document specifies methods for the determination of components in plastics that can be extracted by hot organic liquids near their boiling points. It also specifies a special extraction method called cold-extraction. The extractable components can be monomers, oligomers, polymers, plasticizers, stabilizers, etc. The kind and percentage of extractable matter influence the properties of plastics. This document does not apply to plastics that come into contact with food or drinking water, because special regulations for those plastics are established in many countries. The methods of this document are not intended to be used for migration tests. If this document is used to test plastics other than those mentioned in Table 1, the operating conditions are intended to be agreed upon by the interested parties.

This document defines the JPEG Pleno framework for learning-based point cloud coding. This document is applicable to interactive human visualization, with competitive compression efficiency compared to state of the art point cloud coding solutions in common use, and effective performance for 3D processing and machine-related computer vision tasks, and has the goal of supporting a royalty-free baseline. This document specifies a coded codestream format for storage of point clouds. It provides information on the encoding tools. It also defines extensions to the JPEG Pleno File Format and associated metadata descriptors that are specific to point cloud modalities.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the compression stress/strain characteristics of low-density flexible cellular materials up to 250 kg/m3. It also specifies a method for the calculation of the compression stress value of such materials.

This document specifies the commonly used terms in mine drainage.

This document specifies performance, requirements, methods of test and marking requirements for the following equipment for use in automatic fire protection systems: — wet alarm valves; — retard devices; — water motor alarms; — dry pipe valves; — accelerators; — deluge valves; — preaction valves; — check valves. Performance and test requirements for trim valves for alarm valves are not covered by this document. The requirements for pressure reducing valves and fire pump relief valves are provided by ISO 6182-16 and ISO 6182-17.

This document specifies requirements for dried saffron obtained from the pistils of Crocus sativus L. flowers. It is applicable to saffron in filaments, cut filaments and powder forms. Recommendations relating to storage and transport conditions are given in Annex A.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for moulded forms (e.g. sheets, rods and near net shape bars) made from ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder for use in the manufacture of surgical implants. This document is not applicable to moulded forms that were intentionally irradiated, that were made from UHMWPE blended with additives or UHMWPE blended with different forms of polyethylene, and the packaged and sterilized finished implant.

This document specifies requirements for a procedure that uses the mechanical action of a hexapod tumbler tester to produce changes in appearance (surface, structure and colour) to all types of textile floor coverings. It does not include pilling or colour changes due to other actions.

This document specifies the test method for assessing the morphology of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) moulded forms as defined in ISO 5834-2. The assessment of morphology of UHMWPE moulded forms is not required in routine monitoring of validated moulding process because alternative test methods defined in ISO 5834-2, such as density and mechanical properties, already provide reasonable, redundant assurance of successful consolidation. This document is not applicable to UHMWPE powder forms, which are described in ISO 5834-1. NOTE Performance requirements for this test method have not been established.

This document specifies a test method for investigating the oxidative stability of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) moulded forms as a function of processing and sterilization method. This document describes a laboratory method for accelerated ageing of specimens taken from UHMWPE moulded forms or forms fabricated from these for use in the manufacture of surgical implants. The specimens are aged at elevated temperature and at elevated oxygen pressure, to accelerate oxidation of the material and thereby allow for the evaluation of its potential long-term chemical and mechanical stability.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder moulding materials for use in the manufacturing of moulded forms that are subsequently used in the manufacturing of surgical implants. This document is not applicable to UHMWPE moulding materials that were blended with any additives or different forms of polyethylene.

This document specifies a method for the quantitative analysis of residual quartz (i.e. alpha-quartz) in silica bricks within the mass fraction range of 0,3 % to 5,0 %, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer. This document includes details of sample preparation and of preliminary establishment of a working curve using external standards. This document does not address the safety issues associated with its use. The ground silica brick powders and reference materials may cause damage to lungs through prolonged or repeat inhalation during tests. It is responsibility of the users of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices.