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This document specifies a general reference architecture for a digital twin system in terms of defining system fundamentals through the use of architecture views.

This document defines terms relating to the design and operation of reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engines. Further terms relating to components and systems of RIC engines (3.1.1) are defined in the ISO 7967 series, and performance is defined in ISO 15550, ISO 14396 and the ISO 3046 series.

This document defines an ontology for service level concepts defined for the transport domain using terms specified in ISO/IEC 5087-1 and ISO/IEC 5087-2. The values for service-level concepts defined in this document are intended to be managed by the transport domain but accessible by multiple city services and stakeholders.

IEC 62046: 2026 specifies requirements for the selection, positioning, configuration and commissioning of sensitive protective equipment (SPE) to detect the momentary or continued presence of persons in order to protect those persons from dangerous part(s) of machinery in industrial applications. This document covers the application of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) specified in the IEC 61496 series and pressure-sensitive mats and floors specified in ISO 13856‑1. It takes into account the characteristics of the machinery, the sensitive protective equipment, the environment and human interaction by persons of 14 years and older. This document includes informative annexes to provide guidance on the application of sensitive protective equipment to detect the presence of persons. These annexes contain examples to illustrate the principles of this document. These examples are not intended to be the only solutions to a given application and are not intended to restrict innovation or advancement of technology. The examples are provided only as representative solutions to illustrate some of the concepts of integration of sensitive protective equipment, and have been simplified for clarity, so they can be incomplete. It is intended that this document is used in conjunction with ISO 13855. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2018. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the first edition:
a) restructuring of the document to aid the user;
b) additional information on vision and radar systems;
c) muting requirements have been updated;
d) information on whole body access has been added;
e) whole body access has also been covered in more detail;
f) alignment to changes in ISO 13855.

This document specifies the syntax and semantics of description schemes to represent data exchanged by media analysers for distributed artificial intelligence (AI) processing. Moreover, it specifies the application programming interfaces (APIs) to exchange these data between media things. This document does not specify how analysis is carried out, but defines the interfaces between the media things.

This document specifies the minimum requirements and test methods for Areca catechu seed. This document applies to Areca catechu seed that is sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces derived from this plant. This document does not apply to processed decoction pieces of Areca catechu seed.

IEC 63580:2026 provides guidance to manufacturers of measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities (ME3Q) in evaluating and improving the environmental impact of their products, and in enabling effective communication using common references for environmental information throughout the supply chain.
This document covers only the below fixed installed measuring equipment:
IEC 61557-12, power metering and monitoring devices (PMD);
IEC 62586-1, power quality instruments (PQI);
IEC 60688, transducers (TRD);
IEC 62974-1, devices for data management (DDM).

This document specifies recommended storage conditions for unprocessed silver halide containing photographic materials. It is not applicable to processed films and prints. This document applies to black-and-white and colour photographic materials (e.g. negative films, positive films, reversal films, positive papers and X-ray films).

This document specifies a method for the determination of the selected metals and semi-metals migration from the internal surface of plastics pipes, fittings and joints to be used for the transport of water intended for human consumption by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This document is used to determine the selected metal and semi-metals migration values of lead (Pb), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), barium (Ba), magnesium (Mg), aluminium (Al), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and arsenic (As). This method is suitable for all plastics pipes, fittings and joints to be used for the transport of water and raw water intended for human consumption.

This document provides standard terminology related to cell counting for biotechnology. This document describes counting of cells in suspension (generally cell concentration) and cells adhered to a substrate (generally area density of cells). This document provides key considerations for general counting methods (including total and differential counting, and direct and indirect counting) as well as for fit for purpose method selection, sources of variability in the measurement process, and data analysis and reporting. This document is applicable to the counting of all cell types – mammalian and non-mammalian (e.g. bacteria, yeast) cells. NOTE Several sector or application-specific international and national standards for cell counting currently exist. When applicable, the user can consult existing standards when operating within their scope (e.g. specific measurement techniques or applications).

This document specifies general principles, detection strategies and analytical methods for cell line identification of mammalian cells in the field of biotechnology. This document also specifies general requirements and key considerations for method selection, quality control parameters, data analysis and reporting in cell line identification. This document is applicable to routine cell line cross-contamination testing in the fields of basic research, translational medicine studies and cell therapeutic product manufacturing. This document is also applicable to cell line identity confirmation to prevent cell misidentification in academic and industrial laboratories, cell banks and manufacturing sites. This document is primarily applicable to mammalian cells.

This document specifies a method for the determination and reporting of measurement uncertainties arising during vacuum gauge calibration by direct comparison with a reference gauge carried out in accordance with ISO 3567. This document specifies methods for uniform reporting of uncertainties in vacuum gauge certificates. Uncertainties reported in accordance with the guidelines given in this document are transferable in the sense that the uncertainty evaluated for one result can be used as a component in the uncertainty evaluation of another measurement or calibration in which the first result is used. This document specifies two measurement models that are sufficient to cover most practical cases. However, it is possible that the models given cannot be applied to newly developed vacuum gauges. The final uncertainty to be reported in a certificate is evaluated from the uncertainties of the input quantities and influence quantities. The principal quantities that can affect the result of a vacuum calibration are described; however, a complete list of the possible quantities that can have an influence on the final result lies outside the scope of this document.

This document specifies infrared spectroscopic methods using the transmission and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) methods for the identification of rubbers, including thermoplastic elastomers, either in the raw state or in the form of vulcanized or unvulcanized mixes. The methods specified are qualitative methods only.

This document specifies the requirements for devices that either limit or indicate the loads, motions, performance and environment of bridge and gantry cranes. The general requirements for limiting and indicating devices for cranes are given in ISO 10245-1.

This document provides guidance for information security controls, based on ISO/IEC 27002, applicable to the provision and use of cloud services. This document provides: additional guidance for relevant controls specified in ISO/IEC 27002:2022; additional controls with guidance that specifically relate to cloud services. This document provides controls and guidance for cloud service customers (CSCs) and cloud service providers (CSPs). This document is considered to be a horizontal document as it provides a foundation and a common understanding of security regarding the provision and use of cloud services. NOTE This document applies to all types of cloud deployment models including the private cloud. When applying this document to the private cloud, the controls and guidance of this document are applicable, although adjustments can be necessary to adapt to the relationships and abilities of an organization’s internal departments.

IEC 61300-3-30 describes a method for measuring the endface geometry of rectangular multifibre ferrules having an IEC defined optical interface. The primary attributes are fibre position relative to the endface, endface angle relative to the guide holes, fibre tip radii and core dip for multimode fibres.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) clarification of region diameter symbols;
b) introduction of x116 and x132 region of interest (ROI) to support MT-16 and MT-32 ferrule types;
c) preparation of geometry limit (GL) parameter tables for 16-, 24- and 32-fibre ferrules;
d) clarification of the neighbouring fibres definition when computing adjacent height;
e) improvement of figures in Annexes.

This document specifies low latency, low complexity light detection and ranging (LiDAR) coding.

This document is applicable to compressors, partially completed compressor units and compressor units having an operating pressure greater than 50 kPa and designed to compress air, nitrogen or inert gases. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the design, installation, operation, maintenance, dismantling and disposal of compressors and compressor units when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This document includes under the general term compressor units those machines which comprise the compressor, a drive system, and any component or device which is necessary for operation. This document covers compressors driven by any power media, including battery powered and which are fitted in or used with motor vehicles. The significant hazards dealt with in this document are identified in Annex A. This document does not cover requirements for compressors and compressor units used in potentially explosive atmospheres. This document is not applicable to compressors and compressor units which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document. This document does not cover compressors and compressor units for processing petroleum, petrochemicals, or chemicals within the scope of ISO/TC 67. This document does not give performance levels or safety integrity levels for safety related parts of control systems.

This document specifies requirements and test methods to assess the thermomechanical compatibility between a veneering ceramic and a metallic or ceramic substructure material used for dental restorations. This document applies only to the materials used in combination. Conformity cannot be claimed for a single material. For requirements for ceramic materials, see ISO 6872. For requirements for metallic materials see ISO 22674.

This document provides a metamodel to describe the structure and semantics of an implemented form devoid of any specific, domain semantics, e.g. in healthcare, social science, e-government and e-business, or representation format so that data can be faithfully exchanged between systems and system components, and associations expressed between sets of form designs whose data can be compared, joined or composed for analysis.

IEC 62820‑1‑2:2026 specifies the technical requirements for the composition, functions, performance and test methods of building intercom systems using the Internet protocol (IP), and it is a supplement to IEC 62820‑1‑1. This document is applicable to the IP building intercom systems for both residential and commercial buildings.

This document is concerned with linear, that is, straight-line, calibration functions that describe the relationship between two variables and , namely, functions of the form . Although many of the principles apply to more general types of calibration function, the approaches described exploit the simple form of the straight-line calibration function wherever possible. Values of the parameters and are estimated based on measured data points , Various cases are considered relating to the nature of the uncertainties associated with these data. No assumption is made that the errors relating to the are homoscedastic (having equal variance), and similarly for the when the errors are not negligible. Estimates of the parameters and are determined using least‑squares’ methods. The emphasis of this document is on using the method most appropriate for the type of measured data, that is, respecting the associated uncertainties. The most general type of covariance matrix associated with the measured data is treated, but important special cases that lead to simpler calculations are described in detail. For all cases considered, methods for validating the use of the straight-line calibration functions and for evaluating the uncertainties and covariance associated with the parameter estimates are given. The document also describes the use of the estimates of the calibration-function parameters and their associated uncertainties and covariance to predict a value of and its associated standard uncertainty given a measured value of and its associated standard uncertainty. NOTE 1 The document does not give a general treatment of outliers in measured data, although the validation tests given can be used to indicate discrepant data. ISO 16269-4 can be consulted for guidance. NOTE 2 The document describes a method to evaluate the uncertainties associated with the measured data when those uncertainties are known only up to a scale factor (see Annex D).

This document specifies the syntax and semantics of description schemes for representing data exchanged by media things (e.g. media sensors, media actuators, and media storages). Moreover, it specifies the APIs to exchange these data between media things. The following interfaces are under the scope of this document: APIs for accessing media sensors, actuators, storage, managers, controllers, and aggregators; structured data formats (XML) representing media thing’s base data types, including sensors, actuators, storage, managers, aggregators, controllers, and their elements; structured data formats (XML) representing the media sensor’s output data; and, structured data formats (XML) representing media actuator’s commands. This document does not specify how sensing and actuating are carried out but defines the interfaces between the media things.

This document specifies requirements for fire detection, alarm systems, equipment shutdown, information and communication systems, emergency brake systems and fire fighting systems to cover the objectives specified in EN 45545-1:2013.
The measures and requirements specified in this document aim to protect passengers and staff in railway vehicles in the event of a fire on board by alerting staff and passengers to a fire, delaying the fire development and controlling the movement of smoke.
It is not within the scope of this document to describe measures that ensure the preservation of the railway vehicles in the event of a fire.
This document is applicable to railway vehicles specified in EN 45545-1:2013.

IEC 62788-2-1:2023 specifies the safety requirements for flexible polymeric front- and backsheet constructions, which are intended for use as relied-upon insulation in photovoltaic (PV) modules. The specifications in this document define the specific requirements of polymeric front- or backsheet constructions on the component level and cover mechanical, electrical, visual and thermal characterization in an unexposed state and/or after ageing. This document covers class II and class 0 modules, as defined in IEC 61730-1. Class III modules are out of scope. This document provides the requirements for qualification of front- and backsheets to be used in module safety qualification according to IEC 61730-1. Test method descriptions are provided in IEC TS 62788-2, along with additional characterization methods useful for performance or quality assurance.

This document provides a description of a set of common technologies and techniques used in conjunction with cloud computing. These include: virtual machines (VMs) and hypervisors; containers and container management systems (CMSs); serverless computing; microservices architecture; automation; platform as a service systems and architecture; storage services; security, scalability and networking as applied to the above cloud computing technologies.

This document specifies the conditioning atmospheres and the method for conditioning samples of intact, empty paper sacks before and during testing.

This document specifies performance requirements and test methods for neck laceration protectors for use in ice hockey. This document is applicable to neck laceration protectors worn by ice hockey players, including goalkeepers, and referees. This document does not address protection of the neck from the impact of pucks, sticks or other objects.

IEC 63585:2026 This document gives guidelines to the transformer operator in evaluating dissolved gas analysis (DGA) data obtained from natural ester according to IEC 62770 and synthetic ester according to IEC 61099 in liquid filled transformers and similar equipment.
This document includes the following:
- gas generation in a natural and synthetic ester-filled transformer;
- DGA interpretation methods;
- gas concentration guide values valid for the use of DGA interpretation tools;
- nterpretation of the dissolved gas analysis results;
- recommended actions based on the interpretation of dissolved gas analysis results;
- examples of faulty equipment.

This standard is a product family standard dealing with safety after repair, refurbishment, and remanufacturing of an appliance already placed on the market and subsequent safety testing of appliances within the scope of IEC TC 61 and its subcommittees. This document takes precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject. When a Part 2 of the IEC TS 63457-2 series does not include additional requirements to cover hazards dealt with in this document, this document applies. All tests included in this document are conducted by a qualified person or by a supervised technician for specified activities. The concept of upgrade of an appliance and use of reused components are addressed in informative Annex A and informative Annex B. Additional requirements for upgrade apply as given in informative Annex B. Inspection and test documentation are prepared, for example, according to informative Annex C. Furthermore, a guidance on preparing a service manual by the manufacturer or remanufacturer is given in Annex D.

This document lists circular economy principles and provides guidance for circular economy across the textile value chain and value network and circularity for textile products.
This document applies to textiles, textile products, including non-textile components and materials.
This document excludes leather, fur products and footwear.

This document specifies methods of determining the luminous and solar characteristics of glazing in buildings. These characteristics can serve as a basis for lighting, heating and cooling calculations of rooms and permit comparison between different types of glazing. This document applies both to conventional glazing and to absorbing or reflecting solar-control glazing, used as vertical or horizontal glazed apertures. The appropriate formulae for single, double and triple glazing are given. A matrix method is provided as an alternative calculation method. This document introduces a method to determine the luminous and solar properties of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) glazing. This document is accordingly applicable to all transparent materials except those which show significant transmission in the wavelength region 5 µm to 50 µm of ambient temperature radiation, such as certain plastic materials. Materials with light-scattering properties for incident radiation are dealt with as conventional transparent materials subject to certain conditions (see 5.3). Angular light and solar properties of glass in building are excluded from this document. However, research work in this area is summarised in References [1], [2] and [3]. Guidance on the measurement of luminous and spectral properties of glass can be found in Reference [4]. Vacuum insulating glass (VIG) is excluded from the scope of this document. For determination of the g value of VIG, refer to ISO 19916-1[5].

This document specifies a method for the determination of polyacrylate (PA) superabsorbent materials in airborne dust by measurement of sodium (Na) by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). This method is applicable to the determination of collected superabsorbent powder in the range between 0,2 µg and 60 µg (limit of detection near 0,2 µg) of superabsorbent powders. It is applicable to polyacrylate superabsorbent materials, which occur in hygiene products including urine-absorbing aids for incontinent persons. The test methods are addressed to the material exclusively. They are not intended to be used, and are not applicable for use, with finished manufactured urine-absorbing aids.

This document specifies controls, purpose, and guidance for implementing controls, to meet the requirements identified by a risk and impact assessment related to the protection of personally identifiable information (PII). In particular, this document specifies requirements and guidance based on ISO/IEC 27002, taking into consideration the controls for processing PII that can be applicable within the context of an organization's information security risk environment(s). This document is applicable to all types and sizes of organizations acting as PII controllers (as defined in ISO/IEC 29100), including public and private companies, government entities and not-for-profit organizations that process PII, in particular, organizations that do not establish or operate a privacy information management system.

This document describes methods for specifying and evaluating the locomotion performance of legged robots. The tests listed in this document are mainly used to evaluate the complete machine. They can be also used for sample test, qualification test or check-and-accept test. This document is not intended for the verification or validation of safety requirements.

IEC 62275:2022 specifies requirements for metallic, non-metallic and composite cable ties and their associated fixing devices as a means used for managing or securing the wiring systems in electrical installations. Cable ties and associated fixing devices can also be suitable for other applications, such as support of wiring systems, and where so used, additional requirements can apply. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2018. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - scope clarification, - new definitions, - deletion of the exception for the stabilization of the moisture content, - possibility to carry out tensile strength tests with dead weights, - differentiation of rubber and acrylic adhesive fixings, - clarification for mechanical testing of integral devices, - clarifications on Table 6, - clarifications in 9.1, - the minimum installation temperature test for cable ties is carried out only when the declared minimum temperature is lower than 0 °C, - a requirement that metallic cable ties be classified according to 6.2.3, - definition of colours to be tested for contribution to fire, - addition of a "some countries" note in Clause 10, - clarification of the mounting of fixing devices in the resistance to ultraviolet light test, - clarification on the testing of integral devices in the resistance to ultraviolet light test.

This document specifies a method for determining the resistance of all forms of leather to visible soiling through repeated contact with soiled objects. It provides a physical pretreatment routine for leathers that can be vulnerable to loss of soiling resistance while in service, prior to conducting further tests such as cleaning.

This document specifies requirements for storm water management systems on wastewater treatment plants. It does not refer to storm water management systems in wastewater collection and conveyance networks (sewer systems). Regardless of the location and the technical requirements of this document, storm water management systems can be regarded as part of the sewer system in accordance with EN 752 and EN 16933.
This document specifies requirements for separation, storage, treatment, discharge and return of storm water within wastewater treatment plants.
NOTE A storm water management system at the wastewater treatment plant is only required where such a system is not provided within the sewer system, limiting the flow to the wastewater treatment plants see EN 752 and EN 16933 (all parts).